Opinie studentów z wybranych państw Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej na temat stosunku do zwierząt

Author(s): Karolina Cynk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2019

The purpose of this article is description of perception and valuation ofanimals by students from selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe.In the first part of article was presented the history of the relationship betweenhuman and animal. The theoretical part of text includes also reflections on themoral status of animals. In the second part of article was presented results ofthe research which was conducted by author in 2015. The subject of the researcheswas: “Environmental values in the awareness of the students of humanities andlife sciences from the selected European countries”. The project was conductedbased on the quantitative method. The sample was comprised 520 students.In the article proposes the following research problems: Does the perception ofanimals depend on the direction the respondents study? Does gender affect howrespondents perceive animals? The questions and independent variables werenominal, and their analysis required the use of a chi-squared test to examine.On the base statistical calculations can be concluded that sex and faculty ofstudy doesn’t differentiate respondent’s opinion about animals welfare. The lackof differences in opinions between respondents is explained by the fact that it isthe result of specifics of cultural Central Eastern Europe, not of gender or fieldof study. Obtained conclusions are pushing for further research in this area.

Политические метафоры в российских СМИ – гендерный aспект

Author(s): Joanna Wasiluk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 12/2019

In political discourse, a very important role is played by the conceptualmetaphors, which are often gender-oriented. Such metaphors are used to describean internal and external political relations, what is the subject of our analysis.Particular attention is paid to the evaluative properties of these metaphors,which is their inherent element and very often associated with moral values andstereotypes characteristic of a of a particular culture.

Europejska inicjatywa obywatelska. Nieefektywnie wykorzystane pokłady społecznej aktywności

Author(s): Mieczysława Zdanowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

The main purpose of this article is the analysis of the practice of using the European citizens’ initiative.Initiatives which were refused for registration; withdrawn; and those with insufficient support were analysed. Conducted research shows that it is valuable initiative for democratisation of the European Union.However, high ratio of refusal of registration and low quantity of successful initiatives indicates necessityof carrying out changes in current law.

Unia Europejska w stanie krytycznym. Nowe sytuacje – nowe konstelacje – nowe orientacje

Author(s): Zbigniew D. Czachór / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

The crisis in the European Union is forcing the world of science, mainly representatives of European research and studies, to change thinking, and thus to the need to search for new patterns of scientific thinking. Such formulas and views that will allow to explain and understand the dynamics of the construction and deconstruction of European integration. The paradigm of situationism is helpful here, which refers to the postulate of identifying and defining critical situations leading to changes in the EU. We define the situation here as a set of conditional circumstances and the state of the matter in which the European Union is located. The situation is also a fragment of the action (reconstruction of activities) taking place in the European integration process. Situationism may aspire to an integrative metatheory, because rejects all generalisation and universalisation of reality. It makes European integration actors (mainly policy-makers) connected with their actions (interactions – transactions) dependent on instruments (procedures) and requirements of the specific situation in which they found themselves.

The rule of law proceedings against Poland: polarising effect of the media coverage

Author(s): Konrad Niklewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The central research hypothesis of this article is that the rule of law procedure, initiated by the European Commission against Poland in December 2017, added to the pre-existing political polarisation and thegrowing partisanship. It did not create new political cleavages; it only further deepened the existing gapbetween different parts of society. As the paper will show, based on quantitative and qualitative analysisof the media, the language and the tone of the news and opinion items, published by media outlets openlytaking the political sides, appeared to be purposely conflictual. The debate on Article 7 proceedings alsoproved to be a fertile ground for fringe, nationalistic and Eurosceptic groupings to flourish on the socialplatforms.

Młodzież akademicka. Więzi z państwem i społeczeństwem – międzynarodowe badania porównawcze. Pomysł, warsztat metodologiczny i przebieg badań

Author(s): Dagna Dejna,Filip Nalaskowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

This article presents the most important aims and conduction of the “Patriotic Studies” project,carried by us. Research was carried out in Poland, Russia, Turkey, Georgia and Romania. Wepresent the foundations of our decisions, and methodological solutions in fields of: aims,identification of the most important ideas, state of knowledge, research inspirations. We presentthe chosen research method, sample, and tested environments. In addition, the article containsthe reconstruction of selected aspects of Pierre Bourdieu’s theory, on which we based ourstrategy.The described research has the comparative and international nature. Three main aims wereestablished: measuring the level and scope of identification with the state and society among theuniversity students, measuring the level of social, economic and cultural capital of the examinedyouth and examining the correlation between them and the level of identification with the stateand society manifested by the respondents, as well as determining and examining the possible correlations between the patriotic attitude (the degree of identification with the state andsociety) and the field of study, the country of residence and the level of symbolic capital.

Poufność komunikacji elektronicznej w rozporządzeniu o prywatności i łączności elektronicznej: jak chronić prywatność i autonomię osobistą bez utrudniania rozwoju rozwiązań AI

Author(s): Jan Czarnocki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 86/2020

This article aims to analyse Articles 5 and 6 of the draft ePrivacy Regulation put forward by the European Commission, as key rules regulating the processing of electronic communication data and metadata. The confidentiality of electronic communication is an important aspect of privacy and personal autonomy protection. Still, disproportionate regulation may hurt economic growth, particularly with regard to artificial intelligence (AI) solutions development. The article begins by briefly describing a socio-economic context in which the future regulation of electronic communication confidentiality will function, then analyses the implications of proposed norms for the protection of privacy and personal autonomy, and their potential implications for economic development, for AI solutions in particular. The article analyses which of the proposed versions of Articles 5 and 6 meet the middle ground and ensure protection of privacy and personal autonomy without at the same time hampering economic development and AI innovation. After analysing the proposed normative content of all three versions of the ePrivacy Regulation draft, some afterthoughts are shared about them and their potential impact. The goal is to find the proper balance between privacy protection as an ultimate priority and maintaining economic development and innovation as something that cannot be ignored and is a priority in its own right, to an extent where it does not harm the essential content of the fundamental right to privacy and personal autonomy.

REVIEW & TODAY

Author(s): Jana Radošinská,Ľuboš Greguš,Peter Krajčovič,Tamás Darázs,Petra Cepková,Peter Lančarič,Eva Jonisová / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

1. Slovak Language in the Media (or, 111 Most Common Mistakes Made by Slovak Journalists); 2. News in Media; 3. Neuromarketing – A New Possibility in Marketing Research at FMK UCM in Trnava; 4. About an Exhibition Image/Flow of Realities.

Prisutnost FOMO-a kod studenata Filozofskog fakulteta u Tuzli - (bez)opasni fenomen?

Author(s): Šejn Husejnefendić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 17/2021

The present paper discusses the phenomenon of excessive use of smartphones focusing on social networks – primarily Facebook and Instagram. Subjects in focus were students of the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Tuzla from all study fields, undergraduates and postgraduates. Paper is theoretically focused on the phenomenon, recognized by recent academic literature, as FOMO or "fear of missing out)" and also partially investigates nomophobia ("NO MObilePHonePhoBIA) as a new subtype of "addiction" (whether it is an addiction or not, the academic community is still divided). It also includes a theoretical introduction and description of FOMO syndrome and nomophobia in developed democracies with available statistics and data on recent research that focuses – mainly – on young people (not older than 35 years). Based on the available research, FOMO was defined and also indicators that can be interpreted or related to nomophobia. A considerable number of indicators were found which confirm the possible wide existence of FOMO and nomophobia among students of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Tuzla. The empirical part consists of a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon in modern democratic societies (with a focus on the younger population) and a comparison with the data obtained from an online survey in which 110 students participated. Quantitative indicators point to a justified assumption of the existence of FOMO phenomena and nomophobia among students of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Tuzla. 25% of them feel a sudden need to check their smartphones if they haven’t done so in the last hour; 21% say that it never happens to them that they don’t check social networks for more than an hour. 46% of students would not be able to abstain from social media and a similar percentage said they have problems related to sleep. A significant number of respondents admit that they spend too much time on social media, but, as they subjectively assess, they do not feel that it’s a "digital addiction" but a habit.

Among Friends: The Role of Friendship in Alternative Organizations

Author(s): Monika Kostera,Marta Szeluga-Romańska / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Friendship, a mutual and profound relationship, permeates history of human culture and occurs in all social situations, including professional and informal human activities. In organizations, it devel­ops through processes of communication and generates a communication culture of kindness and support. Organizational friendship enhances work engagement and satisfaction, as well as helps to promote individual ends. This article investigates the more vital significance of friendship in alter­native organizations. Such organizations, operating at the margins of the currently dominant profit-oriented business model, offer a plethora of insights of possible structures and practices. Our ethno­graphic qualitative research shows the implications of workplace friendship as organizing principle. It helps to make organizations more humane, and redressed the moral imbalance, so prevalent in contemporary organizing and management. This has important implications for any kind of com­munication, creating social awareness around important themes related to management and organ­izations. Patterns of friendship are meaningful for organizing and organizations and their most vi­tal significance concerns the area of social communication.

Code-switching on Facebook among Jordanians

Author(s): Amal AbuTayeh / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2021

Over the past years, the Internet has become a tool of communication among different people in the world. Due to the spread of the Internet, many researchers have focused their attention on the study of language use through the Internet. Code-switching is one of the sociolinguistic phenomena that have been observed in Computer Mediated Communication (CMC). The present paper explores the sociolinguistic phenomenon of code-switching in computer mediated communication by Jordanians. The study highlighted several English words that have been utilized for code-switching through online interaction. Furthermore, it studied the participants’ views about the role of Facebook in mixing Arabic with English. The methodology used in this study was descriptive, involving both qualitative and quantitative methods. An online questionnaire was shared on Facebook pages and groups. The sample included 181 participants; in addition, 35 interviews took place at home with relatives, with neighbors and in shops. The results revealed several perspectives about code-switching. Some participants mentioned that Facebook has led them to code-switch by using the most frequently switched words, such as; comment, like, group, share. Nevertheless, other participants mentioned that they prefer to use Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and avoid using any English words in online activities, which means that Facebook has no impact on their language. A higher percentage of participants agreed that Facebook plays a role in mixing Arabic with English

The Metaphor of Metalanguage from the Perspective of Contemporary Linguistics: Insights into the Relationship between Conceptualization and the Theoretical Modelling of Language, Communication and Translation

Author(s): Paweł Bąk / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2021

The paper aims at discussing the problems of conceptual metalinguistic metaphorics, its influence on the way theoretical considerations is exercised in contemporary linguistic discourse, which results in the creation of specific models of language, communication and translation. The problem of metaphorical profiling discussed in the following considerations is approached from the perspective of contemporary linguistics, which makes it possible to see a peculiar confusion of “reality” and “cognitive” aspects in metalinguistic reflection. Undoubtedly, it is impossible to think and discuss the most abstract aspects of language outside the metaphorical framework. But should all metaphorical imagery, including the most “common sense” constructs, justify the theoretical modelling of language, communication or translation and set the course for a scientific cognitive approach to these categories? The metaphorical language of the researcher should be an element consistent with the theoretical assumptions that the researcher represents. This is because a metaphor is a reflection of a person’s way of thinking. A lack of congruence between expressions and the description of the declared views may result in a lack of credibility of the language theory. The conclusions presented in this paper will be subjected to further investigations.

Milindapañha and the Role of Buddhism as a Catalyst for Public Communication and Discussion

Author(s): Olga Kubica / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2021

As Amartya Sen has rightly noticed (Sen 2005: 182), one of Buddhist main principles was attaching special importance to discussions and dialogue. This argumentative tradition, which is traceable in Buddhism from the very beginning, for example in the texts of the Sutta Piṭaka or the so-called “Buddhist councils,” especially the third of them in the time of Aśoka, who in his edicts advocated respect for dissenting views, finds its exemplification in the Milindapañha — a Pāli Buddhist text, missing original version of which was probably written in Gāndhārī. The analysis of this text, taking into account a variety of possible influences in a multicultural environment of the region of its origin – Gandhāra and during its transmission, as well as the applied artistic means, will give us the opportunity to reconsider the crucial questions regarding the religious and ethnic identity of the Indo-Greek ruler and the attractiveness of Buddhism to the Greeks living in the region of Gandhāra in the second and first century BC. These questions, in a broader perspective, relate to the matters of the dialogue on its many levels: socio-political, intercultural, interpersonal and intrapersonal. Analysis of these levels enables us to notice the essence of the dialogue and its importance

Acculturation or autonomy? Controversy over the status of the Sámi in Finland during the interwar period

Author(s): Kari ALENIUS / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 1/2021

The newly independent Finland in the 1920s and 1930s was, in principle, a nation state in which ethnic Finns had an undisputed leading position. Nevertheless, there was a lively debate about the status that would be given to other nationalities in various spheres of social life. The Swedes were the country’s main national minority (accounting for 10 per cent of the total population), and they were granted extensive minority rights. Another locally significant minority were the Sámi who lived in northern Lapland. This paper analyses the extent to which the majority population was willing to meet the wishes of the Sámi. Some Finns were in favour of the Sámi being acculturated as quickly as possible, but a few activists would have liked to grant the Sámi broad autonomy. Several ministries and government agencies investigated the matter thoroughly, but the result was negative for the Sámi.

The textures of touch: A study of a sensory journey into creativity, fashion, and entrepreneurship

Author(s): Maja Petrović-Šteger / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2021

The article enquires into the entrepreneurial, creative, and more broadly semiological practices that underwrite the work of a ‘critical fashion’ producer in contemporary Slovenia. The detailed ethnography describes the entrepreneurial ambitions, values, and presumed virtues of a couturier, exploring how she conducts her life and business as an expression, in some form, of her sensory and tactile experiences. Nati, an activist for and promoter of ‘responsible’, ‘conscious’, and sustainable fashion, understands her work as sensitising her clients (and industry) to the dangers of (over)consumption. The study’s analysis reflects on what happens when an artistic and commercial producer sensorially addresses her customers in ecologically uncertain and socially distanced times. A central claim of the article is that an anthropological analysis of a set of business ethics and creative practices may become more textured and productive when an ethnographer refrains from immediate judgments of their authenticity or provenance. Instead, an analytic focus on how ethical and creative claims emerge and grow together and how they are spoken of lived, and felt, may reveal more about a human situation. This gives us a chance to think about how sensory modes of address – when used by interlocutors and among anthropologists – enable (and disable) practices and experiences of mutuality and proximity in life, both in the field and in analysing ethnographic material.

Social Media Using in Region for Communication with Its Customers

Author(s): Renáta Bundziková,Denisa Jánošová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The function of regional marketing is based on knowledge, which informs us about what product it can offer, what opportunities are there, which is one of its strengths and weaknesses. Regional marketing and its success is based on findings from continual monitoring and evaluation of quality of the state of region also through social networks. Internet and new technologies have been able to activate markets, but also to connect humans internationally. Today, we are witnessing new opportunities that are almost always available. Social media causes interaction and communication between users. Social networks are the best known subset of social media. We can observe different content variations, sharing of them, up to the comments of the users. Social networks have become an integral part of communication for ordinary users as well as for cities or regions. For regions, using social media is an advantage in form of their own statements on the issues addressed. Today, the information that the region publishes through social networks reaches the customer immediately. This ensures high level of information for their users as well as the dissemination of this information. The aim of this paper is to bring knowledge that reflects social media types used for communication with customers in a selected Slovak region.

Application of Solomo Marketing in the Presentation of Eco-Innovations in Selected Business Entity

Author(s): Monika Rezníčková / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Trends in marketing communication will move even further into the online world. For businesses, this means the need to properly coordinate offline activities with digital ones. The world of the Internet opens up many unexplored possibilities, creating space for creativity. Such marketing communication is also suitable for the presentation of eco-innovations in order to strengthen environmental awareness. The presented scientific contribution briefly characterizes the concept of SoLoMo marketing concept in relation to current global statistics. Digital media platforms significantly support the interactive communication of a business entity with the customer – whether current or potential, which is happening through mobile devices that support embedded geolocation services. A specific example of the use of this concept can be found in the third chapter of this paper – it is a mobile application of IKEA, which uses augmented reality. The main goal of the contribution is to point out and approach the application of the SoLoMo marketing concept in a selected business entity, to characterize an example of good practice.

The Limits of Content Marketing and Native Advertising in the Context of Environmental Behaviour

Author(s): Martin Vanko,Anna Zaušková / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Any creation of the content to be published within marketing communication should be a main pillar of the communication strategy stimulating interest and interactivity in the target audience. Despite the fact that content marketing or native advertising were described as mainstream back in 2018 or as an ordinary element of marketing communication in 2019 – still in 2020 we are observing insufficient awareness of businesses regarding various marketing forms, hence the possibilities how they would attract their potential customers more effectively and in a broader context. The authors of this paper are presenting the results of their marketing research focusing on the rate of use of content marketing and native advertising by businesses in order to name or identify present limits of these digital marketing tools.

Editors' Introduction

Author(s): Agnieszka Stępińska,Márton Demeter / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2021

Free access to information of public importance in theory and practice in the Republic of Serbia

Author(s): Radojica S. Lazić,Jelena P. Dragić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 4/2021

The right of access to information of public importance is undoubtedly one of the key principles on which democratic societies are founded, but the fact that this right has only recently been recognized as a universal human right speaks about the reluctance of countries and governments to accept the right of access to information. The right of access to information of public importance contributes to consistent respect of human rights and freedoms, decreases the risk from corruption and unethical behavior and has a direct impact on transparency and responsibility in work, but this right must not be a right without limitations, i.e. it must not become unlimited, regardless of how much it proclaims democratic values. Freedom of public information is a derived human right, and includes the right to true, timely and objective information, as well as the right to publicly criticize and ask for an explanation of public activities and acts of authorities and other public actors. This paper, based on valid legal regulations, discusses functioning of the right of free access to information of public importance, with a special overview of security services as the most secret part of the state apparatus of authority.