International Conference Globalization, Innovation and Development. Trends and Prospects  (G.I.D.T.P.)

Three "Globalizations" in Different Forms: are They in Conflict with Each Other?

Three "Globalizations" in Different Forms: are They in Conflict with Each Other?
(Three "Globalizations" in Different Forms: are They in Conflict with Each Other?)

Author(s):Maria Negreponti-Delivanis
Language:English
Subject(s):National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Accounting - Business Administration
Page Range:4-15
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:liberalization; globalization; protectionism; conflict;
Summary/Abstract:As paradoxical as it may seem, there is no longer a single globalization but three. In the 1970s, this international economic system, known as "globalization", was imposed in the world. It is the globalization we have lived with for fifty years, and it is a globalization at Western standards. The choice and promotion come from the United States, which had every reason to believe that they might lose their dominant position in the world, and that Japan or Europe will take their place. Obviously, it is impossible to know, now that this globalization seems to be on the decline, whether, without it, Europe or Japan would have finally dislodged the United States of their dominant position. This international system , emerging as new when it was not, has been accepted from one end of the world to the other, with great enthusiasm. And the reason for this enthusiasm was that it promised the end of crises, the increase of the prosperity, the insurance of benefits to the whole of the exchanges, but also the possibility for all the inhabitants of the Earth to improve their situation, thanks to new technologies. The negative consequences of globalization, which failed in all its initial promises, have afterwards made skeptics right.

GP Method for Calculating Production Costs in the Furniture Industry

GP Method for Calculating Production Costs in the Furniture Industry
(GP Method for Calculating Production Costs in the Furniture Industry)

Author(s):Ion Cucui, Aurelia Gheorghe (Damian), Dorian Florin Damian
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Financial Markets
Page Range:16-24
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:GP Georges Perrin; method; performance; furniture industry;
Summary/Abstract:In the current context of economic practice, a qualitative diversification of information is required, which draws attention to systems of calculating the performances of the economic entity. This process of continued development in the economy has produced profound mutations from the perspective of the place and role of scientific research, the word "performance" dominating the whole economy. The selection of methods and techniques with practical applicability in the furniture industry depends on the organizational character and the way the activity of the analysed entity is performed. The GP (Georges Perrin) method involves knowledge of the categories of expenditures related to the production process and involves the passing of clearly defined stages and based on the list of stages of the manufacturing process, it is determined which of the costs involved are attributable to their allocation keys and are not attributable. By applying the GP (Georges Perrin) method and going through the steps in a concrete case of an economic entity in the furniture industry, the present scientific approach seeks to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of applying the GP (Georges Perrin) method, and to study the viability of its implementation at the level of the economic entities in furniture industry.

Public Hospitals Performance. Theoretical Foundations and Challenges

Public Hospitals Performance. Theoretical Foundations and Challenges
(Public Hospitals Performance. Theoretical Foundations and Challenges)

Author(s):Constanta Popescu, Gulay Kakillioglu (Avci)
Language:English
Subject(s):Health and medicine and law
Page Range:25-32
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:health insurance system; hospital system; hospital performance; healthcare quality;
Summary/Abstract:Public hospitals performance is currently a public management subject of great interest. On the one hand, there is the pressure of the State and of the taxpayer (health insurance payer), which have expectations regarding the capitalisation of health expenditures. On the other hand, there is the pressure put by users, as consumers, who want to have the power to choose in a field they consider essential for their state of health. In these circumstances, the following questions arise: How do public hospitals see performance? Do they consider this performance requirement a threat, in the context of public and private sector competition, or do they see it as a real opportunity to improve the quality of the services provided to users (patients) and ensure an efficient State governance (as the State is the one financing public health services)? Our article aims at answering these questions, which represent major challenges for a national health system.

The Place of Insurance in the Economies of Bulgaria and Romania in the Post-Crisis Period

The Place of Insurance in the Economies of Bulgaria and Romania in the Post-Crisis Period
(The Place of Insurance in the Economies of Bulgaria and Romania in the Post-Crisis Period)

Author(s):Rumen Erusalimov
Language:English
Subject(s):Financial Markets
Page Range:33-43
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:insurance market; insurance penetration; insurance density;
Summary/Abstract:The latest global financial and economic crisis has affected the insurance markets both in Bulgaria and Romania. In the period 2009-2012, the Bulgarian insurance market recorded a continuous decline. After 2012, however, the trend turned and the insurance companies working on the Bulgarian insurance market started to report growth in the realized premium income. To a certain extent, this is also applied to the Romanian insurance market. This study evaluates the place which insurance takes in the economies of Bulgaria and Romania in the post-crisis period (2012-2016). Special attention is paid to the main indicator, which characterize the development of the insurance markets, i.e. the premium income earned by insurance companies. The dynamics of two other indicators – insurance penetration and insurance density – have also been examined. The analyses and conclusions of the study are based on statistical information published in the Sigma Newsletter of the Swiss Re Institute for the period 2013-2017. This is the reason why insurers’ premium income and insurance density indicator are presented in US dollars. This permits a correct comparison of the results obtained for Bulgaria and Romania with those showing the development of insurance in countries such as Russia and Turkey, which are also part of the European insurance market. The survey indicated that Bulgarian and Romanian insurance markets could still be identified as underdeveloped. The lag compared to the average European level is significant. This is especially true for Life insurance, which unlike our two countries, is the leading insurance industry for the economically leading European countries.

The Importance of Management and Communication in School Units

The Importance of Management and Communication in School Units
(The Importance of Management and Communication in School Units)

Author(s):Timeea-Alexandra D. Simionescu (Savu), Doina Todorut
Language:English
Subject(s):School education
Page Range:44-50
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:Management; leader; communication; decisions; school performance;
Summary/Abstract:The purpose of this article is to recognize the importance of communication in the management of the school organization, being in a continuous changing. The need to adjust at this changings of the entire educational system, and also of the school organization, represents a topical subject of the research in the literature. Leadership is now an attribute desired/ demanded also by the school organization, to their directors. In this context, the leaders have self-confidence generating trust to others. Around true leaders, employees feel prepared, appreciated and work with enthusiasm. Leadership is connected with the power to influence the human’s behavior. The way to determine the human resources to understand the need of changing, can be implemented only by means of a leader, who appreciate and understand the need for adjust and change, use an optimal process of communication, generating unity in making decisions.

The Role of Modern Languages in Enhancing Contribution of Romanian Cultural Tourism to Sustainable Development of the EU Economy

The Role of Modern Languages in Enhancing Contribution of Romanian Cultural Tourism to Sustainable Development of the EU Economy
(The Role of Modern Languages in Enhancing Contribution of Romanian Cultural Tourism to Sustainable Development of the EU Economy)

Author(s):Irina Antoaneta Tanasescu
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Tourism
Page Range:51-62
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:cultural tourism; multilingualism; sustainable development;
Summary/Abstract:In the context of the EU concern to respect the richness of its cultural and linguistic diversity, Romania acts on developing its cultural inheritance and consistently pursues objective 4 (Education), objectives 8 and 12 (regarding tourism) of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development [10], [11]. Multilingualism encourages the intercultural dialogue and promotion of sustainable tourism, stimulates the exchange of ideas, creation and innovation, generates long-term jobs. In this study we will focus on highlighting the need and benefits of using tourism to capitalise on the vast Romanian cultural potential, relying on promoting a communication which should be better adapted to linguistic characteristics of groups and tourism destinations. The goal of the research is to identify the economic value of these processes, both the values outlined in the studies of some specialists within the European institutions and the good practices of some companies and organisations operating in culture and tourism as well as initiatives such as the initiative of “The European Institute for Cultural Itineraries”. The methodology used consists in comparing literature, European regulations and practical activities carried out within the EU to enhance the value of multilingualism and cultural features in the act of communication, as culture is the fundamental factor of the buying behaviour and consumerism in tourism. The research has led us to the following conclusions:- The EU tourism market is built on the principle of economic intelligence, integrating and harnessing multilingualism and multiculturalism; - All communication reforms should consider the cultural differences as markets and consumer’s behaviour are governed by characteristics of various segments of tourists; - In economic terms, one should promote a certain type of multilingualism which should be an economic asset capable to enhance the European cultural inheritance, in compliance with requirements of the sustainable development.

Communication, a Stimulating Factor of Productive Activity?

Communication, a Stimulating Factor of Productive Activity?
(Communication, a Stimulating Factor of Productive Activity?)

Author(s):Silvia-Elena Iacob, Mihaela Loredana Badina (Radulescu)
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management
Page Range:63-69
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:communication; efficiency; production; communication system;
Summary/Abstract:We live in a controversial world, where communication is an essential component of the life we live on. The purpose of the communication act is the transmission of information in order to achieve knowledge and is an essential component of daily life. It can be considered a process by which messages are transferred between multiple participants. The role of communication is also the stimulating factor of modernization and development of production. From the economic point of view, there are at least three ways involved: the access to strategic information, the reorganization of the production conditions and the integration of the company into a complex system of communication systems.

Globalization of Terrorism and the Impact on Europe Economy

Globalization of Terrorism and the Impact on Europe Economy
(Globalization of Terrorism and the Impact on Europe Economy)

Author(s):Lucian Ivan, Anca-Gabriela Petrescu, Florentina-Raluca Bilcan
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management
Page Range:70-79
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:terrorism; radicalization; foreign terrorist fighters; ethnic community;
Summary/Abstract:It is close to impossible to predict a terrorist activity. However, there are specific indicators that can hint as a probable temporal span in advance. Europe as a whole are faced with the threat emanating from returning foreign terrorist fighters. The threat is exacerbated particularly by the fact that there is a major problem with radicalization in the region. This increases the need to enhance cooperation in the field of countering terrorism and radicalization. As the war against war against ISIS started in Iraq, Syria and other crisis hotspots in their surroundings, the same communities became fertile ground for recruitment and mobilization of the mercenaries and ideologically oriented combatants once more. Terrorist organization have intention to infiltrate its adepts into European space in order to plan and produce direct attacks against democratic institution. Also, terrorists intend to gain followers from European citizens and have enough financial resources available for this purpose. This will have effects also in policy planning and mainly will lead to more counter-terrorism measures and to the deployment of special teams. A major contribution factor to the risk of terrorism is the issues that are signs of radicalization especially among ethnic community. Globalization of terrorism is the most dangerous phenomenon against the European economy and affect all population, including from the point of view of developing businesses. One of the most affected sector is represented by services provided to population, especially tourism industry.

Techno-Stress, the Generator of Conflict Professional Life - Private Life

Techno-Stress, the Generator of Conflict Professional Life - Private Life
(Techno-Stress, the Generator of Conflict Professional Life - Private Life)

Author(s):Constanta Popescu, Oana-Mihaela Ilie, Georgiana Tatiana Bondac
Language:English
Subject(s):Personality Psychology
Page Range:80-85
No. of Pages:5
Keywords:NICT; techno-stress; work-life balance;
Summary/Abstract:Workplace techno-stress is viewed as a negative psychological response to the implementation and abusive use of new information and communication technology (NICT). This study identifies the main problem of modern society, the negative effects of the work-life balance, the positive effects of the balance between career and personal life on the company, but also the ways to achieve it. In other words, the study presents the impact of NICT on the conflict between work and private life as a stress factor.

Promoting Valahia University of Targoviste Among High-school Pupils and Students

Promoting Valahia University of Targoviste Among High-school Pupils and Students
(Promoting Valahia University of Targoviste Among High-school Pupils and Students)

Author(s):Maria Cristina Stefan, Violeta Andreea Andreiana, Dorin Iancu
Language:English
Subject(s):School education
Page Range:86-94
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:university; students; promoting;
Summary/Abstract:In the context of a fierce competition between Romanian universities, due to the fact that many of high school students were unable to pass the baccalaureate exam, their lack of interest in continuing to study and the choice of students to migrate abroad, VUT tries to cope with the challenges and be one of the most famous universities in the South Muntenia Region. The first part of the lecture is represented by an analysis, based on the data from the internet, on sites like uefiscdi, capital, mediafax, valahia etc., the analysis is about following promoting strategies used in the prestigious international universities and identifying the local methods adopted by the universities from Romania. In the second part, two surveys were conducted to give the university “some useful tips” about how to attract students and master students in a great academic environment. The first survey was conducted among the students of the best five high schools in Târgovişte and we found out their requirements in the university choices they will choose, fundamental aspects in the preparation of a VUT student promotion plan. The second survey aimed to understand the reasons of why the students do not want to continue mater studies at VUT. The results were necessary for preparing a set of promoting actions of the VUT among students.

Competitiveness of Business Organization Management Factor

Competitiveness of Business Organization Management Factor
(Competitiveness of Business Organization Management Factor)

Author(s):Sorinel Mihalcea, Delia Iuliana Banica, Gabriela Boca, Oana Camelia Iacob
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management
Page Range:95-104
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:Competition; progress factor; strategies; business organization; business management; managerial experience;
Summary/Abstract:This paper provides a brief synthesis of competition as a progress factor of the business organization management implemented by the manager in order to achieve the objectives of the business organization in order to achieve profit. Regardless of the size of your business or organization, there will always be competition (higher or lower) that can be analysed in several ways. We will try to briefly address these paths. Firstly, competition can be seen in terms of the age of the business, i.e. a start-up or a company with market seniority. It is known that start-ups have countless weaknesses, mainly due to lack of recognition, managerial experience or domestic team welding, but they also have two strengths that should be exploited to the maximum. Secondly, a benefit that a new product has compared to another is that it can benefit from the customer's curiosity to test it. Curiosity, however, differs according to the risk of sacrificing its satisfaction. We live in a rather complicated world, so management cannot be simple. Management cannot provide valid universal keys, but they are good proven practices in other successful companies.

Romania’s Public Debt Per Capita

Romania’s Public Debt Per Capita
(Romania’s Public Debt Per Capita)

Author(s):Oana Camelia Iacob, Nicolae Mihailescu, Catalin Coman
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management
Page Range:105-115
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:Romania’s public debt per capita; autoregressive econometric model; regression trend equation;
Summary/Abstract:The econometric analysis presented in this study identify a model of dynamics of total public debt of Romania between 2001-2015 in the mathematic expression of an autoregressive equation which is statistically confirmed as a viable model because the requirements imposed for the formulation of this assessment are met. The econometric model highlights the fact that Romania’s public debt per capita will be foreseeably higher during the following years (2019 and 2020). This study has the value and utility of a preventive character information for the correction and substantiation of government decisions, in order to enclose the budget deficit in non inflationist limits, for a financial and budgetary policy which allows maintaining macroeconomic balances and economic stability of the country.

Innovations and Economic Growth in Romania - Current State and Perspectives

Innovations and Economic Growth in Romania - Current State and Perspectives
(Innovations and Economic Growth in Romania - Current State and Perspectives)

Author(s):Vinko Kandzija, Marko Tomljanović, Tomislav Kandzija
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management
Page Range:116-125
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:economic growth; innovation; Romania; research; development;
Summary/Abstract:Romania became a member of the EU in 2007 and thus gained the preconditions for achieving economic growth and long-term stability. Romania has not fully exploited all benefits of EU membership and is still in the group of the least developed member states. However, recent reports points to accelerated economic growth and improvement of economic performances of Romanian economy. In current situation, special emphasis should be placed on further stimulation of investments in research and development and their products. Such an orientation will result in achieving economic growth and improvement of the national competitiveness.

Management of Sports Organizations

Management of Sports Organizations
(Management of Sports Organizations)

Author(s):Maria Cristina Stefan, Dorin Iancu
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Sports Studies
Page Range:126-133
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:management of sports organizations; efficient management; sports organizations; sport governance;
Summary/Abstract:Beyond the fact that sport has become a major social phenomenon, it has also turned into an educational approach in the sense that it is, on the one hand, an educational tool imposed by the changes in the minds of the people, on the other hand, a moral reference to education. Sport is more than just a sport, it has become a show involving several categories of actors: sports organizations, trade organizations, spectators, central and local communities. If at the beginning of the last century there were few nonworking organizations over time, their number grew a lot.

Sustainable Development as a Basic Concept Development of Cities

Sustainable Development as a Basic Concept Development of Cities
(Sustainable Development as a Basic Concept Development of Cities)

Author(s):Vinko Kandzija, Ivan Tolic, Predrag Cudina
Language:English
Subject(s):Policy, planning, forecast and speculation
Page Range:134-144
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:sustainable development; resources; development policy; civil society; networking; local governments; structural funds;
Summary/Abstract:The development of cities by their volume and dynamics generated many conflicting places in both conceptual as well as in the implementation part. The sensibility of our time, public sensitivity to the quality of life and environmental quality required in consideration of development concepts for the new approaches. A special dimension to the issue of giving and awareness of the scarcity of resources. The doctrine of sustainable development manifests itself as an epoch-making, and the only way out of the above dilemma. Dimensions that reflect doctrines are improving urban infrastructure and urban infrastructure, support the development of social services and civil society, support local development, energy efficient development - reducing CO2 emissions, preservation and development of cultural heritage, sustainable transport and networking, development cooperation, improving governance. It is necessary to find an answer to the growing needs of urban communities and local governments to take over the role of the driver of economic activity in their communities, organizers of social inclusion and advocate of environmental protection and the fight against climate change. In times of reduced fiscal capacity and growing obligations, the EU structural funds and investment funds are proving to be an important and accessible source of funding for a range of public needs at the local level.

Using the Multidimensional Data Models for Forecasting, Calculation and Cost Analysis

Using the Multidimensional Data Models for Forecasting, Calculation and Cost Analysis
(Using the Multidimensional Data Models for Forecasting, Calculation and Cost Analysis)

Author(s):Cezarina Adina Tofan
Language:English
Subject(s):Financial Markets
Page Range:145-153
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:decision-making; data models; cost analysis; information system; OLAP analysis;
Summary/Abstract:A step forward for intelligent decision-making systems is the use of models that take into account the specificities of decision-making processes and analysis criteria and build the decision-making variants that are evaluated and presented to the decision-makers. This involves analytical knowledge of the decision-making mechanism to identify the elements involved in the decision-making process, the links between them and the interdependencies with the decisional environment, as well as the laws, the criteria on which the act of the proper election is conducted. It is needed such a comprehensive perspective on the decision-making mechanism to understand that the decision is not a singular act of a simple choice of two or more alternatives, it is an act with a thorough informational foundation. The complex foundation of the decision-making process must start with the analysis of the objectives and their correlation with the resources, so only we can reach the intuition and formulation of the decisional problem, which is the first stage of modelling the decision-making process.

Improving Management by Motivating Human Capital within Public Institutions

Improving Management by Motivating Human Capital within Public Institutions
(Improving Management by Motivating Human Capital within Public Institutions)

Author(s):Gheorghe Sebastian Iacob, Maria-Luiza Hrestic
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management
Page Range:154-159
No. of Pages:5
Keywords:human capital; public institution; knowledge based economy;
Summary/Abstract:The human resource has come to the attention of specialists, especially those in the economic field, when it was found, both at individual and at country level, that the highest profits are due to investment in knowledge, skills, qualification and less in physical capital (machinery, construction, machines, equipment, etc.). The increasing importance of human capital is largely determined by the development of information and communication technologies and, in particular, by the transition to the “knowledge-based economy”. The theory of human capital has thus succeeded in supporting and arguing the individual's decision to continue his studies, the differentiation of salary by skill and age, the demand for educational services and medical assistance, the influence of education on growth and economic development, the transmission of economic inequalities from generation to generation, thus contributing to the establishment of educational policies and their correlation with labor market requirements. Human capital is the main wealth of society and the main factor of economic growth. Although it is known that what people produce can be gathered and multiplied, resulting in important aggregates and indices in the economic context, formal education, personal skills and health play an important role in this sense. All are essential constituents of human capital. Also, human capital theory has managed to provide arguments about the individual's decision to continue his studies, to improve educational services and health care, and much more. For society, human capital produces long-lasting economic and social effects, making it easier to move from poverty to wealth.

Comparative Study on the Regulation of Group Companies Accounts Consolidation – Anglo-Saxon Approach versus Continental Approach

Comparative Study on the Regulation of Group Companies Accounts Consolidation – Anglo-Saxon Approach versus Continental Approach
(Comparative Study on the Regulation of Group Companies Accounts Consolidation – Anglo-Saxon Approach versus Continental Approach)

Author(s):Violeta State, Andreea Raluca Stoica
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management
Page Range:160-171
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:globalization; euro-accounting harmonization; restatement; consolidation;
Summary/Abstract:The contemporary configuration of economies covers a variety of processes. Firstly, this corresponds to the opening of savings to international transactions and the development of the exchange of goods and services. Secondly, the international mobility of production factors, and especially of capital, denotes what we need to understand through globalization. Globally, companies in the group are an economic unit, to be presented as a whole. In this respect, it is necessary to prepare consolidated financial statements by integrating the individual financial statements of the members of the group. Following the establishment of the reference framework and the conceptual coordinates of the consolidated financial statements, we continued the scientific approach by addressing the main relevant regulations at international, European and national levels, analyzing the evolution over time, existing interdependencies and current status. We presented the evolution of the accounting normalization process in order to highlight the interest for creating accounting norms that will ultimately lead to a unitary mode of action and application in order to achieve comparability of content and interpretation of accounting information. We have followed this process of accounting convergence both at the level of international, European and U.S. institutions, as well as at the level of our country, Romania.

Mathematics – a Transdisciplinary Approach: Interference in Economy

Mathematics – a Transdisciplinary Approach: Interference in Economy
(Mathematics – a Transdisciplinary Approach: Interference in Economy)

Author(s):Ioana Mihai (Sicrieru), Anisoara Duica
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management
Page Range:172-179
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:knowledge; interdisciplinarity; mathematics; pluridisciplinarity; transdisciplinarity;
Summary/Abstract:This paper presents briefly the notions of interdisciplinarity, pluridisciplinarity, transdisciplinarity and their importance in modern society, but at the same time proposes an interdisciplinary approach between mathematics and various sciences or fields of activity, taking into account that in recent years, universities, institutions research and funding agencies have made great efforts to encourage interdisciplinary research.

Trends in Women Education and Training in Romania

Trends in Women Education and Training in Romania
(Trends in Women Education and Training in Romania)

Author(s):Violeta Andreea Andreiana, Laura Marcu
Language:English
Subject(s):Adult Education
Page Range:180-190
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:adult learning; education; gender gap; training; Romania; women;
Summary/Abstract:Among EU Member States, Romania has one of the highest rates of early leavers from education. Meanwhile, adult training is quite low compared to the European average. These factors affect young people's ability to integrate both social and labour market. In our paper, we analyze the participation of Romanian female population in the educational process. For this purpose we use descriptive statistics to highlight the evolution of the participation in education of the female population, the gap that exists between men and women in terms of early school leave, tertiary studies fulfilled and adult learning.

Green Accounting - Pivot of Non-Financial Reporting

Green Accounting - Pivot of Non-Financial Reporting
(Green Accounting - Pivot of Non-Financial Reporting)

Author(s):Sorina Geanina Stanescu, Constantin Aurelian Ionescu, Mihaela Denisa Coman
Language:English
Subject(s):Human Ecology, Business Ethics
Page Range:191-199
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:accounting; environment; reports; costs;
Summary/Abstract:Lately we talk often about an expansion of financial reporting through the integration of environmental information in the financial statements. Environmental issues become essential for many companies and lots are becoming to include these aspects in their financial reports. Recognizing, evaluating and presenting these issues are the responsibility of management. Thus, is developed a new form of accounting - green accounting, or environmental accounting, as a link for the interaction between the environment and the economy. The objective principal of this research is to present the role that green accounting plays in developing non-financial reporting by identifying and assessing environmental costs and integrating them into reports published by economic entities. After Romania joined the European Union use and implementation the green accounting by national enterprises is increasingly evident. Environmental accounting or green accounting is as a necessary tool for substantiating decisions, is a system used to organize, manage and provide data and information for environment. We initiate the present scientific approach with a theoretical research in order to identify the main stages of the occurrence and the evolution of the environmental accounting. In the final part, we will present the involvement of international accounting organizations in the publication of environmental information, promoting the environmental balance as a form of publication the environmental information in international level.

Environmental Audit Contribution to the Evaluation and Control of Environmental Information

Environmental Audit Contribution to the Evaluation and Control of Environmental Information
(Environmental Audit Contribution to the Evaluation and Control of Environmental Information)

Author(s):Sorina Geanina Stanescu, Constantin Aurelian Ionescu, Mihaela Denisa Coman
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management
Page Range:200-213
No. of Pages:13
Keywords:environmental auditing; environmental accounting; environmental remediation costs; environmental management system;
Summary/Abstract:The importance of environmental information at international level has contributed to the evolution of environmental reporting of economic entities, both in the annual financial statements and in special reports dedicated exclusively to environment and sustainable development. Thus, a new concept - environmental audit - emerges as an instrument for the certification and control of environmental information in accordance with legal regulations. Environmental auditing has been developed to reduce the environmental costs and recognized sanctions for industrial accidents with environmental and human impacts. The main purpose of this research is to present how the environmental audit contributes to the evaluation and the control of the environmental information, which are published by the enterprise whose activity have an significant impact about the environment. Environmental auditing is a voluntary activity, standardized by independent, non-regulatory professional bodies. The research undertaken is part of constructive, positivist research, using descriptive analysis as the main method of research. The source of the information used in this article is the study of scientific papers in the field of environmental auditing, scientific papers in the field of environmental and accounting researches regarding the environment of the normative acts, as well as other reports and communications on environmental information and the international standards applicable on environment field.

Emotional Intelligence – A Condition of Managerial Success

Emotional Intelligence – A Condition of Managerial Success
(Emotional Intelligence – A Condition of Managerial Success)

Author(s):Ionica-Luminita Stoenica
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Social psychology and group interaction
Page Range:214-220
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:competencies; emotional intelligence; management; manager; performance;
Summary/Abstract:Emotional intelligence is nowadays an essential attribute of any efficient manager who is concerned about achieving great results and being successful in his career and life. One can state, according to experts in the area, that success-oriented management begins with the manager’s inner life management, which is a difficult task. Before leading others, one must be able to analyze oneself, understand oneself and control one’s own feelings and emotions, also to empathize and develop constructive relationships in order to get oriented towards one’s goals and towards success. So that an institution should make progress, it is essential for the manager to create a working climate meant to provide the staff with a positive state, full of confidence and optimism, honesty and comfort. A successful manager is characterized by flexibility, adaptability to diverse situations and a positive mood, which enhances the employees’ achievements. Therefore, creating a healthy positive climate involves activating the components of both the manager’s and the employees’ emotional intelligence. Good self-knowledge helps managers organize themselves better, be more emphatic and coordinate their employees’ activity more efficiently towards professional performance, acting optimistically, enthusiastically, persuasively and firmly in order to achieve the objectives. They are motivated for reaching the highest results, for accomplishing their aims and thus they mobilize their positive emotions for this purpose. Developed emotional intelligence, with all its components, represents an asset, providing extra credibility and being at the same time a condition for a top manager who acts efficiently in a well-functioning organizational background.

The Impact of Managerial Accounting Tools in Decision-Making

The Impact of Managerial Accounting Tools in Decision-Making
(The Impact of Managerial Accounting Tools in Decision-Making)

Author(s):Rebeca Ioana Bostan, Silviu Constantin Nastasia, Anca Marta Ciobanu
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management
Page Range:221-233
No. of Pages:12
Keywords:management accounting; decision making; accounting tools; dashboard; performance;
Summary/Abstract:Any decision involves an elementary logical decision-making process that consists in gathering information, choosing certain alternatives, taking into account future benefits and costs, and evaluating the results obtained. The decision-making and the initiation of actions for the operationalization of the decisions are made under the conditions of more and more intense challenges and pressures, inside and outside the organization, therefore one of the solutions the manager has to use to make her own activity more efficient is to harness relevant and operative information. It is important that a decision is taken when there is a discrepancy between the current situation and the desired results, and the decision-maker is aware of this discrepancy and is obliged to change it. The paper presents general aspects of managerial decision making, useful tools for managers to analyze the influence of cost factors in decision-making, the way in which accountants prepare their useful information in substantiating decisions. Of the many instruments used for decision-making, the scoreboard plays a fundamental role. The dashboard is recommended in any managerial situation where managers adopt a certain decision-making behavior. In the category of management tools used in the management process, the dashboard is one of the methods that should not be missed by any manager.

Investment in Education at EU Level

Investment in Education at EU Level
(Investment in Education at EU Level)

Author(s):Diana Andreia Hristache, Valentin Dimon
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Adult Education
Page Range:234-240
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:education; investment; human capital; manager;
Summary/Abstract:Education is a culture of character, a habit against nature, but the only one that distinguishes people. It is an art that makes the conscious pass into the subconscious, it is a fact of the school, and of a virtue that every individual carries within. Everywhere in the world, leaders or managers are forced to make capital investment decisions. Investment options are pre-weighed extensively and all asset acquisition options and alternatives are analyzed in detail. For example, for the acquisition of a car, meaning an investment of a few tens of thousands of euros, the criteria are: "Which is the best in terms of quality/price, and which has the highest level of reliability?" the same questions, however, are asked when making investment decisions in human capital. The success of a business in today's times is extremely dependent on the understanding that the importance of long-term investment in people and human capital is a huge one.

Impact of Leadership Team Values and Performance on Organizational Behavior

Impact of Leadership Team Values and Performance on Organizational Behavior
(Impact of Leadership Team Values and Performance on Organizational Behavior)

Author(s):Ion Stegaroiu, Valentin Radu, Hamit Simsek, Alina Iuliana Tabirca
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management
Page Range:241-251
No. of Pages:10
Keywords:performance; organisation behaviour; leadership; team values;
Summary/Abstract:The authors investigated the relationship between leadership team values and organizational behaviour, form a theoretical point of view. Due to the fact that we live in an era of continuous change, in which the technology surprises us every day, which passes more and wherever we want it or not, we must respond to these fluctuations. For people to survive, they have to adapt to the circumstances and events around them. If they seek to evolve and of course develop, the human species must make major changes and face all kinds of attempts. It's not just that changes are taking place at an increasingly rapid pace. The future itself no longer has the same conception as in the past. Drucker states that "All institutions exist and operate in two periods of time: today and tomorrow. The future is preparing today and is often irrevocable. That is why managers have to organize both the present and the future. In times of change, managers do not have to imagine that the future is a continuation of the present. On the contrary, they have to turn to change and change, both as an opportunity and as a threat." Building a high performing, values-driven team that utilizes the strengths of its members requires commitment and an ongoing process of values management that becomes deeply ingrained into the ethos of the team. In this article we will analyse what is not working. We provide you with an overview of what drives your leaders, how they work together, and what they want to build on or develop for the future.

Educational Management by Implementation of Non-Living Tertiary Education as Necessity to National Economy

Educational Management by Implementation of Non-Living Tertiary Education as Necessity to National Economy
(Educational Management by Implementation of Non-Living Tertiary Education as Necessity to National Economy)

Author(s):Sorinel Mihalcea, Delia Iuliana Banica, Gabriela Boca
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Adult Education
Page Range:252-261
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:Educational management; national economy; national economy; managers;
Summary/Abstract:This paper meets the analysts' forecasts of a new economic crisis that Romania will face in 2018. The competent and efficient management of education at both the system and the educational institution requires its scientific substantiation. The basis of this is the science of education management or educational management. The success of management in general and especially of education can be more importantly enhanced by the intelligent actions of managers and the achievement of more and better performance, with less, referring to time, material and financial resources, human resources, efforts etc., characteristics determined by the fact that we all manage our life and work, and some of us and others. It can be appreciated that the value and effectiveness of managerial activity depend to a great extent on its substantiation on the theory of management science and the elevated, multidimensional skills of the manager, qualities that have the force to mobilize all the resources (human, informational, financial, etc.) to successfully achieve the objectives of each domain and each social unit. Education managers, starting from the fact that education is the most important factor of human education and education and the most dynamic socio-human field, must ensure its change and adaptation to the information society requirements in order to train the young generation on the basis of language and technology so that every man prepared by the school knows how to work with the computer, both for his training and for solving professional problems after his graduation from school or faculty.

Unconstitutionality of Exoneration from Legal Liability of Local Dignitaries

Unconstitutionality of Exoneration from Legal Liability of Local Dignitaries
(Unconstitutionality of Exoneration from Legal Liability of Local Dignitaries)

Author(s):Ioana Panagoreț, Vasile Ivan Ivanoff
Language:English
Subject(s):Constitutional Law
Page Range:262-268
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:disclaimer; liability; responsibility; local elected officials; breach of the principle of legality;
Summary/Abstract:The present study highlights the unconstitutionality of art. 128 of the Law no. 215/2001, as introduced by Law no. 140/2017, since the above-mentioned text only exonerates from liability a wide range of elected local dignitaries, depriving them of any responsibility and deleting from their content the competences and attributions assigned to them by the organic and ordinary laws relevant in this matter. It is for the first time in our legal system when serious legal and constitutional threats are being created, bringing over a lawful category of public officials, seriously infringing Article 16 of the Constitution. It surprises the inefficiency of the People's Advocate and of the Constitutional Court in analyzing the constitutionality of this text of the law both a priori and subsequent of its adoption. In the situation of the changes to Article 128, does it somehow place us in this paradigm of the elimination of liability, because there is "too much responsibility"? We think it is not appropriate to draw such a conclusion! The arguments invoked by us in this study do nothing to converge with the doctrinal opinions already expressed in the literature and to support the quasi-unanimity of the existing opinions regarding the unconstitutionality of the above mentioned law.

The Appeal in Interpretation in the International Jurisdictional Practice

The Appeal in Interpretation in the International Jurisdictional Practice
(The Appeal in Interpretation in the International Jurisdictional Practice)

Author(s):Denisa Barbu
Language:English
Subject(s):Constitutional Law, Court case
Page Range:269-275
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:jurisdictional practice; the interpretation; the method; decision; the competence;
Summary/Abstract:Apart from other remedies - reviewing or appealing, jurisdictional practice also knows the recourse in interpreting and rectifying errors. Thus, when the IJC had the power to pronounce a decision, it also has the competence to interpret it, as in art. 98 of the ICJ Regulation. The Court may, at the request of either party, interpret one of its judgments if there is a disagreement between the views of the parties as to the meaning of the Court’s judgments. In practice, few interpretations requests are known to the Court. The Permanent Court of International Justice was seized twice with such requests, in 1925, for the interpretation of the judgment of 12 September 1924 in the Neuilly Treaty of Peace, the examination of which was refused because it exceeded the provisions of that judgment and in 1926, concerning the interpretation of the judgment of 25 May 1925 pronounced in the Case of German Interests in Upper Silesia, which was admitted by the Court for consideration. As regards the rectification of errors, this appeal is recognized, unlike the ICJ, only by the ECHR practice, and is governed by the Court’s Rules of Art. 81, according to which the errors of writing or computing and the obvious inaccuracies can be rectified by any jurisdictional body of the ECHR, either ex officio, or at the request of a party. Also, the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in Annex VII art. 12 provides for the option to lodge an appeal for interpretation on the arbitral award issued. Thus, in the event of differences between the parties regarding the interpretation or the method of interpreting the judgment, the interested party has the right to refer the arbitral tribunal of the decision to a request for interpretation.

The Review – a Legal Remedy against International Law Opposability

The Review – a Legal Remedy against International Law Opposability
(The Review – a Legal Remedy against International Law Opposability)

Author(s):Octavian Florin Barbu, Cristian Alexandru Mitroi
Language:English
Subject(s):International Law
Page Range:276-281
No. of Pages:5
Keywords:the remedies; sentence; the examination; arbitration agreement; Convention;
Summary/Abstract:Legal remedies against opposability are mechanisms that aim at obtaining a court’s withdrawal of its previous decision or the annulment or reformulation of the previously adopted decision. The system of the respective legal means, which, in fact represents different ways of appeal, is incomplete and differs from that provided by the national law. The review is a remedy reserved to sustainable courts, which consists in the possibility for the parties to draw a decision that was previously wrongly pronounced. It is a review of judgments that have been formulated on the basis of erroneous data (facts which at the time of the examination of the case were ignored and subsequently discovered) that played a decisive role in making a decision from an arbitrator or a judge. Art. 61 of the IJC Statute provides that the trial may be started without the consent of the other party and, implicitly, may be opened upon the submission of a unilateral request. As a rule, a review request is examined by the contentious party that issued the decision under review. The review request is solved in two stages. In the first stage, the Chamber or the Grand Chamber can declare of its own motion to reject the application on the ground that nothing justifies its examination. In the second stage, if the application was not rejected, the Registrar shall communicate it to all other interested parties, to submit any written observations within the time limit set by the Judge. The arbitration panels may also be subject to the review procedure in accordance with the conditions laid down in the 1907. Thus, according to Art. 83 of the Convention, in order to be able to use the review of the arbitral award, the parties are obliged to reserve this right in the arbitration agreement, which also stipulates the term in which a request for revision of the sentence may be filed.

Conditions of Validity of the Lease Agreement and its Possibility in the Case of the Arrangement

Conditions of Validity of the Lease Agreement and its Possibility in the Case of the Arrangement
(Conditions of Validity of the Lease Agreement and its Possibility in the Case of the Arrangement)

Author(s):Cristian Alexandru Mitroi
Language:English
Subject(s):Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Law on Economics
Page Range:282-294
No. of Pages:12
Summary/Abstract:At first glance, reading only the provisions of art. 1836-1850 Civil Code regarding agricultural lease contract, it can be concluded that, apart from a few special provisions about the derived object, the conclusion of an agricultural lease agreement would not involve specific issues in relation to the conditions of validity. But at a more careful assessment, including a corroboration of specific legal provisions of the agricultural lease contract with those set out in the matter of the lease, it appears that, at least on the capacity, scope, and form, there are specific legal requirements that circumstantiates the conditions of the analyzed contract in terms of validity. In the material presented, I shall try, after a brief overview of the concept and legal features of agricultural lease agreements, to identify key elements, specific and exceptional provisions of this contract in terms of its conditions of validity by exposing problems of interpretation that may arise about the issues mentioned. We will also analyze the conditions under which the rentable lease agreement concluded against the new owner works in the case of the alienation of the leased property.

Criminological Aspects of Violence against Women

Criminological Aspects of Violence against Women
(Criminological Aspects of Violence against Women)

Author(s):Lavinia-Mihaela Vladila
Language:English
Subject(s):Criminal Law
Page Range:295-307
No. of Pages:12
Keywords:violence against women; causes; effects; criminological aspects;
Summary/Abstract:Violence against women is one of the social and legal paradoxes of our times. Regardless of the social development and the cultural or religious edges, it is found, in all European states and in all social layers. The current study aims to discover the preponderances in the social environment in which we often see this obscure form of violence, descending from ancient times until nowadays. We aim to identify the preponderant age of the victims, but also of the aggressors, their occupation, the causes of the violence against women most often occurring between partners. Our study shall present some of the statistics, in fact poor, currently existing in Romania. Reducing violence against women by understanding its social mechanisms and by appropriate legal response is a way of social responsibility for each of us.

Social Responsibility versus Managerial Performance as a Psychological Strategy in Human Resource Management

Social Responsibility versus Managerial Performance as a Psychological Strategy in Human Resource Management
(Social Responsibility versus Managerial Performance as a Psychological Strategy in Human Resource Management)

Author(s):Laurentiu Baranga, Simona-Maria Baranga, Vladimir Nitu
Language:English
Subject(s):Human Resources in Economy
Page Range:308-316
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:responsibility; performance; motivation; psychology; recruitment;
Summary/Abstract:Staff recruitment, benefits systems, professional training programs, internal communication, health, employee safety, their involvement in community life and their attitude to the environment, stress management, change management - all get a new dimension if they are addressed from a double perspective of organizations that are aware of the social impact. Over time, the concerns of psychologists and managers about explaining human behavior have given rise to a number of motivational theories. This paper presents 3 motivational theories which are considered more important, namely:

Stress in Romanian Corporations

Stress in Romanian Corporations
(Stress in Romanian Corporations)

Author(s):Ioana Catalina Ghita
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Human Resources in Economy
Page Range:317-326
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:stress; behaviour; human resources; stress management; big companies;
Summary/Abstract:At present, large companies from all around the world reduce their costs and become more and more efficient by employing about 60.000 people from our country. Large foreign corporations are opening offices in Romania, managing their various outsourced services here. To avoid redundancy in staff grids, big companies tend to move various services into one place (eg. a call center to serve a large number of countries). This is why the expenses of large companies are reduced because the labor force in the countries where they established their centers is cheap, our country being among the preferred outsourcing services. Although initially reluctant and less interested with the impact that distress has on employees and how it affects their lives, recently companies have begun to pay attention to occupational stress in terms of the considerable financial costs involved. Employees and employers seem to have different views on management's concern to reduce this risk factor in the sense that employees believe that their companies do not take sufficient steps to reduce the negative effects of stress, although some of the effects could be removed with a minimum of resources. A common business model is to force the employee, and when he gives up, to replace it. However, when employees are valuable, management will start to reconsider their comfort. Big companies know that stress is equivalent to inefficiency, and they don’t want to be inefficient, so they will try to motivate people.

Digital Transformation Peculiarities in Bulgaria

Digital Transformation Peculiarities in Bulgaria
(Digital Transformation Peculiarities in Bulgaria)

Author(s):Krasimir Shishmanov
Language:English
Subject(s):ICT Information and Communications Technologies
Page Range:327-334
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:digital transformation; digital economy; digitization; e-commerce;
Summary/Abstract:A characteristic feature of modern business is that it functions in a new digital reality. It is progressively and irrevocably, as it changes not only our lives, but also, in the first place, forces the business to adapt to the new conditions, to innovate, to transform their business strategies according to the requirements and specifics of the digital economy. The idea is not to destroy the traditional business but to develop, improve and become more competitive with the help of digitization. The digital economy opens up a great deal but requires a deep understanding of what it is, what its specifics and principles of functioning, its positive and negative sides, how to use the opportunities provided to enable it realize and have a positive effect on the digital transformation of the business. In addition to this, important questions such as: What are the main areas of digital transformation? How to build the business strategy of digital transformation? What are its tools and methods, what should be done in its individual stages? What are the main challenges and difficulties that need to be recognized and overcome? What knowledge and skills do the professionals have to be adaptable to the requirements of the digital economy? The use of new technologies and the transformation to the digital economy are associated with serious changes that force companies and sometimes industries to reconsider the value of their products and services to customers.

Several Causes and Sustainable Solutions of School Dropout in Romania

Several Causes and Sustainable Solutions of School Dropout in Romania
(Several Causes and Sustainable Solutions of School Dropout in Romania)

Author(s):Laura Monica Gorghiu, Roxana Constanța Enache, Ana-Maria Aurelia Petrescu, Gabriel Gorghiu
Language:English
Subject(s):Adult Education, Educational Psychology, Policy, planning, forecast and speculation
Page Range:335-343
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:school dropout; educational policies; social policies; general compulsory education; ROSE Project;
Summary/Abstract:The school dropout phenomenon involves an extremely complex causality and - at the same time - represents a difficult and sensible problem faced by the contemporary society, not only in Romania, but also in the whole European area. Through this paper, we aim to identify the views of a sample of primary and secondary teachers concerning the causes of the school dropout in the Romanian school and the effectiveness of social and/or educational policies implemented so far. We also propose - following the investigative research - to identify and underline several sustainable solutions, in order to be applied in the context of the Romanian society and educational system, regarding the prevention and mitigation of this phenomenon. At macro level, it is important to increase the access to education, mostly in the case of disadvantaged students. At micro level, monitoring the students with big potential of school dropout and adopting of measures which limit this phenomenon seem to be crucial. In this format, just the primary and secondary teachers were questioned, but the research illustrated in this paper was carried out in order to justify and prepare a Grant dedicated to limit the university students drop-out, in the frame of the ROSE programme.

Information and Communication Technologies and Education

Information and Communication Technologies and Education
(Information and Communication Technologies and Education)

Author(s):Liliana Peter
Language:English
Subject(s):Educational Psychology, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
Page Range:344-353
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:technologies; communicating; information; education; management;
Summary/Abstract:The main goal of this article is the way of implementing the new technologies of informing and communicating in education. The advantages of using the new technologies in education are multiple: the reduction of time consumption, the possibility of adapting personal education programs, the possibility of fast accommodation with the changes and the new knowledge from various fields, extended interdisciplinary education opportunities. The didactic means have evolved and diversified over time from printed course support to learning programs with direct transmission or video recording on TV, to interactive multimedia information in real time with the help of the internet. In the educational field, the necessity for information and communication is realized through the registered progress that creates new opportunities and advantages in the training process. The informational and communicational technology impact over education is remarkable and it seems that this development will lead to positive effects, but will also lead additional issues. The process of replacing the real life with components, the aspects brought by the media can be called virtualization. In education, this phenomenon is manifesting when computers are used to substitute the learning experiences that were previously made in contact with the teacher or to give the chance to learn what in the past wouldn’t have been available to anyone. The specificity of the management of these structures emerges from the particularities brought by the new realities: moving the focus of the broadcasting institution from the savoir determination to the educator’s autonomy to conquer and build, through new technologies of communicating and informing. After some analysts, the introduction of new informational technologies in education has in subsidiary hidden ideologies, designed to position the social actors to the actual world. “The valorization of NTIC in the educational field dreams less of modernizing the school, than producing of a new conception of an institution where the finalities would not consist in the social emancipation of subjects, but in their incorporation in the technical, economical and capitalist complex.” (Thellen, 2002). Through the codification and standardization systems, through the promotion policies and the advertising strategies, through the fair competition, through the subsequent legal frameworks, the NTIC promoters are creating bridges for access to benefits, which, far from being accessible to anyone, are creating and deepening inequalities. Because of that, one of the preconditions of virtualization of training is to reduce gaps in creating the premises of equal access to such instruments.

Promoting Creativity and Innovative Spirit in the Learning Process Through Advanced Web-Based Technologies

Promoting Creativity and Innovative Spirit in the Learning Process Through Advanced Web-Based Technologies
(Promoting Creativity and Innovative Spirit in the Learning Process Through Advanced Web-Based Technologies)

Author(s):Veronica Stefan, Mircea Constantin Duica, Liliana Condratchi
Language:English
Subject(s):ICT Information and Communications Technologies
Page Range:354-361
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:key competences; transversal skills; simulated enterprises; entrepreneurial skills;
Summary/Abstract:Throughout the history of evolution of humanity, knowledge, creativity and innovation have been the decisive factors in the intellectual as well as the economic development. However, lately, the tools necessary to crate, share and apply knowledge have cardinally changed. As a result, the economy is transformed into an economy which has knowledge and creativity at its foundation, as a cornerstone, and the production process generates an innovation-based production, which involves the use of knowledge applied in technology, know-how, new organizational structures and management. The current generation has little and a fairly fragile experience in the development and evolution of the capitalist state and, thus, it is not prepared to deal with the economic crisis and the stages of recession. For this purpose, a philosophy of change, flexibility and intelligent survival is welcome. Under such conditions, it becomes absolutely necessary for the citizens of a country to be trained towards the development of flexible and adaptable behavior by cultivating creative skills and innovative spirit. Based on classifications of online tools and Web technology solutions applied through advanced learning methods, the conditions for their application and use will be analyzed, looking at the effects that have been recorded so far and further refinements.

The Impact of School Infrastructure on the Performance of Pupils

The Impact of School Infrastructure on the Performance of Pupils
(The Impact of School Infrastructure on the Performance of Pupils)

Author(s):Cristina Elena Ion (Stroe), Ramona Oana Hamburdă (Bauer)
Language:English
Subject(s):School education
Page Range:362-367
No. of Pages:5
Keywords:performance; pupils; educational units;
Summary/Abstract:The performance of schools, regardless of the level of training, is given by the quality of the teachers but also of the students. This article has assumed that material resources in schools have a significant influence on pupils' performance, and in this respect we have used: investigation of secondary sources and correlation. The most important conclusions of the article show that the school infrastructure (the number of computers and laboratories) in the educational units has a direct and strong impact on the promotion of primary and secondary education.

Continentalisation: Balkan Peninsula Integrat’s Concept

Continentalisation: Balkan Peninsula Integrat’s Concept
(Continentalisation: Balkan Peninsula Integrat’s Concept)

Author(s):Nikola Yankov
Language:English
Subject(s):Economic development
Page Range:368-377
No. of Pages:9
Keywords:continetalisation; Recontinentalisation; Balkan Peninsula; Balkan integration process; Diagonal development;
Summary/Abstract:The article is commenting the relation between Globalisation and Continentalisation. It states that a new direction for Europe is rethinking the continentalisation under the prism of the Balkan Peninsula EU integration process. This new direction we name re continentalisation. In Balkan Peninsula context, it means formation of a Pan Balkan states’ entity. In this regard, the article presents the idea of the Balkan Peninsula external integration process and its result – an integrat. We present some ideas about specific tools for conceptualising and developing of the integrat. The accents are put on matters as networking, the role of the universities in preparing integration development has oriented specialists/entrepreneneurs – namely strategic thinkers and visionary individuals. Some answers of the question “What have to be the next steps for BP integration process? Are given. Some ideas about Trans border integration axes and corridors as a tool are presented.

The Tourism Potential of the Bulgarian Danube Region

The Tourism Potential of the Bulgarian Danube Region
(The Tourism Potential of the Bulgarian Danube Region)

Author(s):Rositsa Koleva, Galya Kusheva
Language:English
Subject(s):Tourism
Page Range:378-385
No. of Pages:7
Keywords:tourism; regional development; trends;
Summary/Abstract:Successful performance on potential tourism markets requires that regions which are both sufficiently large and easily recognizable to Bulgarian and foreign tourists be presented. It is a common objective of the European Commission and the governments of the fourteen EU countries along the Danube to enhance the cooperation and communication between local citizens by designing a Danube Strategy that will integrate the markets within the EU and promote interregional and international cooperation. Sustainable tourism development, which has become a major priority for Bulgaria, requires the efficient exploitation of the tourism potential of the country and active intercultural collaboration. It also entails developing integrated cross-border and transnational projects to design a common Danube Tourism Strategy, develop a common tourism market and initiate a range of initiatives to promote Danube tourism products in different spheres of tourism - cultural, wine, agricultural, cruise, balneo, spa and wellness, biking and hiking. Some of the key activities within the framework of the Danube Tourism Strategy include improved infrastructure planning and development; establishing the Danube region as a European tourism brand and a major destination; promoting cultural tourism and cultural exchange; developing eco-tourism and active tourism. The Concept about Tourism Zoning of Bulgaria has identified nine tourism regions in the country. One of them is the Danube region where more than a quarter of all Bulgarian municipalities are situated. This paper studies the dynamics of the major indicators of tourism development in the Danube tourism region in the period from 2010 to 2015. We review current trends and conduct a factor analysis of changes in receipts from overnight stays. We also identify key factors which contribute to or hinder tourism development in the region. The paper compares the indicators of the region with the indicators of the other tourism regions in the country and highlights a major strategic issue, i.e. the noticeable contrast in the development of different regions in Bulgaria.

Development Strategy of Romanian vs. Norwegian Sport

Development Strategy of Romanian vs. Norwegian Sport
(Development Strategy of Romanian vs. Norwegian Sport)

Author(s):Ciprian Gheorghe Popescu
Language:English
Subject(s):Sports Studies
Page Range:386-394
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:development strategy; Romanian sport; Norwegian sport; performance; human resources; financial resources;
Summary/Abstract:Applying some realistic strategies inside an organization also has impact at macroeconomic level. Determining the growth of the obtained performances, therefore their contribution to the national budget will be clearly superior. Applying realistic strategies leads to the growth of general performances of national economy, reflected in the volume and the dynamics of the gross national product, the national income and the other macroeconomic indicators. The sport’s development strategies on the territory of the two analyzed countries: Romania and Norway, are designed differently, but they still have some common elements. The two countries have come up with strategic objectives that aim at developing the sport’s subsystems (sport for everyone, performance sport, sport for people with disabilities), but also at optimizing their related resources: research and development, human resources, material resources, and financial resources. The strategy is meant to capture the work of the organization and the politics regarding sport activities on all age segments and performance levels. Unlike the Romanian sport development strategy which was designed on the long term (2016-2032period), the Norwegian sport development strategy is thought for a shorter period of time, the lastone published was 4 years ago (2011-2015). The present article will present the two strategies and a comparative study.

New Genotypes of Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L.) Productivity and Adaptability under Environmental Conditions in Southern Romania

New Genotypes of Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L.) Productivity and Adaptability under Environmental Conditions in Southern Romania
(New Genotypes of Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L.) Productivity and Adaptability under Environmental Conditions in Southern Romania)

Author(s):Rodica Sturzu, Cristina Meluca, Sorina Cernat
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Agriculture
Page Range:395-406
No. of Pages:11
Keywords:castor bean; yields; variability coefficient; correlations;
Summary/Abstract:This paper’s aim is to identify new castor bean genotypes created at Agricultural Research and Development Station Teleorman in Southern Romania, with an improved productivity and adaptability to the area’s environmental conditions. The study has dealt with 15 castor bean genotypes during three years’ time (2013-2015). The experiment was made according to the fully randomized block method, in three replications. The results of the variance analysis have shown that there was a significant difference between the castor bean genotypes regarding the grain yield. The three years’ average yield has shown that both lines T 647/02 (2711 kg/ha) and T 2410 (2529 kg/ha) and the varieties Rivlas (2701 kg/ha) and Dragon (2451 kg/ha) have registered the highest productions, with significant production supplies (623-883 kg/ha) compare to the control variety Cristian (1828 kg/ha). The crops stability was estimated by the means of the variability coefficient. The correlations analysis showed that there are strong relationships between productions and productivity elements: the seeds’ weight per primary raceme (r=0,992), the capsules’ weight per primary raceme (r=0,925) and the number of seeds per primary raceme (r=0,841), as well as between the productivity elements: the capsules’ weight and the seeds’ weight per primary raceme (r=0,929), the weight and the number of seeds per primary raceme (r=0,832), the capsules’ weight and the number of seeds per primary raceme (r=0,736). Also, there are significant positive correlations between the plant’s height with the insertion height of the primary raceme (r=0,625) and the primary raceme length (r=0,625). There is a significant negative correlation between number of seeds per primary raceme and weight of a thousand seeds (r=0,586). The results achieved in the study suggest that the castor genotypes are productive and adapted to the weather conditions in South Romania, recommended to be grown in this agricultural area.

Behavior of Premium Wheat Varieties in the Southern Area of Romania and Improvement of the Technological Management of their Implementation

Behavior of Premium Wheat Varieties in the Southern Area of Romania and Improvement of the Technological Management of their Implementation
(Behavior of Premium Wheat Varieties in the Southern Area of Romania and Improvement of the Technological Management of their Implementation)

Author(s):Sorina Cernat, Rodica Sturzu, Cezarina Necula
Language:English
Subject(s):Agriculture, Financial Markets
Page Range:407-419
No. of Pages:12
Keywords:wheat; premium varieties; fertilizers; production; economic efficiency;
Summary/Abstract:The aim of the study was to determine the various ways of fertilization of wheat, in accordance with characteristics of the chosen varieties, pre-plant and the pedo-climatic conditions specific to the Burnas Plain. Through the research, the quantitative and qualitative increase of the wheat production, the differentiation according to the biological material used (variety) was pursued, all based on the use of 5 variants of fertilization, emphasizing also the costs involved by each of them - parallel input-output for the economic efficiency of culture. The results obtained from the experiments carried out during this period offer, as a novelty element, multi-level comparisons between the Romanian wheat varieties and the Austrian premium varieties provided by SC Probstdorfer Saatzucht Romania SRL [1]. The researches took place in the Burnasului Plain, within the S.C.D.A. Teleorman (Drăgăneşti-Vlaşca), on soils of the molisoluri type, cernoziom cambic type, with medium, clay-claytexture..The research that led to the production of production results is extremely different, depending on the environmental conditions (among which the climatic ones had the greates timpact) on the influence of the fertilizers and the wheat varieties used in the study. Production results show that any of the fertilization variants yields significant wheat yields. With the exception of the Biovin 150kg treatment only, when production increases by 15.48-23.31% compared to the untreated control (maximum 896 kg / ha in 2014-2015), all other fattening systems (N80, P80 and complex - N80 + P80 + Biovin 150) are statistically assured in the favorable years (2014-2015, 2015-2016.) with increases of 40-75% - 2373.33 kg / ha at N80, 2863.33 kg / ha at P80 and 2869.33 kg / ha at the complex in .2014-2015. The data showed that, as a whole, Romanian varieties .are better responding to this differentiated fattening (N80, P80, Biovin 150) compared to premium varieties. Regarding the application of the NPB (N80 + P80. + Biovin 150) complex, both Romanian and premium varieties offer similar production incrases.

Strategic Directions of Romania in the Field of Energy Policy

Strategic Directions of Romania in the Field of Energy Policy
(Strategic Directions of Romania in the Field of Energy Policy)

Author(s):Constantin Popescu, Maria-Luiza Hrestic
Language:English
Subject(s):Economic development
Page Range:420-428
No. of Pages:8
Keywords:energy policy; energy security; renewable energy sources; sustainable development;
Summary/Abstract:Beyond energy and climate policy, the energy union aims at a structural modernization of the European economy. It promotes the structural reform of the use of energy and resources in all key sectors: energy, with its central role, construction, transport, industry, agriculture and, more generally, land exploitation. Also, the energy union is an investment strategy, which has positive effects on the economy and employment and takes into account its impact on regions and vulnerable people. By focusing on energy efficiency and internal energy resources, it will strengthen the EU's position on world markets. The 2018 evaluation of the progress made by Member States towards meeting the national energy efficiency targets for 2020 and towards the implementation of the Energy Efficiency Directive shows that after a gradual decrease between 2007 and 2014, energy consumption has started to increase in the last years and, at present, it is a little over the linear path for the objectives set for 2020. This is due to the climatic changes, especially the colder years 2015 and 2016, but also the growth of the economic activity. and low oil prices. The energy intensity in the industry continued to improve by up to 22% between 2005 and 2017, and the energy savings indeed contributed to partially offset the impact of these increases. However, energy savings were not sufficient to maintain a downward trend in total consumption. Although the energy efficiency target set for 2020 is still achievable, the continued increase in energy consumption could jeopardize it. This is why the European Commission has set up a Task Force with Member States to mobilize efforts and fully exploit the potential for energy efficiency.

Ecotourism in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve

Ecotourism in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve
(Ecotourism in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve)

Author(s):Dragoş-Mihai Panagoreț, Andreea Panagoret, Florentina-Raluca Bilcan
Language:English
Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Tourism
Page Range:429-435
No. of Pages:6
Keywords:Ecotourism; Danube Delta; Biosphere Reserve;
Summary/Abstract:In the past years, tourism has been facing a constantly extension. The average annual growth rates has varied from 5 to 10%, making tourism one of the leading sector wich assure worldwide economic and development opportunities This ascending trend was also reflected on ecotourism and has been determined by the expanding desire of city people to go out in nature. These growing trends show us an expanding interest for ecotourism and a transformation of it, starting from a niche market and becoming a leading segment. Although, at the beginning, ecotourism has targeted tourists with experience and with a high level of education and income, now the target tourists have a very wide range of income, education, or travel experiences. The Danube Delta and, implicitly, Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, represents one of the most significant tourist regions in Romania. Danube Delta is declared a UNESCO's natural heritage and it is considered by many people one of the most attractive tourist destinations of Europe, one of those places that must be visited at least once in a lifetime. The Status of the Danube Delta as protected area has led to a process of reorganization of tourism taking place on this area in the context of using sustainable natural resources and specially the landscape assets with minimal impact on the integrity of natural ecosystems.

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