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The Ballad of Songbirds and Snakes by Suzanne Collins, or the Redemption (?) of Coriolanus Snow

Author(s): Alexandra Roxana MĂRGINEAN / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The starting point for this analysis is that Coriolanus Snow is a character that has not beencapitalized on fully in the trilogy of The Hunger Games, leaving us with a sense ofincompleteness, as far as the narrative, emotional and psychological potentialitiesconnected with him, as well as, perhaps, a feeling that this unexploited potential has donehim injustice. The introduction to the study, called Relay, puts this notion forth, lookingback (or, rather, forward, in the chronology of the story) to the context of the trilogy’sending, to see what avenues of meaning it has opened to cause this sense in both thereceiver of the work and in its author, since Collins decided upon a prequel. Then, once wehave established that Coriolanus Snow is the highlight of the research and explained thepotential rationale behind that, the next section looks into the biography of the character,relying on the logic that his background and origin of his family, as well as significantevents in his early life, which turn out to be highly traumatic, may delineate some traits ofcharacter that he sets out with in the journey of his life and becoming. The third partfocuses on elements that may be considered as links with the trilogy, i.e. aspects that arehighly symbolical and rich in signification and which will go through a type of flourishmentlater on, holding the skeleton for the interpretation of the whole story. This part reveals theother directing line in our research, or other interest, but the scrutiny into these aspects isalways related with the character Snow, shedding light on his future way of being as well.The conclusions reiterate the ideas stated previously with respect to Snow’s personality andaspects that connect the prequel with the trilogy, also highlighting the focal protagonist’sevolution. We conclude that Coriolanus Snow’s becoming is influenced by his traumaticpast, but mainly and mostly, as far as its negative turns, by the politics and morals of TheCapitol.

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The acquisition of English phrasal verbs A teaching perspective

Author(s): Madalina Mantescu (Adam) / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

To help students learn the intricate field of phrasal verbs, we, as teachers, should rely on the cognitivist view according to which the meaning of the phrasal verbs is given by the idiomatic, metaphorical meaning of the particles. By teaching the meanings associated with frequently used particles as George Yule suggests, we will offer students a better understanding of decoding various particles and thus, of uncovering “the mystique which surrounds multi – word verbs for many learners”. Futhermore, teachers should focus on enhancing students’ collocative competence by providing them practice based on “word forks”, namely schemata that give all the objects which match a phrasal verb. “Word forks” appeal to the long-term associative memory of the learners, making phrasal verbs part of our active vocabulary. Thirdly, teachers should facilitate the acquisition of phrasal verbs in the classroom by providing texts with a high frequency of phrasal verbs in them (Thornbury). Students need to be encouraged to discover the meaning of the phrasal verbs relying on the context (guided discovery) and if these positive routines are kept for a long – time basis, the reception of such target structure is going to be enhanced. On the other hand, for more advanced students, we stress the importance of learning grammar as a receptive skill and devising exercises and activities which are meant to teach the syntactic properties of the phrasal verbs in an explicit manner, explicit instruction which containds both positive and negative evidence. In later stages of teaching phrasal verbs, encouraging free production of phrasal verbs in daily, authentic, spoken and written tasks, will boost students’ creativity and integrate the “intricate” phrasal verbs in their active vocabulary.

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The acquisition of medio – passive constructions - A teaching perspective

Author(s): Madalina Mantescu (Adam) / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The aim of the present paper is to examine how Romanian learners of English acquire theEnglish medio -passive constructions. The hypothesis is that since the domain of theEnglish middles is restricted, language-specific and a subset of their Romanianequivalents, the English middles are hard to acquire for the Romanian learners. Theprediction was that this would lead to negative transfer which would further result in errorsand avoidance of the target structure. The prediction was tested by means of agrammaticality-judgement task and a translation task, the subjects being Philology studentswho have studied the structure previously and High School students who have not studiedthe structure yet. The tendency in both groups was to judge the English middles in generalas illicit, using the avoidance strategy.This proves that acquiring the English middle is difficult for the Romanian learners ofEnglish and that in order to acquire these language specific properties, the Romanianlearners of English need explicit instruction with both negative and positive evidence in theinput.

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The Terminology of Pedagogy in the Facebook Age

Author(s): Cristina NICULESCU-CIOCAN / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Considering that people belonging to different age categories have changed and will continuously be subjected to change, science also needs to undergo various stages in order to meet the current and future needs of people and social groups. Therefore, both categories of participants in the educational process - learners and teachers – need to shift their focus from the classical elements and methods or to adjust them and to adjust themselves to the new pedagogy and the new educational context, which we shall name the FB age pedagogy within the current paper. It is basically a matter of communication, as many pedagogical processes rely on some form of interaction between teacher and learner.

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Zuleiha deschide ochii către sine

Author(s): Ana-Mihaela Istrate / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2019

The novel “Zuleiha opens her eyes” by Guzel Iahina is the novel of the inner fight and of the scream of help of the 1.803.392 people who were deported on the entire territory of the Russian Empire, during the period 1930-1931. It is the authentic novel, based on real heroes, which decodes the complicated period, full of poverty and unfairness, of an entire generation of people, sometimes wrongly called kulaks. The main character of the novel, Zuleiha, is a heroine who represents the key of the novel, the engine who pushes forward the action, to the limits of Siberia, in a colony of deported people. She is also the receptacle of permanent unhappiness, as she is constantly under a regime of violence near her husband Murtaza, and later on under the violence of Ignatov, the killer of her husband and commander of the colony of deported people. Although fictional, the novel is the book of an entire generation, where we can rediscover grandparents and grand grandparents, among the dark stories of the Bolshevik cruelty and despair caused by poverty and famine. But what really surprises is the fact that “Zuleiha opens her eyes” is a luminous novel, full of optimism, revealing the strength of a Tatar woman, able to overcome the difficulties of life, to forgive and forget and continue, until she finds her inner peace, in a world and during some petrified times, similarly to the souls of those who had been able to put in practice this diabolic plan of the communist collectivization.

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Geschlechterrollen im DaF-Unterricht. Eine Analyse der Serie Planetino.

Author(s): Ana Maria Neacșu / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2019

Foreign languages help adults as well as children to expand their cultural and personal boundaries. They can open new horizons by exposing people to new cultures. But what happens when course books present a stereotypical world from which children learn what roles are assigned to each gender? My research exposes the stereotypes in the Planetino series and the extent to which gender roles are presented to learners as something permanent.

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Acțiunile interpretativ-comunicative ale competenței lingvistice

Author(s): Ludmila Nedu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

In order to offer an overall image of the notion of linguistic competence, as a specific concept of learning Romanian language by the Gagauz students, it is necessary to present a set of criteria with regard to this concept. Linguistic competence is represented by the phonetic, lexical and grammatical knowledge and acquisition of Romanian language. The pre-learning strategies of Romanian for Gagauz students focuses on the specific interpretative-communicative actions. Social diversity of the contexts in which the communication of the Gagauz student can be valorized, can help him/ her understand the capacity to correctly interpret the “textualization” of the information.

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Terminological Entry in Animal Science Language

Author(s): Izabela Oprea / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Recently, the number of works centred upon terminological entries has multiplied, a great number of linguists showing interest in this field. Nevertheless, concerning animal science language, terminological entries aren’t studied enough. Thus, we aim at presenting in our work a trial of delimitating certain phrases and terms which are very important for animal science specialists and students, making comparisons between words and terms. Consequently, we will present significant information on general lexicon in order to conclude with animal science lexicon. Our work will comprise the following stages: 1. definition of terminological entries and conveying a short history; 2. extraction of phraseological units candidates to the terminological unit status; 3. application of Cabré (1998)’s principles.

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Revisiting the Principles of the Adult Learning Theory

Author(s): Roxana Bîrsanu ,Ilda Kanani / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

In the last decade, adult learning has been a constant topic of education research, particularly in the context of the impetus of instruction targeted at adults brought about by rapid technical advancements, increasing intercultural interactions and a constant changing work environment, all of which compel professionals to embrace lifelong learning as a constant coordinate of their active life. In this light, this paper revisits the andragogical model proposed by American researcher Malcolm Knowles from the perspective of its applications in adult learning classrooms. Moreover, it touches upon a number of obstacles encountered in the instruction process addressing adults, analysing their impact upon adults’ decision to enrol in and commit to instruction programs.

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Corelarea conceptului de inteligență culturală (CQ) cu șocul cultural, la studenții internaționali înmatriculați în anul pregătitor de limba română

Author(s): Ana Mihaela Istrate / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

The concept of cultural intelligence (CQ) represents the ability of the individuals to relate and act efficiently in cultural contexts different from the ones in which students usually act. Although traditionally the concept of cultural intelligence 9CQ) measures the intellectual performance, in contexts related especially to the economic field, allowing the successful accomplishment of contacts between culturally different business people, it can represent a starting point and support for the correlation of indicators such as empathy, ttrust, emotional intelligence, in the case of international students who choose to study Romanian as a foreign language, as a starting point of their future career. The present study starts from the definition of culture shock for international students that choose to study in a totally different cultural environment from the national one, explaining different stages that they experience, offering information about the techniques for the successful management of this experience and an analysis if the way in which culture shock can be correlated with cultural intelligence (CQ). The research is based on the specific case studies of international students enrolled in the foundation year of Romanian as a foreign language at the Romanian-American University in Bucharest, talking about the initial culture shock, management and then mastering of adaptation in the Romanian environment, highlighting the progress that can be observed in the case of these international students along the two semesters of immersion into the Romanian culture.

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Towards Flexible Foreign Language Learning through Digitalisation and Cooperation across University Borders in Finland

Author(s): Antti Petteri Kurhinen,Anu Mustonen,Marja Oksanen,Tapani Mottonen / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Finland has faced increasing immigration during the past years. Simultaneously, the aging of population has made Finland increasingly dependent on linguistically competent foreign workforce. To overcome this challenge, the Ministry of Education has started several national projects to promote the digitalization in education, including DIGIJOUJOU (2017–2019), whose main aim is to develop digital materials for teaching Finnish and Swedish. We will outline the work done in one sub-project of DIGIJOUJOU. In this sub-project, eight university level teachers have developed flexible working life oriented digital study modules for free use. We discuss the project in terms of both practical material production and the development of teachers’ digi-pedagogical competence.

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Teaching Gender Stereotypes by Resort to Fiction: Mike Gayle’s His ‘n’ Hers

Author(s): Alexandra Roxana MĂRGINEAN / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

and teaching them to university students as part of interculturalism. The study starts from an observation made by the teacher based on her experience in the actual didactic process, namely the idea that, when it comes to gender stereotypes, a different method is needed for a successful debate than that of eliciting information through brainstorming. More precisely, a more palpable supporting material is required, in order to help students, overcome various blockages that may arise given the sensitivity of the topic, and for them to order and produce data on the subject. The basis for discussion is provided by short excerpts from relevant fiction, in our case the example being Mike Gayle’s novel His ‘n’ Hers. The conclusions bear, on the one hand, on the usefulness of using quotes as icebreakers for a discussion of gender stereotypes. On the other hand, we notice the transformations that people’s/students’ mindsets suffer in the contemporary world as far as their perspective on, and awareness of, gender stereotypes. We deem that gender stereotypes may produce a more relevant discussion in other cultures than the western (and) European one(s). Also, we need to concern ourselves with how we influence young minds with this topic and avoid inoculating them with labeling that they may have overcome or never been conscious of against the background of a more liberal, open-minded world than the one a generation or two older.

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Metode moderne de predare a limbii române ca limbă străină. Asistentul virtual în cadrul orelor de limba română ca limbă străină

Author(s): Ana Mihaela Istrate / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

One of the challenges of the modern world, with regard to technological developments, is represented by the correlation of concepts such as artificial intelligence or automated learning (Machine learning) with the process of learning foreign languages. Recent studies have highlighted the fact that artificial intelligence can be equipped with thinking similar to human one. More specifically, machines can be programmed, trained and developed for self-learning. Thus, instruments such as Google Home, Siri or Alexa, could be used as assistants during the language classes, changing completely the methodological approach of the teacher. One of the most time-consuming activities, during the language classes, is individual interaction with the students. Artificial intelligence cand be a substitute of the teacher, in the process of improving certain aspects such as pronunciation, vocabulary, conversation. The present study explains the way in which, throughout an entire academic year, Google Home device can be successfully used in the classes of Reception of the written and spoken language, improving oral communication abilities of the students. Technology becomes a type of trainer, which could be compared to a partner in individual study for the student. The research analyzes processes used by the virtual assistant so that it can be trained by the professor to answer the needs of the students in class. The final purpose is to understand how technology can be trained in order to become an efficient partner in the process of teaching-learning foreign languages. Communicative method of teaching foreign languages, which allows the student to discover individually concepts and understand grammatical structures, can be accomplished by connecting with the virtual assistant, while the teacher guides the class, concentrating mainly on the most appropriate form of evaluation and facilitating the learning process, which this way becomes more friendly.

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Mothers and Daughters in Kristin Hannah’s Firefly Lane

Author(s): Alexandra Roxana MĂRGINEAN / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

This paper sets out to investigate the female characters of Kristin Hannah’s Firefly Lane, focusing on the roles of mother and daughter played by them, the types that may be considered to arise according to their behaviors, the triggers that get pulled, when it comes to both motherhood and daughterhood, in their relationships – for character formation and further interactions in their lives – as well as the way in which concepts such as femininity or role models emerge in changing colors in context. Also, we will look at the way trauma either dictates or influences one’s adult behavior, long after it has been enacted, thus functioning as an underlying layer that either conditions or heavily impacts one’s life choices and interactions. Last but not least, we also take into account the way femininity, motherhood and womanhood in general are modelled by the social specificity of the decades that provide their background, especially the sixties and the seventies. The analysis, performed from the standpoint of cultural studies, also relies, to a great extent, on aspects of child and adult psychology. Wherever we consider it to be the case, we will also draw on the linguistic content that is resorted to as illustration of character and sociocultural context.

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I phrasal verbs italiani: il test della transitività

Author(s): Giada Matassa / Language(s): Italian Issue: 2/2018

About two decades ago, the study of the phrasal verbs in Italian began, considering them equivalent to the English phrasal verbs, although there are some differences. Among these there are anomalies in the Italian phrasal verbs, according to their idiomatic and/or literal use, because, for example, if we analyze a phrasal verb like "mettere sotto", by applying the transitivity test, we understand that it is a phrasal verb only if it is used idiomatically because in a sentence like “mettere sotto un gatto”, “un gatto” (a cat) is the object of the phrasal verb; if you consider instead a phrase like “putting your shoes under the bed”, it means that “under” represents the head of the noun phrase “under the bed” and, therefore, in this case, it is not a phrasal verb, but a verb and a preposition.

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Neologismele semantice în presa actuală

Author(s): Elena Museanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2018

Neologisms have steadily entered the common language thanks especially to the written and audiovisual Romanian press. The concept of neologism has certainly a complex structure and it cannot be described by reducing it to the label “lexical novelty”. Neological lexical items are a problem of culture and a condition of culture. Thanks especially to the sources they come from, the neologisms existing in the Romanian language, beyond the fact that they are extremely numerous, they are also extremely varied. Thus, thanks to neologisms not only the modernization of the Romanian vocabulary developed, but also its re-Latinization, Westernization and its re-Romanization, while gaining some international traits, aspects that place Romanian much closer to the most important languages of Europe's culture. Semantic neologisms, also known as neological semantisms are an extremely interesting category. Through this phenomenon of the borrowing of meaning, which is frequently produced in the contemporary Romanian language, words multiply its meanings according to the model of French, German, Italian terms origin or, more recently, English.

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Decoding Legal Texts: A Look at Some Syntactic Features of Legal Texts

Author(s): Marina-Cristiana Rotaru / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Characterised by an intricate structure, legal texts often challenge the non-specialist’s power of comprehension and frustrates the untrained reader. The convoluted sentence construction of legal texts renders them opaque to the lay reader and frequently turns into an obstacle between the nonprofessional people and their legal needs. In our contentious society, legal awareness has become a necessary skill that individuals should be trained to develop in order to understand and respect their rights and responsibilities as members of a community. Legal awareness may be approached from various angles, including the linguistic one. Be it part of a law article, a paragraph in a contract or a paragraph in a court decision, the sentence of a legal text is the first step taken by a nonprofessional reader in trying to understand a legal document. Knowledge and understanding of the structure of a legal sentence help the untrained individual follow that text from the very beginning to the very end without feeling as if he or she were lost in a maze. The literature offers suggestions for “slicing up” a legal text in order to reveal the logic behind its elaborate sentence structure.

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Le parole della musica nella Divina Commedia

Author(s): Maria Lucia Aliffi / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2018

The author analyzes a large corpus of words from the field of music in the Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri, examining the differences in occurrences in the three cantos and justifying these differences. An analysis of lexemes is presented according to the approach of cognitive linguistics, specifically the semasiological approach and the onomasiological one. While the word "music" is not attested, the term “canto” with its own and metaphorical value is widespread. The network of semantic relations shows considerable ambiguity, as shown in Casella’s canto, the second in Purgatory. The work intends to somehow enter the creative laboratory of the Poet, demonstrating how, on the one hand, he innovates and, on the other hand, how he takes into account the tradition.

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Language at Work to Serve the Right to Defence

Author(s): Rodica-Roxana Anghel / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

It has been under the United Nations auspices that important international documents were created and brought to public knowledge as far as human rights are concerned. Nowadays, human rights issues continue to be on top of political life agenda, public debates in international organizations and meetings, under the main law systems of protecting human rights and liberties: the European system, the American system and the African one. Thus, under the European system, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, it is stated in art.11, section 1 that: “Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilt, according to law in a public trial at which he or she has had all guarantees necessary for defence”. In the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights it is also stated that among other guarantees to a correct defence, “everyone....shall be entitled to: “(f) To have the free assistance of an interpreter if he or she cannot understand or speak the language used in Court”. These provisions have been further on consolidated by the European Convention on Human Rights, Protocol 11, art.6, section 3(e), as well as by the Charter of Fundamental Rights in the European Union. The American Convention on Human Rights and the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights stipulate similar guarantees. Beyond this wonderful human right, for states to provide for “persons under law scrutiny” with translation and interpretation services as well as with legal support for those who cannot afford to pay for a defender/lawyer, lies an ocean of aspects to be taken into account such as: the offer of translation and interpretation services in each market of the member states and World Wide,the training and awareness of translators/interpreters regarding their obligations and their rights when they provide their services in Courts of Justice, Police Departments, Lawyers’ offices, Notaries’ offices.

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Proiectarea evaluării competenţelor comunicative ale studenţilor străini

Author(s): Lidia Strah / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2018

The generation of this millennium is living a time of change, in which the foreign student also seeks interrogative new meanings of its existence. Becoming a foreign citizen in various ways – cognitive, social, cultural, civilizing, globalizing takes shape within education university as values of prime importance. In the educational practice of acquiring Romanian language by foreign students, it is attested and communicative capitalization of language by training specific verbal cues communication in Romanian. The assessment of the communication skills of the foreign students designates the role of the Romanian language in the process of the socialization of foreign students, marks the relational context of communication as a collaboration contract based on the functional ensemble of verbal interaction.

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