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Tracking the terms „populism“ and „the people“ from the 19th century, Marco D’Eramo offers a striking new interpretation of their current applications—the first levelled indiscriminately at any political force that steps outside the bounds of convention, the second banished from the scene.
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The project of transition as „catching up” with the West implied the acceptance of a symbolic hierarchy according to which Eastern European societies are qualitatively inferior to Western ones. Locally, the acceptance of this frame of modernization ideology, which legitimizes global hierarchies by making reference to internal qualities of individual societies, is manifested in various mutations. Through showing Hungarian examples, the article traces such effects of symbolic subordination at the levels of macrostructural integration, local political struggles, and everyday struggles of symbolic identification.
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“The Society of the Future” as a futuristic project is a powerful source of modern management. The necessity of the new management for the society of the future is a paramount task for any country. In this article, we focus our attention on Ukraine. After the Revolution of Dignity, our country shows good dynamics of changes in the public sphere. However, these changes are hampered by old and ineffective management practices at the middle-level and lower-level of managers. Why is this happening? What strategies should be employed to remedy the situation? What are the new trends in training of civil servants in Ukraine? Research demonstrates that for various reasons a significant part of civil servants does not engage in the systematic development of their professional resource that is based on creativity. At the same time, a high level of tension existing in professional activity, specific difficulties in the public service system cause problems in the personal and professional development of civil servants, thus complicating the process of revealing this potential and, accordingly, obtaining the highest level of competence through the implementation of professional activities. This requires the establishment of an independent system evaluation of the managerial staff, based on personal merit and competence, in particular the development of competency profiles for senior managers in the Public Service system, as well as tools for evaluating candidates for management positions; the establishment of a network of independent evaluation centers for candidates for management positions.
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Recognition that societies will not be able to build a future as long as they do not face the ‘demons of the past’ has become a kind of universal truth over the last decades of the 20th Century (Gibney et al., 2008, p. 1). This view, though challenging and ambiguous, is reflected in the globally present attempts to improve or rebuild relations within and between different communities at the domestic and international level. The question concerning, on the one hand, the essence and most essential elements and, on the other hand, the instruments and the limitations of rebuilding relations, as well as the political implications of those processes have become the broad area of interest and the discourse leading to significantly different ideas and solutions. The article aims at presenting different approaches referring to dealing with the conflicted and traumatized past both at the domestic and international level. Some selected instruments and methods which enable movement from a divided past towards a common future are discussed namely the strategy of engagement with the past versus the strategy of avoidance of the past. The special attention is paid to the notion of reconciliation understood as a process of rebuilding of relations through the multi-dimensional transformation of former adversaries after the period of violence and repression.
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The subject of the article is the politicalness and involvement of Polish contemporary poetry after 1989. Although the works quoted in this text were created after 2000, the systemic transformations that began in 1989 shaped — according to the author — the current poetic market in a way that determines the creativity arising within its framework. The aim of the text is to analyze the politicization of the contemporary Polish poetry on three levels, which are determined by the following questions: (1) how have political changes and the expansion of the free market in Poland influenced the style of poetry? (2) what socio-political threads appear in contemporary poetry? (3) what is the impact of politics on the publishing market in Poland and the awarding of literary prizes? The author tries to answer these questions by analyzing the content of selected poetic works, as well as the discourse taking place in the literary milieu.
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Latin America, the development of the ongoing integration process has taken a quantitative, rather than a qualitative direction. Instead of a deepening integration organization, ten integration projects exist in a parallel way: the Andean Community of Nations, Mercosur, ALBA, UNASUR and some further organizations. On one side, it has been the controversies between United States and Hugo Chávez’s Venezuela that has multiplied the integration organizations, however, the main reasons of the wrecking of the integration process(es) have rather been of structural character. Among these, the low level of economic complementarity, the peculiarities of Latin American presidential regimes, the historical interstate political tensions, the lack of physical infrastructure and the lack of social integration are to be mentioned. The present essay has three objectives. First, it gives an historical overview of the formation of Latin American integration organizations. Second, it analyses the aforementioned structural obstacles. Third, it gives an outlook on the circumstances that may shape the future of Latin American integration.
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The paper represents theoretical investigation into the phenomenon of decline of the state. It addresses three basic and mutually connected investigation areas, introduced in deconstruction of the state, decline of the state and alternative of the state. Primarily, theories of the origin of the state are exposed, where the state’s essence is located; its function – identified and the role it has been playing – observed. In following, the decline represented as a process of transfer – with the state as its main subject, is interpreted through different prisms, particularly the one of federalism, postmodernism, decentralization and libertarianism. The specific focus is laid on the process of decline of the state, following the libertarian theoretical framework. The process is determined by the decrease of the state’s functions, occurring in certain period of time. Accordingly, the process is analyzed and divided into four phases, each of them identified with a certain type of state, with an exception. Ultimately, the alternative of the state is emerging as last phase and final outcome of the process of decline of the state, while introducing a new era, the one of no politics.
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The growth of scientific knowledge should be investigated from the perspective of the philosophy of science and not merely from the perspective of the concrete results, registered by the history of science. From this hypothesis, the paper identifies key ideas and arguments (selected mainly from Thomas Kuhn and Karl Popper) for a more accurate description and understanding of the growth of scientific knowledge starting from a distinction of the perspectives brought about by philosophy of science and, respectively, by history of science in what concerns the growth of scientific knowledge. The role of theory and practice in the growth of knowledge is also evaluated. Implicitly, this distinction involves also a distinction of the abstract, conceptual and qualitative aspects, different from the quantitative ones, (intuitively) associated with the specific of scientific knowledge and with that of the growth of scientific knowledge.
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The article analyzes the contribution of Nikolai Berdyaev to the disclose human dimension of politics. Special attention is given to the justification of the antinomy between the individual and society, as well as the analysis of the fundamental contradictions that characterize the historical existence of man. Originality of political and philosophical ideas of Berdyaev is derived from its particular attention to the human content of social phenomena to their religious and moral evaluation.
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In the following article different problems of the biopolitics are investigated. The biopolitics is a power which decides on the questions of life and death. The biotechnologies and their development, the solving of questions in which cases and under what conditions they to be used set up new and new biopolitical questions. The J. Habermas position on the role of the biotechnologies in solving the questions of life and death is presented and analysed.
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The paper discusses Vladimir Solovyov’s views of objective ethics and the need for its implementation in our lives. It also monitors the impact he had on the next Russian thinkers and in particular on Nikolai Berdyaev.
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Heidegger’s name is often brought up in connection to Arendt’s The Human Condition (1958), since his thought had a pervasive influence on Arendt’s work. Although Heidegger is not mentioned in The Human Condition, Arendt herself claims in her letter that her work “grew right out of the first days in Marburg and so is in all respects indebted to” him. Accordingly, this article is an attempt to search for the roots of Arendt’s philosophical views in her magnum opus. Based upon close reading of Heidegger’s texts, this article argues that Heidegger’s later philosophy has impacted on Arendt’s ontology and her understanding of modern society in The Human Condition. My plan is as follows: first, to note Arendt’s relationship to Western tradition of political philosophy; second, to discuss Arendtian notions of political action and public realm; and third to study her conception of modernity.
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Many of the world's conflicts today are self-sustaining and ongoing, making the application of transitional justice measures difficult. Particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, namely Georgia and Ukraine, both of which have experienced regime changes in the twenty-first century and implemented lustration and vetting measures - the question of whether or not transitional justice will be successfully utilized is very much still under debate. My research explores the relationship between lustration and vetting policies and corruption in Ukraine and Georgia. Past studies of corruption in these countries have focused the extent of state exploitation of the forms through which corruption is expressed such as political appointments, and protection from prosecution. This research, by contrast, aims to study the relationship that corruption has with the particular transitional justice measure of lustration and vetting.
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The article presents a methodological proposal for the study of journalistic ethics during the 2019 Romanian presidential campaign. In order to do so, the article discusses the most relevant ethical provisions, enshrined in the Ethical Code, that were adopted in 2009 by the majority of the Romanian media outlets. The methodological challenges are presented and assessed, along with potential solutions that could mitigate the risks of errors of the assessment.
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The new media have shaped the public sphere in several ways. Not only online did political discourse and political marketing change in form and content, but also the places and the ways of communication have changed. One channel, that experienced the most drastic and dynamic changes is the online environment. Social networking sites have combined a multitude of functions and offer users an interactive experience, to get access to all kinds of information, including public sphere, political sphere and traditional media. In the context of recent election results and political events in different European countries, this work tries to examine the way social media is used by right-wing populists in order to promote political ideas and values. Therefore, a data set of around 16,000 Facebook posts from Germany, Austria, France and the United Kingdom were analyzed and compared, in order to present. It furthermore examines the form and type of content used, in order to determine, whether right-wing populists in Europe share a similar agenda, similar strategies and a common narrative, when it comes to topics.
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Author Ion Brad lived most of his life under the Communist regime, starting his career when the Communist system was founded in Romania and retiring in 1989, when the totalitarian system was abolished. This present study aims at analyzing the articles which author and journalist Ion Brad had published for one of the most prominent newspapers during the Communist regime in Romania, in the '60s, Scânteia tineretului. Directed especially at young people but not only, the newspaper reveals the various practices of the Communist state to impose on the collective minds. We have chosen this particular publication and this period of time in Ion Brad's activity because this is when, in our opinion, he did the most intense work in the political journalism. As an author, he wrote hundreds of articles and tens of books in the cultural field. This study can also be helpful for further research on the political issues approached in Scânteia tineretului or even on economic issues, in which one can analyze the reports about the construction of various towns in Romania under the Communist regime.
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The following article is based on a keynote speech on Diaspora and Identity in the digital age. Cultural Communities and the Nation delivered at Media Culture Days at the College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, on May 17, 2019
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In 2017 Germany has had the presidency of the G20 and organised the annual summit between the 7th to the 8th of July. The chosen location for this event was Hamburg, and it was disputed because of the high difficulties to secure the city accordingly to the security requirements. Police from all around Germany were positioned in Hamburg for the days of the summit to protect the city from the rioters. The first protests that took place were rather peaceful and without major crimes, however starting with the „Welcome to Hell“ demonstration on Thursday, the 6th of July, rioters began throwing glass bottles, burning down cars and aggressing the police. But this is only one side of the truth. Peaceful protestors were also aggressed by the police . In this article we intend to analyse if the ethical reporting standards were respected by the German media, in their coverage of the G20 summit protests.
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Space is the basic concept of geographical analysis, and the spatial relations established between the different elements of the environment are those that structure the planable territory. On a temporal scale, the European space was shaped by a variety of vectors, which ultimately sought to make the use of the geographical landscape more efficient, implicitly by increasing accessibility between expanding cities, between supply and demand. Accessibility is the main "product" of a transport system. This determines the advantage of positioning one region over the others (including itself). Accessibility indicators can be defined to reflect, within or outside the region, the transport infrastructure affecting the region. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are used as scientific and methodological tools for measuring accessibility, monitoring the resulting indicators, identifying spatial disparities and finally finding solutions to support territorial planning.
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