Abrindo rutas, expandindo camiños. Novas perspectivas nos estudos lingüísticos e literarios galegos
Opening routes, expanding paths. New perspectives in Galician linguistic and literary studies
Contributor(s): Michał Belina (Editor), Bartosz Dondelewski (Editor), Aleksandra Jackiewicz (Editor)
Subject(s): History, Language and Literature Studies, Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
Published by: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Keywords: Galician studies; Galician language; literature; language; translation
Summary/Abstract: The volume 'Abrindo rutas, expandindo caminos. Novas perspectivas nos estudos lingüísticos e literarios galegos' contains twenty specialised articles in the field of Galician studies and the latest trends in the study of language, literature, culture, history, and translation, while emphasizing the complexity of the topics discussed. Here we find considerations on issues such as linguistic identity, inclusive language, history and etymology of the Galician language, migration, feminist literature, children’s and young adult literature, ecocriticism, translation, cultural heritage, etc. Both the topics covered and the areas of research represented are diverse, but as a whole they allow to appreciate the essence of Galician studies in the 21st century and confirm the belief that they have a certain and promising future.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-6785-1
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-6777-1
- Page Count: 398
- Publication Year: 2024
- Language: Spanish
INTRODUCIÓN
INTRODUCIÓN
(Introduction)
- Author(s):Michał Belina, Bartosz Dondelewski, Aleksandra Jackiewicz
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:9-11
- No. of Pages:3
O "DICIONARIO HISTÓRICO E ETIMOLÓXICO DA LINGUA GALEGA", UNHA NECESIDADE XA REALIZABLE
O "DICIONARIO HISTÓRICO E ETIMOLÓXICO DA LINGUA GALEGA", UNHA NECESIDADE XA REALIZABLE
(The Historical and Etymological Dictionary of the Galician Language: A Necessity that Can Finally Be Fulfilled)
- Author(s):Manuel González González
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:15-32
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:lexicography; Galician language; historical dictionary; etymological dictionary; historical linguistics
- Summary/Abstract:This paper presents the project for the creation of the historical and etymological dictionary of the Galician language ('Dicionario Histórico e Etimolóxico da Lingua Galega'). The need for such a dictionary was already expressed by Martín Sarmiento, but it has not been possible to fulfil it chiefly because of the difficulties involved in this type of work and the lack of both human and technical resources. It seems that these limitations have now been partially overcome: there are linguists with sufficient training to prepare the dictionary, and textual sources from all periods in the history of the language are available. The paper analyses the main textual corpora at the disposal of the researchers and discusses some of the problems with retrieving information due to the different structure of those works and the adoption of different criteria. It also mentions other resources that will be useful to those creating the dictionary.
O NIVEL MICROESTRUTURAL NO "DICIONARIO HISTÓRICO E ETIMOLÓXICO DA LINGUA GALEGA" (DHELG)
O NIVEL MICROESTRUTURAL NO "DICIONARIO HISTÓRICO E ETIMOLÓXICO DA LINGUA GALEGA" (DHELG)
(The Microstructural Level in 'Dicionario Histórico e Etimolóxico da Lingua Galega' (DHELG))
- Author(s):María-Dolores Sánchez Palomino
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:33-49
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:DHELG; historical lexicography; Galician language; microstructure; dictionary
- Summary/Abstract:'Dicionario Histórico e Etimolóxico da Lingua Galega' (DHELG), the first of its kind, is conceived as a panchronic dictionary that intends to include the Galician patrimonial lexicon without rejecting neologisms, borrowings and technical terms. Moreover, both in the etymological and the historical section, it aspires to provide more information than is usually given in works of this type. Thus, with regard to the first aspect, the dictionary will indicate, when possible and appropriate, up to the second or third link in the etymological chain, as well as the relationship between the meanings of a given word in Latin and in the Galician language. With regard to the historical aspect, in addition to tracing the semantic evolution of the lemma and the sublemmas as well as their phraseology, DHELG will also deal with issues relating to their morphological, syntactic, graphic and even phonetic and pragmatic evolution. The application of these principles generates a complex and comprehensive set of information which is conveniently organised to create the lexicographical article, that is, the microstructural level of the dictionary described in this paper.
A APLICACIÓN DOS CRITERIOS MICROESTRUTURAIS DO "DICIONARIO HISTÓRICO E ETIMOLÓXICO DA LINGUA GALEGA" (DHELG): A VOZ "TESTEMUÑO"
A APLICACIÓN DOS CRITERIOS MICROESTRUTURAIS DO "DICIONARIO HISTÓRICO E ETIMOLÓXICO DA LINGUA GALEGA" (DHELG): A VOZ "TESTEMUÑO"
(The Application of the Microstructural Criteria of 'Dicionario Histórico e Etimolóxico da Lingua Galega' (DHELG): The Headword 'Testemuño')
- Author(s):Xosé María Gómez Clemente
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:51-74
- No. of Pages:24
- Keywords:historical lexicography; historical grammar
- Summary/Abstract:The currently developed project of the historical and etymological dictionary of the Galician language ('Dicionario Histórico e Etimolóxico da Lingua Galega') is in its initial phase during which the numerous elements that will make up the dictionary’s microstructure are being adjusted. This article presents the headword testemuño, attested in 32 phonetic and graphic variants from the Middle Ages to the present day. It has a high number of occurrences (3,770), corresponding to three meanings, two of which are already present in its etymology and the third being a Romance variant. Information is given as it will appear on the platform that is being designed, with additional comments.
"GALICIA NOMEADA": UN ANTES E UN DESPOIS NOS TRABALLOS DE SALVAGARDA DA MICROTOPONIMIA GALEGA
"GALICIA NOMEADA": UN ANTES E UN DESPOIS NOS TRABALLOS DE SALVAGARDA DA MICROTOPONIMIA GALEGA
('Galicia Nomeada': A Before and an After in the Safeguarding of Works of Galician Microtoponymy)
- Author(s):Vicente Feijoo Ares
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:75-103
- No. of Pages:29
- Keywords:microtoponymy; fieldwork; Galicia Nomeada; computer application; collaborative project
- Summary/Abstract:In this paper, we will first briefl present the compilation work on microtoponymy (names of lands, springs, stones, streams, beaches, etc.) that has been carried out in Galicia since 2000. The overview will start with the manual method of the pioneering 'Proxecto Toponimia de Galicia' (PTG 2000–2011) and conclude with the digital methodology of the current collaborative project 'Galicia Nomeada', whose functionalities will be then described in detail. This new digital tool allows Galician citizens, neighbourhood and cultural associations, schools, mountain communities, brotherhoods, etc. to collaborate in the largest collective project for the safeguarding and dissemination of intangible cultural heritage that has ever been realised in Galicia and, most probably, in the whole of Europe. Using a PC or any mobile device connected to the internet, Galicians can compile the place names of their village or parish based on a predefined methodology, enter them in a database and georeference them in a geographic viewer. As we will show, it is also possible to add to each record an attachment illustrating the given toponym if it is a name of an element of cultural interest. These can be, for example, historical documents which include written attestations of the name; audio files capturing its phonetic realisation; and even videos in which informants relate a legend or oral tradition that explains its origin or meaning.
INTEGRACIÓN DOS INMIGRANTES NA SOCIEDADE DE ACOLLIDA: INMIGRACIÓN GALEGA E POLÍTICA LINGÜÍSTICA E DE INTEGRACIÓN DE SUÍZA
INTEGRACIÓN DOS INMIGRANTES NA SOCIEDADE DE ACOLLIDA: INMIGRACIÓN GALEGA E POLÍTICA LINGÜÍSTICA E DE INTEGRACIÓN DE SUÍZA
(Integration of Immigrants into the Host Society: Galician Immigration and Language and Switzerland’s Integration Policy)
- Author(s):Takeshi Kakihara
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:104-120
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:integration of immigrants; language policy; Galician diaspora; maintenance of language and culture; Switzerland
- Summary/Abstract:This paper describes how Galician immigrants in Switzerland maintain their language and culture and integrate into the host society. For this purpose, we analysed the language policy and the integration policy of the confederate and cantonal governments. We further examined the information obtained during interviews with the actors involved: officers in charge of the integration of foreigners working in the governments of the canton of Vaud and the council of Lausanne, representatives of immigrant organisations, as well as some Galicians living in the canton of Jura. We found that although the society in general accepts linguistic diversity, intolerant attitudes towards immigrants have also emerged, so integration policies have become important. Galician associations carry out cultural activities directed at the Galician community and serve as places of exchange for their members. They also aim to integrate immigrant Galicians into the Swiss society, but they do not offer courses of the Galician language due to a lack of demand.
IDENTIDADE E LINGUAS NO RETORNO TRANSXERACIONAL. ANÁLISE DO PROGRAMA "BOLSAS DE EXCELENCIA MOCIDADE EXTERIOR" (XUNTA DE GALICIA, 2017-2023)
IDENTIDADE E LINGUAS NO RETORNO TRANSXERACIONAL. ANÁLISE DO PROGRAMA "BOLSAS DE EXCELENCIA MOCIDADE EXTERIOR" (XUNTA DE GALICIA, 2017-2023)
(Identity, Language and Transgenerational Return: Analysing the 'Scholarships for Outstanding Youth Abroad' ("Bolsas de Excelencia Mocidade Exterior") Programme, Xunta de Galicia, 2017–2023)
- Author(s):Carme Silva-Domínguez, Nicola Bermingham
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:121-139
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:historical Galician migration; Galician migration to Europe; return migration; transnationalism; linguistic ideologies
- Summary/Abstract:This article analyses an educational initiative called “Scholarships for Outstanding Youth Abroad” (Bolsas de Excelencia Mocidade Exterior, BEME), developed by the Galician autonomous government. It offers scholarships for postgraduate studies at one of Galicia’s three universities to Galicians living abroad - both those who emigrated following the financial crisis of 2008 and third- and fourth-generation descendants of Galician emigrants to Latin America. The initiative forms part of Galicia’s Return Strategy 2020, which promotes return migration to Galicia. In the first part of the article, the grounds for the implementation of this ambitious return policy are explained; the terminological framework surrounding return migration is analysed; and, finally, the results of the BEME scholarship programme are studied to better understand why significantly more transgenerational migrants apply to the scheme than first-generation migrants. Following this contextual introduction, the second part of the article presents the research questions and the qualitative methodological approach adopted in the study, which comprises semi-structured life story interviews and discourse analysis of written and audio-visual texts published by relevant political institutions and social stakeholders.
A LINGUAXE NON BINARIA DIRECTA (@, A/O, O/A, X, *, E) E A PERSPECTIVA DE XÉNERO NO CORGA
A LINGUAXE NON BINARIA DIRECTA (@, A/O, O/A, X, *, E) E A PERSPECTIVA DE XÉNERO NO CORGA
(Direct Non-Binary Language (@, a/o, o/a, x, *, e) and the Gender Perspective in CORGA)
- Author(s):Eva María Domínguez Noya, María Sol López Martínez
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:140-161
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:corpus; non-binary language; gender perspective; annotation; Galician language
- Summary/Abstract:This paper focuses on how the available resources for information retrieval in linguistic corpora can be enhanced by considering the gender perspective. It takes a two-fold approach: on the one hand, the morphosyntactic annotation of inclusive language is explored and, on the other, an author’s gender is taken into account as a new search option. To this end, the 'Current Galego Reference Corpus' ('Corpus de Referencia do Galego Actual', CORGA) is first described, and the options provided for direct non-binary language retrieval are contrasted with those existing in the 'Spanish Twenty-First Century Corpus' ('Corpus del Español del Siglo XXI', CORPES). Using a generic or inclusive value in the gender field in CORGA has significantly improved search results since it allows to retrieve words showing this feature and to present data on how often they occur - globally and by particular forms. The frequency and distribution of available options (amig@, amigo/a, amiga/o, amigx, amig*, amigue) in CORGA is then analysed, both in quantitative and qualitative terms. Next, other Galician, Catalan, Portuguese and Spanish corpora are examined to see whether they include specific metadata or search fields regarding an author’s gender. The article concludes that this parameter could be very helpful both in oral and written discourse. Additionally, distinguishing between the author and the interlocutor/speaker/character fi elds could facilitate studying speech differences between women and men, as well as allow gender cross-searches in those fields.
REPENSANDO O CONTATO LINGUÍSTICO NA GALIZA: CONTRIBUIÇÕES ECOLÓGICAS E COMPLEXAS
REPENSANDO O CONTATO LINGUÍSTICO NA GALIZA: CONTRIBUIÇÕES ECOLÓGICAS
E COMPLEXAS
(Rethinking Language Contact in Galicia: Contributions of Language Ecology and Complexity Theory)
- Author(s):Cecilia Farias de Souza
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:162-178
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:Galicia; Galician language; language contact; language ecology; complex systems
- Summary/Abstract:The paper discusses the relevance of more recent perspectives, such as the concept of language ecology (Mufwene 2001, 2008) and complexity theory, for the study of language contact in Galicia. While the prolonged contact between Galician and Castilian in this region is an undeniable reality, the hybrid forms that arise in the interactions between speakers of these languages are often marginalised - or even explicitly rejected. In order to question the traditional concepts in the field of multilingualism and language contact, I examine the notion of language rooted in the epistemological paradigm that emerged among European philosophers in the modern era, as well as the role played by the consolidation of national states in shaping this scenario. I then highlight the valuable contribution of approaches that assume that language is a complex, dynamic and self-adaptive system, emphasising the significance of local factors in the linguistic environment for the analysis of everyday human interactions. Finally, I explore the concept of hybridity as a means to understand the linguistic forms that emerge in interactions and stress the importance of re-evaluating multilingual realities from a non-essentialist perspective.
GALIZA DAS ESTRELAS. FICCIÓN CIENTÍFICA E LITERATURA INFANTIL E XUVENIL NO INICIO DA AUTONOMÍA
GALIZA DAS ESTRELAS. FICCIÓN CIENTÍFICA E LITERATURA INFANTIL E XUVENIL NO INICIO DA AUTONOMÍA
(Galicia of the Stars: Science Fiction and Children’s and Young Adult Literature at the Beginning of Autonomy)
- Author(s):Mario Regueira
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:181-197
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:science fiction; post-Francoism; Galician literature; children’s and young adult literature
- Summary/Abstract:The introduction of the science fiction genre in children’s and young adult Galician literature was influenced by complex factors in which an essentialist model promoted by the hegemonic cultural currents intersected with the configuration of a new legal framework. At the beginning of the 1980s, the emergence of a potential audience linked to formal education resulted in a strong correlation between Galician literature and educational institutions. This circumstance produced a series of specific characteristics which had an impact not only on the success this genre did (or did not) achieve in narratives for adults, but also on the complexity of creating a model without a consistent publishing practice in the Galician context. The paper analyses the literary works that played the leading role in that period - from the mid-1980s to 1992 - by tracing their connections with the technological perspective, the idea of community and the proposed cultural model.
MULLERES NO MUNDO DA EDICIÓN GALEGA: UNHA ACHEGA
MULLERES NO MUNDO DA EDICIÓN GALEGA: UNHA ACHEGA
(Women in the World of Galician Publishing: A First Approach)
- Author(s):Ánxela Lema París, Carme Fernández Pérez-Sanjulián
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:198-213
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:women in publishing; Charo Portela; Pilar Sampil; Belén López; Galician publishing
- Summary/Abstract:One of the lines of research in the framework of the 'A edición literaria en Galicia' (1975-2000) project focuses on the analysis of the role of women in Galician publishing, an almost unexplored field until now. We know that their work was of great relevance and had a huge impact, even though their contribution remained unacknowledged due to the characteristics of the editorial industry, in which only men were visible. The aim of this paper is to present biographical overviews of different women involved in this sector, whom we could interview and who are still awaiting recognition. In this way, we will show the diverse functions they performed in Galician publishing during this period, as well as the collections and publications in which they played a fundamental role, thus facilitating the development of a more inclusive literary system.
POLIÉDRICAS: AUTORAS DE CREACIÓN MÚLTIPLE EN GALICIA (DESDE 1975 ATA A ACTUALIDADE)
POLIÉDRICAS: AUTORAS DE CREACIÓN MÚLTIPLE EN GALICIA (DESDE 1975 ATA A ACTUALIDADE)
(Polyedrics: Galician Authors Creating in Multiple Mediums (from 1975 to the Present))
- Author(s):Inma Doval-Porto
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:214-235
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:inter-arts relations; contemporary Galician authors; multi-talented authors
- Summary/Abstract:The absence of studies on Galician female authors who engage in visual art making in parallel to their literary work caused us to look into the biographies of such creators, as well as archives, academic documentation, exhibition catalogues, and even to conduct personal interviews with some of them in order to sketch the development of this field from the end of the fascist dictatorship to the present time. We have established three temporary cartographies and, in each of them, we have studied some of the most paradigmatic figures: nomads between writing and plastic or visual arts. Whether we refer to performative arts or video creations, we focus on people who, in addition to writing poetry, paint, make collages, photographs or sculptures and, occasionally, create hybrid artefacts.
VIAXES DE IDA E VOLTA. UNHA ACHEGA ÁS NARRATIVAS DO RETORNO
VIAXES DE IDA E VOLTA. UNHA ACHEGA ÁS NARRATIVAS DO RETORNO
(Round Trips: A Study of Return Narratives)
- Author(s):María Jesús Piñeiro Domínguez
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:236-249
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:return; narrative; exile; migration; comparative literature
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this paper is to present the growing number of studies focused on the experience of return in the Spanish post-war period, as well as to assess the impact of return movements on both the individual and collective levels. It should be taken into account that returning home is not always possible or desirable for the emigrant, nor does it have to be a negative or positive experience in itself. But how is this phenomenon described in literature? In this respect, return narratives give valuable insight, as they not only reflect and channel the life experiences of emigrants and exiles, but also contribute to recognising these return trips as part of the process of rebuilding one’s identity. Thus, starting with an analysis of four Galician novels about the return from exile and emigration, we will present some key aspects of return narratives and reflect on the role they play, or should play, today.
RECONSTRUCCIÓN DE UNA GALICIA ANTIFALANGISTA EN MEMORIAS ROTAS (2010) DE MANANE RODRÍGUEZ
RECONSTRUCCIÓN DE UNA GALICIA ANTIFALANGISTA EN MEMORIAS ROTAS (2010)
DE MANANE RODRÍGUEZ
(Reconstruction of an Anti-Falangist Galicia in Memorias rotas (2010) by Manane Rodríguez)
- Author(s):Dosinda G. Alvite
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:250-267
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:Galicia; historical memory; mass graves; documentary; anti-Falangist
- Summary/Abstract:Contrary to the stereotypical image of Galicia as a submissive nation that supported Francoism, the 2010 documentary Memorias rotas by Manane Rodríguez records the first exhumation of Republicans shot by Falangists in that region, organised by the Association for the Recovery of Historical Memory in 2007 and 2009. Based on extensive interviews with survivors and victims who were primary and secondary witnesses to the deaths of anarcho-syndicalist leader Xosé Moreno Torres and other members of the Galicia Battalion in 1936, the documentary reveals the existence of an anti-Falangist spirit among Galicians. It emerges from the testimonies of those interviewed and the reproduction of some anonymous popular couplets that commemorate the murdered. The importance of the reconstruction of the historical memory of the Civil War in Galicia is emphasised by examining various perspectives on collective memory and the significant role played by oral history in creating fair and democratic representations. The rhetorical connection between the documentary genre and historical truth is also reviewed.
“VARADOS NO MAR OS CETÁCEOS E AS PALABRAS”. OS ANIMAIS NA POESÍA DO PRESTIGE
“VARADOS NO MAR OS CETÁCEOS E AS PALABRAS”. OS ANIMAIS NA POESÍA DO PRESTIGE
('Varados no mar os cetáceos e as palabras': Animals in the Poetry about Prestige)
- Author(s):María Xesús Nogueira Pereira
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:268-284
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:Galician poetry; oil tanker Prestige; ecopoetry; ecocriticism; animals in literature
- Summary/Abstract:The importance of the representation of animals in emerging textual modalities such as ecopoetry contrasts with the scarcity of studies on the subject, which, in the Galician case, may well extend - with some exceptions - to the whole of literature. The poetry that appeared in the months following the sinking of the oil tanker Prestige in November 2002 constitutes a textual corpus that serves to address the issue of the treatment of animals from the theoretical assumptions of ecocriticism, ecofeminism and studies that have blurred the boundaries between human and non-human animals. An analysis of the animal representation in texts about Prestige published at the end of 2002 and throughout 2003 reveals a continuum of approaches that lie between documentation and trope. The paper also establishes a typology of poetic attitudes that have in common the commitment to bear witness to and denounce the situation generated by the catastrophe: realistic representation, use of the animal for the construction of tropes, contiguity between species and between humans and non-humans, and de-animalisation.
ANIMAIS QUE ENTRAN NA CASA E ANIMAIS QUE ENTRAN NA VIDA. UNHA ACHEGA Á OBRA DE CONCHA CASTROVIEJO DENDE A ECOCRÍTICA E OS ESTUDOS ANIMAIS
ANIMAIS QUE ENTRAN NA CASA E ANIMAIS QUE ENTRAN NA VIDA. UNHA ACHEGA Á OBRA DE CONCHA CASTROVIEJO DENDE A ECOCRÍTICA E OS ESTUDOS ANIMAIS
(Animals that Come into the Home and Animals that Come into the Life: The Work of Concha Castroviejo from the Perspective of Ecocriticism and Animal Studies)
- Author(s):Ana Acuña Trabazo
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:285-298
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Concha Castroviejo; animal studies; ecocriticism; exile; return
- Summary/Abstract:Even though he had called Concha Castroviejo (Santiago de Compostela, 1910 – Madrid, 1995) the most important writer of the last century hailing from Compostela, Borobó himself was aware that few remember her. She has been the object of study as a female novelist of the post-war period, and her novels are considered testimonials of the historical moment in which she lived (Civil War, exile and return) because they reflect the inequalities that women suffered at all levels. Despite being little known, Concha Castroviejo was a revolutionary woman in her time, capable of overcoming familial and social barriers to acquire “a room of her own” and of introducing ground-breaking themes in her works (divorce, death penalty, women’s rights, co-education, etc.). Her writing, spanning multiple genres (novel, short story, literary essay, journalistic article, literary criticism, etc.), can be approached from different perspectives, especially as a consequence of the Civil War and the author’s Mexican exile. Nevertheless, in our paper, we use ecocriticism and animal studies as a starting point to study the presence of nature and non-human animals in her oeuvre (or rather, in her home and in her life, as she herself distinguished). Indeed, non-human animals do not appear in her work as literary ornaments but as subjects that allow the writer to become aware of her sentience and to reflect on humanimal relations.
ROMPENDO BARREIRAS, SAÍNDO DAS MARXES. O TRABALLO DAS TRADUTORAS GALEGAS
ROMPENDO BARREIRAS, SAÍNDO DAS MARXES. O TRABALLO DAS TRADUTORAS GALEGAS
(Breaking Barriers, Coming Out of the Margins: The Work of Galician Women Translators)
- Author(s):María Obdulia Luis Gamallo
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:299-309
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:feminism; translation and subversion; postcolonial resistance
- Summary/Abstract:Translation facilitates the circulation of ideas and the construction of identities outside of one’s own; it favours those authors and texts that have an impact on the change occurring generally at the global level. In the history of translation into Galician, women have until recently been placed on the margins of a profession that does not have the necessary visibility, nor is it valued financially or even symbolically. Since the beginnings of nationalism, women have been responsible for maintaining and spreading collective identity with a dual reproductive and educational function for the future members of the nation. In contrast to the man-creator of works of the spirit who tends towards the universal, the woman is assigned a procreative function; she is, in particular, a woman-creator of other human beings. The system continues to be dominated by the “power relations” imposed by the nationalist patriarchy since the 20th century, and is a true “oppressive mechanism”. The history of Galician women translators remains full of gaps: translators who never gained recognition and whose names were erased, translators paired with their male counterparts, translators who were forced to move to other literary systems. Paradoxically, the Association of Galician Translators, founded in 1985, is now made up mostly of women, but the rise in numbers has not led to a rise in prominence. Even today, when some critics recapitulate the outstanding translations of a particular period, the work of women continues to be mostly overlooked. Rewriting this story involves paying tribute to four women: Teresa Barro, María Xosé Queizán, Moncha Fuentes and Carme Hermida. They represent two generations of Galician intellectuals dedicated to literary work.
RUTH MATILDA ANDERSON: A (PARA)TRADUCIÓN COMO MECANISMO DE AUTORRECOÑECEMENTO
RUTH MATILDA ANDERSON: A (PARA)TRADUCIÓN COMO MECANISMO DE AUTORRECOÑECEMENTO
(Ruth Matilda Anderson: (Para)translation as a Mechanism for Self-Acknowledgement)
- Author(s):Alba Rodríguez Saavedra
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:310-327
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:Ruth Matilda Anderson; translation; self-acknowledgement; women; history
- Summary/Abstract:In 1939, 'Gallegan Provinces of Spain: Pontevedra and La Coruña' was published. This book compiles the ethnographic, historic, literary and linguistic research conducted by Ruth Matilda Anderson in Galicia. Based on her two-year stay in the region, the curator at the Hispanic Society of America described a reality usually omitted in the contemporary official historiography by giving voice to women, both anonymous and renowned. We analyse how Anderson’s book contributes to value the decisive roles played by women in shaping today’s Galicia, and how translation becomes a necessary mechanism for pursuing recognition within the target system, and self-acknowledgement in the source one.
APONTAMENTOS SOBRE O IMPACTO DO CAMINHO DE SANTIAGO NO CAMPO EDITORIAL PORTUGUÊS DO SÉCULO XXI
APONTAMENTOS SOBRE O IMPACTO DO CAMINHO DE SANTIAGO NO CAMPO EDITORIAL PORTUGUÊS DO SÉCULO XXI
(Notes on the Impact of the Way of St James on Portuguese Publishing in the 21st Century)
- Author(s):Jorge Carril Espido, Serxio Couso Núñez
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:328-352
- No. of Pages:25
- Keywords:Way of St James; Portuguese Way; Galician identity; Jacobean literature; travel literature
- Summary/Abstract:Due to several autonomous decrees that have institutionalised the Compostela Holy Year since 1991, the Way of St James has recently become a social phenomenon of great significance in Galicia and abroad. This paper examines the impact of the Way on Portuguese publishing in the 21st century. Not only has Portugal strong historical and cultural ties with Galicia, but there has also been an increased interest in the promotion of the Way in this country (as evidenced by the Decree-law 51/2019 on “regulating the valorisation and promotion of the Way of St James through the certification of its itineraries”). Our analysis is based on the corpus available in the 'Bibliographic Database of Cultural Products about the Way of St James (1991–2023)' ("Base de Dados Bibliográfica de Produtos Culturais sobre os Caminhos de Santiago [1991–2023]"; http://caminhosdesantiago.net/), from which we extracted works published in Portugal between 1993 and 2021, i.e. one of the Compostela Holy Years and the high point of the promotion of the Way of St James. We analysed them in terms of chronology, authorship, publishers and textual typologies. Based on the results of our research - which include findings about the scarce number of renowned authors, the degree to which the Portuguese Way is present in these works, and the direct connection between the tourist interests and the type of works published by a given publisher - we show the slow (but existing) consolidation of the Way in the Portuguese editorial industry in the 21st century. We also prove that the Holy Years have contributed to the normalisation of this topic and describe how different textual genres have developed so far, placing a special emphasis on the narrative subgenres, as they show more clearly the imagery of the city of Compostela (and, by extension, Galicia) that is being disseminated. Finally, we also point out the possible impact that the culture of the Way of St James may have on another pilgrimage route - to the Shrine of Fatima. All of this enables us to trace the evolution and the panorama of Portuguese literature with a Jacobean theme in the first decades of the 21st century.
O DISCURSO SOBRE O TURISMO NO BRASIL DE ÁLVARO DE LAS CASAS
O DISCURSO SOBRE O TURISMO NO BRASIL DE ÁLVARO DE LAS CASAS
(Álvaro de Las Casas’ Discourse on Tourism in Brazil)
- Author(s):Antón Corbacho Quintela
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:353-371
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:Álvaro de Las Casas; exile; tourism; acculturation; Brazil
- Summary/Abstract:Álvaro de Las Casas (1901-1950) spent three years of his thirteen-year-long exile in the Southern Cone in Brazil, where he presented himself as an intellectual and worked professionally as a journalist, lecturer and essayist, specialising in promoting Spanish culture and sharing his impressions of the Brazilian social sphere. In Rio de Janeiro, he published the books 'Espanha' ("Gênese da Revolução") ([April] 1937a), 'Oraciones y consejos de amor' ([June and 2nd ed. in October] 1937b e 1937c), 'O sentimento nacional em Cristo' ([July] 1937d), 'Angústia das nossas horas: A pátria. A democracia. Os ditadores. A guerra' ([December] 1937e), 'Sonetos Brasileños' ([April] Academia... 1938), 'Os dois' ([May] 1938) and 'Na labareda dos trópicos: Viagem ao Norte do Brasil' ([December] 1939). In this article, we first evaluate the strategies that Las Casas successfully employed to gain recognition from the Brazilian intellectual circles, both as a credible interlocutor on the history of Spain and as a critical observer of Brazilian reality. Second, we show how in the twelve reports that make up his travel book entitled 'Na labareda dos trópicos', he favourably assessed the conditions of the northern and northeastern regions of Brazil as having potential to become new tourist destinations in the country. Finally, we analyse whether Las Casas’ vision of tourism was in line with Brazilian state policy.
GALEGOS E POLACOS NO SÉCULO XIX: ESTEREOTIPOS PARALELOS Á SOMBRA DA XENOFOBIA
GALEGOS E POLACOS NO SÉCULO XIX: ESTEREOTIPOS PARALELOS Á SOMBRA DA XENOFOBIA
(Galicians and Poles in the 19th century: Parallel Stereotypes in the Shadow of Xenophobia)
- Author(s):Alexandre Peres Vigo
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:372-387
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:Galicians; Poles; xenophobia; 19th century; stereotypes
- Summary/Abstract:An object of study since the beginning of the 20th century, marginal stereotypes of the Other have historically included attributes perceived negatively in the society, e.g. immorality, savagery, lack of intelligence and poverty. Following a long tradition, throughout the 19th century, the Iberian and Baltic collective imaginaries ascribed this type of distorted images to Galicians and Poles respectively. Such stereotyping was similar to that concerning other groups that were stigmatised in Europe in that period, such as the Irish, the Gypsies or the Jews. In the Galician case, an analysis of 19th-century Castilian literature reveals how the migratory flow, Castilian cultural supremacism and the perception of Galicia as a political periphery defined the collective imagination around the already-stigmatised figure of the “Galician”. The Polish case, though similar, was in addition strongly determined by the political relations between Poland and its neighbours, especially after the successive partitions of the Polish territory between Prussia, Austria and Russia in the second half of the 18th century. This article contributes to the study of the, as yet, little explored relationships between the heterostereotypes of Galicians and Poles functioning in their neighbouring societies, with the aim of identifying the various similarities and divergences between both ethnic images, as well as confronting the different socio-political contexts that surrounded their emergence.
SOBRE AS NOSAS AUTORAS E OS NOSOS AUTORES
SOBRE AS NOSAS AUTORAS E OS NOSOS AUTORES
(About Authors)
- Author(s):Michał Belina, Bartosz Dondelewski, Aleksandra Jackiewicz
- Language:Spanish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Other Language Literature, Theory of Literature
- Page Range:389-397
- No. of Pages:9
