ОТРИЦАТЕЛЬНЫЕ СТРУКТУРЫ В ЭВФЕМИСТИЧЕСКОЙ ФУНКЦИИ В РУССКОМ И ПОЛЬСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ

Author(s): Halina Kudlińska / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2015

The paper is devoted to the study of euphemization and as a pragmalinguistic category and also an indirect communication strategy with the ameliorating intent, i.e., as a means of ensuring the communication comfort and eliciting cooperation with the receiver. In the present study, a specific euphemistic device, “euphemization through negation”, in the Polish and Russian linguocultures is analyzed. Explicit and implicit models of euphemistic negation implemented in various structures and at different language levels (words, phrases, and sentences) are distinguished. Comparative analysis of this type of understatement is carried out. Its fundamental structural characteristics are indicated. The analysis reveals significant structural parallels between the Russian and Polish languages with respect to the type of euphemisms under consideration, although certain differences can also be observed. The use of negative structures in the euphemistic function is motivated by the intention to tone down the categorical character of statements.

СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ ЭВФЕМИЗАЦИИ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО ДИСКУРСА В РУССКОМ И НЕМЕЦКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ

Author(s): Rimma Abelkhayerovna Safina,Diana Rashidovna Khadeeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2015

The paper regards comparative studying of the semantic devices of euphemization used in Russian and German political texts. Based on the public speeches of the political leaders of Russia and Germany, the distinctive features and general functions of political euphemisms as effective means to conceal the genuine sense of utterances are revealed. The most frequent semantic means of negative meaning reduction are found in both languages. They are the usage of lexemes with diffusive semantics, metaphors, diplomatic clichés, and collocations, as well as the introduction of lexemes with positive connotations, etc. The differential and common for both languages tendencies of political discourse euphemization are determined.

КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЙ АСПЕКТ СОВМЕСТНОЙ ТВОРЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ МЕДИАДИСКУРСА)

Author(s): Roza Ahmetovna Karimova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2015

This paper analyzes the structure of the media discourse by the example of a release of the TV program (“Rules of Life”) on the Russian TV channel “Culture”. The communicative strategies of TV program participants, model of linguistic identity, and ways to express emotional attitudes to situations are discussed in detail. The analysis of the media space arrangement demonstrates that the structure of statements made by TV program participants labels them as bearing a certain type of speech culture.

ЭСТЕТИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ИМЁН ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ В ЯЗЫКЕ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ ПРОЗЫ А.С. СЕРАФИМОВИЧА

Author(s): Kamily Eduardovna Sadrieva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2015

The paper analyzes the aesthetic meaning of adjectives in A.S. Serafimovich’s prose. The most typical groups of adjectives are singled out based on their semantic and functional features, which are analyzed considering the main idea and problems of the prose works, as well as the author’s view of the world. Special attention is paid to the syntagmatic relations between adjectives and dependent nouns. The influence of a particular linguistic context on the semantic and emotional contents of adjectives is investigated. The semantic relations between parts of complex words are discussed. Occasionalisms used by A.S. Serafimovich are distinguished.

КОНЦЕПТ БОГАТСТВО В ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ КАРТИНЕ ПОВЕСТИ Ф.М. ДОСТОЕВСКОГО «ДЯДЮШКИН СОН»

Author(s): Svetlana Gregoryevna Safonova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2015

The paper discusses verbal manifestation of the concept of wealth in F.M. Dostoevskii’s novella “Uncle’s Dream”. The content of the concept in the novella is studied in accordance with the field structure of the concept: core; close and far peripheries. It is proved that the peripheries reflect the peculiarities of F.M. Dostoevskii’s concept of wealth and the specifics of the artistic image of reality in the novella “Uncle’s Dream”. The implementation of the concept of wealth in the novella indicates F.M. Dostoevskii’s individual perception of the phenomenon expressed by it. The study of the concept allows to reconstruct the artistic image of the world in the novella and the idiostyle of the author.

Словоредните различия между българския и руския език – източник на синтактична интерференция

Author(s): Elena Hadjieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

The word order of Bulgarian sentence has common general principles with the other Slavic languages, but is also characterized by its specific features. Reflecting the logical criteria of thinking the word order is one of the most stable features of linguistic reality. The article discusses the reasons for the difficulty in mastering the Bulgarian word order features by foreigners – native Russianс. It is emphasized that tha unsufficient knowledge of the foreign language system on the one hand, and the intervention of native-language habit, on the other hand, are the factors that shape this interference phenomenon characterized by significant stability and consistency in the practice of language learners. The process is further complicated when learning a foreign language system is akin significant number of linguistic phenomena and categories overlap in the native and the foreign language, and regarding to the other – there are no structural equivalents. The learning of word order features of the target language is a prerequisite for building a good linguistic competence and thus follows the formation of communicative ability in learners, that is the main purpose of foreign language learning.

Именни фрази с адноминален демонстратив в анафорична функция в новогръцкия език в съпоставка с определените именни фрази

Author(s): Irina Strikova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

The paper presents a study regarding demonstrative noun phrases in anaphora in Modern Greek in comparison to definite descriptions. After outlining the semantic features of the two determiners, some of the functions of demonstrative noun phrases in discourse are discussed, including identification, modification, focus shift, topic establishment and expressive function. For some of these functions quantitative data are provided from a corpus of Greek newspaper articles.

Le discours de la presse écrite francophone algérienne: analyse des innovations linguistiques

Author(s): Iddou Samira / Language(s): French Issue: 3/2017

The lexicon of languages spoken in Algeria, namely the French, is constantly evolving. The corollary of democracy: freedom of opinion and expression make the transitional period (1988-1990) with the emergence of independent media, such as the private press in particular, a good time to creativity activity of new words. This mutation, especially media that knows Algeria for more than thirty years, has a direct impact on the dynamics and the evolution of language practices among journalists.

L’innovation pédagogique

Author(s): Jamal El Kafi / Language(s): French Issue: 3/2017

Le cœur de la mission d’un établissement d’enseignement est l’apprentissage. Cet article met l’accent sur la notion de pédagogie innovante. La pédagogie centrée sur l’enseignant, sur la base des cours et des manuels scolaires, a été supplantée par la pédagogie centrée sur l’apprenant, ce qui valorise l’apprentissage en raison de la participation active de cet apprenant. Les apprenants, quelque soit leurs âges, sont des «natifs du numérique». Beaucoup d’expériences d’apprentissage en vers les apprenants semblent hors de propos, presque surréalistes, parce que la pédagogie est d’une époque où un produit standardisé devait être réalisé à partir d’une entrée standardisée aussi (les apprenants). L’on doit absolument rompre avec cette pédagogie pour être en phase avec la société d’aujourd’hui et se soucier de quoi nos apprenants auront besoin pour faire carrière et vivre dans un 21e siècle en changement permanent. Presque tout laisse à prévoir une utilisation de plus en plus accrue de la technologie.

Colloque international “Le cours de linguistique générale et les sciences du langage en Europe orientale”

Author(s): Emilie Wyss,Richard Medlinger,Aude Medico / Language(s): French Issue: 3/2017

Обучение в междукултурно общуване и литература

Author(s): Mina Hubenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

This paper attempts to put forward some problems of foreign language teaching in relation to cross-cultural communication. The introduction of cross-cultural issues in foreign language teaching is a logical consequence of the integrative tendencies which are getting more and more popular. The new circumstances require a different attitude towards the learners They should be viewed as subjects of their own culture on the one hand, and as representatives of the foreign culture through the language studied, on the other hand. The problem is discussed in terms of its cognitive, emotional and pragmatic dimensions. The acquisition of proper language communication is placed within the context of cross-cultural education.

Функционалната граматика на М. Халидей за определяне на елементите от тематичното поле в българското просто изречение

Author(s): Elisaveta Balabanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

The text uses the Functional Grammar of M. A. K. Halliday (Halliday, 1985; Halliday & Mathiessen, 2004) and the definition of Halliday as the topic being this that the speaker decides to make a starting point of his message. Using this definition in a corpus, comprising of only first paragraphs of contemporary Bulgarian fiction, we make conclusions about which sentence parts are most commonly used as a topic. A hierarchy of the most common sentence parts, which function as topic, is defined. The conclusions show that the referentiality and the syntactic features of the sentence elements are the reasons for an element to function as a topic.

Потенциальные явления в грамматике современного русского языка (вторичные имперфективы)

Author(s): Boris Yustinivich Norman / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2017

The present article is concerned with potential grammatical facts of modern Russian. The verbs with imperfective meaning (secondary imperfectives), i.e. обуславливать, оспаривать, уполномачивать, обезбаливать etc., are considered as such. In terms of language development, secondary imperfectives actively expand their sphere of usage; which is shown in graphs and tables. Special attention is given to the phonemic alternation of о and а in verbal roots. In this way both suffixation (suffix -ива-) and internal inflection (о/а) co-occur in this process. It is concluded that grammatical function of imperfectivation outweighs, wins over the unity of phonological structure of the word.Similar phenomena in Bulgarian (написвам, отшумявам etc.), where secondary imperfectivation is regarded as a clear manifestation of grammaticalization, serve as a background for imperfectives in Russian.

Профессиональная методическая подготовка молодых русистов в Европе

Author(s): Galina Shamonina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2017

This paper deals with the examples of good practice of the popular scientific event – The International Qualification School “Modern Educational Technologies in Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language” in Varna. Methodological training for the implementation of innovations in the process of teaching is an important part of the professional qualification of a modern foreign language teacher. The development of young Russian teachers’ innovative competence is connected with the optimization of their work and the development of learners’ creative potential.

Дидактически компетентности

Author(s): Neli Miteva,Natalia I. Vitanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 7/2017

One of the important aspects of the learning process is the issue related to the readiness of teachers for its effective organization. This article is an attempt to determine the place of didactic competence in the structure of professional and pedagogical competence of the teacher, as well as to define the term „didactic competence“ and make a theoretical analysis of studies on this issue to date.

Членуване на съществителни нарицателни имена от мъжки род с пълен и с кратък член. Практическо-прагматичен подход

Author(s): Galya Hristozova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2017

Analyzed are some important rules of suffixing common masculine nouns ending in consonants with definite and indefinite articles. Identified are some typical mistakes. The approach to the problem is practical and pragmatic. Suggested are various ways of checking mistakes without unnecessary theorizing. The aim is to develop mechanisms for practical actions that will facilitate the suffixing of nouns with definite and indefinite articles.

За интерпретирането на иносказателността на фразеологичните единици в процеса на обучението по бъларски език като чужд

Author(s): Vesela Shushlina / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2017

The present paper aims at presenting some of the possible approaches to understanding the ingenuity of the various phraseologies when they are introduced in the process of studying Bulgarian as a foreign language.The development of certain skills to use Bulgarian set phrases is considered a process that takes place in three stages, each of which has a specific purpose and requires a specific approach. The study also includes appropriate tasks and exercises suitable for each of these stages, which aim at improving the receptive and productive skills of Bulgarian language learners when mastering the phraseologies.

„Малкото голямо четене“ – и в урока по български език (начален училищен етап)

Author(s): Mariana Mandeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The idea spread in school practice that reading is mainly in literature lesson, is unacceptable for achieving an educational result adequate to the challenges of modern world and to present and future child’s needs. Considering this, the problem of the “little big reading” is treated beyond the literature education – and in Bulgarian languagelessons too (primary school stage).

Проблеми на функционално-стилистичния подход в обучението по български език в прогимназиалния училищен етап

Author(s): Pencho Rayanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2017

The need for functional and stylistic approach in Bulgarian language training is determined by the implementation of a comprehensive program for practical mastery of the characteristics of different language styles skills for most purposeful selection of means of expression. Therefore, the functional style is only part of the language. It examines linguistic means, sign language in different spheres of human activity. The correctness of speech is essential, but not only important condition for the quality of speech. The selection of the means of expression in the flow of speech is carried out in a practical way mostly by the functional differentiation.

Дефиниране на понятието „учебно-помощни издания на класическата литература“

Author(s): Malina Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2017

The educational aids of literary classics are a specific publishing product with its own vision, history and typological features, distinguishing it from other related to them study books. A socially significant publishing segment, which receives more attention from the state. Publications with an institutional character, complex in their terms of design, structure, composition and function. Interesting and distinctive publishing products that do not fit into traditional typology schemes, that rank among the leaders in the publishing industry by number of titles and drawings and occupy one of the main places in the securing of the modern literature education. This allows us to talk about them as an independent publishing niche with an important role in raising the level of literary culture and education in society.In the present text we will try to reveal the multidimensional content of an almost unexplained publishing phenomenon in our country. It should be noted that, despite their long-standing historical presence and their important place in the publishing practice and the book market, educational aids of literary classics have not been a subject of a complete typological, historical-cultural and publishing analysis. In the text here we prove the essence and uniqueness of the educational aids of literary classics and classify them as: a type of study book which complements and expands the textbook and is in line with the study program. A publication that aims to cover everything from Bulgarian and foreign literature, which is studied in the secondary school. An auxiliary publishing product from which it is expected to create an opportunity for enhancing student’s literary education. A specific publishing product, independent within the publishing tradition and practice. Hybrid type, distinguished by its own approach by structuring the text and selecting paratexts. Publications that have become a particular segment in both academic and literary book publishing. Successful publishing projects that we consider to be an independent publishing phenomenon with an important role in the literary education.