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Uwarunkowania rozwoju polskich przedsiębiorstw deweloperskich

Author(s): Elżbieta Kanak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

The paper presents the external conditions of development of companies implementing housing projects in Poland due to their function in the proximal and distal environment. From the considerations contained in the paper it may be inferred that the external conditions for the development industry will evolve in the direction of greater protection of purchasers, pro environmental solutions of implemented investments, support of young families by the state and, due to the population decline, increasing competition and increased requirements from buyers about the quality of flats

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Usługi wynajmu aut osobowych szansą racjonalizacji kosztów firm

Author(s): Józef Perenc / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

The paper presents an alternative way of company servicing by car fleet from passenger car renting companies. It is a cheaper way of ensuring transport services for SME companies, especially when the demand for cars is seasonal or periodical. This way is cheaper comparing to the car purchase or leasing. The paper considers the Fleet Center Company, which encourage car renting by means of its offer and flexible prices

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Rola perspektywy czasowej w zadłużeniu gospodarstw domowych. Ujęcie behawioralne

Author(s): Beata Świecka,Marcin Koziński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

The paper concerns the issues of households indebtedness and the relation between debt and temporal perspective. Te paper discusses the indebtedness construct, analyzes the classification of debt, debtors, and from the interdisciplinary point of view analyzes the main factors influencing indebtedness problem in households. The paper analyzes relations between subjective time perception of a human and relationships with the emergence of debt.

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Innowacje w procesie globalizacji przedsiębiorstw handlu detalicznego

Author(s): Grażyna Śmigielska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

The aim of the paper is to show the crucial role of innovations in the process of retail enterprises globalization. The internal and external conditions of this process are shortly described, but the attention is focus on internal resources. The role of product innovations (own brand products and new retail form) in differentiating retailer offer has been indicated as well as the role of technological innovations in coordinating its activities dispersed on global market. The next steps that should be taken by global retailers in the future has also been specified.

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Współpraca małej firmy z siecią handlową – aspekty marketingowe

Author(s): Stanisław Skowron / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

The paper presents the conditions and characteristics of small business cooperation with the retail network. Despite the dominant bargaining power of the network towards small suppliers, 196 Stanisław Skowron the paper shows the possibility of building the attractiveness of the provider’s offer on the background of expectations of the network and of retail outlets, thereby strengthening the position in the competitive area of a network. In terms of marketing the relations of the supplier with the retail network were defined from two perspectives: as the factor modifying the synergy of the network effect and economies of scale in the development of networks and as the factor strengthening the process of shaping customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of the network client.

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Szanse i zagrożenia jakości życia w społeczeństwie informacyjnym

Author(s): Halina Świeboda / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

One of the goals of the emerging information society, which is based on the development of ICT, is to facilitate the social conditions leading to improved quality of life and growth. The impact on the quality of life is perceived dichotomously in the categories of opportunities and threads. The objective of the paper is indicating opportunities and threads to the quality of life in the context of the influence of ICT in the areas of their most intensive use

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Kondycja przemysłu motoryzacyjnego i jego wpływ na pozostałe gałęzie gospodarki

Author(s): Wioleta Łagowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

The paper is an observation of the situation of the automotive industry, the second largest in terms of size and importance, sector of economy in Poland. The objective of the paper is presenting the situation on Polish automotive market and indicating direction of changes. The paper analyses the reasons for the decline, changes in production and significant impact on other sector of the economy. The paper is based on the research conducted by the major research institutions studying changes in the automotive industry. According to the research and analysis in order to verify the situation of the automotive sector and directions in which this one of the biggest industries will have to go to, for maintaining its market position, are, inter alia, seeking alternative solutions to the markets of China or India, the search for efficiency in the area of financing, especially in emerging markets as well as creating models based on the destiny of vehicles - that is, the creation of models based on customer needs

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Istota innowacji w aspekcie ewoluującego otoczenia

Author(s): Joanna Hernik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

The typology can be understood as ordering, sorting or partition of a particular group of subjects. It seems that especially in case of innovations the ordering is needed because for many years there is no consensus on what innovation is or not. Therefore the purpose of this paper is an attempt to organize and sort innovations in a more logical system. Due to this system understanding innovations nature will be easier, as well as better management of innovations will be more likely. The empirical base is selected international and Polish literature from XIX centaury and present times. The paper is an attempt to organize types of innovations in relation to their frequency, metamorphosed element, direction of change’s influence and its intensity. It is also presented what innovation can apply to, who may be a potential recipient and how they may affect situation of a company. Such knowledge, in case of designing the future in conditions of instability and limited resources, may be very useful

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Analiza zalet i wad korzystania z usług pośrednictwa w obrocie nieruchomościami na podstawie opinii konsumentów

Author(s): Izabela Ostrowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

The purpose of the paper is presentation and analysis of the opinion of Polish consumers about the services of real estate agents. The paper is based on the results of own research – a survey conducted in CAWI technique. Based on the obtained opinions of consumers there were identified main advantages of using the services of real estate agencies, as well as were discussed the main disadvantages of these services. As a summary there was made the analysis of the potential incentives that can be used by managers and emphasized in marketing communications in order to encourage potential customers to use the services of real estate agencies.

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Korzyści z przynależności do systemu franczyzowego w branży FMCG – wyniki badań w województwie małopolskim

Author(s): Karolina Orzeł / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

This paper presents the results of pilot studies carried out in Małopolskie voivodeship in March and April 2014. Surveys were conducted with representatives (a franchisee or a store manager) of outlets associated in franchise systems operating in FMCG sector in Małopolskie voivodeship. The aim of the study was to analyze the franchisor-franchisee relationship from the perspective of a participant of the system, to determine the real benefits of belonging to network and to identify possible barriers that hinder the development of this relationship.

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Uwarunkowania konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw regionu podkarpackiego

Author(s): Sylwester Makarski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

In the paper competitiveness was recognized as a natural manifestation of market behaviour of entrepreneurs. From customers’ point of view it is an advantageous effect because it induces manufacturers to improve quality of their goods and reduce the prices as well as take care of customers. From producers’ point of view competitiveness is a source of additional costs and a factor increasing the risk of companies’ functioning. The main aim of this paper was to determine factors having impact on competitive position of an enterprise on the market. The empirical material was collected through a questionnaire survey in 137 companies from Podkarpacie. The research results were examined in the context of other authors’ opinions, referring to the subject of this deliberation. After setting up appropriate indicators included in tables and graphs, a method of statistical analysis was used in their interpretation and concluding.

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Na korzyść albo na niekorzyść – wykorzystywanie wybranych koncepcji w praktyce marketingowej

Author(s): Dariusz Oczachowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

Marketing, besides supporters indicating benefits which it guarantees, has also many opponents showing its weaknesses and unethical practices. Critical opinion about marketing is caused above all by wrong application by marketers of concepts, methods and tools worked out by marketing scientists. The paper presents three selected marketing concepts and restrictions in their interpretation, making use of marketing researches conducted in developed markets (secondary data). The author analyses their results from the perspective of their weaknesses which may result from the improper use of these concepts: multichannel marketing communication, customization of products and services, improper launching of new products or services resulting in the cannibalization effect. The paper is a theoretical reflection, which aim is to formulate preliminary directives improving the application of selected marketing concepts.

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Marka towarzystw funduszy inwestycyjnych a ryzyko inwestycji na rynku kapitałowym dla inwestora indywidualnego

Author(s): Rafał Czyżycki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

Individual investors differ from each other in many aspects. Some of them treat investments in shares of stock as the way to diversify their budget surpluses and other ones as full-time job, which should cover their cost of living. For some investors, investment horizon refers to a period of a few or more than ten months, others invest for a time perspective of more than ten years or even a few dozen years. Despite many differences, it is common for all investors to try achieving as high rate of return as possible, and at the same time, to protect invested capital in the best possible manner. One of the methods, which ensure achieving such goal, i.e. diversification of the portfolio of investments, is compliant with Markowitz theory. The investor may diversify his investment portfolio by himself by buying suitably selected, diversified assets, or he may buy participation units of investment funds, which operations are based on investment diversification. The most often, the investor selects a particular fund based on perceived brand, which is mainly identified by historical results achieved by the fund. This article refers to problems related to risk of investments at a capital market and it presents results associated with an attempt to reduce it by purchasing participation units or portfolio of participation units of the investment funds.

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Źródła konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw na przykładzie wybranych firm chińskich

Author(s): Karolina Łopacińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

Chinese companies successfully take up the challenges arising from the increasing competitiveness on international markets, as evidenced by their good position in the rankings of competitiveness and growth prospects. However, companies need a new approach to competitiveness and tools that will enable them to achieve it. State policy that encourages cooperation with foreign partners, as well as the introduction of the company's significant changes in management, research and development activities and in the development of relationships with business partners and customers turn out to be effective. The paper is an analysis of competitiveness sources of selected chinese enterprises and ways to build their market advantage

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Globalizacja jako przyczyna zmian płac realnych

Author(s): Regina Klimkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

The paper presents selected results of globalization process, in particular those effecting wages in world economy. The downfall of wages, according to the author, is determined to a large extend by political factors (neoconservative ideology) and economical factors – changes in the international labor market, relocating production from developed countries (with high wages) to developing countries (with low wages). The paper also underlines, that a development of a country and the modernity of its economy (e.g. South Korea and China) was not caused only by globalization process but rather conscious economic policy of their governments.

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Wybrane aspekty zarządzania ryzykiem marketingowym przedsiębiorstw turystycznych

Author(s): Aliaksandr Rubakhau,Ema Halawach / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

The need for action under conditions of uncertainty of the external and the internal environment causes that the activities of tourism enterprises become more and more risky. For tourism managers it means that they should take action related to the identification and evaluation of potential hazards, including marketing ones. The aim of the study is to identify marketing risk factors of tourism enterprises as well as stating a proposal for a method of such risk analysis and evaluation for enterprises with insufficient statistical databases, on the basis of the results of marketing research. The study was conducted among clients of travel agencies of Lubelskie Voivodeship. For the collection of the data there was used specially constructed questionnaire which allows obtaining answers to questions about marketing risk factors and evaluation of its level

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Dylematy niezależnych i sieciowych przedsiębiorstw handlowych w okresie chwiejnego rozwoju gospodarczego

Author(s): Katarzyna Wasilik,Urszula Kłosiewicz-Górecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2014

The aim of the paper is to identify the dilemmas of Polish commercial enterprises in the period of insecure economic development as well as to name its effects on economic development’s sphere. The analysis will comprise independent retail and wholesale enterprises as well as chain enterprises, inter alia hypermarkets. The items of the consideration will be: consumer disloyalty, growing importance of prices in enterprises’ competitiveness, consolidation processes, unfair practices in supply chains, growing value of new technologies in commercial enterprises’ management. The period of analysis is 2008-2012. The base of the analysis will be GUS data, including those which were prepared to the order of the Institute for Market, Consumption and Business Cycles Research as well as results of surveys in retail and wholesale trade of various research centres in Poland. There will also be used results of own qualitative surveys and previous observations among representatives of commercial enterprises, FMCG producers and researchers.

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Polityka produktu realizowana w polskich przedsiębiorstwach – wyniki badania

Author(s): Joanna Petrykowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 33/2014

The aim of this papers is to identify, on the basis of research results, selected elements of product policy implemented by polish enterprises. The research was conducted by employees of the Department of Marketing and Commerce at Nicolaus Copernicus University in 2010, on a sample of 350 enterprises in Poland. The measurement was made by using the methods of Paper And Pencil Interview (PAPI) and Computer and Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI).

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Analiza inwariancji pomiaru w badaniach przekrojowych

Author(s): Adam Sagan / Language(s): Polish Issue: 33/2014

The article is devoted to the issues of assessment of measurement invariance in marketing research for different number of groups. The invariance check has been carried out on the example of the scale of decision-making strategies in the household using two approaches. For a large number of groups, a procedure of alignment based on simplicity function are used. For a small number of groups, the multi-group confirmatory factor analysis has been used for invariance testing.

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Imprezy masowe w kreowaniu wizerunku miasta na przykładzie Gdańska

Author(s): Marzena Wanagos / Language(s): Polish Issue: 33/2014

The city’s image is a set of subjective feelings and opinions, which are made up of many factors. Build associations and perceptions of the city is also through events, which include, inter alia, public events. Local authorities have a number of instruments, effects on the formation and execution of events in the city. Mass events are a special tool for shaping the image of the city. Gdańsk as a major urban center is the host and organizer of many such events. The nature of these events is closely associated with the policy of the cities.

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