La lenteur - Actes du colloque international Journées de la Francophonie XXVIe édition, Iași, 20-21 mai 2022
Slowness - Proceedings of the international conference Francophonie Days XXVIth edition, Iași, May 20-21, 2022
Contributor(s): Felicia Dumas (Editor), Florentina VRĂBIUȚĂ (Editor)
Subject(s): Theatre, Dance, Performing Arts, Theoretical Linguistics, Ethics / Practical Philosophy, Aesthetics, Lexis, Descriptive linguistics, Comparative Study of Literature, French Literature, Other Language Literature, Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy of Language, Cultural Anthropology / Ethnology, Psychology of Self, Theory of Literature, Stylistics
Published by: Editura Junimea
Keywords: aesthetic and literary slowness and rhythms; linguistics and anthropology; didactics; French language and literature: Literary creation; Emile Zola; Patrick Modiano; Milan Kundera; Gustave Flaubert; Albert Cossery;
Summary/Abstract: Le présent volume réunit les textes des communications présentées lors du colloque annuel organisé par le Département de Français de la Faculté des Lettres de l’Université « Alexandru Ioan Cuza » de Iași, sous le nom des « Journées de la Francophonie ». En 2022, ce fut la XXVIe édition de cette manifestation scientifique, devenue au fils des années traditionnelle, et attendue avec intérêt par les francophones de la région, du pays et même de nombreuses universités étrangères, partenaires dans différents programmes et échanges internationaux.
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-973-37-2596-1
- Page Count: 470
- Publication Year: 2022
- Language: French
La lenteur
La lenteur
(Slowness)
- Author(s):Simona Modreanu
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Philosophy of Language, Editorial, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:11-12
- No. of Pages:2
- Keywords:sloweness; literature; art; language;
- Summary/Abstract:Longtemps battue en brèche ou carrément chassée par l’écrasante idéologie du progrès linéaire, par la culture de la vitesse et par l’obsession de l’efficacité quantitative, la lenteur revient se glisser dans notre vision du monde et timidement raviver nos principes originaires. Où allons-nous si vite? La précipitation est-elle synonyme de qualité de vie, de travail plus satisfaisant, de grandes idées ou découvertes? Les (franc-)maçons moyenâgeux ne se souciaient guère d’achever les cathédrales dans le courant de leur vie, ils ne travaillaient pas dans le temps, pour le temps, mais bien pour l’éternité. Autrement, on en aurait certainement perdu les traces…
La reconstruction de soi, un exercice de lenteur
La reconstruction de soi, un exercice de lenteur
(Self-reconstruction, an exercise in slowness)
- Author(s):Eleni TATSOPOULOU
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Comparative Study of Literature, Other Language Literature, Psychology of Self, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:15-24
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Simenon; Semprun; slowness; self-reconstruction; examination of conscience; values of life;
- Summary/Abstract:This article focuses on the slow procedure of self-reconstruction in George Simenon’s Les Anneaux de Bicêtre (1963) and Jorge Semprun’s L’Évanouissement (1967). In the first novel, René Maugras, a famous fifty-four year old newspaper editor, suffers a stroke; in the second one, Manuel, a twenty-one year old Spanish resistant fighter living in Paris loses consciousness and falls off a train, while at the same time sustains a serious ear injury. In the cases of both protagonists, with respect to the stages of each’s recovery, there seem to be similarities. First, the two respective protagonists regain consciousness through acute sensory awareness of their surroundings. Next, as they need to make time pass during their recuperation period, they try to keep their minds continually preoccupied. Naturally, one of their first thoughts is meditation on their own death or on the concept of death in general. Besides, they reflect on their lives and examine their conscience. Certain revelations about themselves will lead to feelings of guilt and shame. Therefore, it could be inferred that a sudden turn of events, such as an illness or an accident, may slow down the fast-paced routine and make somebody realize through this experience what the true values of life are.
La création littéraire, entre paresse et procrastination. Le cas d’Alexis Curvers
La création littéraire, entre paresse et procrastination. Le cas d’Alexis Curvers
(Literary creation, between laziness and procrastination. The case of Alexis Curvers)
- Author(s):Catherine Gravet
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature, Source Material
- Page Range:25-39
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:Francophone belgian letters; archives; Alexis Curvers; laziness and procrastination; slow literary creation;
- Summary/Abstract:The edition of the Alexis Curvers’ diary (Liège, 1906-1992) allowed us to discover a man anxious to produce an artwork, a novelist terribly anxious in the face of the blank page. Despite all the reserve and modesty, Curvers admits this anguish: he receives many encouragements but also suffers the reproaches – even the mockery – of his friends, wife, mentors who believe that he does not produce enough or fast enough. He took a long time to finish his masterpiece, Tempo di Roma, finally published in 1957 and when he died, we will find in his drawers only one unfinished novel, although begun shortly after the publication of tempo di Roma, Les Détours obscurs, whose title could be considered a metaphor for the novelist’s writing process.
Lenteur scénique – accélération dramatique: aspects de dramatisation de l’histoire algérienne dans la pièce Les Oranges d’Aziz Chouaki
Lenteur scénique – accélération dramatique: aspects de dramatisation de l’histoire algérienne dans la pièce Les Oranges d’Aziz Chouaki
(Stage slowness – dramatic acceleration: aspects of dramatization of Algerian history in the play Les Oranges by Aziz Chouaki)
- Author(s):Christina Oikonomopoulou
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Theatre, Dance, Performing Arts, Cultural history, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010)
- Page Range:40-53
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:theatre; francophone; slowness; acceleration; scenic and dramatic action; Algeria;
- Summary/Abstract:Our study aims to approach and interpret the notions of scenic slowness and dramatic acceleration in the theatrical play Les Oranges (1998) by the Algerian francophone writer Aziz Chouaki (1951-2019). First, we will try to decipher the identity of the scenic slowness and statism that welcome the anonymous and timeless protagonist of this particular theatrical play. In a second step, we will attempt to put them in relation within the acceleration of the dramatic and extra-scenic action of the play. The rapprochement of these two conditions of the dramatic text and the theatrical performance will lead us to evaluate their significant contribution to the structuring of the major theme of the play, which is seems to be a fascinating and documentary journey -but at the same time full of abundant imagination- of the Algerian history. That said, starting from the idleness of the protagonist and his immobile positioning in an apartment in Alger, Aziz Chouaki will lead us to the discovery of many aspects of the collective memory and the tormented fate of Algeria in the pre-colonial, colonial and postcolonial era. Consequently, we will try to prove that the play Les Oranges by Aziz Chouaki represents not only a dramatized ethno-anthropological portrait of Algeria and its history, but also and especially, the acute problematic of the universal human condition who’s trying to find hope in a happy and peaceful daily life.
La lenteur de la Première gorgée de bière. La nonchalance dans l’écriture de Philippe Delerm
La lenteur de la Première gorgée de bière. La nonchalance dans l’écriture de Philippe Delerm
(The slowness of the first sip of beer. Nonchalance in the writing of Philippe Delerm)
- Author(s):José Domingues de Almeida
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:54-62
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:slowness; fiction; time; Philippe Delerm; everyday life; novel;
- Summary/Abstract:Our study focuses on the treatment and (auto)fiction of the theme of slowness in the poetics of Philippe Delerm, more particularly from the reading of the novel The very first sip of beer. Indeed, from the poetization of small daily gestures, the narrator is part of a nonchalant approach to time and reconciliation of action with immemorial anthropological rhythms.
Poétique de la lenteur dans Souveraineté du vide de Christian Bobin
Poétique de la lenteur dans Souveraineté du vide de Christian Bobin
(Poetics of slowness in Souveraineté du vide by Christian Bobin)
- Author(s):Atmane Bissani
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:63-68
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:slowness; void; love; writing; light;
- Summary/Abstract:Souveraineté du vide by Christian Bobin is, in my opinion, a text of mystical illuminations, which turns the notion of void, a mainly philosophical notion, into a structure able to mobilise other notions such as writing, light, childhood, nostalgy, love and solitude, in such a way that they highlight the notion of slowness and thus they reconcile the human beings with their human nature, by significantly anchoring them into it.
La lenteur chez Henri Bosco. La pratique de la répétition
La lenteur chez Henri Bosco. La pratique de la répétition
(Slowness in Henri Bosco. The practice of repetition)
- Author(s):Farah ZAÏEM
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Aesthetics, French Literature, Phraseology, Stylistics
- Page Range:69-82
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Bosco; style; aesthetics; phrase; repetition;
- Summary/Abstract:The work of Henri BOSCO (1888-1976) is – today – the example of a Provencal meditative, sensory and spiritual literature as it offers an enchanted parenthesis in the 20th century literary landscape, far from the din of the great technological advances or the military-sociopolitical turmoil that occupied his contemporaries. The writer from the Luberon achieved this thanks to a scriptural practice, gradually put in place, which inscribes the processes of slowness in all the strata of the text. An aesthetic of hollowing out and digging is achieved through figures of construction and meaning. This work offers an overview of the evolution of Bosco's writing, of his choice of the figure of repetition as a means of accelerating and then declaring the rhythm of these stories.
L’analepse; les souvenirs mis au service de l’histoire; pour une littérature slow
L’analepse; les souvenirs mis au service de l’histoire; pour une littérature slow
(Analepsis; memories put at the service of history; for slow literature)
- Author(s):Zaid Khaldoon ABDOUN
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Theatre, Dance, Performing Arts, Cultural history, 17th Century, History of Art
- Page Range:83-94
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Analepsis; sacrifice; Racinian theater; chronological order; graced child; nostalgia;
- Summary/Abstract:The analepsis or the flashback is a novelistic narrative process more than theatrical, this technique which slows down the narrative moment to enjoy more the moments of past which push us to taste the beauty of slow literature by returning to the past of the story, to awaken the sad or happy moments of the past. These trembles in chronological order sometimes occur to explain a current action in the story. An action that needs to be clarified. Therefore, the analepsis is justified; clearly clarify an event in the present. Flashback could also show nostalgia when the narrator stops the narration and goes back to the past to properly show a touching and affecting moment in some character's past. It is like an invitation to relive the past and taste the lucidity of the art of narration in classical theater. We observed the existence of this process in the theater of Jean Racine, it was to serve the theatrical intrigue and to reveal the past of the characters to the spectators, reason why, the analepsis is presented as a technique usually used in novels but apparently adapted by the theater in Andromaque and Iphigenia.
La Lenteur de Milan Kundera, le livre qui vient à point
La Lenteur de Milan Kundera, le livre qui vient à point
(The Slowness of Milan Kundera, the book that comes at the right time)
- Author(s):Rym KHERIJI
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Czech Literature, French Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:95-116
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:Milan Kundera; Slowness; speed; French-speaking literature; questioning; literary criticism;
- Summary/Abstract:Slowness, the timely book" is the title of a study which explores Milan Kundera's first novel written directly in French and which raises many questions and even calls into question the writer's fame. Is slowness, as opposed to speed, positive or negative? The author of The Unbearable Lightness of Being finds here another dichotomy expressing in a different way the reflection on lightness and gravity. This allows us to question the scriptural strategies of the most French of Czech authors by probing his novel in many ways very different from the previous ones. What is slow is heavy and what is fast is light. Or would it be the reverse? At the dawn of a new millennium marked by the all-digital and computer speed, and prepared by a 20th century inscribed in the frenetic race for progress, efficiency and performance, Slowness by Milan Kundera seems to enter literature against the tide, even like a hiatus. Does memory resist the speed of passing time? How to escape oblivion when the images are superimposed on the others, erasing one after the other the strata of a strange palimpsest? We first propose to see how the slowness of Kundera is singular. Then, we will try to probe some of the questions proposed in the novel. In a third part, we will try to establish a causal link between the novel and its problematic reception.
Voici venir le temps des origines
Voici venir le temps des origines
(Here comes the time of origins)
- Author(s):Bessem Aloui
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:117-126
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Temporality; slowness; dilation; myth; Sony Labou Tansi;
- Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this work is to think the dilation of time according to the various forms and directions it can take. We will try to demonstrate that time in the work of Sony Labou Tansi is consubstantially linked to origins and myth. I also think that the ritualization of this time refers to a kind of systematized slowness. The sliding of the characters in their "cursed part" makes temporality potentially slow. Time turns into a redemptive force, capable, by its original structure, to resist the excess and to restore any disorder. The slowness is equivalent, in the work of Labou Tansi, to a mythical conception which bathes the described universe in a culture imbricated in myths, allowing, by all means, to escape the speed of the apocalyptic vision often associated with the excess in the text and context. Temporality, in Tansian work, becomes essentially defined by imagination, by fleeing reality and (thus) by settling in the universe of myth.
Peut-être: entre la littérature et la mort, la lenteur d’un tiret
Peut-être: entre la littérature et la mort, la lenteur d’un tiret
(Maybe: between literature and death, the slowness of a dash)
- Author(s):Simona Modreanu
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:127-135
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:peut-être; hyphen; slowness; fatigue; being; différance;
- Summary/Abstract:In The most secret memory of men, the unclassifiable text by the young Senegalese writer Mohamed Mbougar Sarr, Prix Goncourt 2021, there is a most challenging phrase: “Yes, maybe; but life, I added, is nothing but the hyphen of the word maybe (peut-être)”. The two contradictory yet complementary thrusts meet in Sarr's book are like yin-yang, where the bitter yin incorporates a drop of uplifting cheerfulness and the idlely playful yang banters with a spark of metaphysical languor.
Pauses descriptives et effet de ralentissement du récit dans le roman L’Œuvre, d’Emile Zola
Pauses descriptives et effet de ralentissement du récit dans le roman L’Œuvre, d’Emile Zola
(Descriptive pauses and the effect of slowing down the story in the novel L’Œuvre, by Emile Zola)
- Author(s):Liliana Anghel
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Descriptive linguistics, French Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:136-149
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:descriptive pause; slowing-down rhythm of narration; iterative description; symbolic details; landscape effect; impressionistic painting;
- Summary/Abstract:This essay intends to demonstrate that several descriptions of the Parisian landscape in Emile Zola’s novel, Creation, interrupt the plot, the succession of events and slow down both the rhythm of the story and the rhythm of the narrative act, without wearying the reader. Some descriptive passages of the novel seem to develop for themselves, spreading as a break, as recreative moments, which delay the denouement. We will show how, from a description to another, the reader is charmed by the “descriptive pauses”, which are truly impressionistic pictures in prose, and by the highly significant descriptions, full of symbolic details and images, predicting the characters’ destiny.
Encre sympathique et Chevreuse de Patrick Modiano ou la lenteur de la mémoire
Encre sympathique et Chevreuse de Patrick Modiano ou la lenteur de la mémoire
(Encre sympathique and Chevreuse by Patrick Modiano or the slowness of memory)
- Author(s):Elena-Brândușa Steiciuc
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Comparative Study of Literature, French Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:150-158
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Patrick Modiano; memory; identity; thriller; photo; writing activity;
- Summary/Abstract:The two latest novels signed by Patrick Modiano, published în 2019 and 2021 - Encre sympathique and Chevreuse – are built around well-known themes and obsessions of the author: memory/forgetfulness; identity search; teenagers running away, as they don’t have support in life; writing; the photographic art; long flâneries in the urban space, either Parisian or Roman. In these two cases as well, the author uses the thriller formula, which is in fact a pretext which opens the narration. Our aim is to point out how much memory (which is often slow and imperfect) is important in the work of the winner of the Nobel Prize (2014). We also intend to show the way in which, in a very specific manner, writing is connected to identity search (both linguistic and cultural).
Littérature et écologie chez Romain Gary ou l’urgence d’écrire pour le temps long
Littérature et écologie chez Romain Gary ou l’urgence d’écrire pour le temps long
(Literature and ecology by Romain Gary or the urgency of writing for the long term)
- Author(s):Larisa Botnari
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Aesthetics, French Literature, Human Ecology, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:159-173
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:ecology; humanism; aesthetics; ecopoetics; evolution; slowness;
- Summary/Abstract:Through its plot articulated around the hero Morel – defender of elephants threatened with extinction – Romain Gary's The Roots of Heaven could be read as a critique of modern society and its relentless race towards economic expansion. Prix Goncourt 1956, this "first ecological novel" would thus join the current discourses of the movement for degrowth, by promoting a different rhythm (slow and peaceful like that of elephants) and more generally by praising spiritual and cultural values considered outdated and cumbersome, as likely to slow down the acceleration of progress. Among the latter, literature and the writer – another “monstrous survivor of a bygone geological era” – whose role and usefulness should be considered by placing them in the long time of the evolution of the human species, as a horizon still rich in possibilities, in which Gary's work invites us all to continue to believe.
Le laboratoire de création de Gustave Flaubert, une expression de la lenteur, de la patience pour le travail d’orfèvre
Le laboratoire de création de Gustave Flaubert, une expression de la lenteur, de la patience pour le travail d’orfèvre
(Gustave Flaubert's creative laboratory, an expression of slowness and patience for the work of a goldsmith)
- Author(s):Diana Rînciog
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, Theory of Literature, Stylistics
- Page Range:174-180
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:style; creation; research; letters; Benedictine effort;
- Summary/Abstract:Work was a watchword in Gustave Flaubert’s life. The Letters of Gustave Flaubert, considered the laboratory of his fictional creation, “the oeuvre of the oeuvre”, frequently mentions the famous “test of loud declamation” («épreuve du gueuloir»), “the pangs of style” signifying careful consideration while writing for many hours, especially during the night, a genuine modus vivendi. Flaubert endeavours to think deeply in order to write well, since writing well is his aim and he does not hide it; that is why writing a book takes him five years on average! It is his way of purging himself, of being more Olympian. In fact, Flaubert puts in a Benedictine effort, like a jewelry maker, finding the first sentence slowly and with difficulty, at times even summarizing a whole idea, searching the libraries unhurriedly (for his last work, Bouvard and Pécuchet, he had consulted an impressive number of books, about 1500).
Écrire, flȃner, regarder – manières de traduire la lenteur à l’époque romantique
Écrire, flȃner, regarder – manières de traduire la lenteur à l’époque romantique
(Writing, strolling, looking – ways of translating slowness in the Romantic era)
- Author(s):Liliana Foşalău
- Language:French
- Subject(s):18th Century, 19th Century, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:181-188
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:write; wander; look; slowness; literature; romantic age;
- Summary/Abstract:Looking back, Romanticism appears to us as a period in which, despite changes and imbalances, disturbances of all kinds, one could live and write in a rhythm where slowness gave more meaning to actions. In what follows, we propose a synthetic look at the way in which literature reflects the passion for time, both at the thematic and poetic levels, of the new genres that romantic writers promote. To write, to wander, to look, appear to us as ways of mastering time, which is invested with powers that only art possesses, thus protecting the work from any destruction.
Lentes promenades existentielles dans Bouvard et Pécuchet de Gustave Flaubert
Lentes promenades existentielles dans Bouvard et Pécuchet de Gustave Flaubert
(Slow existential walks in Bouvard et Pécuchet by Gustave Flaubert)
- Author(s):Diana Gradu
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, 19th Century, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:189-196
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:slowness; foolishness; Flaubert; Bouvard et Pécuchet; literature; XIX century;
- Summary/Abstract:Published after the author’s death, Bouvard and Pécuchet remains the last masterpiece of Gustave Flaubert. Contrary to the majority of exegeses, I will try to see in this text the slowness behind the feverish activities, the laziness beyond the sterile encyclopaedic enthusiasms, the laissez-faire and the abandonment of any constructive approach. A common existence, conducted “au ralenti”, in favor of contemplation and essential questions about human condition and the universe.
L’amour au ralenti: fleurs et leurres de l’idylle au XIIe siècle
L’amour au ralenti: fleurs et leurres de l’idylle au XIIe siècle
(Love in slow motion: flowers and lures of idyll in the 12th century)
- Author(s):Brîndușa GRIGORIU
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:197-204
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:The Romance of Floire and Blancheflor; medieval art of loving; narrative speed; Neoplatonist reminiscences;
- Summary/Abstract:Slow love is the secret recipe of Floire and Blancheflor’s evergreen Conte, which started in the 1150’s as one of the first and most treasured romances in French literature, destined to a multicentennial career across Europe. It is this hermeneutic hypothesis that we explore in the present article by focusing on the author’s overt appropriation of Neoplatonist reminiscences and by highlighting the correspondence between narrative speed and philosophic positioning in some of the most representative episodes in the heroes’ quest for erotic and ultimately spiritual bliss.
Les fainéants d’Albert Cossery
Les fainéants d’Albert Cossery
(The Lazy People by Albert Cossery)
- Author(s):Radu I. Petrescu
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:205-211
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:Albert Cossery; laziness; work; novel; banausía;
- Summary/Abstract:The present paper focuses on the idiosyncratic personality of the french-speaking Egyptian novelist Albert Cossery ; besides centering on one of his most famous novels, Les fainéants dans la vallée fertile (Laziness in the Fertile Valley), we shall also venture to show some particular positions taken and significative facts in the life of this author, who remains undeservedly unknown, and whose stance against the concept of work is exemplary, through its lifelong consistency and through its utterly suprising and paradoxical succes.
Les épreuves qui ralentissent le destin dans les contes de Madame d’Aulnoy
Les épreuves qui ralentissent le destin dans les contes de Madame d’Aulnoy
(The trials that slow down destiny in the tales of Madame d’Aulnoy)
- Author(s):Ioana-Rucsandra Dascălu
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, 17th Century, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:212-219
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:tale; rythm; parody; description; ellipsis; trials;
- Summary/Abstract:By analyzing two tales of Madame d’Aulnoy in this paper, we propose ourselves to show the way she transforms Apuleius’ consecrated tale Cupid and Psyché through parody (in Gracieuse and Percinet), qualifying it as slow by comparison with the Latin model. Afterwards we focus on the rythm of writing in Gracieuse and Percinet and The Blue Bird, emphasizing the former as an example for descriptive pause (for portraits and other landscapes) and the latter as an example for ellipsis by the shortening of time and space intervals. We also study the trials feminine characters achieve in order to master their own destiny.
Facettes de la paresse chez Proust
Facettes de la paresse chez Proust
(Facets of laziness in Proust)
- Author(s):Maria Tronea
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:220-246
- No. of Pages:27
- Keywords:otium; leisure; pleasures; hedonism; slowness; Œuvre;
- Summary/Abstract:The paper explores the different aspects of otium – leisure – in Marcel Proust’s À la recherche du temp perdu (In Search of Lost Time). Leisure is analyzed as the exquisite pleasure of reading, artistic creation, intellectual carnival or marked by hedonism. The last one is illustrated by a whirlpool of pleasures that the characters get caught into, a vivid image of the Belle Époque society and morals that the narrator, Proust’s spokesperson, describes. He simultaneously reveals the difficult and slow genesis of his work, similar to an alchemic process that ultimately achieves magnum opus – a symbol of recapturing the Lost Time and of the triumph over death.
Rythmes de la lecture publique aux festivals littéraires francophones
Rythmes de la lecture publique aux festivals littéraires francophones
(Rhythms of public reading at French-speaking literary festivals)
- Author(s):Andra NICA
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Theory of Literature, Sociology of Literature
- Page Range:247-256
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:rhythms; literature; public reading; francophone literary festivals;
- Summary/Abstract:Reading aloud shares certain characteristics with theatre, such as breathing techniques, the play on emotions or stage posture, but it differs mainly from the latter by the art of the reader to prepare the text of an intention, according to a literary analysis. As opposed to the solo musician, the reader chooses pieces of literature that he works on like a sound study: his lively reading gives voice to all the nuances of meaning and rhythm of the text to offer the public the most accurate literary interpretation possible. The reader's job is to tame the books and ensure that, without costume or set, listeners see images as they read. The long and precise work of this reading is directly linked to diction, tone, rhythm and breathing. Listening to reading for pleasure, to learn, to let the music of the language take precedence over the meaning of the words is a source of richness and enchantment. The tone of the readers can sensitize the public, making it possible to appeal to the memory, to activate the memories, but also the imagination.
Les flâneurs de Bruges
Les flâneurs de Bruges
(The strollers of Bruges)
- Author(s):Elena Simina Bădărău
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Descriptive linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:257-261
- No. of Pages:5
- Keywords:fascination; description; ritual; scintillation; slowness; mirror;
- Summary/Abstract:Bruges, a special town, similar to Paris, equally fascinates and inspires writers coming from different literary backgrounds. However, it is Georges Rodenbach who discovered its anthropomorphous character. The wanderers have a significant role within the narrative context, their very presence being associated with a quite large number of psychological reasons: pedantry, curiosity, aesthetic pleasure and fascination.
Eugène Ionesco et la philosophie de la lenteur
Eugène Ionesco et la philosophie de la lenteur
(Eugène Ionesco and the philosophy of slowness)
- Author(s):Maria-Luisa Ţuculeanu
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Theatre, Dance, Performing Arts, Cultural history
- Page Range:262-266
- No. of Pages:5
- Keywords:repetition; kinetic art; movement; proliferation; language; dialogue;
- Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this study is to explore in general terms the idea of movement and sloweness in Eugène Ionesco’s plays. By researching the connection regarding language, speech and rhythm it becomes evident that the term encompasses various meanings. In this light, we notice that the material objects gaining a life of their own, increasingly overwhelming the characters, are reaching a point where the language is becoming rarefied or marked by repetitions. The concept of movement must thus be seen as a direct consequence of the spoken text or aimless speech, associated with the proliferation theme in Ionesco’s plays.
La lenteur du regard et sa perte à présent
La lenteur du regard et sa perte à présent
(The slowness of the gaze and its loss now)
- Author(s):Antonia MURARU
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Media studies, Photography, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:267-284
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:slowness; gaze; loss; photography; social media; online;
- Summary/Abstract:We live in a time where waiting, daydreaming and thoroughness have been replaced by haste, celerity, and desire for the absolute speed. Having considered these aspects, this article proposes an analysis regarding the way in which the slowness of the gaze could be abandoned at present. The study follows two distinct steps: firstly, we will observe the slowness of the gaze as it can be identified at Charles Baudelaire, Marcel Proust, and Roland Barthes. Subsequently, by relying on the ideas of these authors, we will investigate if the attentive gaze has been replaced by fugacity. Given the present age where everything is subject to the imperative of speed and where social media has gained a significant role in our existence, in the second part of this paper we will propose several interrogations regarding the loss of the slowness of the gaze at present, referring to the photography published online.
Attente et décor dans la fiction gracquienne
Attente et décor dans la fiction gracquienne
(Waiting and setting in Gracquian fiction)
- Author(s):Cristina Poede
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:285-299
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:expectation; slowness; quest; time; thematic network; scenery;
- Summary/Abstract:Beside Dino Buzzati, Beckett, Kafka or more recently Alessandro Baricco, Julien Gracq will be remembered in the history of Letters as one of the great masters of an essential theme of the twentieth century: expectation. Slowness and waiting could be paradoxical, if we think of the phrenetic rhythms of this period; not only literature but also the iconic arts showed a preference for the images of slowness: from Dali to De Chirico, from Last Year at Marienbad by Resnais to Rendezvous à Bray by Delvaux, the characters evolve in unchangeable landscapes, surprised by their mysterious geometry. The theme of waiting is inscribed in the Graquian chronotope: the flat calm of the Farghestan sea, the unknown volumes of the Ardennes forest which make time weightless, the beach of the Hôtel des Vagues with its imperceptible modifications, the dark villa of Nueil plunged in the forests waving in the wind. The paper aims to identify the linguistic and narrative structures by which Julien Gracq manages to infuse the feeling of expectation in the reader, while impressing an unmistakable tempo on the fiction.
La lenteur, un rythme avoisinant l’éternité
La lenteur, un rythme avoisinant l’éternité
(Slowness, a rhythm approaching eternity)
- Author(s):Emilia Dolcu
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:300-311
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Lived time; acting out; being present oneself; being present for another; serenity; pure duration;
- Summary/Abstract:As human beings, living on Earth, we are connected to terrestrial time, and therefore to the same measurement system, without which we could not communicate with each other. And yet what we communicate is our difference. The author of “Matière et Mémoire”, who makes perception an essential component of Time, makes this clear. Through Bergsonian duration, this lived time, irreducible to measurable time, I propose to reassess slowness, which is a rhythm bordering on eternity, which is therefore not immobility. By wanting to make joy “last”, Jean Giono transmits the same message, a message that I will try to dissect in his two writings, “The man who planted the trees” and “May my joy remain”.
La démarche théorique comme réflexion lente sur la littérature
La démarche théorique comme réflexion lente sur la littérature
(The theoretical approach as a slow reflection on literature)
- Author(s):Iulian-Emil COȚOFANĂ
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Theory of Literature
- Page Range:312-323
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:theory of literature; ways of literature; slowness of theory & literature; critique of capitalism; discipline (of reading), ideology;
- Summary/Abstract:The following text aims to argue for the specificity of the theory of literature as a legitimate and practical type of thought and discourse. Allegedly, theory suffers from the critique of not being a proper practice. The clarifications of the previous title of this text implement a theoretical way of seeking out a perspective. Moreover, reading in general, and literature in particular bring out other facets if one undertakes a slower approach. In this case, we arrive to an important double fact, that of how one reads and how one learns to read. By trying to craft and to test a concept such as the one of discipline (of reading), we are led to find out that literature can have its own ways. But these are generally obliterated or made forgotten due to the framework of capitalism. Our allegation is that the ideology of capitalism affects the subject and its capacities to make literature work beyond the known limits of knowledge and of clichéd discourse. Reflecting slowly upon several points of interest and adopting the time of a theoretical and critical interrogation lead us to remember the acquisitions of theorists that can shed light on the particularity of theorical practice. Due to the relation of postmodernism with capitalism, we also implicitly follow the problem of authenticity whose emancipatory effects are highly kept in the background.
Avant que j’oublie - la lenteur du deuil
Avant que j’oublie - la lenteur du deuil
(Before I forget - the slowness of mourning)
- Author(s):Ana-Mădălina SIMIUC
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, Psychology of Self, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:324-334
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:contemporary; French literature; grief; family; oblivion; moving on;
- Summary/Abstract:This article discusses grieving and the amount of time needed to come to terms with the death of a loved one. I decided to illustrate this by using the bond between two kids and their deceased father. This article focuses on how to take your time after you lose someone and how you need to process all of your emotions in order to be able to move on. It is because of this that broken people and broken relationships are portrayed. The fear of forgetting is one of the leitmotifs that you will find in this piece.
Le discours littéraire hybride - forme de lenteur dans le roman postmoderniste. Précipitation de la narration versus lenteur de l’essai dans les romans d’Éric Emmanuel Schmitt
Le discours littéraire hybride - forme de lenteur dans le roman postmoderniste. Précipitation de la narration versus lenteur de l’essai dans les romans d’Éric Emmanuel Schmitt
(Hybrid literary discourse - form of slowness in the postmodernist novel. Haste in the narration versus slowness in the essay in the novels of Éric Emmanuel Schmitt)
- Author(s):Marilena BANU
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:335-346
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Postmodernism; hybrid; essay; narration; introspection; slowness;
- Summary/Abstract:Starting from the difficulty of defining postmodernism, of setting its boundaries with modernism and anti-modernism, which implies a slowness of literary theory, we decided to see how the preference for hybrids specific to postmodernism impacts the writing of novels. The intertwining of the narrative and the essay requires a certain rhythm of reading implying the pleasure of immersing yourself in the story and the desire to find the meanings. The slowness given by the difficulty of defining postmodernism is transmitted in postmodernist works through hybrid discourse. Eric-Emmanuel Schmitt's work is an example of the intersection between the precipitation of the narration and the slowness of the essay, even if his work is intended to be a merry, playful one. The proposed essay themes are profound and require a slow reading to deepen the meanings.
Pauses commentatives ou comment ralentir le récit dans le roman de Denis Diderot, Jacques le Fataliste et son maître
Pauses commentatives ou comment ralentir le récit dans le roman de Denis Diderot, Jacques le Fataliste et son maître
(Commentary breaks or how to slow down the story in Denis Diderot's novel, Jacques le Fataliste et son maître)
- Author(s):Ana-Elena Costandache
- Language:French
- Subject(s):French Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:347-356
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:protagonist; story; slowdown; event; narrator; time;
- Summary/Abstract:The time of Jacques’ love stories… little adventures that every reader looks forward to. Whether it is the pleasure of the text told in a more or less determined duration and in a variety of tones (comic, serious or pathetic), the story of the adventures of Jacques the fatalist becomes the leitmotif of the novel having the homonymous title. But when would they be told? How to move them forward when the protagonists (master and valet) are always on the same road, when time seems to slow down each time you are about to move forward, as the saying goes ”get up with a light foot and go away quietly”? The reader is subject to the same expectation as the Master of the protagonist, having fun at the sight of his valet who takes the trouble to consider himself a formidable philosopher, but who never manages to bring his memoirs to a successful conclusion. We propose, by the present study, a fine analysis of the technique of the slowing down of the story and the commentary pauses inserted in the main narration, to better understand and observe the diegetic levels of the narration and the frequency of the author’s interventions, fact that makes the narrative thread of Diderot’s novel slower.
Lenteur et vitesses des courtisanes
Lenteur et vitesses des courtisanes
(Slowness and speed of courtesans)
- Author(s):Virgil Borcan
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Epistemology, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:357-359
- No. of Pages:3
- Keywords:axes of modalization; temporality; narrative speed; diegesis; omniscient narrator; slowness;
- Summary/Abstract:One does not read the Iliad in ten years, nor Joyce's Ulysses in one day. From Monte Cristo to the New Novel, the narrator modulates the temporal axis of the diegesis according to his taste, his epistemological competence, the horizon of expectation of the public. This is also the case of the Comédie humaine, whose narrative "gearbox" we propose to dismantle in order to extract the polymorphic face of a narration that cannot be reduced to simple omniscience.
Alphabétisation en langue étrangère: art de la lenteur, de la lente heure
Alphabétisation en langue étrangère: art de la lenteur, de la lente heure
(Literacy in a foreign language: the art of slowness, of the slow hour)
- Author(s):Rosine SCHAUTZ
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Cognitive linguistics, Educational Psychology, Pedagogy
- Page Range:363-368
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:expect; learn; settled; shift; speak;
- Summary/Abstract:This essay outlines the “prospect” of a teaching practice, conducted in Geneva. It will outline a method addressed to illiterate non-French-speaking adults, recently arrived in Switzerland. As survivors of history and geography tragedies, they are quite shattered, cognitively and psychologically. Slowness in a literacy class is the cardinal point to take into account. Nothing goes fast, everything must be taken up again and again, rephrased, communication situations must be endlessly replayed. Slowness here is synonymous with patience, perseverance. And this is fully accepted. Why? Because these students have worked in jobs that require a certain amount of time: farmers, pearlers, weavers, fishermen, cooks, mothers with many pregnancies... Where does this audience come from? From almost all parts of the world, Asia, Africa, Europe, Latin America. This slowness is illustrated here with concrete cases, and to enter further into the specificity of literacy in foreign countries, a documentary film, Nationalité: écrire, shot in the classroom, is visible on www.alpha-ville.ch.
La promotion de l’amazighe entre lenteur et précipitation
La promotion de l’amazighe entre lenteur et précipitation
(The promotion of Amazigh between slowness and haste)
- Author(s):Najoua El Borji
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Sociolinguistics, Sociology of Culture, Ethnic Minorities Studies
- Page Range:369-381
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:amazigh; multilingualism; promotion; precipitation; challenges;
- Summary/Abstract:This communication focuses on the actions carried out by the Amazigh Cultural Movement to promote their mother language (Amazigh or Berber) and the decisions that have been taken by the State in order to integrate, in a rather hasty way, Berber into the dynamic sectors of society. Its status has changed, but its use and representations are stagnating.
Dérivés suffixaux en -er, -iser et -isation: quel rythme, quelle vitalité ?
Dérivés suffixaux en -er, -iser et -isation: quel rythme, quelle vitalité ?
(Suffix derivatives in -er, -iser and -isation: what rhythm, what vitality?)
- Author(s):Mihaela Lupu
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Media studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Lexis, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:382-400
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:French; online press; online dictionaries; French suffixes; -er; -iser; -isation; lexical creations;
- Summary/Abstract:In this paper we will show with examples that the French language has many lexical resources that allow it to adapt flexibly to the appearance of scientific, technical, conceptual, etc. novelties. Not only is French not “frozen”, as some voices are claiming, but it possesses the means to create new words, especially nouns and verbs, that complete the rich existing paradigms. The verbal suffixes -iser, rarely -er, as well as the noun suffix -isation, are very productive nowadays. The corpus that we will analyze in this paper consists mainly of titles of articles found in the present-day online press from France and French-speaking Switzerland. Beside the linguistic presentation of the new words, we will also mention if several French dictionaries available online have already integrated these words given their frequency on the Internet. The comparison between the use of the new words in the online press and their reception in different online dictionaries shows that in many cases the evolution of the language is faster than lexicographic policies.
La patience chrétienne et la perception du temps dans la lenteur. Une analyse discursive
La patience chrétienne et la perception du temps dans la lenteur. Une analyse discursive
(Christian patience and the perception of time slowly. A discursive analysis)
- Author(s):Felicia Dumas
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Christian Theology and Religion, Lexis, Semantics, Eastern Orthodoxy
- Page Range:401-413
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:patience; Orthodox tradition; French language; slowness; endurance; eternal life;
- Summary/Abstract:The present article proposes a discursive approach to the notion of patience such as it is used in French hagiographic narratives. Based on a semantic analysis of the nouns patience and longanimité (“forbearance”), it highlights the eschatological dimension associated to the practice of the Christian virtue designed by the first lexeme and the spiritual impact of its meaning. It is the actualization of this meaning in different discursive contexts that is the object of our analysis, with a view to the perception of time seized in its slowness, via endurance. Our corpus is made up by the Orthodox Synaxarion in usage at the Monastery of Saint-Antoine-le-Grand (in France), which represents an abridged version of the Synaxarion. Lives of the Saints of the Orthodox Church by Hieromonk Makarios of Simonos Petra (the most complete French Synaxarion, well known in French and Francophone Orthodox milieus).
Lenteur et persévérance dans le développement de la lexicographie bilingue des glossaires au format numérique
Lenteur et persévérance dans le développement de la lexicographie bilingue des glossaires au format numérique
(Slowness and perseverance in the development of the bilingual lexicography of glossaries in digital format)
- Author(s):Maria-Alexandra FERCAL
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Theoretical Linguistics, Modern Age, Lexis, Historical Linguistics
- Page Range:414-431
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:lexicography; bilingualism; slowness; glossaries; digital; diachrony;
- Summary/Abstract:In this study we propose to make a diachronic presentation on the appearance and evolution of bilingual lexicography in our country, from the 17th century. In order to create a clearer picture on this topic, we need to understand what the first lexicographical works were. First of all, we will focus on the dictionaries and glossaries that marked the beginning of the lexicographic activity in our country. We will then indicate some pioneering works in particular fields, published between the 16th and 19th centuries. At the end of the 19th century, respectively the 20th century, bilingual dictionaries will begin to occupy a secondary place in Romanian lexicography, to the detriment of unilingual explanatory dictionaries, but they will change their format in order to still satisfy practical needs (those of small size as tourist guides, medium-sized ones as auxiliaries in education and the large ones as support in scientific research). The change continues even nowadays, but this time from the point of view of writing dictionaries, by changing from the paper format to the digital one.
Le « hygge », la recette danoise du bonheur
Le « hygge », la recette danoise du bonheur
(“Hygge”, the Danish recipe for happiness)
- Author(s):Raluca Cristina Dragomir
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:432-442
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:hygge; happiness; simplicity; comfort; life philosophy; well-being;
- Summary/Abstract:Denmark is often ranked as the happiest country in the world, obtaining the first place in the World Report on Happiness in three of the last five years. Denmark is doing a fantastic job reducing the stress of life for its inhabitants. But that does not necessarily separate Denmark from other Nordic countries, like Norway, Sweden, Finland or Iceland, whose residents enjoy a similar quality of life. The secret ingredient of the Danes' happiness is their obsession with "hygge" (pronounced HOO-gah) which translates into a feeling of comfort, conviviality and well-being. It is mainly about warmth, comfort, slowness, intimacy, rusticity and simplicity. Hygge reaffirms a need for stability and harmony within the narrow framework of our private space. It is a philosophy of the moment that attaches to small things and is addressed to everyone without any idea of upheaval or revolt. To live hygge, you have to rejoice in the simple things, accept and love what you already have. In this article, we are going to analyze this concept starting from the work of Meik Wiking, The Book of Hygge.
Valeurs éthiques du concept de ville lente
Valeurs éthiques du concept de ville lente
(Ethical values of the slow city concept)
- Author(s):Marius-Octavian Munteanu
- Language:French
- Subject(s):Ethics / Practical Philosophy, Ontology
- Page Range:443-469
- No. of Pages:27
- Keywords:cittàslow; ethos; branding; slow; ethical values;
- Summary/Abstract:This article aims to highlight the ethical values of the concept of the slow city, values which are underpinned by digital discourse (official websites of the cities being members of this movement). A rhetorical construction, but above all, a social reconstruction of the image of the contemporary city in accordance with the values and aspirations of the human being seen as imago mundi, the image of the social community to which he belongs. A reconstruction that has at its heart a fundamental coordinate of the human being and of the anthropic space - Time, an essential value that has been hijacked and has become a stressful, anxiety-provoking and spiritually corrosive factor in the contemporary urban universe. We will base our discursive analysis on pre-existing theoretical constructs - the concepts of individual ethos, prior and discursively constructed ethos, collective ethos - and, above all, the analyzed key concept of the slow city - a contemporary urban ontology circumscribed to environmental concerns, sustainable development, participatory democracy, the revaluation of the local economy to the detriment of the global one.