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Raport o stanie edukacji 2010. Społeczeństwo w drodze do wiedzy

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Głównym celem raportu jest wzmocnienie szerokiej publicznej debaty zarówno na temat samej edukacji, jak i jej znaczenia w działaniach rozwojowych. W Raporcie o stanie edukacji 2010 zebrano informacje dotyczące zmian, jakie zaszły w edukacji, w ciągu ostatnich 15 lat, ze szczególnym naciskiem na edukację ogólną. W poszczególnych rozdziałach poruszono kwestie dot. wykształcenia społeczeństwa polskiego, uczestnictwa w edukacji formalnej, finansowania edukacji, demografii, jakości edukacji, nauczaniu matematyki, nauczycielom, spójności społecznej w kontekście edukacji oraz sprawom związanym z powiązaniem edukacji z rynkiem pracy.

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Raport o stanie edukacji 2011. Kontynuacja przemian

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Raport o stanie edukacji 2011 stanowi kontynuację działań podjętych w ramach projektu „Entuzjaści Edukacji” w 2010 r.W raporcie 2011 wskazano najbardziej aktualne informacje dotyczące tendencji zmian w polskiej edukacji (uczestnictwo w edukacji, finansowanie edukacji, jakość i wykształcenie Polaków). Szczególną uwagę poświęcono zagadnieniom szkolnictwa zawodowego oraz szkolnictwa wyższego.

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Raport o stanie edukacji 2013. Liczą się nauczyciele

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

Polscy 15-latkowie mają jeden z najwyższych poziomów kompetencji w Europie, na co wskazują wyniki międzynarodowego badania PISA. To w dużym stopniu zasługa nauczycieli i im też w znacznym stopniu poświęcona jest czwarta już edycja raportu o stanie edukacji – „Liczą się nauczyciele”, który opublikował Instytut Badań EdukacyjnychPodobnie jak w poprzednich edycjach raport IBE opisuje kierunki zmian w polskiej edukacji, w tym dotyczące wykształcenia Polaków, ich szans na rynku pracy, ich wyborów edukacyjnych. Stara się też pokazać obraz polskich nauczycieli: dostarcza odpowiedzi m.in. na pytania: co nauczyciele myślą o sobie i swojej pracy?, co inni myślą o nauczycielach?, ile pracują?, jak podnoszą swoje kompetencje? Obszerną cześć raportu stanowią portrety nauczycieli języka polskiego, matematyki, historii, języków obcych oraz nauczycieli przedmiotów przyrodniczych.

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Raport o stanie edukacji 2014. Egzaminy zewnętrzne w polityce i praktyce edukacyjnej

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish

W dyskusjach o edukacji coraz częściej mówi się o jakości i coraz ważniejszą rolę odgrywają różne sposoby jej mierzenia. Jeszcze kilkadziesiąt lat temu porównania systemów oświatowych ograniczały się do zestawiania odsetków absolwentów kończących poszczególne etapy edukacji czy wskaźników upowszechnienia edukacji, np. w przedszkolach czy w szkolnictwie wyższym. W nadzorze nad szkołami dominował model tradycyjnej, hierarchicznej kontroli, polegającej na sprawdzaniu, czy przestrzegane są przepisy i inne zewnętrznie zdefiniowane normy. W ostatnich dekadach zwiększyły się oczekiwania stawiane przed edukacją. W większym stopniu zaczęto też postrzegać edukację przez pryzmat poziomu wiedzy i umiejętności absolwentów. W nadzorze nad szkołami zaczęto zwracać uwagę nie tylko na procesy, ale też i efekty, w tym zwłaszcza efekty uczenia się. Międzynarodowe badania osiągnięć edukacyjnych pokazały problem zróżnicowania poziomu umiejętności uczniów, w tym istnienia sporej grupy uczniów, którzy kończą szkoły z zasobem umiejętności nieodpowiadającym wyzwaniom współczesnego społeczeństwa i potrzebom rynku pracy.

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Възникване и развитие на македонските бежански културно-просветни и благотворителни братства в България (1878-1951)

Author(s): Stoyan Raychevski / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The Macedonian charity, cultural and educational fraternities in Bulgaria were established by the refugees from Macedonia who came to this country after Kresna-Razlog Uprising in 1878, the Illinden (St. Elijah's Day) Uprising in 1903, the Second Balkan War in 1913 and World War I. They originated on a purely fraternity basis with the aim of charity work, mutual support and preservation of family roots. The number of fraternities established by the refugees grew with their number in Bulgaria, running parallel to and enrichment of the forms of organization: clubs emerged, ephorie (boards of trustees), cooperatives, cultural and educational scocieties, orphanages, including banks such as the Macedonian Cooperative Bank and the Macedonian Popular Bank, and the Macedonian Research Institute among others. At the beginning of May 1934 there were about 540 Macedonian refugee structures established all acros Bulgaria with 50634 regularly reported members. The activity of the Macedonian fraternities was officially terminated with Decree № 130 of 1951 of the Presidium of the National Assembly. A special circular letter of the Ministry of Justice was issued whereby the company cases of the refugee organization were transferred to the regional and district courts where single-member panels presided. The decree of the Presidium transferred the entire property of the Macedonian charity fraternities and other Macedonian organisations to the newly-established Gotse Delchev Society in Sofia.

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Trianonská problematika a (česko)slovenské učebnice dejepisu

Author(s): Barnabás Vajda / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Jérome Bruner vo svojej eseji o kultúre vzdelávania upozornil, že: „cieľom výučby dejepisu je pomáhať žiakom vytvárať významy, nie riadiť učenie len na zapamätanie významov.“ Jadro jeho myšlienky nielen pamätať, ale aj vytvárať významy upriamuje našu pozornosť na isté znaky tradície. Práve tie, okrem iných, ovplyvňujú nielen charakter či špecifiká historického poznávania v edukačnom prostredí, ale i intenzívnejšie prebiehajúci slovensko-maďarský historicko-didaktický dialóg o tvorbe národných či spoločných učebníc dejepisu.

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Vývin školského systému na Slovensku v rokoch 1918 – 1939

Author(s): Ľubica Kázmerová / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Vobdobí vzniku Československej republiky (ČSR) sa školstvo na Slovensku, ktoré tvorí základ každej národnej kultúry, nachádzalo v katastrofálnom stave, čo bolo dôsledkom dlhodobého pôsobenia uhorskej štátnej politiky voči nemaďarským národom Uhorska a vojnovej vyčerpanosti spoločnosti. Prechodom frontu na východe Slovenska a tiež rabovaním po skončení vojny boli mnohé školské budovy poškodené a ich mobiliár zničený. Vládne miesta mladého štátu si uvedomovali zložitosť situácie a problémom školstva a vzdelávania venovali zvýšenú pozornosť. Centrálnym orgánom riadenia školstva sa stalo Ministerstvo školstva a národnej osvety (MŠANO) so sídlom v Prahe. Školstvo spravoval v slovenskej dočasnej vláde od novembra 1918 Anton Štefánek, ktorý sa stal o niekoľko mesiacov neskôr referentom pre oblasť školstva Ministerstva s plnou mocou pre správu Slovenska spravovaného Vavrom Šrobárom. Od roku 1919 pod jeho vedením pracoval Referát MŠANO pre Slovensko so sídlom v Bratislave.

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Sistemul educaţional sovietic – pârghie de modificare a identităţii în rândul cadrelor didactice din Basarabia (anii 50 – 80 ai secolului al XX‑lea)

Author(s): Angela Lisnic,Nadejda Scobioală / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Este cunoscut faptul că fenomenul educaţional a apărut ca o preocupare umană, încă din primele momente ale umanităţii, preocupare menită de a-i ajuta pe semeni să-şi perfecţioneze capacităţile de adaptare de care dispun la un moment dat. În problema scopurilor educaţiei, divergenţele au apărut mai târziu, atunci când a existat un interes în a trasa acele însuşiri umane spre care trebuie să se orienteze cu prioritate acţiunea educativă şi, legat de aceasta, a modului în care ar putea să fie influenţat individul prin educaţie. Subiectul prezentului studiu îl reprezintă analiza sistemului educaţional din perioada sovietică, aplicat la spaţiul Republicii Sovietice Socialiste Moldoveneşti (RSSM).

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On Transylvanian Jews. An Outline of a Common History

Author(s): Attila Gidó / Language(s): English

Many and from many angles have discussed the history of the Transylvanian Jewry. Yet the matter has not lost its topicality, and the possibilities of interpretation continue to be there. The paper deals with the history of the Transylvanian Jews as a history of integration, and creates a synthesis of the body of knowledge gathered until the present day in the light of that point of view, as a function of identity/ies and loyalty/ies. It covers a large time frame from the first Jews settled in the Transylvanian territory to the present-day situation. The author describes and analyses the most important events like the 1623 Edict of Prince Gabriel Bethlen (1613-1629), or the issue of the assimilation in the 19th century. The paper deals with the modern anti-Semitism, Holocaust, identity problems and with the Sionism as well. The paper makes an attempt to create a synthesis that can provide orientation in the matter for a larger audience, with only a sporadic knowledge about Transylvanian Jewry, as well as for the professionals of the field.

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School Market and the Educational Institutions in Transylvania, Partium and Banat between 1919 and 1948

Author(s): Attila Gidó / Language(s): English

This paper proposes to offer the statistical presentation of the transylvanian educational system and culture-generating institutions between 1918 and 1948, relying primarily on the hitherto published statistical summaries, censuses, annals, and studies, without carrying out any fundamental research or analysis. The paper fits into the first phase of a larger European comparative research project supported by the European Research Council. The documentation needed for the detailed analyses in the second phase is collected by other colleagues working on this research. Hopefully, their findings will be published in the near future.

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Audit Culture and the Making of a “Gypsy School”. Financing Policies, Curricula, Testing and Educational Inequalities in a Romanian Town

Author(s): Zsuzsa Plainer / Language(s): English

However segregation and discrimination are very important factors that block access of Roma to quality education, there are a series of less visible phenomena also responsible for school inequalities. Aim of this paper is to understand how some of these sophisticatedly linked factors lead to the making of a "Gypsy school" in a Romanian town, a school with low educational performance and bad fame. In doing so, the notion of audit culture is introduced, understood as a set of culturally mediated norms and practices of ranking. As this approach comes into sight, one may understand how - despite the commitment shown by the Romanian policy-makers to facilitate school integration of the Roma - a series of regulations unwittingly obstruct this aim. As it is revealed below, the framing of the national financing policies may involuntarily lead to tracking the Roma children into certain schools, where - in lack of a variety of teaching materials, refined testing and a clear system of rewarding the teacher's performance - quality education becomes a hard-to-reach target. The contextuality of the bad label of a "Gypsy school" is also relevant in this research as it is either a resource, or a stigma depending of the situation.

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Albansko-jugoslovenski odnosi (1945-1948) i njihovo predstavljanje u albanskim udžbenicima za osnovnu i srednju školu

Author(s): Esilda Luku / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

This paper aims to analyze the economic and political relations between Albania and Yugoslavia after the Second World War and their presentation on primary and secondary school history textbooks, by offering comparative approach of the way Albanian-Yugoslav relations are treated by different schools of historiography. On July 9, 1946 the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance was signed between the Albanian Prime Minister, Enver Hoxha and the Foreign Minister of Yugoslavia, Stanoje Simic. According to it, the two countries would take the necessary measures to ensure their independence and territorial integrity in case of aggression. They engaged to collaborate for the protection of international peace and security in conformity with the principles of the United Nations and confirmed their friendship by furthering the economic and cultural cooperation. The textbooks authors described the bilateral relationship as a result of the political intentions of Beograd to turn Albania into the seventh republic of Yugoslavia. It was perceived as “the other” in regard to Yugoslav efforts to exploit the weakness of the Albanian state and the risk of domination by a foreign power, claiming to represent it diplomatically. The inclusion of Albania in the Yugoslav Federation was argued in favor of solving the difficult problem of ethnic Albanians in the Yugoslavian state. Tito insisted on the impossibility to recognize the rights of Kosovo to self-determination because of the strengthening of Serb reaction. Due to the Yugoslav pressure, the Albanian leadership under the direction of Enver Hoxha was declared against the unification of Kosovo and Albania. History schoolbooks of both socialist and post-socialist period described the deterioration of the bilateral relations when the Albanian delegation headed by Enver Hoxha and the Soviet government ended an agreement in Moscow for the development of agriculture and industry and Albania received a Soviet loan. The Yugoslav leadership accused the Central Committee of the Albanian Communist Party of the anti-Yugoslav position, putting under pressure the government of Tirana. But it was the information about the Soviet Union Central Committee’s letters, criticizing the Yugoslav leadership for its domestic and foreign policy in deviation from the Marxist principles that helped the Albanian government deal with the pressure of Yugoslav authorities. It adopted unanimously the resolution of the Information Bureau of the Communist Parties, which broke off the Yugoslav-Albanian diplomatic relations in 1948 and shifted to the pro-Soviet orientation of the Albanian government.

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UNDER THE CRESCENT AND THE STAR: THE ILLYRIAN MOVEMENT

Author(s): Vlasta Švoger / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The beginning of the publication of Novine Horvatzke (January 6, 1835) and its weekly literary supplement Danicza Horvatzka, Slavonzka y Dalmatinzka (whose owner and official editor was Ljudevit Gaj) marked the entry into the most intensive phase of the Croatian national revival. It coincided with the stronger efforts of the Hungarians to limit Croatian autonomy with the imposition of the Hungarian language, and with intense competition between the Hungarian and Croatian honorati in agrarian and commercial affairs. These circumstances encouraged the involvement of Croatian noble-men and wealthier citizens in the revival movement. At the beginning of the movement, there were two social programmes. One of them was a conservative program based on Drašković’s Disertatia, which foresaw a gradual modification of the feudal system with the aim of preserving it. The second, barely known to the public at first, was a bourgeois-liberal programme to abolish the feudal system while preserving the economic strength of the nobility. At first, it was mainly advocated by the citizenry, and by 1848 it was at least partially accepted by the nobility.

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BETWEEN THE TWO WORLD WARS (1918-1941)

Author(s): Mario Jareb,Hrvoje Čapo / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Between the two world wars, the Croatian society developed in a multinational state under the rule of the Serbian royal dynasty of Karađorđević. The newly created Yugoslavia was, as Robert Gerwarth has observed in his book The Vanquished: Why the First World War Failed to End, 1917-1923 (p. 14) a “‘multi-national empire in miniature’, but ‘with reversed ethnic hierarchies’ than the failed Austro-Hungary Monarchy.” There are several reasons why the State of SCS united with the Kingdom of Serbia, the key ones being the military-political goals of Serbia and Italy. The Kingdom of Serbia announced at the very beginning of the war that it would fight to achieve this goal and the Serbian Prime Minister Nikola Pašić understood unification as expanding the territory and creating a Greater Serbia. Furthermore, a group of Croatian, Slovenian, and Serbian politicians who had been working abroad as the Yugoslav Committee since 1915 advocated South Slavic unification. This group vehemently opposed the provisions of the secret Treaty of London of 1915, which promised Italy the Eastern Adriatic with a majority Croat population in exchange for entering the war on the side of the Entente. Finally, in the weakened Austro-Hungarian monarchy, a Yugoslav club of Croatian and Slovenian politicians who advocated a trialistic arrangement of the Monarchy was active from 1917. The Kingdom of Serbia had an international reputation and position that exceeded the influence of the Yugoslav Committee with which it negotiated the draft of the future state. The most specific result of their cooperation was the Corfu Declaration of July 1917, by which Nikola Pašić on behalf of Serbia and Ante Trumbić on behalf of the Yugoslav Committee confirmed that the new state would be based on the principles of equality and freedom of choice – only the instruments ensuring the protection of the citizens of the State of SCS were not envisaged. The state of SCS was basically an unacknowledged state formed on the ruins of the Habsburg Monarchy, as it was only recognized by the Kingdom of Serbia. It was clear that it was only a transitional solution towards unification with Serbia.

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EDUCAȚIA RELIGIOASĂ ÎN BULGARIA DUPĂ 1990. PARTICULARITĂȚI ȘI PROVOCĂRI

Author(s): Andrian Aleksandrov / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

After 1990, Bulgaria entered a new era profoundly shaped by democratic and social changes. Until that point, the communist regime had suppressed religious education for nearly five decades, enforcing a system based on atheism. In this context, the reintegration of religious education encounters numerous challenges, including the pronounced secularization of society, the cultural legacy of atheism, and the absence of public consensus on the necessity of religious education. Although Bulgaria's legal framework supports religious freedom, religious education remains optional and is offered in a limited number of schools. The strained relationship between the Church and the State, coupled with the optional nature of the subject and the administrative difficulties faced by teachers of religion, adversely impacts the implementation of religious education. This article analyzes these issues and underscores the need for additional efforts to strengthen religious education, acknowledge religious identity, and integrate it into an increasingly diverse Bulgarian society.

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EMANCIPATION FOR AND FROM THE SOCIETY

Author(s): Milica Smajević Roljić,Olga Nikolić,Andrija Šoć,Aleksandar Ostojić,Sanja Petkovska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Milica Smajević Roljić An Interpretation of the Educational Process from the Perspective of Kant’s Philosophy of History and Legal-Political Theory; Olga Nikolić - Emancipatory and Ideological Functions of Education; Andrija Šoć - Deliberative Education and Quality of Deliberation: Toward a Critical Dialogue and Resolving Deep Disagreements; Aleksandar Ostojić - Knowledge Versus Production: Michel Serres and Idiosyncratic Roads of Education; Sanja Petkovska - Decolonial Emancipation on the Postsocialist Peripheries and the Future of Critical Pedagogy

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UKRATKO

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Učitelj, srednjoškolski nastavnik, docent, izvanredni profesor, redoviti profesor, emeritus, akademik, predsjednik akademije; Autor, nakladnik, urednik, recenzent, član redakcije, član znanstvenog savjeta, savjetnik.

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U DRUŠTVU SA ŽIVOTOM (NE)SVAKIDAŠNJIM

Author(s): Lidija Pehar / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Iz knjige život (ne) svakidašnji prof. dr. Mladena Bevande želim izdvojiti s razlogom, nekoliko tekstova i posebno ih komentirati. Važno je napomenuti i na ovom mjestu, da je Bevanda Mladen, godinama bio, omiljeni profesor kada studenti/postdiplomci biraju temu za diplomski, magistarski ili doktorski rad. Predavanju su mu bila iznimno posjećena, a među studentima je bio prepoznatljiv po nastupima koji su obilovali uz sve znanstvene fakte, lucidnostima, pričama iz daljnje i bliže povijesti čije je likove uspijevao oživjeti i čini se da svaki put prezentirao, igrao novu rolu u «teatru», koja će se dugo pamtiti.

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NA MARGINAMA KNJIGE IZMEĐU DUŽNOSTI I ODGOVORNOSTI

Author(s): Ivan Sivrić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Iz Mostara u Čitluk putujem sa Stanislavom Vukorepom. Vozim polako, razgovaramo o koječemu i tako sve do ulaza u naselje. S obje strane ulice, koja je glavna i gotovo jedina prava ulica u Čitluku, izrasle su goleme platne. Ulica ima tri trake i promet teče neometano. Stanislav pita za platane, ja objašnjavam da su posađene prije pedesetak godina kad je predsjednik općine bio Mladen Bevanda. Prije su bile neke kržljave topole, ali je tada mladi predsjednik ocijenio da one nisu pravo rješenje za centar Općine te je uz savjete stručnjaka organizirao uklanjanje topola i zasađivanje platana, isti dan. Vidjelo se kako je to bio dobar potez, ali neki mještani nisu nikako pristajali da se kraj njihovih kuća sadi neko drugo drvo. Tako sada dvije preostale topole, pored Janjine kuće i MUP-a, izgledaju kao ruglo. Napomenuh Stanislavu da je dolaskom na dužnost Mladen pokrenuo i ostvario niz projekata, a najprije je sa suradnicima regulirao tok potoka/baruštine usred naselja što je bilo leglo komaraca i izvor neugodnih mirisa. Rekoh, Mladen je bio praktično preporoditelj općine i to je bilo prepoznato istom tridesetak godina kasnije kad je dobio Godišnju nagradu za doprinos razvoju Općine.

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Výzkum historie židovského osídlení na Havlíčkobrodsku

Author(s): Alena Jindrová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The Museum of Vysočina in Havlíčkův Brod initiated a project in 2007 to explore the history of Jewish settlements in the region. The first event was an exhibition on Jewish history and traditions in Bohemia and Moravia, held from February to April 2007. This exhibition commemorated the 65th anniversary of the Jewish transports to Terezín in 1942. The museum collaborated with the Jewish Museum in Prague, showcasing local Jewish artifacts and traditions. The project also included educational programs for schools, featuring lectures and performances by notable figures such as Chief Rabbi Karol Efraim Sidon and actor Jaroslav Achab Haidler. The research covers Jewish communities in towns like Golčův Jeníkov, Habry, and Havlíčkův Brod, focusing on their history from the Middle Ages to World War II. The project aims to publish comprehensive studies on these communities, with the first book released in 2008. The museum continues to collect memories and documents, expanding its research to include the communist era. The project highlights the significant contributions and hardships of the Jewish population in the Havlíčkův Brod region.

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