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Opportunities and Challenges in Using the “Community of Inquiry” Model in Teaching Ethics

Author(s): Iulia Grad / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Philosophy for children (P4C) is an area that has experienced impressive growth in recent decades, proving to be a highly valuable resource in children's development. Studies demonstrate its significant impact on the development of logical thinking, critical reasoning, imagination, and fostering openness to dialogue and collaboration. While there are various perspectives and methods in the field of philosophy for children, a common element among them all is the centrality of the concept of dialogue. P4C serves as a paradigmatic example of what dialogical education represents. The underlying assumption of this paper is that the specific practices of philosophy for children provide valuable methods and perspectives that can be useful in teaching ethics in communication and ethics in general, particularly for students without prior training in philosophy. Recognizing the potential challenges and the need for context-specific adaptation, this paper seeks to illustrate how the integration of the models used in P4C practices, such as the communities of inquiry, into communication ethics education, can provide a promising and innovative approach to fostering ethical and critical thinking in students.

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EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION CAMPAIGNS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Author(s): Corina Rotar / Language(s): English Issue: 39/2024

Effective communication campaigns play a pivotal role in addressing environmental issues, as they have the power to influence public awareness, attitudes, and behaviors. This article explores the strategies that enhance the success of these campaigns, focusing on audience segmentation, the use of emotional and narrative appeals, and the integration of multimedia approaches. By reviewing both theoretical frameworks and case studies, the article provides a comprehensive analysis of how communication strategies can drive meaningful action on environmental challenges. Finally, the article concludes with recommendations for practitioners aiming to design impactful environmental campaigns.

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Victims or Attackers? Deconstructing the Mediatic Image of Migrants at the Romanian-Serbian-Hungarian Border with the Use of Multidimensional Instruments

Author(s): Lucian Vasile SZABO,Simona Bader,Corina Sîrb / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This study innovates the way in which digital ethnography techniques can be applied in the analysis of complex phenomena, in this case the wave of migrants and refugees at the border between Romania, Serbia, Hungary and Ukraine, in the last two years (2021 - 2022). Thus, we regard this paper as an example of multidimensional education for both students and practitioners of media studies that struggle to address broad, transdisciplinary topics. The present research aims to present a multidimensional approach of the manner in which journalistic materials portray people who have arrived at the border between the three states in their attempt to travel further to the countries of Western Europe. Our methods consist of non-participatory content analysis on some communication products in the mass media from Great Britain and Romania, sentiment analysis and critique of professional practice. We used digital ethnography to reveal interesting data for a comparative analysis of the way different types of migrants are portrayed in British and Romanian media. The comparative analysis was conducted by using data provided by Dchipher Analytics and ZeList Monitor, ensuring a high degree of confidence in the results.

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THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR WITH A SOCIAL MARKETING MODEL FOR CONSUMER BEHAVIOR CHANGE IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

Author(s): Oliver Mitevski,Aleksandar Blazheski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

One of the most widely used socio-psychological frameworks for forecasting and comprehending human behavior is the theory of planned behavior. The theory of reasoned action, which holds that most human behavior is controlled by free will, served as the foundation for its development. The idea of reasoned action was expanded to include a new element known as perceived behavioral control because volition does not fully explain all human behavior. Icek Ajzen put forth the theory of planned behavior in 1985. The purpose of the individual to carry out a specific behavior is the main idea behind the theory of planned behavior. The research that is currently accessible indicates that more instances of ecological goods also make use of the theory of planned behavior. Apart from attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control, as basic variables of the theory of planned behaviour, additional variables can be included in the basic model in order to contribute to the explanation of the research problem. The theory of planned behavior was first developed, and since then, it has grown to be one of the most popular and significant models for forecasting social behavior in people. It highlights how social pressure, a sense of control, and individual views all influence how people behave. As was previously demonstrated, the notion of planned behavior has been used to explain a variety of behavioral patterns. The TPO model with standard variables was supplemented by extended models that included extra variables and "truncated" models that removed parts of the standard variables. The TPO model with standard variables states that perceived behavioral control, attitude, and subjective norm are the three factors that determine behavioral intention. Perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention are often behavioral predictors. The substantial influence of the independent on the dependent variables of the TPO (Theory of Planned Behavior) model has been substantiated by numerous prior research that used the theory of planned behavior to the setting of organic food consumer behavior. In order to do this, the theory of planned behavior and behavioral intents of consumers of organic food items for personal advantage in the Republic of North Macedonia will be applied in this study.

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Cenzura i uskraćivanje informacija radi višeg dobra

Author(s): Dale Jacquette / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 12/2024

Sloboda štampe spada među najznačajnija moralna prava slobodnih ljudi. Posebno novinari koriste prednosti tog prava od koga u idealnom slučaju svaka osoba ima koristi. Već smo primetili da sloboda štampe nije neko apsolutno ili bezuslovno pravo. To pravo se uživa unutar granica ustanovljenih na osnovu drugih legitimnih društvenih interesa, posebno kad su u pitanju bezbednost i zaštita prava svih članova društva. Postoje situacije u stvarnom životu kada je u javnom interesu da temeljni princip novinarske etike, princip maksimalizovanja relevantnog govorenja istine, bude ograničen. Kad se izveštaji cenzurišu ili dobrovoljno ne objavljuju radi višeg dobra, uvek moraju da postoje dobri razlozi za takav postupak, i uvek bi trebalo da postoji i izričita odredba za kasniji povraćaj punih novinarskih sloboda što je brže moguće.

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Conceptualizing visual metaphors in high tech products advertising: Results and conclusions from an empirical research

Author(s): Sevim Taneva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2025

The use of visual metaphors is a popular method of advertising nowadays. This paper briefly reviews the theoretical framework of metaphorical expression in advertising, and particularly the use of visual metaphors. It then continues with presenting results and findings from an empirical study on the use of visual metaphors in the ads of high-tech products. Given the nature of metaphors, the analysis is based on both qualitative and quantitative readings of the data, in order to reach more insightful conclusions. Based on the research findings and following the theoretical introduction, the paper concludes with implications and guidelines for the marketing utility of exploring the meaning and other features of visual metaphors.

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Generative media: Sign, metaphor, and experience

Author(s): Everardo Reyes / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2025

This article explores the vivid field of generative media, focusing on the production and semiotic analysis of texts. It uses the broad definition of “text,” which encompasses written, visual, and interactive forms, and examines how generative media redefines the roles of content creators and tools. Utilizing Roman Jakobson’s communication model, the article highlights the dynamic decision-making process in text production, whether by human or AI. The paper offers a historical review which traces generative media from early computer art in the 1960s, through the advent of digital design tools in the 1980s and 1990s, to contemporary AI techniques like GANs and diffusion models. It identifies the key properties of generative media: synthetic, dynamic, digital, combinatorial, and agentic. The discussion also addresses the shift from unnoticed AI assistance in early tools to the inadvertently AI-generated content in today’s media landscape. The last part of the paper categorizes generative media interfaces into three types: conversational, web UI, and visual programming interfaces, analyzing their semiotic implications. It suggests that understanding these tools requires recognizing their layered technical components and the evolving user experience from magic-like simplicity to complex customization. In conclusion, the articles advocates for a multidisciplinary, process-oriented approach to fully grasp the cultural and communicative transformations driven by generative media, emphasizing the importance of transparency and user agency in AI interactions.This article explores the vivid field of generative media, focusing on the production and semiotic analysis of texts. It uses the broad definition of “text,” which encompasses written, visual, and interactive forms, and examines how generative media redefines the roles of content creators and tools. Utilizing Roman Jakobson’s communication model, the article highlights the dynamic decision-making process in text production, whether by human or AI. The paper offers a historical review which traces generative media from early computer art in the 1960s, through the advent of digital design tools in the 1980s and 1990s, to contemporary AI techniques like GANs and diffusion models. It identifies the key properties of generative media: synthetic, dynamic, digital, combinatorial, and agentic. The discussion also addresses the shift from unnoticed AI assistance in early tools to the inadvertently AI-generated content in today’s media landscape. The last part of the paper categorizes generative media interfaces into three types: conversational, web UI, and visual programming interfaces, analyzing their semiotic implications. It suggests that understanding these tools requires recognizing their layered technical components and the evolving user experience from magic-like simplicity to complex customization. In conclusion, the articles advocates for a multidisciplinary, process-oriented approach to fully grasp the cultural and communicative transformations driven by generative media, emphasizing the importance of transparency and user agency in AI interactions.This article explores the vivid field of generative media, focusing on the production and semiotic analysis of texts. It uses the broad definition of “text,” which encompasses written, visual, and interactive forms, and examines how generative media redefines the roles of content creators and tools. Utilizing Roman Jakobson’s communication model, the article highlights the dynamic decision-making process in text production, whether by human or AI. The paper offers a historical review which traces generative media from early computer art in the 1960s, through the advent of digital design tools in the 1980s and 1990s, to contemporary AI techniques like GANs and diffusion models. It identifies the key properties of generative media: synthetic, dynamic, digital, combinatorial, and agentic. The discussion also addresses the shift from unnoticed AI assistance in early tools to the inadvertently AI-generated content in today’s media landscape. The last part of the paper categorizes generative media interfaces into three types: conversational, web UI, and visual programming interfaces, analyzing their semiotic implications. It suggests that understanding these tools requires recognizing their layered technical components and the evolving user experience from magic-like simplicity to complex customization. In conclusion, the articles advocates for a multidisciplinary, process-oriented approach to fully grasp the cultural and communicative transformations driven by generative media, emphasizing the importance of transparency and user agency in AI interactions.

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Multimediálny storytelling v globálnej žurnalistike

Author(s): Peter Ivanič / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2024

This paper explores the practical application of technological innovation to improve the quality and reach of global journalism. At a time of significant global challenges and a rapidly changing information environment, journalists need to embrace new technologies to improve their storytelling and audience engagement. This paper explores how interactive multimedia storytelling technologies and techniques can be used to produce more compelling and inclusive global news. By incorporating these technologies and techniques, journalists can provide more immersive and engaging stories, ensure the inclusion of diverse perspectives and cover global issues such as climate change, migration and human rights more effectively and impactfully. Practical case studies highlight successful implementations of these innovations, demonstrating their potential to transform journalistic practices and improve the quality of news reporting. The paper concludes by offering strategies for journalists to integrate these tools into their workflows, ultimately contributing to a more informed and connected global audience.

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Globálna kultúra opičenia sa v kontexte politizácie inštitútu prázdneho kresla

Author(s): Anna Sámelová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2024

Drawing on theoretical frames of the empty chair institute in legacy media and the spread of cultural patterns in monkey communities and human society, this study clarifies the linkage between the mediatization of politics and the politicisation of such pure professional issue as is the symbol of the empty chair in the broadcast. The main objective is to point out that politicians who consciously expose critical legacy media to the necessity of using an empty chair are simultaneously emotionalising and politicising this professional issue in non-critical media and on their online media platforms as part of their self-presentation.

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Tridsaťtri rokov hľadania: O kreovaní orgánov verejnoprávneho vysielateľa

Author(s): Adam Solga / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2024

In 2024, there was a fundamental change in Slovak media legislation concerning public broadcasting. RTVS as a public service broadcaster ceased to exist, STVR was established. This is not just a trivial change of name. For example, the method of creating managing bodies (voting and appointing a director general, etc.) of the public broadcaster has also changed. An ethics commission was also included in the structure, but its goals, tasks and competences are only vaguely defined in the law. The new legislation brings such changes that raise questions as to whether STVR is still a public service broadcaster (de iure statutory corporation), or whether it is already a state media.

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Еnhancing city identity through digital metaphors

Author(s): Konstantinos Digkas / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2025

City branding is a discipline focused on unveiling the unique character of cities and enhancing their visibility, identity, and cultural impact. In recent years, cities have been exploring new methods to promote themselves and attract more visitors. This has led stakeholders and those involved in city branding to find new pathways to create “a new identifiable image” of the city (Riza et al. 2012), making it an attractive destination (Kotler & Gertner 2002). With the rise of digital technologies and globalization, the possibilities for city branding have significantly increased. In the digital era, many cities that pivoted from traditional models of branding have succeeded in renewing their identity using digital media and the incorporation of digital metaphors in their branding campaigns. As a result, many cities have managed to rebrand and refashion their identity. This paper aims to explore how cities are represented in digital media and which digital metaphors are used to attract a younger, more technologically savvy audience. Through a multimodal framework, I will analyze the recent branding campaign of the city of Thessaloniki to identify how digital metaphors are used and their impact on younger audiences.

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Vingt ans de réflexion sur la question des frontières. Où en sommes-nous ?

Author(s): Georges CONTOGEORGIS / Language(s): French Issue: 33-34/2023

The last twenty years have been marked by significant changes on the global geopolitical scene. We prioritize the global development of the economy and communication technology because it has more specifically led to upheavals at the level of borders. We note that the questioning of borders is increasingly transferred within the State and is found more precisely in the problem concerning the formation of two societies within it: the society of citizens and the economic society. Over historical time, this dualism will result in society being restructured into a multinational corporation. As history reveals to us, particularly Hellenic history, the re-establishment of a relative balance between society and economy is no longer possible by returning to the closed borders of the past, but only by a change of political paradigm. By this we mean that the society of citizens will acquire its own political boundaries within the state territory: that it will transform into a political society, that it will embody the political system, while what we call State will be a parameter within service of his will. The law of necessity is on the verge of leading citizens’ societies to make a revolution in the field of concepts, so that it realizes that the restoration of balance with the international markets requires its installation within the political system, by the transition from the elective monarchy, which is experienced today, to representation and basically to democracy.

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MEDIA, DEMOCRACY, MILITARY AND NATIONAL SECURITY IN NIGERIA

Author(s): Ifedayo AKINWALERE / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2023

This study discussed Nigerian military, national security and the role of the mass media in democracy. The media are critical stakeholders in the Nigerian project. During colonial rule, the press led the fight for Nigeria independence. During military rule, the media led the fight to return the country to democracy. The study explained that the press has been the foremost instrument of fighting for equity, justice, unity and the development of Nigeria. Journalists should be empowered to tell the powerful stories that will aid our overall collective development; keep our leaders and institutions accountable; foster peace and unity; as well as inspire a sense of patriotic duty amongst the citizenry. To strengthen the media, which is the Fourth Estate of The Realm in democracy is a task that must be done. The mass media in Nigeria should be used to enhance and sustain the security of the nation. This means that mass media should never be used as divisive instrument among the people of Nigeria but rather should be used for the promotion and consolidation of national unity and integration. It is also recommended that security operatives should work with media practitioners as watchdogs of the society.

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EMANCIPIMI I GRUAS: LIGJËRIMI MBI ROLIN E GRUAS NË VITET 1960-1970 NË FAQET E REVISTËS “SHQIPTARJA E RE”

Author(s): Klejd Këlliçi,Ermira Danaj / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 01/2024

This paper is an attempt to identify different phases of the discourse on the concept of women's emancipation during communism in Albania between the 1950s and 1970s. Women's emancipation is seen as one of the most important policies implemented with the establishment of the regime, and also among the longest-lasting interventions. Women became subjects of intervention and transformation directed by the party, which determined the identity and the way it should be displayed in the new space of socialist Albania. The concern or the construction of public policies on women's emancipation was as much a part of the ideological arsenal as it was of the already manifested models, such as that of the Soviet Union. Thus, the regime not only tried to act and transform women based on the ideological principles of Marxism but, above all, it tried to apply a proven and desirable model of imitation, the Soviet one. Later, especially after 1961, efforts were made to offer an Albanian version of the model of women's emancipation.

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Dziecięce autobiografie w „Małym Przeglądzie” jako źródło historyczne

Author(s): Anna Landau-Czajka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

Janusz Korczak appreciated children’s biographies and published them in the magazine he edited, “Mały Przegląd”. From today’s point of view, some of these diaries/memoirs absolutely should not have been published. They violated the privacy of children, both the authors of the diaries and the friends they described. In the context of the publication in “Mały Przegląd”, it is worth considering to what extent Korczak’s words about the “right to silence” and “respect for children’s secrets” were respected by him. Korczak required his correspondents to write the absolute truth, also in the case of diaries, and sometimes their truthfulness was verified. The firm order to write the absolute truth, the shortcuts made by the editors that change the essence of the statement, make us wonder who the autobiographical texts were intended to serve. Some autobiographies indicate that they were selected to serve Korczak’s educational ideas or to fit into the Zionist model of forming a “new man”. In autobiographies and memoirs, the educational line of “Mały Przegląd” is visible to a greater extent than in letters. Therefore, I would like to put forward the thesis that some of them were, to some extent, used instrumentally, despite Korczak’s noble statements.

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„Niechże świat wie…”. Korespondencja Emila Zegadłowicza i żydowskich uczennic gimnazjum Zofii Rozenfeldowej w Warszawie (1937–1939)

Author(s): Mirosław Wójcik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

In this article, I present the correspondence Emil Zegadłowicz (1888–1941) carried out between 1937 and 1939 with the so-called “Trzydziestka” [Thirty], i.e. a group of Jewish female students of Zofia Rozenfeld’s gymnasium in Warsaw who collaborated with the “Small Review”. In order to reconstruct the history of this contact, I use letters found in the archives, previously unpublished, of both the writer’s teenage correspondents and their tutor Felicja Wermusówna. The surviving letters of “Trzydziestka” are dominated by environmental motifs, but there is also no lack of reflections of a general human nature, often encountered motifs are a longing for the order of biology, nature contrasted with urbanism, pessimism flowing from observation of the immediate environment of the inhabitants of the Jewish neighborhoods of Warsaw, and a feeling of horror, generated by growing fascism and increasingly common manifestations of anti-Semitism, concern for the fate of the Jewish people, a protest against people’s indifference, the loss of the ideals of brotherhood and the glorification of Truth and Friendship.

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O pamiętnikach Aliny i Henryki. Radość dorastania, wojenna przemoc a lokalna polityka pamięci

Author(s): Jacek Drozda,Zofia Rojek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

The following article contains an overview of memoirs written by two sisters – Alina and Henryka from the village of Urle during the World War II and after. We present the content of the memoirs in a wider social and cultural context. We examine the relationship between personal experiences of two young girls, aged 11 and 12 – their self-acceptance, arguments, love of animals and the tragic events of war: the liquidation of the ghetto in Jadów, escaping a rape attempt and the fear of loosing their loved ones. We also examine the local politics of memory in Jadów which marginalises the history of local Jewry.

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„Mamo, my nie jesteśmy nędznikami z Belsen! Ale mogliśmy być i bylibyśmy…”. Philipa Rotha kłopot z Ocaleniem

Author(s): Piotr Weiser / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

This essay is an attempt to understand the problem of surviving the Holocaust in Philip Roth’s prose, starting from his Conversion (1958) to Indignation (2008). Survival is a topic that returns regularly in Roth’s novels and in various contexts (American, European, Israeli), and is also a diffuse topic. The author of the article proposes a detailed analysis of Roth’s plots from the titular angle, compares his statements about the Holocaust and survival, confronts them and interprets them, remaining, so to speak, inside the text.

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Śmierć człowieka skomodyfikowanego we wspomnieniach „ostatniego czarnego ładunku”. Barracoon Zory Neale Hurston

Author(s): Aleksandra Piętka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

The author of this paper examines Cudjo “Kossola” Lewis’ memoir, written down by Zora Neale Hurston in Barracoon: The Story of the Last „Black Cargo”, in the context of Stephanie Smallwood’s Saltwater Slavery: A Middle Passage From Africa to American Diaspora to describe the process of commodification of Cudjo and Africans who arrived in the USA in 1860 onboard Clotilda, the last known slave ship. The author analyzes the subsequent phases of changing Kossola’s subjective status and social death in Africa and the country of forced emigration. Also, the article presents Kossola’s means for integrating into America’s social structure following Emancipation.

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Pamiętnik chasydki, czyli Reszimas zichrojnes Chany Schneersohn

Author(s): Jadwiga Czeska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

The article is an analysis of a Hasidic ego-document written in Yiddish by Chana Schneerson (1880–1964). A case study of the diary of an Orthodox author, set in the broader context of female intimacy and the rules of the Hasidic world, allows for the extraction and description of the female experience encoded in it. The text is an attempt to deal with the specificity of autobiography, written from the inside of an Orthodox community, in which the issues of self-censorship, gender, religion and emigration play an important role.

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