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Оп арт в математическото образование, или преброяване на четири­ъгълници

Author(s): Toni Chehlarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The study of mathematics through fine arts is presented in the context of STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Mathematics) education as a way of bringing the teaching/learning process closer to practice. What is meant here is how to use mathematical knowledge in the creation of works of art, as well as how to explore works of art by means of mathematics and informatics tools. How to provide conditions for explorations in mathematics classes related to finding patterns, mathematical modeling and rational counting is presented by means of “Op art” paintings. A task for counting black quadrilaterals has been set up in specially designed compositions in that style. Cases of different parity, starting with a relatively small number of quadrilaterals, and the effect of the art under consideration have been taken into account when creating these compositions. Various ways of rational counting are discussed. An experiment involving formal and informal education is presented. A theme from the Virtual Mathematics Laboratory being developed in the Mathematics and Informatics Education Department of the Institute of Mathematics and Informatics at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences has been used in a class setting. The results of work on an analogous task of the online VIVA Mathematics with Computer Competition and from a poll conducted with the participants are presented. Тhe provocation to create compositions in this style, including by means of software products, has been discussed. A glass work of art in Op Art style is discussed in terms of formulating various tasks using the effects of its reflection. The modular structure of a large number of op-art works and ideas for formulating similar tasks using modules such as points, triangles, curves, etc. are considered. The dual character of the subject under consideration and the possibility of applying binary teaching form are also expressed by the subheadings, for example, “Introduction or from STEM to STEAM”, “A task for counting or recognition by overcoming optical illusions”, etc.

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Смесени форми на обучение – иновативен подход за преподаване и обучение във висшите училища

Author(s): Stoynka Lazarova,Lachezar Lazarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

In recent years blended learning has started to spread in the sphere of education on a worldwide scale more and more rapidly. The idea looks attractive, for it combines both the traditional forms of education, obtained as a result of pedagogical experience, gained over the years, and along with this the diverse educational functions of the new technology can be used. In the article the experience of the University of Veliko Tarnovo related to the application of blended courses of learning is shared.

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Формираност на комуникативноречевите компетентности у учениците от трети клас през погледа на учителите

Author(s): Desislava Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

A survey among the primary teachers in the country is presented, which aims at exploring the opinions, attitudes, relations of primary teachers with the formation of communicative competences in their students.

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The Effects of Student-Teacher and Student-Student Relationship on School Engagement: an Empirical Research in Bulgaria

Author(s): Petar Valkov,Elena Lavrentsova / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

School dropout is an important social and economic problem that affects society as a whole and is strongly tied to family psychopathology, individual characteristics and school related factors. Studies show that conflicting teacher-student and student-student relationships are closely related to students’ decision to drop out of school. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of teacher-student and student-student relationships, as perceived by students, on willingness to attend school, academic achievement, and prosocial behaviours. The sample consisted of 152 students (53,3% male and 46,7% female) who are studying in low secondary schools, including Roma schools. Results from statistical analysis support the significance of student-students and student-teacher positive relationship as an important factor for school engagement. In conclusion, supportive and caring teacher-student relationships and conflict free peer relationships are related to increased school engagement, motivation for learning, and academic performance. In contrary, children who experience lower quality relationships with teachers and peers (feel rejected or socially excluded) tend to become dissatisfied with school and are at a higher risk for dropping out.

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Математически турнир „Домино „Обикновени дроби“ като събитие на STEM Discovery Week

Author(s): Toni Chehlarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2019

The mathematical tournament is considered in an educational context, with an expectation to increase the educational effect of the use of didactic game due to its repeatability and additional motivation for victory. The European STEM Discovery Week initiative for STEM education in school and the cooperation of stakeholders in this field is presented. The “Mathematical Tournament” Domino “Fractions” has been described as one of the events in Bulgaria held within this initiative. The didactic Domino “Fractions” is considered. In its development, it was used the idea of incorporating Moritz Escher’s tessellating tiles in the depiction of fractions. Specific features have been described, for example, in most cases, in two-color coloring, two different common fragments can be represented by one figure. Discussed are tasks with tiles of the considered domino. Digital resources with free access are provided in the Virtual Mathematics Laboratory, developed in the Education in Mathematics and Informatics Department of the Institute of Mathematics and Informatics of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, which can be used for preparation for a game of dominoes and self-examination for the understanding of common fractions. The results of the solution of a tasks of didactic domino tiles “Fractions” in the online VIVA Mathematics with Computer Competition are analyzed.

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Участието в неформално образование в европейска сравнителна перспектива: стимулиращи и ограничаващи фактори

Author(s): Petya Ilieva-Trichkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2019

The article’s purpose is twofold. First, it aims at demonstrating the heuristic potential of the capability approach in rethinking the lifelong learning and in particular the non-formal education. Second, it aims at exploring the factors which influence the participation in non-formal education among the group of young adults in a European comparative perspective. At a theoretical level, it applies the capability approach framework to the conceptualizing non-formal education as a capability. At a methodological level, it makes a secondary data analysis on Adult Education Survey (2011) and the official statistics by using descriptive statistics and multilevel modeling for 17 countries. The results show that there are considerable differences in the participation in non-formal education between the European countries and that the participation in non-formal education is much more than personal responsibility and is, in fact, a result of a wide range of factors both at individual and country level. These factors may constrain but also enable the chances which young adults have to participate in non-formal education. Among the factors which are identified as important at the country level are the economic climate, the active labour market measures, the expenses paid by the employers for training and the level of innovation.

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Стажантската практика – краен етап в университетската подготовка на учители

Author(s): Yanka Koeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2019

The current empirical study aims to explore students‘ attitudes towards entering the teaching profession. Through anonymous surveys the opinions of the trainees about the pre-graduate pedagogical practice they have done are summarized and analyzed – what skills do they acquire, what are their recommendations, do they feel prepared to work as teachers, do they intend to commit themselves to the profession and what are their future professional expectations of their work as teachers. Recommendations are made to handle problems in pedagogical practice and build professional competence.

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Verification of Accumulative Frame System in Programming Training

Author(s): Silvia Gaftandzhieva,Rositsa Doneva / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2019

The paper presents a part of a study conducted for the needs of e-learning on the application of frames for representation of knowledge and processes in training on a particular subject domain. As a result of the study the classical notion of the frame models is developed further and the so-called accumulative frame model is proposed. The main rationales for the introduction of the accumulative frame model are: (1) to provide a formalism for conceptual modelling in subject domains and (2) to serve as a basis for automation of e-learning and e-training activities by implementation of intelligent tools for extraction, aggregation and accumulation of data and knowledge for educational needs. A system of 36 accumulative frame models and its verification for fulfilment of the intended purpose in the rationale (1) are presented.

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Wpływ przemian demograficznych na kształcenie wyższe, zatrudnienie oraz bezrobocie w Polsce od początku lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX wieku do 2017 roku

Author(s): Julita Jezierska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

In the nineties of the twentieth century, higher education in Poland developed in a dynamic way, which was manifested by a rapid increase in the number of universities, the number of students and graduates of these institutions. On the one hand the educational boom was triggered by demographic processes, and on the other, a change in the educational aspirations of the society, which was expressed by the increasing scholarization rate. The aim of the article is to analyze the changes taking place in Polish higher education since the transformation period of the nineties of the twentieth century until 2017, under the influence of transformations of the demographic structure of society and the impact of higher education on currently occurring social phenomena, employment, unemployment. The demographic processes that at the time initiated the development of higher education in the coming years will probably lead to a reduction in the number of universities.

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Проблеми при обучението в дигитална среда за преподавателите във висшето образование

Author(s): Milena Filipova,Radostina Yuleva-Chuchulayna / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The changes generated by the current epidemic situation related to COVID-19 are significant in higher education. These changes affected the processes and methods of teaching, as well as affected the communication between teachers and students. As a result of the pandemic, universities ceased the attendance form of teaching and went entirely online through digital communication platforms. The teachers had to start their teaching activity with the students through new platforms, social networks, e-mails, etc., which caused some problems. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the problems of online learning among teachers in higher education. The main research methods are the method of analysis and synthesis, questionnaire, intuitive and systematic approach. The main research results are shown as clearly formulated problems, faced by teachers from higher education institutions in Bulgaria, during the transition to distance learning. The identified problems are grouped into three main groups – pedagogical, organizational and technological.

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Предизвикателства пред стратегическото управление на висшето образование в България в новото десетилетие (Национална карта на висшето образование)

Author(s): Iskra Mileva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The scientific article presents the latest European strategic documents and the latest national decisions related to higher education and science, in the context of the challenges of the decade. A critical analysis of the process of creating a “National Map of Higher Education of the Republic of Bulgaria” was made. Conclusions and recommendations have been formulated for strategic management and specifically for strategic management of higher education, which should be useful for administrative science and management practice

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Swimming as Prevention of Harmful Effects of Modern Technologies

Author(s): Boryana Tumanova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Worrying is the fact that there is a deficit for educational information on health and the role of physical activity for improving it. Scientists have long found that one of the most risk factors for human health is the lack of physical activity. The development of modern technologies is a growing process in our society and further contributes for the prematurely damaging of the musculoskeletal system. Swimming, as a type of physical activity, gives opportunity for reducing the harmful effects of this process and is a good option for preventing a number of health problems associated with the improper posture while sitting in front of the computer or other smart device. Based on our research’s results were made conclusions focusing on prevention, health support and improving quality of life, by introducing a programme for rising the awareness of the harm and consequences of prolonged sitting in front of computers, as well as avoiding developing dependence on the use of modern technologies and counteracting it through the means of swimming.

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Species of mammals disappeared from the Fagaras Mountains (Southern Carpathians) and the opportunity of their reintroduction

Author(s): Adrian Mestecăneanu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

The opportunity of the reintroduction of some species of mammals in the Făgăraş Mountains, after that the European bison (Bison bonasus) (Linnaeus, 1758) and the European beaver (Castor fiber) Linnaeus, 1758 reintroduction is already in progress, is analyzed in this paper. It was stated that the bobak marmot (Marmotabobak) (Müller, 1766) and the Saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica) (Linnaeus, 1766) most likely never lived in the area and their reintroduction is, thus, impossible, the Przewalski΄s horse (Equus przewalskii f. gmelini) (Antonius, 1920)and the Mongolian khulan (Equus hemionus hemionus) Pallas, 1775 probably lived in the historical times in the forests and could be reintroduced, but rather in the nearby plain areas, the aurochs (Bos primigenius) Bojanus,1827 existed in the area until a few hundred years ago, but its reintroduction is unfeasible, because, currently, the species is globally extinct, the Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) Linnaeus, 1758 certainly lived here, but its reintroduction depends on the cause and the moment of disappearance, still doubtful, and the elk (Alces alces) Linnaeus, 1758probably survived in the area after 15th century and could be reintroduced, but without the guarantee that it will remain stable in the area.

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INVESTIGATING DIGITAL EQUITY IN DISTANCE EDUCATION IN SAUDI ARABIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Author(s): Reima Al-Jarf / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2021

Due to the COVID -19 Pandemic, there was a sudden shift from face-to-face to distance education in all schools and universities in Saudi Arabia (SA) starting March 2020. Many instructors and students were not technically prepared for this abrupt transition as some did not have devices and Internet access. On the other hand, some households have high-speed Internet and even a device for each child. This study investigates the digital equity in accessing online courses by students in low-income families, orphanages, and remote areas. A sample of school and university teachers and students from different regions in SA was interviewed. The subjects reported that lack of devices/Internet access was overcome by: (i) Governorates donating thousands of tablets to disadvantaged students; (ii) charity organizations and affluent individuals donate tablets/laptops and financial aid; (iii) some school teachers collect money to buy tablets for needy students; (iv) students who do not have devices and/or Internet go to school few times a week and meet with teachers face-to-face to teach them and help them with homework; (v) needy college students are allowed to use devices and Internet at their college computer laps or library; (vi) some underprivileged students reported borrowing a smart phone/laptop from relatives or neighbours and/or use relatives and neighbours’ Internet; (vii) Saudi mobile companies offer special Internet packages for students and teachers. Sample regions, types of disadvantaged students and help provided to bridge the digital and distance education gap in SA during COVID -19 are given in detail.

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ROMANIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM RESPONSE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Author(s): Carmen Holotescu,Gabriela Grosseck,Diana Andone,Laura Gunesch,Liviu Constandache,Violeta Daniela Nedelcu,Malinka Ivanova,Roza Dumbrăveanu / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

The Covid-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented situation, when education worldwide moved online, leading to what is called Emergency Remote Teaching. Finalized one month after the suspension of face-to-face activities in schools and universities, this paper aims to capture the actions taken in Romania for the continuity of education in online environment, the strategies adopted in schools and universities to support this process, the collaboration between the educational actors and the involvement of the whole society. How prepared was the country in terms of infrastructure, teacher training, digital competences of teachers and students? How did the parents and the society get involved? What measures were taken by the Ministry of Education and Research and the educational institutions? Does this crisis make a difference even greater than the one already existent, in terms of the access to education? What educational technologies have been used, what is the role of Open Education practices and projects, the integration of Open Educational Resources and Massive Open Online Courses, of open pedagogies? How do we compare ourselves with countries with similar infrastructure, such as Bulgaria and Moldova? How have we been able to benefit from the many international initiatives, projects and resources? What are the results of the studies already carried out on the efficiency of the actions taken? What can be done better until the return to the face-to-face activities in schools and universities, expected to be in the coming months? What are the lessons learned and how do we apply this knowledge for a better future? What current practices will have an impact on the teaching-learning activity, on the opening of education?

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Преподаването по български език за чуждестранни студенти в Югозападния университет „Неофит Рилски“ - предизвикателства и перспективи

Author(s): Gergana Padareva-Ilieva,Bilyana Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

The aim of the paper is to present the history of Bulgarian language education of foreign students at South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, which is one of the biggest Bulgarian universities. The period under consideration includes twenty-one years from 2000 to 2021. The main groups of foreign students who learn Bulgarian at the university are presented, together with the learning organization according to aims, which the educational process has, the workbooks, which are used, as well as the difficulties and the challenges, which teachers and students face during the educational process. Some ideas, which we hope could be implemented into practice in the near future, are also proposed.

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University Learning Outcomes: Statement of the Issue within the Theory of Ill-Posed Problems

Author(s): Alma Turganbayeva,Maktagali Bektemessov,Marina Skiba / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The article discusses the problem of determining the learning outcomes for educational programs of the university, including at the program level and the level of individual disciplines included in the program. The goal is to substantiate the understanding of the definition of learning outcomes at a university as an inverse ill-posed problem within the framework of the theory of ill-posed problems, which will allow further reengineering of the educational process at a university based on models of inverse and ill-posed problems. The article identifies the types of uncertainty inherent in education, which affect the possibility of an incorrect decision. The publication substantiates a new understanding of the educational process focused on learning outcomes at a university, as a process of finding a solution to an inverse incorrect problem. In this case, the learning outcomes formulated for a specific educational program are considered as an available solution to the inverse problem. The research carried out by the authors made it possible to construct a mathematical model of the educational process at the university and identify its components. The authors demonstrate that the optimal way to design the educational process is to design it as an inverse problem, and the list of disciplines, their content and the corresponding learning outcomes are determined and developed at subsequent stages, focusing on the goals of the program.

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Inclusion as a Tool for Educational Strategies in the Czech Republic Focused on People with an Intellectual Disability

Author(s): Lukáš Stárek / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The text below discusses inclusive education not only in legislative but also social terms. Society’s attitude towards people with an intellectual disability has changed over decades from exclusion, through remorse and charity to integration trends in various aspects of life, including education. Inclusion in education is one of the keystones in present Czech education. The text aims to introduce the understanding of inclusion in the Czech Republic and present the educational system of special educational needs focused on people with an intellectual disability. The second aim concerns the right to be educated and the right to lifelong education.

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Using Online Platforms to Educate University Students in India to Raise Awareness about Covid-19: An Interventional Pilot Study

Author(s): Ruby Devaprasath,Sunitha Kuppuswamy / Language(s): English Issue: 76/2022

The purpose of this study is to explore the prospects of using technology enhanced active learning (TEAL) as pedagogical method in order to augment knowledge acquisition among media science students. It was intended to find out if the intervention is effective in terms of knowledge acquisition about Covid-19 in turn creating the necessary awareness about the same. Therefore, pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design was used (Thyer, 2012). The participants were 100 first year graduation students. The Paired sample t-test was conducted to know if the intervention has impacted awareness level of Covid-19 crisis. The findings reveal that there is a significant improvement in knowledge gained about Covid-19 by the students in this approach. The findings have important implications for the educational reformers, researchers and teachers in India and any other developing country with the similar climate in education for that matter.

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NOVINARSKA ETIKA U HRVATSKOJ: ASPEKTI RAZVOJA KODEKSA, OBRAZOVANJA NOVINARA I ZNANSTVENO-ISTRAŽIVAČKOG INTERESA ZA TEMU

Author(s): Dunja Majstorović,Željana Ivanuš,Gordana Vilović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 01/2022

The aim of the paper is to give an overview of the development of journalism ethics in Croatia. By analyzing the literature on the history of journalism in Croatia and using two research methods, four key periods of the development of interest in journalism ethics have been identified: 1) the emergence of the first informative newspapers and the beginnings of professionalization of journalism in the 1910s; 2) the adoption of the first code of journalists, the establishment of the first successful school for journalists and the beginnings of university education for journalists in the mid-1960s and the early 1970s; 3) the emergence of scientific interest in journalism ethics in the second half of the 1990s and the launch of the first university course on journalism ethics; 4) a period of heightened interest expressed through the proliferation of papers on journalism ethics within the scientific community in Croatia from the mid-2000s.

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