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Онтология на ситуациите за състояние – лингвистично моделиране. Съпоставително изследване за български и руски

Author(s): Svetla Koeva,Elena Yu. Ivanova,Yovka Tisheva,Anton Zimmerling,Galina Ivanovna Kustova ,Maxim Stamenov,Marina Dzhonova,Alexander Letuchiy,Svetlozara Leseva,Ivelina Stoyanova,Maria A. Ovsyannikova,Tsvetana Dimitrova,Maria Todorova,Valentina Stefanova,Hristina Kukova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Russian

The collective monograph "Ontology of Stative Situations - Linguistic Modeling. A Contrastive Bulgarian-Russian Study" includes research carried out within the project of the same name "Ontology of stative situations – linguistic modeling. A contrastive Bulgarian-Russian study", supported by the "Scientific Research" Fund of the Ministry of Education and Science in Bulgaria (№ КП-06-РУСИЯ / 23) and from the Russian Fund for Fundamental Research (No. 20-512-18005).

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Доклади от Международната годишна конференция на Института за български език „Проф. Любомир Андрейчин“

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,French,Russian,Old Slavonic,Old Bulgarian

This volume contains the papers presented at the International Jubilee Conference of the Institute for Bulgarian Language “Prof. Lubomir Andreychin” of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in 2022, which also marked the Institute’s 80th anniversary. The Conference is a prestigious forum for sharing the latest achievements and trends in all areas of the study of the Bulgarian language in Bulgaria and around the world, as well as the advances in the scholarly work of the Institute, including research carried out under national and international projects and in cooperation with scholarly centres in Bulgaria and abroad.

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Extended ontology of noun semantic classes

Author(s): Svetla Koeva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The primary aim of this study is to propose an effective approach for characterising the frame elements of conceptual frames within the Bulgarian FrameNet using noun classes. This approach will facilitate the prediction of comprehensive and semantically valid combinations between verbal lexical units that evoke conceptual frames and appropriate nouns. The study provides a concise overview of the semantic classifications of nouns in WordNet, Corpus Pattern Analysis, FrameNet, and VerbAtlas, emphasising their significance in predicting verb-noun compatibility. The structure of the Bulgarian FrameNet (BulFrame) is presented, containing components adapted from FrameNet for Bulgarian along with a substantial amount of lexical, morphological, syntactic, and semantic information specific to the Bulgarian language. One distinctive feature of the Bulgarian FrameNet is the specification of noun classes, indicating appropriate nouns for the lexical realisation of frame elements. By aligning synonym sets from WordNet with the semantic types of Corpus Pattern Analysis and FrameNet, as well as with the selective preferences of VerbAtlas, the foundational structure of the Extended Ontology of Noun Semantic Classes is established. The Ontology concepts are linked, not exclusively, to synonym sets from WordNet and thereby to sets of nouns suitable for combination with verbal lexical units that evoke the corresponding conceptual frames. The contribution of this development lies in detailing the steps for selecting semantic classes (concepts) and constructing the structure of the Extended Ontology of Noun Semantic Classes.

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Част на тялото като семантична характеристика

Author(s): Valentina Stefanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This study focuses on the analysis of the frame element Body part as a semantic feature to describe semantic frames according to the hierarchical structure in FrameNet. The aim is a semantical description and a methodological presentation for information extraction and analysis of a group of verbs according to the presence of a specific frame element. The research is part of the development of the Bulgarian FrameNet (BulFrame), a system for visualisation and editing of conceptual frames that are defined in the system (Koeva, Doychev 2022). The analysis is carried out by extracting verbs that are conceptually described by semantic frames with the core frame element Body Part. Semantic resources that are created for the purpose of semantic, syntactic and conceptual knowledge of verbs are used in the study. Mapping with verb synsets from the Bulgarian WordNet is made for the observation. The nouns that the verb conjuncts are considered with respect to distinct synsets and semantic types as a possible realisation of the verb. As a result, a grouping of nouns associated with semantic types from Corpus Pattern Analysis (CPA) is proposed.

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Verbs of communication: validation of conceptual frames in corpus data

Author(s): Svetlozara Leseva,Ivelina Stoyanova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The chapter outlines the properties of the semantic class of verbs of communication in terms of the most representative FrameNet frames of higher frequency and the syntactic realisation of the frame elements in different valence patterns in English and Bulgarian. For the purposes of the study we employ two large lexical-semantic resources: (a) the Princeton WordNet (Fellbaum 1998b), and the Bulgarian WordNet (Koeva 2021), and (b) FrameNet (Baker et al. 1998). In particular, the analysis is centred on the information included in each of the resources and how it can be used towards their mutual enrichment and the extension of their coverage. We discuss the general organisation of the verb lexis representing the domain of communication: the prototypical frame Communication and frames inheriting from it, focusing on the frames Statement and Telling as two of the most representative frames of verbal communication. The objective is to validate the realisation of semantic frames in corpus data using the semantically annotated corpora SemCor (Miller et al. 1993b) and BulSemCor (Koeva et al. 2006). While we use resources for English and Bulgarian, we discuss the universal and language-specific aspects of this description and the transferability of knowledge across languages. The observations made on the valence patterns and the syntactic expression of the core frame elements are used to verify the validity of the assigned frame, while also highlighting the similarities and differences both between verbs from the same domain in one language (Bulgarian) and between equivalent/similar senses across languages (Bulgarian and English).

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За семантичния клас глаголи за контакт чрез преместване

Author(s): Maria Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The study offers a description of a group of verbs from WordNet with the semantic class (primitive) “verbs for contact”, which belong to the set of commonly used vocabulary in Bulgarian. The description focuses on verbs of contact combined with displacement, which include verbs for attaching, detaching, placing, removing, filling, and emptying. A semantic-syntactic description is proposed, which covers the frame elements of the corresponding FrameNet semantic frame and their corresponding syntactic implementations. Situations represented by the semantic frames Attachment, Detachment, Filling, Emptying, Manipulation and Touching are considered. The analyzed information is based on manual verification, editing and addition of the semi-automatic correlation of two large semantic language resources — WordNet and FrameNet. Subclasses of motion contact verbs have been proposed according to the location of physical contact.

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Основни фреймове за перцепция и комплексно представяне на семантико-синтактична информация

Author(s): Hristina Kukova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The research focuses on verbs of perception and their conceptual descriptions in Bulgarian. An analytical review of previous theoretical generalisations as well as scientifically applied research is presented. The variety of constructions and syntactic realisations that the representatives of this class of predicates project onto their sentential surroundings serves as a starting point for the present study. The analysis is based on semantic and partly morphological information about the lexical units from WordNet (Fellbaum 1998; Koeva 2021a), as well as on semantic-syntactic specificities by which the lexical units under study are represented in FrameNet (Baker et al. 1998; Ruppenhofer et al. 2016). Seven frames are considered, which demonstrate high frequency and a wide variety of verbal lexical units. The description includes grammatical features of the verbs, semantic and syntactic constraints that the verbal lexical units impose on their frame elements, mapping of the frame elements to a certain synonym set or semantic class of WordNet nouns that corresponds to the properties of the elements in the frame. The status of the frame elements is also adopted from FrameNet, which is essential for the realisation of the given lexical unit.

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Някои особености на глаголите в неопределеноличните изречения

Author(s): Petya Osenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper focuses on the characteristics of the verbs in the indefinite-personal sentences. On the one hand, the typology of verbs used in these types of sentences is examined. For this purpose, the so-called lexicographic classes from the WordNet resource are used. The verbs are excerpted from a number of Bulgarian grammars, in which there exist focused sections on the indefinite-personal sentences. It should be noted that the list of the verbs is indicative, not exhaustive. On the other hand, the typical word order patterns in the considered type of sentences for the excerpted verbs are also presented. Last but not least, the verbs in the indefinite-personal sentences are discussed in the context of the other types of null subject sentences as well as of some other related linguistic phenomena.

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Негативни форми на дубитатива

Author(s): Diana Androva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This study discusses the negative dubitative forms in first person and second person of the Active voice of the Future tense and Future in the past tense in the Bulgarian language. The first purpose of this study is to verify the existence of a fourth formative model for expressing negative dubitative semantics. The second purpose is to examine the uses of the four forms and find out which form is most commonly used to express a negative dubitative semantics.

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Словник и словникови единици

Author(s): Tsvetelina Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article studies the difference between the list of words that should be included in the dictionary and the list of words that are included in the dictionary and definitions are formulated. The place of dictionary words is described in terms of the way language material is organized in the dictionary. Special attention is paid to the grouping of dictionary words on the left side of the dictionary entry and in the word formation area. Within the dictionary article, the similarities and differences are indicated when presenting two or more dictionary words.

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За някои сравнителни речници с изходен език сръбски

Author(s): Atanaska Atanasova / Language(s): Bulgarian,Serbian Publication Year: 0

The report examines some comparative dictionaries of general type with Serbian (Serbo-Croatian) source language and Bulgarian target language. It traces out the similarities and differences between them with a view to their purpose, vocabulary size, vocabulary structure and semantic word structure. The observations show that each dictionary reflects the language situation as it is at the time of creation of the dictionary and raise some fundamental questions.

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Глаголът съм в българско-чуждоезичните речници

Author(s): Mihaela Kuzmova / Language(s): Slovak,English,Bulgarian,French,Russian,Czech,Polish,Ukrainian,German,Spanish,Serbian,Portuguese,Italian Publication Year: 0

This paper focuses on the lexicographical treatment of the verb съм ‘to be’ in some bilingual dictionaries published over the last sixty years. The scope of coverage and exemplification of its main functions and the lexicographic techniques used for this purpose are examined, as well as the description of its formal features. The paper also outlines some ways to improve the treatment of this verb in bilingual dictionary, taking into account current lexicographical practice in a broader context and the relevant linguistic literature.

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Чуждоезикови интерференции в диахронната българска роднинска терминология

Author(s): Mariyana Tsibranska-Kostova / Language(s): Turkish,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article focuses on the extracted lexical information about the use of the Turkish kinship terms badjanak and abla in the 17th century manuscript RNL ОR Pogod. 243 from the Russian National Library in St.Petersburg. Both function as variants in the southern Slavic translation of Zacharias Scordilius Marafara’s work on degrees of kinship and forbidden marriages, printed in 1563 and 1588 in Venice. The comparison with the Slavonic copy of the same Greek work, preserved partially in the Bulgarian manuscript CIAI 1160 from the Library of the St. Synod of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church in Sofia, allows the formation of the word-pair баджанак – пашеног ‘husband to wife’s sister; each of the sisters’ spouses‘, while абла (written аcла) replaces the kinship term леля ‘аunt’. The examples testify to the entry of the colloquial speech in the semantic field of kinship among Bulgarians and South Slavs. Thus a bridge is created between dialects and literary language, between the areal use of the terms and their written fixation. Specific data complement the characteristics of the modern Bulgarian language, which first stage of development is the period 15th – 17th cc.

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За някои зооними в говора на с. Речане, Призренско

Author(s): Iliyana Garavalova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

he article is a result of a research that is part of the execution of the project “The speech of Rechane village, Prizrensko (with a particular overview of the morphological system)” of the Department of Bulgarian Dialectology and Linguistic Geography of the Institute for Bulgarian Language – BAS. Its main goal is to present part of the lexical treasure of the dialect of Rechane and more specifically some of the ways of naming domestic and wild animals in it. In the analysis of the presented in the study zoonyms that are an interest from the viewpoint of semantics and word formation, it is stressed on both their phonetic and morphological peculiarities, which represent an evidence for the belonging of the researched dialect to the Bulgarian linguistic field. The research is done in dialect context by stressing the bonds between the speech of Rechane and other Bulgarian dialects. The analysis is done entirely based on material that is personally collected by the author himself during the conduct of the candidate student courses of Bulgarian language, Literature, History and Culture for the Bulgarian minority in the Rechane village, Prizrensko, in the period between years 2015-2023.

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Значението ’ям’ като резултат от регулярен развой: семантичен паралелизъм в помощ на етимологичния анализ

Author(s): Krasimira Fuchedzhieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This paper focuses on a group of Bulgarian verbs with the secondary meaning ‘eat’. On the basis of specific lexical material included in the Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary, we observe the recurrent semantic shifts ‘to tuck, to cram’ → ‘to eat a lot’ and ‘to thrust, to poke’→ ‘to eat greedily (and a lot)’ which emerge as regular.We explain the semantic development as the result of metaphorical change. The identified semantic parallels, albeit in this small fragment of lexis, could add to the empirical evidence in the systematic representation of semantic transitions within semantic typological studies. They could assist semantic analysis in etymologizing other verbs with similar secondary meanings and correctly mapping them to a particular etymological nest.

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Темп на речта и темп на артикулацията на българската реч на носители на китайски мандарин, изучаващи български език като чужд

Author(s): Milena Patseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Prosodic aspects of the read speech of Bulgarian and Chinese Mandarin native speakers who are learning Bulgarian as a foreign language are compared. The goal is to analyze the temporal dimensions of their speech, looking for the reasons for the differences and identifying problem areas as guidelines for teaching. With the methods of instrumental phonetics using Praat we measure the total time of reading a text and calculates the values of speech rate (with pauses) and articulation rate (without pauses), as well as the percentage of pauses. The results show that both types of pace are slower in the read speech of Bulgarian as L2. Among the reasons for this are the high rate of duration of pauses and hesitations, the extended time of articulation, the “opening” of syllables by vocalic epenthesis,as well as the lack of reduction of unstressed syllables. The differentiation between stressed and unstressed syllables is reduced, which contributes to the foreign accent of the Chinese speakers.

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Конструкцията Dativus absolutus в старобългарски, староанглийски и готски евангелски текстове

Author(s): Antoaneta Dzhelyova,Maria Anastasova / Language(s): Bulgarian,Gothic Publication Year: 0

We interpret dativus absolutus structurally as a syntactic analytic construction with two major components– a main one (a participle) and a subordinate one (a substantive), and content-wise we treat dativus absolutus as a quasi-subject-quasi-predicate or quasi-object-quasi-predicate syntagm analogous to a subject-predicate syntagm with a finite verb. Dativus absolutus is one of the manifestations of a common typological phenomenon of the Indo-European languages – the expression of predication through a non-finite verb form and a substantive in an oblique case.

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Verbs of transfer of possession in FrameNet

Author(s): Tsvetana Dimitrova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

the paper focuses on the presentation in FrameNet of the predicates describing transfer of possession, with an overview of their semantics and the realization of their arguments. The descriptive part will be followed by an attempt at classifying the frames and a case study on the realization of core and non-core frame elements with prototypical verbs for commercial transfer of possession with a focus on the recipient-like elements.

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Глаголи за емоция и някои фреймови реализации (върху материал от българския език)

Author(s): Hristina Kukova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

he research focuses on verbs of emotion and their conceptual descriptions in Bulgarian. The main aim of the study consists in presenting both theoretical analyses and empirical observations on the behaviour of this class of verbs and their sentential arguments. In order to fulfill the set objectives, the methodology of frame semantics is applied to study the specificity of syntactic constructions involving verbs of emotion, as well as the Bulnet semantic network to outline individual meanings. In this way, we represent, on the one hand, the meanings of the studied verbs with their lexical, morphological and frame information, and, on the other hand, the selective constraints of their frame elements, expressed by specific synonym sets or subtrees of Wordnet.

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Глаголи, свързани с част от тялото – семантични фреймове и селективни ограничения

Author(s): Valentina Stefanova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article focuses on the study of verbs in which the structure one of the nouns can be semantically expressed as body part. Verbs are analyzed in relation to semantic frames, that are grouped hierarchically. Observations are made about the structure of these verbs. Specific selective constraints are proposed to present restrictions of the selected verbs.

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