Keywords: Ukrainian; language textbooks; Slavic languages
A textbook with a terminological dictionary, intended primarily for students of Ukrainian studies, but also for others interested in the Ukrainian language.
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Keywords: literature; translation; The Great Gatsby; translation studies;
The focus of this book is translation of fiction from English to Czech (with a brief excursion to the other direction of translating), and its goal is to introduce literary translation as a complex and dynamic phenomenon conditioned by numerous individual, cultural, social and time factors such as the sense and style of the original, expectations, knowledge and experience base of the reader, differing opinions on and approaches to translation, differences in the source and target languages and cultures, and last but definitely not least the attitudes, values, educational background, professional profile and unique life experience of the translator.
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Keywords: acting; directing; radio drama; structuralism; semiotics; radio dramatization; Jiří Horčička; Josef Melč; Jiří Veltruský; normalization; Czechoslovak radio
The monograph deals with the problems of radio acting and radio directing. Both of these components are interrelated, in theory reflecting their creative role in the origin of radio drama. The research is focussed on the work of two important Czech radio directors: Jiří Horčička and Josef Melč and their best achievements dating back to the seventies and eighties twenties of the 20th century. Its methodology is based on the structuralist theory of Jiří Veltruský, whose structural and semiotic theory is applied to radio theory. Apart from Veltruský, the research is also grounded on the basic monographs by Czech radio theoreticians, in the first place on the publications by Jan Czech and Alena Štěrbová, and also on the theory of radio dramatization of fiction by Jan Lopatka.
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Keywords: linguistics; languages; linguistics; Europe; European Union;
From the point of view of teaching of linguistics, it is necessary to prepare students, i.e. the next European generation, for opportunities to satisfy and fulfill the European Union's objectives from the linguistic perspective. In addition to language learning, which is obvious, there is also a linguistic-contextual level. The presented handbook, or better, textbook, will introduce students of general linguistics to clear material for typological, genealogical, sociolinguistic and general linguistic orientation within the geographical context and languages of Europe.
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Keywords: phraseology; Slavic languages; Russian; Ukrainian; Belarusian; Polish; Czech; Slovak; Slovenian; Bulgarian; Macedonian;
The multi-author book New Russian and Slavic Phraseology examines the diversity of the phraseological dynamics in modern Slavic languages. The authors analysed new processes, such as the emergence of new phraseological units, various changes in invariants of phrasemes and paroemias with reference to phraseological modelling, reactualization of the phraseological corpus elements in Slavic languages in new social climate. The authors studied new processes in modern phraseology in Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Bulgarian and Macedonian languages, and also used facts from other European languages to complement their analyses. The first chapter of the book entitled “New processes in modern Russian and Slavic phraseology” examines the connection of phraseological neologization with the most significant changes in the lives of native speakers and their society. It focuses on general trends in the development of the phraseological composition in Slavic languages and phraseosemantic aspects, and discusses problems of reproducibility and idiomaticity of ‘new’ variants of ‘old’ phraseological units. The chapter provides an overview of thematic and semantic fields in which the manifestation of new phraseology is particularly active. Other topics discussed include the interactions of ‘us’ and ‘them’, ‘old’ and ‘new’, domestic and foreign cultural (transcultural) elements in the form, semantics and pragmatics of modern phraseological neologisms, the problems of reflection of foreign cultural realia in phraseology, the perception and interpretation of phraseological units by the Slavic speech community with the comparison of the ‘traditional’ and ‘new’ stereotypes of the current generation of native speakers, as well as the correlation of synchrony and diachrony in the study of the relation between ‘old’ and ‘new’ in the modern Slavic phraseology and paremiology. The second chapter “New in Russian and Slavic phraseology in the mirror of lexicography” presents current and topical problems based on the experience of lexicographic description and recording of phraseological units in the aspect and explanatory dictionaries of Russian and other Slavic languages. The authors focus on the key issues of phraseological neography–what should be considered a new phraseological unit, and what chronological point should become the starting point for its description. Special attention is paid to the linguistic interpretation of the term ‘phraseological neologism’ with its chronological and functional aspects, the life potential of phraseological neologisms that emerged in beginning of the new millennium projected on the present-day use, the reasons and incentives for an initial activ496 | НОВОЕ В РУССКОЙ И СЛАВЯНСКОЙ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИИ ity of neologisms followed by the subsequent stabilization of some of the phrasemes, while the other ones are marginalized. The phraseological potential of new stable collocations with the social demand for their use, recording new phraseology in dictionaries of neologisms, and, in the case of their stabilization, in lexicographical and phraseographic sources are also discussed in the chapter. The third chapter entitled “New phraseological units in the modern media discourse” addresses the sphere of media landscape and media texts as the most powerful source of new phraseology. Based on the material excerpted from the media discourse, the authors consider the trends of phraseological parallelism in Slavic languages in the complexity of convergent and divergent processes, phraseologization of language units and incentives for their generation in the Internet space, network communication and cyberculture, and creative interpretation of a phraseological invariant by individual users and social groups. The fourth chapter “New phraseological units in language corpora, modern journalism and fiction” presents different approaches of the co-authors to studying the frequency of the use of certain types of phraseological novelties recorded in the corpora. The approaches also differ in the study of the semantic dynamics of phrasemes in journalistic discourse and in defining the complex idiomatic manifestations representing linguistic stereotypes. The chapter discusses approaches to the study of the variational and interpretive aspect of phraseology, which contributes to the reconstruction of the complex stable beliefs representing the assessment of the political and social phenomena, and to the study of the mechanism of indirectly derived nominations in various conceptospheres. Using literary texts and fiction as sources, the author considers the idiosyncrasy of the phraseology in the authors’ discourse and the problems of translating neological phraseological units of a slang nature into other languages. The authors of the fifth chapter entitled “Problems of the boundaries of modern Slavic phraseology” focused on the need to clarify the basic concepts of phraseology with respect to new conditions. They address the problems of semantics, pragmatics, functioning of phraseological units and lexical metaphorical formations that can be compared to phrasemes in their purpose and reproducibility. The chapter provides a definition, or rather a certain clarification of the phraseological status of stable comparisons, minimal phraseological constructions as ‘preposition + noun’, syntactic phraseological units, compound terms, slogans, appeals, etc. The sixth chapter “The origin of modern phraseological neologisms” is devoted to the issues of interlingual convergence of closely related / non-closely related Slavic and non-Slavic languages, and the interaction of their phraseology. In particular, it studies borrowings in the new Slavic phraseology, the phraseological potential of figurative expressions with a certain component, dialogical idioms. The authors focus on the perception of the semantics of phraseological units by the modern language consciousness, taking into account the social situation, spiritual constants and cultural reference points of modern society. SUMMARY | 497 The seventh chapter entitled “Transformation of phraseological units in the modern Slavic languages” presents a wide range of research in semantic, structuralsemantic and contextual novelties in phraseological units, phraseological modelling performed in vertical and horizontal analyses with respect to the transformational potential of various structural-semantic types of phraseological units. The authors focused on the interpretative potential and current new phenomena in biblical phraseological expressions as well as in phraseological units with mythological, anthroponymic and somatic components, and their perception by the modern cultural and linguistic community. A particular attention is paid to the study of transformations as a creative linguistic activity of native speakers, the manifestations of carnivalization of the ‘old’ units, and to examples of a language game. The problems of a comparative study of the transformational potential of phraseological units in closely related Slavic languages were also subjected to detailed analysis. The eighth chapter “Modern paremiology, proverbiology and aphoristics” studies the transformative potential of paroemias, proverbial expressions, aphorisms, slogans and the examples of their specific implementations. The authors consider the problems of precedence, the activity and transformative potential of the structuralsemantic model, the interaction of internal and external incentives of the precedent texts which lead to generating new axiologically informative idioms. The semantic and formal aspects of transformations of paroemias, proverbial expressions, aphorisms and slogans in the context of social relevance of this kind of neology are analysed in the chapter. Linguistic and cultural transfer is defined as a new approach to the study of modern changes in Slavic paroemias.
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Keywords: communication; autism; special pedagogy
The publication introduces readers to the service of figitalization of study materials and books for visualy impaired studenty. The specification of the book digitalization service inThe Support Centre for Students with Special Needs (Palacky University Olomouc) is mentioned. It continues with illustrative instructions how to create the accessible text for the student with visual impairment. The publication contains pictures that adequately illustrate its content.The text has several thematic lines connected with the solved research project. The porject is supported with The Technology Agency of the Czech Republic within the Eta Program. The text focuses on the area of cimmunication of the people with autism spectrum disorders (or rather groups of persons with impairments). The special pedagogical view is connected twith the IT perspective in relation to the development of an intelligeng database of images which supports the communication of the target group. Interdisciplinary cooperation fulfills the current trend and is an integral part of effective research.
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Keywords: interpreting; translations; Czechia; Dutch-speaking countries;
The monograph deals with the topic of community interpreting in the Czech Republic and in Dutch-speaking countries. The researched issue is subjected to an overall analysis (the historical development,legal framework, situation of education of community interpreters, users of services of community interpreters, deontology and the level of professionalization and institutionalization of the subject. The achieved results of the researched countries are compared with each other and the preconditions for the future are outlined.
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Keywords: linguistics; inquiry questions; direct questions; Czech national corpus
In the empirical, descriptive sections of this monograph the author develops standard argumentation in favour of the structurally-based transformational nature of Wh-questions in English and Czech. She demonstrates how Wh-questions in Slavic languages first impacted the theoretical discussion and how their description challenged some earlier assumptions based on specifically English data. The study provides a historical survey of the analyses which reflect the development of the field. Individual chapters are devoted to comparing extraction domains, locality conditions, and constraints defined in terms of the structures proposed. The Wh-characteristics are compared with Focus/ Contrastive Topic re-orderings, which leads to an improved structural analysis, using the concept of a Split CP. In spite of the demonstrable progress of the research, many so far unexplained aspects of the Wh-phenomena will without doubt continue to provide an interesting source for future research on the structure of human language.
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Keywords: speech therapy; lexia; orthography; special pedagogy; voice
The collective monograph describes the logopaedic research on specific parameters of communication, including the use of voice and resonance, acquired phatic disorders, lexia and orthography, and physiological and pathological processes of the orofacial neurosensoral system, including the neurodevelopmental characteristics and swallowing disorders. The results are confronted by special pedagogy, psychology and relevant medical health disciplines, including eg physiotherapy, ENT and phoniatrics and others. The book reflects the results of the original research, their critical discussion and explicit synthesis for their further use by the professional clinical, school and counseling public.
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Keywords: special pedagogy; hearing impairment; impaired communication ability;speech therapy;diagnostics; intervention Entered / Edited;
The publication brings new knowledge from selected areas of education, special education diagnostics, special education intervention and counselling for people with impaired communication ability and children with hearing impairments. Presented information can be a starting point for further research, it can contribute to streamlining the education of the target group towards maximum utilization of their potential. Readers from the professional community, especially special educators, speech and language therapists, undergraduate and postgraduate students of special education can find information in the book for their work and research.
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Keywords: Information and communication technologies; curriculum innovation; digital literacy; computational thinking; pupils; teachers of informatics
The ongoing development of information and communication technologies, including their introduction into education, continues to place new demands on pupils and teachers of informatics subjects, who must be prepared to respond to this development. One of these requirements is to develop the computational thinking of pupils as an integral part of the competences they must possess in the context of a contemporary information society. The presented monograph has attempted to provide answers to some of the questions that focus on the extent to which the competences of pupils or students in digital literacy and computational thinking can be developed and how the use of these approaches and methods is perceived by teachers of informatics subjects.
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Keywords: 20th century; World War II; history; literature; holocaust; teaching; didactics;
This antholology of texts with the theme of the Shoah for 6.–9. grade of lower secondary schools presents a set of 28 examples, mainly from intentional literature on the given topic. The anthology is designed cross-sectionally for all grades. The selection of samples was verified by means of questionnaires. The samples are equipped with questions and tasks postulated in line with the knowledge of contemporary subject didactics of literature. The anthology is equipped with a methodological appendix, the aim of which is to introduce teachers to the range of possibilities of how to work with the selected examples.The monothematic collection includes a list of other recommended fiction and a list of selected scholarly publications on the Shoah and the didactics of literature.
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Keywords: visual impairment; digitization; study; university;
The publication introduces readers to the service of figitalization of study materials and books for visualy impaired studenty. The specification of the book digitalization service inThe Support Centre for Students with Special Needs (Palacky University Olomouc) is mentioned. It continues with illustrative instructions how to create the accessible text for the student with visual impairment. The publication contains pictures that adequately illustrate its content.
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Keywords: visual impairment; digitization; study; university; support;
The publication focus on the support for visually impaired students at the university. The text is focused on the practice. First, the text shows how to help visually impaired students. Then the book deals with the serveces provided for the students with visual impairment by The Support Centre for Students with Special Needs (Palacky University Olomouc).
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Keywords: French; economics; linguistics; general linguistics; handbooks;
This handbook aims at introducing the students of French philology and French applied to economics to French and general linguistics. That's why it focuses on the main fields of linguistics: phonetics, morphology, syntax, semantics, etc., but also on topics permit to have an overview of the problems of the science of language, like the notion of sign, the classification of languages or the communication. This book proposes numerous excercices after almost each chapter, so the students have the opportunity to train with the different points which are mentioned. The handbook is written in French and gets the students familiarized with the grammatical terminology.
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Keywords: special education coordinator in school; elementary school; school counselling centre; inclusive education; job description; workload; stress; coping strategies; mental hygiene; qualitative research; grounded theory;
The publication aimed at profession of schools special educator on elementary school and its subjective experience of workload. The book deals with issues of integration, inclusion, the profession of school special educator and his status in the education system in school. It also addresses his workload, his social and professional role and personal characteristics requirements. Furthermore, the theoretical part deals with his workload, workload coping strategies and mind cleaning techniques. Through qualitative research, the specifics of the elementary school special educator profession are discovered, such as the workload of this profession and the presence of workload with school special educators.
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Keywords: abuse; addictive substances; alcohol; drugs; smoking;
The book maps the reflection of social and health threats of substance abuse in the population of the Czech Republic. The dependence of the perception of substance abuse on age, gender, and education is analyzed. The book also offers an analysis of the relationship of these threats to the value preferences of substance users, including the use of this value context in prevention and intervention in social work and social pedagogy. Attention is given to four key groups of addictive substances: alcohol, tobacco and tobacco products, drugs and medicines, and illicit drugs.
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Keywords: students; alcohol; addiction;
Research into alcohol use by young people is mostly focused on adolescents, secondary or further education students rather than university students. However, alcohol drinking among university students is a widely recognized problem and represents a serious health and cultural problem, with many negative individual, interpersonal and cultural consequences. Binge drinking, an increasingly common pattern of excessive alcohol use with serious negative consequences for individual drinkers, those around them, and the university environment, is a major problem on university campuses. Alcohol consumption among youths is affected by a complex of risk and protective factors, investigation of which is essential for a better understanding and focusing of the intervention procedures. The complex linkages of risk and protective factors and problem behaviours change over time and within different cultures and countries. The importance of this kind of research for the field of prevention is obvious: If we can determine the personal and interpersonal protective and risk factors affecting alcohol-use behaviour, we can better plan preventive interventions focused on creating and enhancing the personal protective attributes. To design and develop appropriate interventions, to improve behavioural outcomes for adolescents, a better understanding of these complexities and relations is required.
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Keywords: sexuality; intimacy, relationships; disability; intellectual disability; social services
At present, everybody has the right to full participation and life in society. One of the important areas of human life includes partnerships and sexuality. However, in persons with intellectual disability, this has been taboo until recently. For some time, researchers have tried to analyse this area both in terms of theory and practical implementation. The monograph deals with partnerships, intimacy and sexuality of people with mental disabilities in the context of the latest knowledge and research results. It defines first the theoretical background, and finally presents the conclusions of a research study implemented by means of quantitative and qualitative methods in the area of sexuality of persons with intellectual disability.
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Keywords: chinese; sinology; linguistics; china; sign writing
Languages using a pleremic writing system, from which Chinese is undoubtedly the most widespread, show a much deeper connection between language units and their graphic representations since it involves the semantic dimension. What makes the Chinese writing system a truly unique phenomenon is how its graphics capture the meaning of the represented linguistic unit. This semantic connection was primarily established through graphic components with their own meanings, so-called determinatives. Although their use was primarily associated with an effort to distinguish by graphic means the (often too many) different meanings of one sinogram, the entire system also undoubtedly provides unique insight into how ancient Chinese experienced reality. The semantic diversity of sinograms subordinated to one determinative forms a particular network of contexts with some relationship to the basic concept. This book provides a concise Czech translation of the oldest known study on Chinese grammatology Shuo Wen Jie Zi (Meaning Explanation of Primary Sinograms and Structure Analysis of Secondary Sinograms) which endeavors to reflect on the Chinese writing system as an essential bearer of Chinese culture. Based on the procedures of Chinese cultural linguistics, it adopts the author's determinative-based setting and analyses the so-called semantic profile of all the 540 determinatives by arranging sinograms into groups sharing certain semantic features
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