A social dimension of the activities of selected contemporary animated film characters

Author(s): Joanna Mytnik-Daniluk / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

Animated film characters represent various attitudes, points of view and issues, including social problems. Many of them are shown as carriers of socially approved character traits, who have an important mission or fight for the greater good. It must be emphasised that a film hero, as the key element of the film plot is the centre of attention for a viewer. The holistic reception, including all the values, norms and principles, proves to be an effective tool during educational and therapeutic work. Thanks to considerations into the social dimension of activities, based on the example of particular characters, it is possible to appreciate in animated films the significance of the issues which are still unnoticed and regarded as childish. The development of this topic is the result of the researcher’s own research into the social message of animated works.

Disease as a movie theme. Media and genological analysis

Author(s): Małgorzata Bożek / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

The paper concentrates on a comparative interpretation of two films which are classified by their authors as melodramas. The first one is Michael Haneke’s Love and the second one is The Notebook by Nick Cassavetes. The films selected for this analysis represent two different attitudes to disease. Haneke creates a moving image of dying, which is associated not only with physical death, but also the death of human dignity. Cassavetes focuses on a story before the disease of the main heroine, while her affliction is treated as a complement to the happy life, rather than a leading motif. The purpose of the paper is to compare the films from different perspectives: media and genological, as well as to answer the question why directors from various cultures perceive the topic of disease as a film theme in such distinct ways

Teatr Telewizji jako medium edukacyjne – rola historiograficzna i popularyzatorska na przykładzie wybranych spektakli

Author(s): Aleksandra Mirek-Rogowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2020

Television Theatre is a genre on the border between theatre, film and television. One special example is the so-called art of fact, whose purpose is the reconstruction of events according to facts and reality. The following paper, which is based on the analysis of selected historical performances of the Polish Television Theatre, is an attempt at presenting it as a medium that plays an important role in education and popularisation of the Polish history of the 20th century. At the same time, it is an invitation to more detailed and interdisciplinary research into television theatre.

Co przyniesie jutro? Potencjalne zastosowanie technologii w działaniach terapeutycznych na przykładzie filmów science fiction

Author(s): Nikola Olszak,Tobiasz Dunin / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2020

In our work we analyse various options of technology as an aid measure in cases of crisis, as exemplified by selected science fiction films. A crisis in human life appears when mental resources he possesses are insufficient to deal with a certain situation and he must reach for other available solutions. One of such means is more and more frequently technology – since 1966, when ELIZA was released – the first therapeutic programme – until now, when smartphone applications facilitate work with autistic children, or VR technology allows soldiers to overcome their trauma in safe conditions. We are observing the development of technology with great curiosity and we anticipate even greater possibilities of its application in therapy. Unfortunately, as for now we have to settle for science fiction films.

Polska szkoła – filmowa? Recenzja książki "Trudna obecność. Film w edukacji polonistycznej a interpretacja" Marii Szoski

Author(s): Marta Kasprzak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2020

Sprawozdanie z międzynarodowej konferencji naukowej Modern Heavy Metal Music, 24–25.06.2020, Helsinki, Finlandia

Author(s): Karolina Karbownik,Anna Svetlova / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2020

Rhetorical characteristics of Vladimir Putin’s speeches at the announcement of military operations in Ukraine

Author(s): Dobrivoje Ž. Stanojević,Lidija Ž. Mirkov / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 2/2023

The paper will analyze two speeches of historical importance for international relations and oratory of the 21st century. The first one is the speech of the President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin, of 21 February 2022, which is considered the most significant official announcement of Russia about the events in Ukraine, and the second one is the speech of 24 February 2022 as its logical, meaningful and contextual continuation. Those two speeches, broadcast on multiple channels and media, last for an hour and a half and contain a multitude of material facts exposed through special rhetorical procedures, most often rhetorical examples of misunderstandings. The perspective of the Russian side which could not be seen in the pro-Western media is also given here. It sets up a euphemistic reinterpretation of the events eristically presented in the foreign media as an invasion, an aggression, a war conflict and an attack.

Analysis of the behaviour of social media users in the context of security risk reduction in the digital environment

Author(s): Ana M. Slavković,Nikola M. Slavković,Dane R. Subošić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 2/2023

This paper deals with the issues of the analysis of the behaviour of social media users in the context of security risk reduction in the digital environment. In this respect, the subject of this paper is the behaviour of social media users (mainly millennials, from the population of university students, attending studies in the field of security) depending on the gender. The aim of the research is to identify recommendations for a safer use of social media. To this end, the research was conducted on the basis of an anonymous survey comprising 15 questions (3 of demographic and 12 questions of essential significance). The survey covered 333 university students (undergraduate and graduate students of both genders) attending study programmes in the field of security. With the use of the Mann-Whitney test, contingency tables, the Kruskal-Wallis test, as well as the Spearman’s rank correlation test, it has been established that the behaviour patterns of men and women who use social media are very similar, but that there is a substantial statistical difference in certain scenarios. In addition to this, this survey has shown that, irrespective of the gender, risks of being attacked are consciously taken when sharing personal information, along with a reckless use of devices, passwords, and passcodes. By comparing the above-mentioned conclusions with the position of the general hypothesis: “There are similarities and differences between men and women in terms of the behaviour patterns on social media and in the cyberspace in general”, so the conclusion is that it is verified. One of the solutions to the identified problems in the behaviour of social media users is to raise their awareness regarding the risks of doing business and/or accessing entertainment content on social media, as well as their continuous training for the purpose of protecting their own data.

E-Tutor Tandems in a COIL Course – Design, Implementation and Evaluation

Author(s): Lisa-Mari Langesee,Nelli Ukhova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Research on digital collaboration scenarios in Higher Education (HE) is characterized by various approaches that often define the acquisition and development of global skills as learning goals. Virtual Collaborative Learning (VCL) in HE represents one approach to facilitating students’ global skills. Depending on the use case, these learning arrangements can include case study-based group learning under e-tutorial supervision. This paper focuses on the perspective of e-tutors – specially qualified student assistants – and their competence development during the summer semester of 2022. Based on previous research findings, a tandem setting was chosen for their competence development. This paper mainly compares expectations and experiences regarding the competence improvement of e-tutors in a multinational tandem. These expectations and experiences were queried through two quantitative questionnaires utilizing 5-point Likert scales and one short follow-up questionnaire after the finalization of VCL. In general, the positive expectations of the e-tutors were fulfilled, but not to a similar extent for each competence category. Especially the development of social and pedagogical competencies was positive, whereas the development of intercultural competencies was challenging. Several recommendations for action were derived, which impact further e-tutor training.

Responding to Omicron: Speaker Commitment and Legitimisation in COVID-related Press Conferences

Author(s): Magdalena Szczyrbak,Anna Tereszkiewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This paper examines the ways in which New Zealand and Polish government officials communicated the easing of COVID restrictions to the general public. The study aimed to identify legitimising strategies used to justify the lifting of restrictions and related measures, and to establish how agency and responsibility were discursively constructed in the subgenre of political press conference in two different socio-political settings. Informed by the notions of legitimisation (Chilton 2004), speaker commitment and stance (Marín Arrese 2011, 2015, 2021), the research looked into the linguistic marking of effective stance (deonticity, assessments, attitudinals and directives) and epistemic stance (epistemic modality, truth-factual validity as well as experiential, cognitive and communicative stance), considering both the subjectivity/intersubjectivity dimension and the explicitness/implicitness of the speaker’s role. In addition, the study considered the key discursive strategies used to (de)construct agency in the discourses of NZ and Polish policymakers seen as proponents of divergent public health policies. As the findings indicate, the Polish officials conveyed chiefly experiential stance and projected less involvement, whereas the NZ Prime Minister favoured cognitive stance and deonticity as well as direct appeals to the audience. The analysis shows that the speaker’s (dis)identification with the respective policy finds reflection in the varying degrees of speaker commitment and the (de)construction of agency.

Propaganda Component of the Process of Sovietization and Forms of its Implementation in the Western Regions of Ukraine in 1944 – 1950.

Author(s): Galyna Starodubets,Serhii Sokoliuk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The article deals with the peculiarities of the process of Sovietization of the western regions of Ukraine during the period of late Stalinism. Given the totalitarian nature of the Stalinist regime, it is emphasized that the informational space was one of the most important spheres of life, control over which by the ruling Communist Party was complete and inseparable. The scientific novelty is that the author defines the organization and holding of meetings of various categories of the population as one of the active forms of Stalin’s propaganda. They were an instrument of forcing the local population to trust the Soviet government, to legitimize it. It is noted that such events systematically repeated, gradually became part of Soviet everyday life. The task of Stalin’s propaganda was to construct a new type of man – „homo Sovieticus“, for whom communist ideology is not just a set of slogans, but an inner conviction.

Horse Interaction as Motivation for Development of Literacy Skills in Emergent Readers

Author(s): Helen Blair McKissock / Language(s): English Issue: Sp. issue/2023

Two hundred kindergarten and first grade students participated in a program to develop early literacy skills through horse interaction. The program uses a series of three-horse interaction experiences to increase motivation to read. During the introduction to the horse, students are provided with a copy of the book they will read over the next six weeks. The students participate in horse-focused activities over the next six weeks during regular classroom instruction along with practice time reading the book. At the end of the program, students attend a field trip to a farm where they are invited to read aloud and engage in further interaction with horses as a reward for their work. Early literacy skills and literacy success indicators were measured through a pre-/post-test as well as qualitative data collected from teachers and parents. Results show statistically significant increases in literacy indicators. Students also demonstrated an increase in horse knowledge.

Co wolno właścicielom mediów? Debata na temat prawa do ograniczania swobody wypowiedzi polityków w mediach w Polsce, Rosji i Niemczech po szturmie na Kapitol

Author(s): Dagmara Głuszek-Szafraniec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2 (254)/2023

The article presents the results of comparative research on public/state media narratives on freedom of speech and democratic values. The starting point of the analysis is media coverage of the events in the United States in 2021 when supporters of former President Donald Trump stormed the Capitol. Following this incident, owners of media companies decided to block the outgoing president’s social media accounts. This decision led to many controversies and became a pretext for redefining the concepts of democracy, freedom of speech, freedom of the media and responsible speech by politicians. The method used in this study was content analysis, and 73 materials were coded in 85 categories. The article presents both quantitative and qualitative results. The main goal is to demonstrate how different public/state media in European countries (Poland, Russia and Germany) reported not only the events alone, but also constructed narratives about democratic values, and the role of the media and politicians. A country’s journalistic and political culture has a significant impact on the construction of meaning and contextualisation of certain concepts and values in a manner that their interpretation is completely different, despite journalists using the same terms. Findings indicate that this may potentially impact building civic awareness, the sustainability of the democratic system, and the credibility of the media as a source of information about politics.

Media Coverage of Gordon Brown’s ‘Bigotgate’ in the 2010 British General Election

Author(s): Fathi Bourmeche / Language(s): English Issue: 2 (254)/2023

The aim of the paper is to gain a better understanding of the effect of media on public opinion, with particular attention to Gordon Brown’s ‘bigotgate’ taking place in April 2010 during his campaign for the British general election. The paper seeks to argue that the event had a major impact on Brown’s political career as well as Labour’s image on the British political landscape. The corpus of the study includes a selection of 100 articles from The Guradian which are qualitatively analysed, using media agenda-setting and framing, and juxtaposed to 30 Ipsos Mori opinion polls dealing with the event and related issues. Results show that the event had major repercussions on the British political scene. It damaged Brown’s political career, contributing to Labour’s inability to secure their fourth term in Ten Downing Street and increased Britons’ concern about mass migration, particularly from Eastern Europe.

Polityczna stronniczość polskich mediów. Rafał Klepka: Polityka w krzywym zwierciadle mediów. Stronniczość polityczna mediów w relacjonowaniu parlamentarnych kampanii wyborczych w 2015 i 2019 roku. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Pedagogicznego. Kra

Author(s): Weronika Saran / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2 (254)/2023

Polityka, pandemia i media – kryzys zaufania. Katarzyna Kamińska-Korolczuk: Polityka i media a kryzys zaufania. Polityka informacyjna mocarstw w czasie zagrożenia. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego. Gdańsk 2021, s. 380.

Author(s): Agnieszka Szymańska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2 (254)/2023

DRUŠTVENI KONTEKST FUDBALA KROZ ISTORIJSKI, POLITIČKI, EKONOMSKI I MEDIJSKI OKVIR

Author(s): Predrag Đ. Bajić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2023

As a very dynamic social phenomenon, sport plays a significant role in everyday life. This applies especially to football, as the most influential sport globally. Authors Dejan Milenković and Vesna Milenković decided to look at this phenomenon from several angles and systematize it through the book "Football and Society". After a historical overview, the authors look at football through its relations with politics, economics and the media, with special reference to the changes that have occurred as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. Also, the book contains chapters about women's football, as well as about football and violence (sections about hooliganism, terrorism, hate speech and racism). In the end, the authors conclude that football, like society, has repeatedly found itself at a historical turning point and that it is still happening today. However, they emphasize that football always manages to overcome all challenges and increase its popularity and social influence.

Regionálna výchova a tradičná ľudová kultúra vo výučbe na základných školách

Author(s): Margita Jágerová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 7/2019

Since 2008 the elementary schools in Slovakia have been given the opportunity to educate children in the field of “Regional education and traditional folk culture“ focusing on local history, geography, natural environment and basic ethnographic knowledge, related to the place in which each school is functioning. Therefore, these schools can be considered as one of the most important mediators in the process of imparting this knowledge amongst the youngest generation in today’s society. The paper is based on a research conducted at 5 elementary schools that declared the implementation of “Regional education” and some components of traditional culture and folklore in their teaching process. At the beginning of 1990s, these schools were leaders in this process and became an inspirational role model for other ones. The author describes the current situation in these schools, the possibilities, tools and mechanisms applied by individual schools (teachers) in the process of education in the above-mentioned field. Furthermore, the paper describes the forms, educational content and factors determining this area.

Architektura grup etnicznych a postawy ludności miejscowej Podkarpacia w 2. połowie XX i na początku XXI wieku Wybrane problemy

Author(s): Grażyna Stojak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2019

The region of Podkarpacie is a multiethnical, multicultural and multifaith region situated in the south-east of Poland. It is a border region whose area overlaps with the Podkarpacie Province established in 1999. The contemporary, complex structure of the population of the region of Podkarpacie – shaped by the operation Vistula and the post-war resettlement of the residents from other regions of Poland, as well as labour migration from villages to cities – causes the formation of several directions in shaping the cultural landscape of the Podkarpacie countryside. The first of them is the tendency to preserve ethnic architecture, which is not homogeneous. On the one hand, there is a well-organised operation of two municipal open-air museums in the region of Podkarpacie, i.e. the Museum of Folk Architecture in Sanok and the Museum of Folk Culture in Kolbuszowa, which professionally preserve and scientifically develop both tangible and intangible cultural heritage of the Polish countryside. The operation of private cultural parks (e.g. Museums of Lemko Culture in Zyndranowa and the Museum of Lemko Culture in Olchowiec) as well as mini open-air museums operating in municipalities (e.g. „Open-Air Museum „Zagroda” in village of Markowa, “Kresowa Osada” in Basznia Dolna, “Zagroda Pogórzańska” in Gwoźnica – Biographical Museum of Julian Przyboś in Gwoźnica, “Zagroda Chłopska” in Godowa, “Chałupa nr 84” in Glinnik Zaborowski, “Zagroda Kowalska” in Krzeszów Górny) is quite different. Each of these mini open-air museums tries to preserve the folk culture of individual ethnic groups in a different way. On the one hand, their activity aims at exposing tangible culture and popularizing folklore of ethnic groups; on the other hand, at selling food products and crafts, commercial and restaurant activity. In each of the cases, the or-ganisers’ effort is tremendous, especially that external financing of these activities is occasional, and work necessary to make these facilities operate properly is mainly based on the effort of enthusiasts. The second tendency – completely opposite to the above mentioned trends – is the destruction of traditional buildings and replacing them with contemporary, styleless architecture occurring all over Poland. There are three types of causes that may be responsible for this state: blurring the tradition as a symbol of backwardness (e.g. Dolne Nadsanie and the fight of priest W. Gaj-Piotrowski), migration of countryside residents to cities and construction of new housing estates due to fear of disclosure of belonging to a specific ethnic group (e.g. Low Beskids, Przemyśl County, Lubaczów County), as well as introducing modernity at all costs (Bieszczady – Olgierd Łotoczka’s fight for the “wild Bieszczady” in the Łopiennik Valley). All the above mentioned actions – both in the past and at present – contribute to the image of the countryside in Podkarpacie.

MAKING INDIGENOUS RELIGION AT THE SAN FRANCISCO PEAKS: Navajo Discourses and Strategies of Familiarization

Author(s): Seth Schermerhorn / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Navajo claims pertaining to the sacredness of the San Francisco Peaks (as well as those of other Native American tribes), while no doubt profoundly sincere, are necessarily and strategically positioned in relation to the contemporary legal struggles within which they have arisen. However, I cannot stress too heavily that this should not suggest that their claims are spurious, invented, or in other words “inauthentic.” Greg Johnson asserts that “frequently, the specter against which authenticity is measured is what critics might call ‘postured tradition,’ a shorthand means of suggesting that tradition expressed in political contexts is ‘merely political’” (2007: 3). To be sure, the discourses that posit the sacredness of the Peaks are fundamentally and simultaneously both religious and political; yet this does not necessarily mean that traditional religious claims made in contemporary political contexts are motivated by purely political considerations. Although these claims are necessarily formulated to persuade others of the incontestable ‘authenticity’ of their claims, I suggest that the degree to which this incontestability is achieved is directly related to an accumulation and accretion of discourse resulting from nearly four decades of continuing conflict at the Peaks.For the purposes of this article, I have primarily limited my inquiry to the claims of only one of five tribes engaged in the litigation concerning the San Francisco Peaks between 2005 and 2009: the Navajos. Moreover, they are only one of at least thirteen Native American tribes to describe the Peaks as sacred. My limited focus is not intended to suggest that the claims of these other tribes are less important, or especially less ‘authentic.’ Rather, the only compelling reason that I do not provide a full analysis of every tribe’s claims regarding the sacredness of the Peaks is the limitation of space in this project.