Kształcenie i ocenianie kompetencji społecznych ratownika medycznego – inspiracja Krajowych Ram Kwalifikacji

Author(s): Barbara Seweryn,Mikołaj Spodaryk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

Introduction: Social competences are the one of three categories of learning outcomes collaterally to knowledge and skills which should be evaluated and verified in students by academies. Polish Qualifications Framework obligate academies to do it, but we can see difficulties in matching methods and evaluation tools. The study shows how academic teachers deal with creating attitudes connected with social competences for paramedic students. The aim of our study was the recognition of the opinions of paramedic students and graduates about the effectiveness of teaching social competences during the entire period of education. Material and methods: Voluntary survey was conducted among third-year paramedic students and graduates. Closed questionnaire contained questions about the ten social skills which are in learning outcomes for the course of paramedic study. Open-ended question about the course in which, in the opinions of respondents, social competencies were implemented, was placed after each closed question. Results: Majority of respondents considered that the attitudes and behaviors expressed in social competence for paramedics are implemented in a satisfactory manner. It was pointed out that lectures and exercises beneficial as a form of classes. Conclusions: The study shows the need to improve exercises as a top rated classes and draw attention to practical classes and practices that inadequately fulfill their function. Further research is needed in this direction because of the limitations of study and the lack of a representative group.

Zapobieganie przemocy przez mediację

Author(s): Błażej Pasiut / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2014

Current article refers to the issue of the use of mediation as tool for prevention of violence in interpersonal relationships. The article presents use of mediation in situations with the thread of violence, both in the light of legal regulations and psychological aspects, based on theoretical knowledge and experience in the application of the method. The author points out that in the situations with the thread of violence mediation may be effective, assuming appropriate qualification and experience of mediator and appropriate approach. Furthermore, mediation may even be a landmark event, actuating a process of healing in the relationship or even preventing potential violence.

Soft power w polityce gospodarczej Chin wobec krajów Azji Południowo-Wschodniej

Author(s): Łukasz Gacek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2012

The effectiveness of a state’s policy in the contemporary world is largely dependent on the ability to use tools which enable it to exert indirect influence on other actors in international relations. “Soft power” is the power of attractiveness, inspiring others to undertake initiatives on their own, in accordance with our intentions but without being directly influenced. These elements play a significant role in China’s foreign policy; the state strives to create a positive atmosphere around projects implemented in various parts of the world. The geographic and cultural proximity to Southeast Asian countries means that this issue becomes fundamentally important with regard to this region.

Terroryzm w Rosji i ZSRR: Terror w myśli politycznej Włodzimierza Lenina

Author(s): Kazimierz Kraj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2011

The paper outlines the history of terrorism in imperial Russia at the turn of the 19th to 20th century as well as in the USSR. The author reviews Vladimir Lenin’s political ideas regarding terrorism and the validity of the Bolsheviks using terror. Then, the author presents the origin of terrorism and some of the arguably most important terrorist acts committed during the times of imperial Russia and the USSR up until 1991. The information presented in the paper shows that terrorism was valued as an instrument of political fi ght in the past and it has been elevated to the rank of art of war and developed on a mass scale. Its political infl uence is much stronger now than was the case of terrorists in the late 19th and early 20th century as a result of the omnipresent mass media spreading information.

Metody i techniki pozyskiwania i przetwarzania informacji medialnej na potrzeby białego wywiadu

Author(s): Andrzej Nowosad / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2005

Cognitive Warfare: what is our actual knowledge and how to build state resilience?

Author(s): Robert Reczkowski,Andrzej Lis / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

Contemporary national security systems face many challenges related to the changes taking place in the security and operating environments. Cognitive warfare, listed as one of such challenges, is often described as “the struggle for hearts and minds” because in cognitive warfare it is the human mind that becomes the battlefield. The aim of the paper is to identify and explore the key assumptions of cognitive warfare. The research process is focused on the following study questions: (1) What are the characteristics of cognitive warfare? (2) How can cognitive operations build an advantage over a competitor? (3) How to build resilience to cognitive operations? The analysis is based on the data collected with the use of the method of narrative literature review. Moreover, the authors’ participatory observations and lessons from national and international military research projects contributed to understanding and discussing the gist of cognitive warfare.

Practical dimension of issues related to assessing the reliability of sources and the trustworthiness of data and information

Author(s): Józef Kozłowski / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2023

The phases of preparation, analysis, integration, initial interpretation of data and intelligence are relatively widely described in the literature. Only the field of assessing the certainty of sources and the reliability of data and intelligence has not kept pace with the development of other elements in the domain of information operations. In view of the increasing intensity of activities carried out by potential adversaries, the methods, techniques and tools currently in use should be critically evaluated and their limitations identified, and attempts should be made to develop and implement new processes and procedures. Above all, the capacity to prepare and communicate increasingly accurate assessments of the certainty of sources and the reliability of data and information must be enhanced. Therefore, it is necessary to: quantify the accuracy of the information, prepare new procedures and software, study the degree of information redundancy, its completeness and level of diagnosticity. Acquisition and analytical apparatus staff must be aware of existing limitations and search for ways to solve problems. Such a search should not focus on one-size-fits-all methods, but on a pragmatic approach to each element.

Biały wywiad w zarządzaniu bezpieczeństwem informacji

Author(s): Maciej Witczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 30/2024

Open-source intelligence (OSINT) poses a threat to the information security system in an organisation (business, armed forces) and even in a whole state. The aim of the article is to provide an overview of this issue, to present the threats posed by open source intelligence and to identify ways of countering them. The theoretical part is complemented by a practical case study and confirms the hypotheses: gathering information from the open sources is possible, but it does not always allow for a comprehensive intelligence product. Moreover, the information security management minimises the risk of collecting data from the open sources. The second part provides recommendations and proposes a universal model of information security management in an organisation.

Audiences for Orchestral Music: Challenges New and Old. The Cases of Germany and Poland

Author(s): Marta Zieba,John O’Hagan / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Technological change has impacted orchestral music for over a century, with the demise of orchestral concert audiences in their familiar form being considered by some at various times to be under threat. Access for classical music audiences however has increased over recent decades through radio, albums, and tapes/CDs/DVDs, thereby increasing the potential for large increases in classical music listener/viewer audiences. In the case of albums and tapes/CDs/DVDs, audiences have control over what and when they tune in, whereas in the case of radio, the schedule is fixed for them. Besides, in-hall audiences, adjusted for population, at orchestral concerts in Germany and Poland have been increasing, but a small number of orchestras in each country dominate. Technology has now made possible, through the live streaming of concerts, not just into cinemas and similar venues but also directly into homes, a potential substantial increase in live listening/viewing audiences; the Berliner Philharmoniker is leading the way in this regard.

ELEKTRONIČKO NASILJE MEĐU MLADIMA - PREGLED SUVREMENIH SPOZNAJA I MOGUĆNOSTI ZA KREIRANJE INTERVENCIJA

Author(s): Sabina Mandić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 9/2024

For children and adolescents, the virtual environment has become an integral part of daily life, in which they fulfil their daily duties, complete schoolwork, grow up and achieve various developmental outcomes, build, and maintain interpersonal relationships, form their own identity and so on. Due to this intensive use, it is not surprising that data shows that more and more children and adolescents are exposed to different modalities of electronic violence (cyberbullying), especially on social networks and through online video games. Electronic violence, i.e. cyberbullying is defined as the use of the internet for the purpose of causing harm, pain or intimidation to another person (Cambridge Dictionary, 2024; UNICEF, 2024) and manifests itself through the sending of unpleasant or threatening messages, the publication of untrue information, the sending and/or forwarding of photographic or video material without the consent of the person whose material is being sent, and numerous other forms. Some data also indicates that almost all young people are exposed to electronic violence during their primary and secondary school years (EU Kids Online, 2020), either in the role of perpetrator, victim, or bystander, which can lead to numerous undesirable consequences that can disrupt a young person's psychosocial functioning. Accordingly, the main objective of this paper is to present relevant scientific evidence on electronic violence/cyberbullying among children and adolescents and to present current data on the prevalence of violence through social networks and online video games. Also, guidelines for the development of psychosocial prevention and treatment interventions in this area are presented, as well as examples of programs that have been developed and evaluated. The literature review and examples of already developed interventions help to expand the knowledge of researchers and clinicians on this very topical and rapidly changing phenomenon and provide basic guidelines for the creation and development of interventions for children and adolescents.

Network Analysis of Disinformation Actors During COVID-19 Pandemics and Beyond: The Case of Czech Facebook

Author(s): Robin Burda,Josef Procházka / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Disinformation has been on the rise in recent years. Especially Central and Eastern Europe felt this in the form of Russian hybrid campaigns aiming to destabilize democratic governments and whole societies. Despite the apparent threat, there is a considerable research gap regarding the disinformation scene in the Czech Republic, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic and after the Russian invasion of Ukraine. This article aimed to cover this gap by conducting a social network analysis of the Czech disinformation scene on Facebook from the beginning of the pandemic on March 11, 2020, until August 2023. The final dataset contained more than 6,000 posts, resulting in a network of 3,822 actors and 7,255 interactions. The analysis showed a high interconnectedness of the analyzed network and confirmed the crucial role of politicians and other public figures in spreading disinformation in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, a “disinformation spillover” from Slovakia to Czechia was observed, pointing out the interconnected disinformation scene in the two countries.

ORGANIZACIONA KULTURA I UVOĐENJE INFORMACIONIH SISTEMA U NEPROFITNIM ORGANIZACIJAMA

Author(s): Helena Lajšić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 9/2024

Organizational culture is defined as the characteristic beliefs and behaviors that exist in the organization. It is a set of formal and informal behaviors that the organization has adopted as its way of doing business. Every organization has its own specific culture or set of values. Most organizations do not consciously try to create a certain culture, but the culture of the organization is mostly created spontaneously and unconsciously, and is based on the values of the top management or the founder of the organization. An assessment of the organizational culture can provide real data about the real values and norms of the organization. It is defined as a series of characteristics that influence how employees see the organization. The behavior of employees and the way employees perform their jobs are based on collective values, norms and knowledge and have a decisive influence on the success of the entire organization. The introduction of information technologies into organization changes not only the appearance of the organization, but also its routines, management style and employee behavior. All the work tasks of the entire organization are the basic modules of the information system for managing the organization, they directly represent the basis for the architecture and organization of information segments. The application of information technologies in human resource management and business is not a question at all, but an integral part of a unique system. Well designed modules through various programming tools, relational databases and solutions provide simple recording, monitoring, management and analysis of a large amount of data. In order to ensure the successful implementation of the information system, it is necessary to take into account all strategic and tactical factors that significantly influence this process. This scientific paper presents an analysis of several non-profit organizations in Banja Luka, a cross-section of the state and use of information technologies, as well as the attitude of employees. The research focuses on non-profit organizations in the field of education and culture.

E-learning in Norway and Iceland. Development Trends

Author(s): Lidia Pokrzycka / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The article describes the practice of implementing e-learning in Norway and Iceland using Oslo Metropolitan University, Reykjavik University and the University of Iceland as examples. The interest in this problem came from the fact that the Nordic countries are leaders in online learning and I had the opportunity to teach at the universities analyzed. Having close contact with the way of teaching in Norway and Iceland, I asked whether some elements of teaching from the analyzed Nordic countries could be implemented in Poland. Thus, the aim of the article is to introduce the basics of the specifics of teaching at the selected universities and to consider whether the proven methods can be implemented in Poland. The basis of the article was therefore participatory observation, and the results of work with Norwegian and Icelandic students prove that Nordic methods of work can be – at least to some extend – transferred to the Polish educational market (not only in higher education, but also, for example, in corporate e-learning).

How Can ChatGPT Facilitate Teaching and Learning: Implications for Contemporary Education

Author(s): Turgut Karakose,Tijen Tülübaş / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

Background/purpose – ChatGPT stands before educational professionals with all its benefits and pitfalls, urging them to maximize its benefits for all levels of education while consistently searching for ways to minimize its risks. In the same vein, it is gradually recognized as a promising tool to serve the needs of students in the contemporary and forthcoming society. To this end, the present paper seeks to accumulate the wealth of opportunities ChatGPT can offer for the benefit of learners and teachers while also arguing over some implications of this new technology for educational leaders and policy makers. Materials/methods – This is an argumentative writing based on a review of the literature on the potential benefits of ChatGPT for learning and teaching. Practical implications – ChatGPT provides students with personalized learning environments, individualized tutoring/feedback, and a great bunch of learning materials. When used with proper guidance and awareness, ChatGPT can facilitate the development of twenty-first century 4C skills (collaboration, communication, critical thinking, and creativity) as well as supporting students with disabilities or learning difficulties. ChatGPT can also help teachers enrich their instruction through providing them with creative ideas and solutions as well as helping them write lesson plans, develop presentations, reach content and materials tailored to their students’ needs. ChatGPT can also assist teachers while assessing student work or performance, preparing exams, or designing evaluation rubrics. Recent AI-based technologies such as ChatGPT require the combined efforts of educational leaders and policy makers to prepare a digital- friendly ecology in schools to maximize the benefits of such technologies. Conclusion – ChatGPT offers many opportunities that could transform the goals, content, processes, and approaches of teaching in a way that caters for the needs of students as the citizens of the future society.

Roboty humanoidalne w terapii dzieci z zaburzeniami ze spektrum autyzmu – szanse i zagrożenia

Author(s): Joanna Kossewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are due to many etiological factors and despite the constant interest of researchers they constitute an intriguing mystery. The incidence of these neurodevelopmental disorders has been steadily increasing in the general population over recent decades. Inter-individual differences are significant, so effective methods of educational and therapeutic interactions are still being sought. Great hopes are placed on contemporary social robotics, a rapidly developing field, which can provide many practical solutions. However, humanoid robots are also becoming an inspiring proposition in the field of therapy and education of children with autism, but its effectiveness is still the subject of many experimental studies. The aim of the article is to critically reflect on the ethical aspects of using robots to help people with autism. The presentation of research results on the use of humanoid robots in the diagnosis and therapy of people with autism underpins reflections grounded in the fundamental axiological values and rights of people with autism be protected against abuse.

Особенности межкультурной коммуникации в контексте делового взаимодействия представителей разных корпоративных культур

Author(s): Tatiana Pochinok / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2021

The article examines the problem of the implementation of intercultural communication in the context of business interaction between representatives of multinational corporate cultures. The author affirms that representatives of different cultures for the implementation of effective business communication and the development of rational management decisions need to have sociocultural competence, namely to know about the ethnopsychological peculiarities of the representatives of different linguocultures and be able to consider this knowledge in the process of intercultural communication. The article presents ethnopsychological peculiarities and models of behavior of representatives of Western and Eastern cultures as a comparative analysis. As an example, the author examines in more detail the implementation of the ethnopsychological peculiarity of positive perception on the example of the representatives of the American and Russian-speaking cultures.

Современная гемеронимия Беларуси: стратегии, тактики медианоминации

Author(s): Liydmila Goduyko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2021

The article is devoted to nomination strategies of Belarusian mass media. The strategies of informing, target audience determination and self-presentation are seen as the main. For each, a set of communicative tactics, linguistic means and methods of implementation are established.

Редактор регионального издания как сетевой критик медиатекста

Author(s): Tatyana Romantsova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2021

The article examines the problematic and thematic differences between the publications of editors of the regional media on the group and personal pages of Facebook, describes the difference in rhetorical models while building communication in a social network, identifies the main communicative and speech problems of domestic media, submitted for public discussion.

Inkluzivní vyjadřování v češtině. Metodická doporučení

Author(s): Jana Valdrová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2024

The document titled provides methodological recommendations for inclusive language use in Czech. It emphasizes the importance of addressing and referring to individuals politely and inclusively in both internal and external communications within organizations, businesses, and EU workplaces. The methodology is based on research from German, English, and four Slavic languages over the past thirty years, highlighting the negative impact of generically used masculine forms, which marginalize women and ignore non-binary individuals. The document suggests using gender-neutral or inclusive forms, especially in job advertisements, to encourage more women and non-binary people to apply. It also addresses gender stereotypes, the protection of names, and the use of non-binary language. The recommendations aim to support social changes and promote gender equality in the Czech language. The document includes practical examples and alternatives for common phrases and terms, advocating for a balanced representation of all genders in communication.

Restoran İşletmelerine Yapılan Olumsuz Yorumları ChatGPT Değerlendirebilir Mi? TripAdvisor’da Bir Uygulama

Author(s): Ali Dalgıç / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2023

Purpose - This study investigates the effective use of the artificial intelligence-based application ChatGPT by restaurant businesses in handling customer complaints and recoveries. Additionally, recommendations to businesses in the context of complaint reasons and the assessment of customers' anger levels by ChatGPT are also examined. Design/methodology/approach - The research was conducted with a case study design using qualitative research method. The scope of the research encompasses the ten most reviewed businesses operating in Isparta. Considering the research objective, negative comments on these businesses are analyzed. A total of 17 negative reviews were accessed on the TripAdvisor website between January 1st and September 25th, 2023. Utilizing research questions previously formulated regarding complaint reasons, recommendations to businesses, recoveries, and anger levels, ChatGPT was employed to inquire about negative reviews. Findings - ChatGPT highlighted "staff," "food," and "service" as complaint elements. Detailed recommendations for businesses were provided by ChatGPT within the context of these areas. Additionally, ChatGPT emphasized remedial strategies such as "apologizing," "special offers and discounts," and "regaining efforts" (discounts, special offers, or complimentary items) as recovery strategies. Discussion - In general, ChatGPT can be considered effective in responding to reviews and evaluating negative feedback. Complaint reasons, recommendations to businesses, and recovery strategies regarding negative reviews can be rapidly presented to businesses by ChatGPT. However, due to ChatGPT's evaluation of customers' anger levels solely based on the written content, ratings of 8-9 were frequently observed.