Search results for: foucault in All Content

Numbers of life

Numbers of life

Author(s): Jasmina Čaušević / Language(s): English

Keywords: LGBT community; needs; research; BiH;

Between February and June 2013, Sarajevo Open Centre conducted research about the rights, needs and problems of the LGBT community in BiH. The initial aim of this research was to map the real problems and to assess the particular needs of LGBT persons in BiH. The results will enable defining precise and clear arguments that could be used in future problem solving, through concrete activities, such as advocacy, education, meetings and similar, with institutions which are proven to act in discriminative manner against LGBT persons, by not performing their activities in accordance with ethics or through not intercepting the policy of selective human rights defending. An interdisciplinary theoretical approach is necessary for developing several perspectives that will highlight the complexity of sociological phenomena and create space for allocation of particular context of Bosnia and Herzegovina into a broad theoretical framework. By using questionnaires, we have explored how persons of non heteronormative gender and sex identity and sexual orientation, live in Bosnia and Herzegovina – which persons from their surroundings are aware of their LGBT identities and whether they support them, their experiences of discrimination and violence, how they handled these human rights violations, how did society and the legal system react, their opinions on Gay Pride Parade, their confidence in the police, whether their mental health suffers due to fear and homophobia they are exposed to because of their sexuality or gender identity, and how health workers relate to them. Likewise, we have inquired about the attitudes of LGBT persons on their social needs, their opinion about the LGBT community itself, on activities of Sarajevo Open Centre, and political participation. Data that was gathered through the research was processed in SPSS statistical software. A descriptive analysis was written in accordance with the statistical inquiry and is based on an interdisciplinary approach to areas and topics that is dealing with. First of all, it was important for us to use the analyses to interpret the issues that we have defined as our objectives. These analyses will serve as a platform for further advocacy, towards governmental and other institutions – police, health care, responsible ministries, judiciary and so forth – for changes that LGBT persons will benefit from. The research encompassed 545 persons ranging in age from 54 to 15. There were 275 persons of female sex and 246 of male sex, 14 intersexual and 9 transgender persons and 1 person who did not want to define itself according to sex. Out of these figures, 252 persons identified themselves through female gender, 235 through male, 9 persons was identified as transgender, while 42 of them does not identify themselves through gender and 7 persons have their own self creation of gender. When it comes to sexual orientation, there are 338 persons who are homosexuals, 151 bisexual, 25 pan sexual, 7 persons declared themselves as asexual, 9 as heterosexual, while 15 examinees identified as ‘other’ and added their own definition of their sexuality. Concerning the significant number of trans and intersex persons who have participated in the research, one chapter is particularly dedicated to them. The question related to which persons from their surroundings are aware of their LGBT identity has shown that for 90, 4 % of LGBT persons, their friends do know and the majority is supportive – out of the overall number, 89, 2 % of friends support their LGBT friends. Likewise, colleagues from work place/school/college are more familiar with the fact that a person is LGBT than their family members. Namely, for 46, 4 %, their work/school/college surroundings know that they are LGBT and two third of them (66, 6 %) gains their support. Sister/s know about her brother/sister/s being LGBT in 44, 7 % of cases and 86, 7 % of them is supportive, which makes them a group that is, after friends, the most supportive one. Mother/guardian is in the fourth place and for 40, 7 % of LGBT persons; she is familiar with their LGBT identity, but only 61 % of examinees have the support from their mother/ guardian. Brother/s are familiar with it in 37, 5 % of cases and majority is supportive – 75, 9 %. Acquaintances of LGBT persons are in 36, 8 % of cases familiar with their identities and most of them are supportive (67 %). Father/guardian is familiar with sexual orientation or gender identity of every fifth person (22, 7 %) and less than half of them supports their children (41, 8 %), which makes them the least supportive group among the close family members. For 15, 2 % of examinees, their broader family is familiar with their LGBT identity and supportive in 65, 7 % of cases. The question of whether one has experienced any form of discrimination because he/she is an LGBT person was answered positively by 35, 8 % of examinees and negatively by 63, 1 %. It is clear that persons who are not out to the broader public – at the workplace, college, to their acquaintance etc. – cannot be discriminated against due to their sexual orientation. This research shows that colleagues from work, school or college in 40,7 % of cases are aware that their colleague is an LGBT person but almost half of them are not supportive. Likewise, for every third person their acquaintances know his or her sexual orientation. All this together fits into an image that a little over one-third of LGBT persons are out to their broader surroundings and in accordance with that, discrimination is experienced only by every third LGBT person. Discrimination is not reported in 93, 8 % of cases. Only 3 cases of discrimination were prosecuted and one was completed successfully, while another 23 have never been prosecuted. Because of their gender expression or sexual identity, 23, 5 % of persons have experienced violence, while 74, 2 % of them have never been victims of violence. Physical violence was experienced by every third person, and sexual violence by almost every fifth person. Victims of violence are almost always persons who are out. 130 persons have suffered through violence, and only 17 of them have reported it, while 3 cases have been prosecuted in court and 2 cases are still ongoing. If we consider the fact that only 3 cases out of 17 that have been reported and prosecuted in court, while 2 other are still ongoing, it is nothing unusual that LGBT persons are not confident towards the institutions that are supposed to protect them. 23, 1 % of examinees have confidence in the police, while 73, 6 % does not have. Every third person who, due to the consequences of homophobia, suffers from depression, fear, anxiety, affliction or any other symptoms, is determined to seek for professional psychological, psychiatrists or therapeutics help because of assumed incompetence of persons one would approach to, and because of the fear that their sexuality will be uncovered. Almost 70 % of examinees have declared a lack of support from family and friends as the biggest issue. Although 82, 5 % of LGBT persons do not have to hide their gender identity and sexual orientation in front of their friends, it is obvious that the majority does not receive the desired emotional, psychological and social support. On the other hand, as the question related to support has shown (chart 10) – family is also not supportive, so the severity of this information is only being confirmed through questions on the biggest issues. Almost as big is the problem of physical violence (attacks, property wreckage and similar) – 68, 9 % of persons have marked it as the biggest issue. Psychological/verbal violence was marked as a problem by almost the same number of persons – 68, 7 %. When the issue of violence, whether physical or psychological, is associated with the failure of institutions that are supposed to punish those who commit it, the issue of processing and punishing violence is considered an urgent one, which needs to be resolved. Discrimination at the workplace, at school or at college is one of the biggest problems for 62.6% of examinees, which places the problem of discrimination on almost the same level with violence. The lack of state institutions’ support programs was described by 66, 4 % of examinees. Police, judiciary or certain areas of health system do not provide their services professionally, due to the lack of knowledge related to LGBT issues and to the high level of homophobia. The objective of examining the level of active and passive political participation of LGBT persons was to highlight the fact (which implies, but is not considered relevant, and even less is seen as a certain political potential) that LGBT persons are also voters in the elections (more than half of examined LGBT persons exercises their right to vote), that they are also members of political parties in BiH (62 persons are members of parties), and that they run for elections and have certain political results (13 out of 62 persons have been candidates on elections and have had certain results). Based on the analyses of collected statistical data and additional comments that examinees have emphasized, we have produced general conclusions and recommendations for certain sectors – some areas of the health system, police, but also civil society – since it was shown that they are not providing their services professionally, while we have tackled reasons and solutions of this situation in separate recommendations.

Sites and memory sites – the problem of places of memory

TÁJKÉP ÉS EMLÉKKÉP - AZ EMLÉKEZETHELYEK PROBLEMATIKÁJA

Author(s): Zsolt Szijártó / Language(s): Hungarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: sites;memory sites;place;time

„Places” and „memory” denominate in fact two big categories of human perception: place and time. Narratives have always played an essential role in its formation. During the university research project introduced here the geographical place did not only constitute the object of our research, but it became also the site for the presentation of the research’s outputs. In this case, I speak about an artistic installation. Alternative approaches, like this installation, emphasize that history (and historiography) are not the only agents that take part in these processes of transformation. Art and other different imaginative industries, the narratives used in everyday life have an equally important role in the cultural sacralization of place. On the other hand, while Pierre Nora and the cultural studies researches that link to his views treat the relationship between historical time and places of memory, this installation brings our attention to “another history” that dwells in objects and parts of nature, and constitutes a frame for places of memory.

Security! How Do You Study It? An Introduction into Critical Methodologies and Research Methods

Security! How Do You Study It? An Introduction into Critical Methodologies and Research Methods

Author(s): Václav Walach,Ľubomír Lupták / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Security; Methodologies and Research Methods; critical security studies;

It has been over fifteen years since Jef Huysmans (1998) posed the question essential for every student of security: “Security! What do you mean?” Several theoretical orientations have crystallized in response, confirming Huysmans’s observation that the “exploration of the meaning of security is the security studies agenda itself” (1998: 223). There were few analyses dividing critical security studies into schools of thought (Wæver 2004; Taureck 2006) as well as a synthesis attempting to “go beyond the artificial boundaries in order to combine a variety of critical approaches under a common framework without, nonetheless, reducing one approach to another” (C.A.S.E. Collective 2006: 451). And no matter how many new security issues are identified (Burgess 2010), the meaning of security remains contested, as distinctive and mutually exclusive logics of security are theorized.

Methodological critique as a practice of knowledge creation (problem areas – an attempt of reconstruction)

Krytyka metodologiczna jako praktyka tworzenia wiedzy (dziedziny problemowe – próba rekonstrukcji)

Author(s): Jacek Piekarski / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: methodology;critique;methodological critique;practice;patterns of practicing scientific critique

The aim of the study is to reconstruct various ways of understanding methodological critique as a practice of knowledge creation and to indicate, revealed in connection with the reconstruction, the possibility of identifying cognitive obstacles that arise in this practice. Methodological critique is understood as a kind of practice – the field of thinking and acting – related to the experience and rationalization of the gap between the obviousness (faith) and the uncertainty of beliefs about reality. Various ways of formulating critique, related to the treatment of critique as the value underlying the ideal of rationality of science as well as a communication strategy, are discussed. Different ways of understanding critique legitimated under the distinguished concepts of methodology (as the theory of the application of laws of logic in various areas of research and a specialized discipline concerning the place of science in the system of human knowledge), are also discussed. On this basis, the possibilities of practicing a "critical methodology", designed as a study of methods for criticizing scientific practice in the changing cultural framework, are considered. In connection with the identified processes of their change (institutionalization of science, corporatization and networking of research), patterns of practicing critique justified by methodological premises (dogmatism, conventionalism and tactical discretion) were reconstructed and confronted with the cultural patterns of critique formed on their basis (inhibition, tolerantism and presentism).

PECULIARITIES OF REGIONAL IDENTITY

ÎNSUŞIRI ALE IDENTITĂŢII REGIONALE

Author(s): Valentin Trifescu / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: regional identity; regionalism; recessivity; secondary; parergon;

The paper analyses the issue of regional identity from an interdisciplinary point of view as it exploits concepts of various research fields, among which there are philosophy, culturology, literary criticism, and art history. Thus, conveying a better understanding of the notion of “regional identity” and the phenomenon of regionalism, we shall reinterpret and adapt concepts such as recessivity, secondary, threshold, and parergon. During our analysis, we shall take into account the tight relations which link regional identity to national identity and regionalism to nationalism.

Multimedia thematic modules, or, holistic potential in the teaching of the mother tongue

Multimedialne moduły tematyczne, czyli holistyczny potencjał w nauczaniu języka ojczystego

Author(s): Anna Ślósarz / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: holism; integration; educational paths; block education; multimedia thematic modules;

Holism, recognized by Jan Christian Smuts (1927) as a philosophical theory, turns out to be useful today in many fields of science dealing with subtly interlinked and interdependent elements. This theory is useful also in the Polish language teaching, which focuses on the functioning of literature and language in complex cultural and social systems. The holistic Polish language teaching associates texts of various media with the activity of students, their self-education, personal impressions and development of imagination. It refers to the internal and external integration and to various school subjects and educational paths. Block education, which is delivered in the form of multimedia thematic modules, assists with interpretation of paradigms concerning the functioning of language and literature. Such teaching units allow advance planning of teaching objectives, contents, tools and methods of teaching for the whole cycle of education. Therefore, such units eliminate the occasional and chaotic teaching. They provide optional choices of content and teaching methods, advocating the subjectivity of students and teachers. The modules trigger the effect of context by revealing the functions of means of expression, composition analogies and oppositions, and cultural influences. They provide time to disclose personal and local interpretations. These modules proved themselves in Australia. Thanks to comparative research tools, teaching of the mother tongue may take into consideration literary and linguistic phenomena related to the processes of social and cultural challenges.

Nonverbal language of madness in the novel Fratelli of Carmelo Samonà

Niewerbalny język szaleństwa w powieści Fratelli Carmelo Samonà

Author(s): Stefano Redaelli / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Carmelo Samonà dedicated almost all his literary works, written between 1978 and 1990, in the period after the entry into force of Law 180 (Basaglia Law) which led to the closing down of psychiatric hospitals in Italy, to his experiences of living in the same house with a person suffering from a mental illness. Especially his novel Fratelli (Brothers) focuses on a close contact with insanity, outside the walls of psychiatric facilities. Insanity speaks a different language: the spoken one is reduced to some “parts of an evoked discourse”; the non‑verbal one is manifested by the body, through a game, a gift. The word — in its regression — is fragmented and fades away; gives way to archaic languages which encourage primary — emotive — communication that feeds on a wish to create a bond with another person. Writing is a tool used by Samonà to present insanity. Through cataloguing, describing and carefully organizing words, gestures and disorders of his ill brother, he reconstructs a detailed picture of insanity, identifies himself with a member of the family, copies his gestures and words and follows chaotic paths. Samonà balances on a blurred line of normality and insanity, health and illness. Writing constitutes a form of defence, a neurosis of perfection, an attempt to force the verbal chaos of insanity into a syntactic order, forming something normal out of abnormality. But writing fails here. And this is the most shocking feature of Samonà’s literary works: such a powerful and mastered tool as writing turns out to be improper. It has to be laid down, like arms, means of control and an attempt of normalisation. To communicate with insanity, the spoken language has to surrender, to go down, to remain in silence, silence which is a hermeneutic attitude focused on listening and a dimension open to accept difference. Other languages — nonverbal, affective — must be used here. And the word needs to be made flesh — an embrace which puts together everything that was crushed by the language — and needs to be made game, in order to experience states of mind impossible to be experienced through a spoken word.

In the search of „I”. Henryk Elzenberg, Stanisław Brzozowski and Karol Ludwik Koniński towards illness, pain and suffering

W poszukiwaniu „ja”. Henryk Elzenberg, Stanisław Brzozowski i Karol Ludwik Koniński wobec choroby, bólu i cierpienia

Author(s): Maciej Michalski / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

The paper presents three different representations of illness and pain in spirituals autobiographies of Henryk Elzenberg, Stanisław Brzozowski and Karol Ludwik Koniński. „Kłopot z istnieniem” by Elzenberg shows more distant attitude, where subject is well hidden behind discourse and the illness is only an inspiration to make some general philosophical reflections on subjectivity. „Pamiętnik” by Brzozowski is an evidence of very dramatic struggle with pain, time and death and a testimony of a tension between different attitudes toward life and author’s work. „Uwagi” by Koniński is also very dialectical, but the subject seems to find a support and basis in God and religion. A searching of „I”, attempts to constitute the self, subjectivity, are common for all of them. The experience of illness and pain is both a catalyst and a reference point in this self-creational projects.

Why address identity in liberal political theory? On the offensive definition of politics in liberalism

Proč řešit identitu v liberální politické teorii? K ofenzivnímu vymezení politična v liberalismu

Author(s): Sylvie Bláhová / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: political theory; liberal political theory; identity; liberalism;

Liberálnědemokratické státy čelí v posledních letech na úrovni praktické politiky četným výzvám přicházejícím koncentrovaně z různých směrů. Zmínit lze například kritiku ze strany těch, kdo viní stávající režim liberální demokracie z přehlížení významu specifických znaků majících stěžejní význam pro konkrétní individua či skupiny. Přesto však není možné říci, že by byl tento druh kritiky něčím zcela novým. Reflektujeme-li totiž dobu několika minulých desetiletí, vidíme, že snahy o to „být uznán“ – ať už šlo původně o boje za rovná práva žen, rasovou rovnost nebo aktuálněji boje za kulturní práva – mají v politice liberálnědemokratických zemí dlouhodobě své místo, přičemž lze tvrdit, že ji zároveň spoluformují. Vedle toho však v posledních několika letech – vlivem řady událostí (ať už jde o teroristické útoky, finanční či migrační krizi) – můžeme sledovat etablování vcelku vyhraněného ideového stanoviska, jehož objektem jsou sami ti, kdo reprezentují liberálnědemokratický étos. Ti jsou, ať už právem či neprávem, obviňováni nejen z toho, že kolonizovali veřejný prostor, ale také že příliš dlouhou dobu přehlíželi vlastní většinové obyvatelstvo a jeho zájmy, a to právě za účelem údajné ochrany různorodých menšin. Symbolem odporu proti takovému směřování liberálnědemokratické politiky bylo bezpochyby zvolení Donalda Trumpa prezidentem Spojených států.

Social reforms in the Republic of Moldova: A particular Case - the Reform of the Pension System

Reformele sociale din Republica Moldova: un caz particular – reforma sistemului de pensii

Author(s): Cornel Ciurea / Language(s): Romanian

Keywords: social reforms; pension system;

This analysis focuses on three types of reforms that are being implemented in the Republic of Moldova - reforms related to European integration, anti-corruption reforms and social reforms. The author makes a comparative analysis, highlighting the more pronounced ideological character of social reforms and the increased degree of conflict, typical of these reforms. At the same time, the paper suggests the imminence of the political factor present in the multitude of social phenomena. In this order of ideas, the case of the reform of the pension system is analyzed, being highlighted the political valences of the approach. The author considers that, unlike the university education reform, promoted by the Ministry of Education with sufficient force, despite the accompanying criticism, the reform of the pension system seems to be rather an "eternally postponed reform" due to lack of political will. This postponement cannot, however, last indefinitely.

Preface

Préface

Author(s): Magdalena Koźluk,Anita Staroń / Language(s): French / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: literature; literary studies; art of living

"The Journal for Mlle de Menou": An Example of the Art of Living in Seclusion

“Le journal pour Mlle de Menou” : exemple de l’art de vivre en réclusion

Author(s): Monika Kulesza / Language(s): French / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Murat; Menou; Loches; diary; exile; absence; gallant society

This article presents a hybrid work by Mme de Murat, “Le Journal pour Mlle de Menou”, written between 1708 and 1709 in the château de Loches where the countess was exiled. Mme de Murat copes with the oppression of royal power by leading a life similar to that from which she was cut off. She finds consolation in the writing of the diary and affection for her cousin, she writes poems and organises literary and social life in exile demonstrating freedom of her spirit.

Post-Memory of "Légitime défence"

Post-Mémoire de "Légitime défence"

Author(s): Ewa Kalinowska / Language(s): French / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: “Légitime Défense”; manifesto; Martinican identity; surrealism; communism

The review “Légitime Défense”, created by a group of Martinican students in Paris, is often presented as a manifesto more political than literary, without substantial consequences. However, it has induced responses and is remembered in Negro-African intellectual circles all around the world. The 90th anniversary of its publication approaching, it seems well-founded to read and analyze over the « Avertissement » in order to evaluate its substantive and aesthetic importance.

O mocy myślenia. Rozbiór psychopolityczny

O mocy myślenia. Rozbiór psychopolityczny

Author(s): Bartosz Kuźniarz / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Žižka powrót do Hegla

Žižka powrót do Hegla

Author(s): Bartosz Wójcik / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Introduction: Multidisciplinary Poshumanism/s

Giriş: Çokdisiplinli Posthümanizm/ler

Author(s): Pelin Kümbet,Sümeyra Buran / Language(s): Turkish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: multidisciplinary posthumanism; multidisciplinary; posthumanism; development; change; transformation;

Posthümanizm Serisinin ikinci editöryal kitabı olan Çokdisiplinli Çalışmalarda Posthümanizm, bilimsel, teknolojik, çevresel, medikal ve aynı zamanda sosyokültürel gelişim, değişim ve dönüşümler ışığında, posthümanist teorilerin ve yaklaşımların çokdisiplinli çalışmalarda nasıl kavramsallaştığını ve evrimleştiğini incelemektedir. Bu bağlamda bu kitap, posthümanizm ile çeşitli farklı disiplinler arasındaki ilişki ve etkileşimi posthümanist kuramsal yaklaşımlar çerçevesinde derinlemesine analiz ederken, posthümanist yaşamların yansımalarını bu farklı çeşitlilikteki disiplinlerde tartışmakta ve bunların nasıl vuku bulduklarını mercek altına yatırmaktadır. Bu yenilikçi çalışmada posthümanizmin feminizm, ekoeleştiri, biyo-politika ve transhümanizm gibi çağdaş kuramlarla sinema, sahne sanatları, tiyatro, performans, dans, müzik, biyosanat, biyoetik, felsefe, tıp, mühendislik, uluslararası ilişkiler ve siyaset bilimi gibi birbirinden birçok yönden ayrılan farklı disiplinle ve yaklaşımla olan yakın ilişkisi, bu kuramlara katkıları ve bu kuramların posthümanizmden nasıl beslendiği incelenmektedir. İnsan ve insan olmayan yapılar arasındaki uçurumlar azaldıkça, teknolojik, biyolojik ve çevresel etkenler arasındaki sınırlar aşındıkça ve en önemlisi yerleşmiş ve genel geçer “normal” ve/veya “doğal” algısına meydan okuma farklı disiplinlerde de yaygınlaştıkça, bu disiplinlerdeki posthüman yaklaşımlar bir dizi etik, felsefi, sosyal, politik, kültürel ve sanatsal soru ve yaklaşımı da beraberinde getirmiş ve çözüm yolları aramıştır.

Posthumanist Turn in International Relations: New materialism, Ecological Crisis and Global Politics

Uluslararası İlişkilerde Posthümanist Dönüşüm: Yeni Materyalizm, Ekolojik Kriz ve Küresel Siyaset

Author(s): Yelda Erçandırlı / Language(s): Turkish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: international; international relations; posthumanist; posthumanist transformation; materialism; ecological crisis; global politics;

İstikrarsız bir küresel iklim, canlı çeşitliliğinin ve ormanların azaldığı, buzulların eridiği, kuraklıkların arttığı asit yağmurlarının başladığı, salgın hastalıkların geçmişe oranla çok daha sık yaşandığı bir yüz yılda yaşıyoruz. Benzeri görülmemiş bir ekolojik değişimin çağımızı şekillendirdiği bir süreçte, pandemi çağında, sosyal bir disiplin olarak Uluslararası İlişkilerin (Uİ) sosyo-ekolojik süreçleri disiplinin temel varsayımlarına, kuramsal ve kavramsal araştırmalarına entegre etmesi gerektiğine yönelik tartışmalar hali hazırda başlamıştır (Harrington 2016; Burke et al. 2016; Erçandırlı 2021). Buna rağmen Uİ’nin araştırma alanını büyük ölçüde toplumsal dünya ile sınırlayan bir disiplin olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. Büyük güçler arasında savaşın nedenlerini ve barışın koşullarını sorunsallaştırmak amacıyla Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın hemen sonunda ortaya çıkan Uİ disiplini, 1990’lı yıllarla birlikte devlet-merkezci bir anlayıştan insanı ve toplumsal ilişkileri esas alan eleştirel yaklaşımların da yer aldığı entelektüel bir çalışma alanına doğru evrilmiştir. Ancak eleştirel dönüşümde Uİ kuramı, ana akım yaklaşımlara benzer şekilde, sanki “uluslararası” doğal olandan ayrıymış gibi yalnızca insana ve toplum-toplum ilişkisine odaklanmıştır. Geçtiğimiz yıllarda ise sosyal bilimlerde hızla yükselmeye başlayan yeni materyalist dönüşümden etkilenen posthümanistler, Uİ’nin temel ve yapı ve dinamiklerine eleştirmeye ve disipline hâkim olan, insan-merkezci (anthropocentric) özne anlayışını sorgulamaya başlamışlardır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı bu yeni ontolojik meydan okumanın Uİ’nin temel dinamiklerini anlamada ve değişime yön vermede önemli açılımlar taşıdığını vurgulamaktır. Bu bakımdan bu çalışma posthümanist Uİ tartışmalarının posthüman multidisipliner çalışmalara farklı boyutlarda yaptığı katkıyı incelemektedir.

Posthumanism in literature and cinema

Yazında ve Sinemada Posthümanizm

Author(s): Simay Turan / Language(s): Turkish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: posthumanism in cinema; posthumanism; cinema;

Posthümanizmi Fransız yazını ve sanatı üzerinden okumadan önce, posthümanizmin epistemolojik olarak ne olmadığının kısa bir panoramasını sunmak yararlı olacaktır. Dolayısıyla René Descartes rasyonalizmi ve Ferdinand de Saussure yapısalcılığı, üzerinden geçilmesi gereken düşünce sistemleridir. Bunun nedeni ise Fransız yazınının ve sanatının, tarihi boyunca kavramları zıtlıklar üzerinden tanımlama yöntemini benimsemiş olan Batı düşüncesinden ayrı düşünülememesidir; nitekim sanat, içinde bulunduğu koşullara göre şekillenir. Sözünü ettiğimiz alışılagelmiş Batılı ve rasyonalist düşünceye göre kavramlara belli bağlamlarda anlam yükleyen ögeler, kavramların karşıtlarından başkası değildir.

Bayeux embroidery: sacred or profane?

Výšivka z Bayeux: předmět posvátný či profánní?

Author(s): Martin Lešák / Language(s): Czech / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: The Bayeux Tapestry; history of art;

Tzv. Tapisérie z Bayeux, jež ve skutečnosti není tapisérií, nýbrž výšivkou, patří mezi nejstudovanější objekty dějin umění a tomu odpovídá i nesmírně obsáhlá bibliografie k ní se vztahující. Badatelé se této textilii, na níž jsou znázorněny události vedoucí k invazi Viléma Dobyvatele a jeho konečnému vítězství v bitvě u Hastingsu roku 1066, věnovali od jejího „objevení“ ve dvacátých letech 18. století a otázky, jež si kladly, vždy byly, a stále jsou, nesmírně rozmanité. Rozsáhlá bibliografie, skutečnost, že je výšivka téměř 70 metrů dlouhá, a fakt, že se narace skládá ze tří vizuálních element (z hlavní dějové linie středního pásu, z drobnějších výjevů v bordurách a z latinského textu), které, jak připomíná J. Bard Mc-Nulty, musí být čteny na základě různých vzájemných vztahů mezi nimi, jsou důvodem nutnosti upozornění čtenáře na to, že tento příspěvek nemá ambice na komplexní rozbor předmětu. Snahou práce je spíše vyjasnit konkrétnější a frekventovanou otázku v historiografii tohoto skvostu z 11. století: měli bychom výšivku vnímat jako předmět posvátný či profánní? Jinými slovy se tato práce pokusí objasnit povahu či snad lépe charakter objektu a to zejména z pohledu jeho funkce a její proměny.

Juliusz Słowacki’s Epistemic Memory as a Source of Knowledge about Subjective Relations

Pamięć epistemiczna Juliusza Słowackiego jako źródło wiedzy o podmiotowych relacjach

Author(s): Ewa Hoffmann-Piotrowska / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: mystical Słowacki; epistemic memory; metempsychosis; letters to Joanna Bobrowa

Juliusz Słowacki can be called a poet of memory, especially the memory of himself. He wants to talk about himself, about the subjective and objective reality in which he participates. To a large extent, the poet does this to save himself from oblivion. The article deals with the epistemic memorial of brother Juliusz, which takes on a new meaning due to its relationship with metempsychosis concepts present among the Tovians. It will be individual but also social memory, focusing on the experience of the generation of the oldest ghosts, among which Słowacki included himself. The article reflects on the cognitive memory of the mystical poet in the context of personal relationships, which this memory helps the poet to interpret. The textual source of considerations here are the poet’s letters to Joanna Bobrowa.