Exil a krajané v Národním archivu – několik slov k výjimečné publikaci
Review of: Machková, Zora: Český exil, emigrace a krajané: přehled archivních pramenů z let 1939–2014 uložených v Národním archivu, Národní archiv. Praha 2015, 243 s.
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Review of: Machková, Zora: Český exil, emigrace a krajané: přehled archivních pramenů z let 1939–2014 uložených v Národním archivu, Národní archiv. Praha 2015, 243 s.
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The study emphasizes the importance of archival documents, accessible historical literature and other historical sources, pertaining to oft en overlooked Czech garden architectural production from the end of 19th and first half of 20th century, for demanding garden and public parks renovations. The introduction is dedicated to the identification and classification of plan documentation from important garden architects, which represents part of their personal papers. The rest of the article focuses on actual personal papers from the followed period that are always to be complemented with the study of archival material in the institution archives in the Czech Republic.
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Report on Conference "Archival Cooperation and Community Building in the Digital Age" held at Teresian Hall of the Břevnov Monastery from 27th to 29th of April 2015
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V některých archivních příručkách a teoretických studiích je spojován vznik archivistiky jako vědecké disciplíny s uznáním provenienčního principu jako univerzálního teoretického principu oboru. Provenienční princip byl poprvé formulován na konci 19. a počátku 20. století v Dánsku, Francii a Německu jako praktický návod pro roztřídění archiválií dle svých původců a jejich převzetí do ústředních národních nebo státních archivů. Od vydání slavné holandské příručky1 byl povýšen na všeobecný teoretický princip oboru, ačkoli tato příručka sama pojmy „vědecká teorie“ nebo „provenienční princip“ nepoužívala. Tato publikace ale vzbudila díky překladům do cizích jazyků mimořádnou pozornost a mezinárodní společnost archivářů přijala provenienční princip jako základ svého oboru, který byl odvozen z definice archivního fondu a z úvodu k jeho pořádání jako výsledek starších archivněteoretických diskusí ve Francii a Prusku.
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Author in detail describes the history a content analysis of important and valuable archives of Premonstratensian monastery in Teplá in West Bohemia and its individual parts.
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One of the most difficult problems faced by socialist Yugoslavia was the activities of Yugoslav émigrés in the West. After World War II, organizations of émigrés fought against the Yugoslav regime in different ways. They organized propaganda campaigns, lobbying, demonstrations, but also terrorist attacks on Yugoslav interests in Yugoslavia and abroad. Prior to his escape to the FR Germany in 1982, Stjepan Đureković was one of the directors of the Croatian oil concern INA. In the FR Germany, Đureković connected with Croatian émigrés and published books in which he fiercely criticized the Yugoslav regime. He was killed in July 1983 in Wolfratshausen, not far from Munich. Considering Đureković's political backgroung, the Western press, especially the West German media, paid great attention to his assassination in the summer of 1983. Most of the West German media made assumptions about the involvement of the Yugoslav secret police (State Security Service/Služba državne bezbednosti) in the assassination of Đureković and many other Croatian political émigrés in West Germany, thus damaging the image that the Yugoslav regime was persistently creating for itself. The largest part of the research is based on the analysis of documents from the Diplomatic Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Serbia.
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Analysis of the content and the fate of charter edited by Dietrich, bishop of Lavanta, designed to his head, Friedrich, archbishop of Salzburg, about the dispute over the wearing of robes in augustinian monastery in Kirchberg am Wechsel in Austria. Part of this article is also critical edition of the document.
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Review of: Gregorovičová, Eva: Kapitoly z dějin Rodinného archivu toskánských Habsburků, Národní archiv. Praha 2013, 432 s.
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Název tohoto příspěvku je záměrně uvozen slovem spolupráce. Ta je totiž pro přístup Národního archivu k soukromoprávním původcům určující. Plně vystihuje podstatu toho, na čem je naše práce s těmito původci postavena. Nejde a nemůže jít o čistě direktivní přístup státní instituce, ale o součinnost, v níž jsou obě zúčastněné strany rovnoprávnými partnery. V ideálním případě si oba partneři uvědomují společný zájem na uchování té části Národního archivního dědictví, jež vzniká působením původce či jeho předchůdce. To, že vzniká vztah spolupráce, vychází do značné míry z archivní legislativy, ale vyplývá to rovněž ze zkušeností, forem a metod práce, které vůči soukromoprávním původcům Národní archiv uplatňuje.
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Pamětníci odcházejí a s nimi i duch a zvyklosti z doby více než před 40 lety. A někdy je dobré si připomenout i lidský rozměr, který provázel ryze pracovní povinnost, profesní vystupování při kontrolních návštěvách spisoven, schvalování skartačních návrhů či metodických instruktážích a poradách u původců archivních fondů v rámci dnes běžně užívaného termínu předarchivní péče.
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The article analyzes history of the Postal Museum in Prague in 1939–1970 and follows previous article from 2008. The author notes above all changes in the concept of museum as an instrument of Nazi propaganda during the occupation, its closing in 1944, its reduced restoration in 1945 focusing exclusively on philately and a new period in 1960s, when the museum was restored as a scientific center for postal history.
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Review of: Irena Malá, Ludmila Kubátová: POCHODY SMRTI. (Die Todesmärsche.) Nakladatelství politické literatury, Praha, 1965. 324 S., 28 Abb., 37 Karten.
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Quand a été fonde, au cours de l’occupation nazie de la Tchécoslovaquie, le soi disant „Jüdisches Zentralmuseum“, l’ordre a été donné aux communautés juives du soi-disant Protectorat de concentrer tous les registres de naisances juifs dans un Registre juif central. Ainsi ont été pour toujours diviseés les fonds d’archives des communautés juives, comme cela a été le cas en Allemange nazie. Les registres, en tant qu’on a pu savoir, ont été détruits à la fin de guerre. Mais une partie en avaient été tenus en double, et ces copies ont été retrouvées aux archives du ministère de linteriur, et remises, après 1945, au comité national de Prague 1er, où elles sont déposés jusqu’à nos jours.
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The author describes ten illuminated and illustrated manuscripts from the collections of the State Jewish Museum. The manuscript dating from the 18th century were made out either by scribes belonging to the Moravian penman school or under its direct influence.
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Analytical registers to the catalogue of archive materials from Jewish Communities with the exception of that of Prague, drawn by K. Dolista and J. Šmolka
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The digitalization – as a product of the information era – is especially useful for archiving and preserving – not only of the older issues like the printed editions dating back to the 19th century and earlier, even of the manual handwritings that date back into the Middle Ages – but as well of the exhausted editions that can’t be found on sale anymore. Digital libraries are necessary within any scientific research and inquiries – not only of the natural and social sciences but also of the ethnic and folklore materials – especially of those dating back to the Romantic era – because of the actual sensitivity of those editions, being very old and in a bad condition for their physical use. Of course, digitalization doesn’t only relate to the diachronic aspects of these editions (accessibility to the older materials), but it also relates to the synchronic aspects of the editions. Namely, those numerous digital networks, databases, web pages, e-magazines, and net portals – bring much broader visibility of and accessibility to materials related and/or considering contemporary scientific researches on those folklore materials. One of the examples of this is the digital editions of the literary mystification Veda Slovena (Веда Словена) and of the contemporary translation of the anonymous medieval English poem Sir Orpheo (Сер Орфео): without these digital (digitalized) editions of those significant poems – we could easily be unable or in any position to literary compare & analyze the specific signifying links and similarities between them.
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KARMA, founded in Trabzon (Türkiye) in 2011, brings together audio-visual archival materials from the Black Sea hinterland. The goal of this article is to promote the epistemological and institutional background and actions of KARMA with its short history, objectives, and current applications for digital preservation. In this context, we will present how KARMA adapts Latour’s actor-network theory, Deleuze and Guattari’s rhizome, and Akat's focus strategy model. We will also stress the importance of both micro and macro perspectives in order to understand the music cultures of the region through historical collections and new connections.
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Institute of Musicology of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts in Belgrade possesses a comprehensive collection of manuscripts, copies and rare editions of Serbian music. The collection also contains textual documents, photographs and objects important for the national musical history. This study presents a history, review of the content and structure of the Institute’s Archive. Attention is focused on the most important documents in the Collection, also on the structure of users. Finally, author speaks about the actual problems in the Institute’s Archive.
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Over the last several years, we have witnessed an increase in the popularity of oral history among community archives. Accounts are recorded not only by researchers and members of science institutions, as more and more grassroots initiatives (including community archives) start their activity by collecting oral history recordings. Oral history is also present in museums and cultural institutions (libraries, community centres); recordings are made for instance by the Białystok Cultural Centre/Ludwik Zamenhof Centre or Biblioteka Publiczna im. Marii Konopnickiej (the Maria Konopnicka Public Library) in Suwałki. This results from the general availability of recording equipment, but also of grants for documenting the history of a given community, location, profession or group. This trend inevitably invites the question of how these recordings are made, but also what happens to them next with respect to archiving, editing and publication. It should be mentioned here that thus far, in spite of discussions across various institutions (including the Polish Oral History Association), no unified set of rules has been established concerning the publication or editing of oral history recordings.
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