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A GIS Approach Regarding Tourism Suitability of Wetland Areas of Romania
Tourism suitability refers to a certain touristic potential development regarding an area; considering the natural environment resources; the existing infrastructure and the number of tourists that visit the area for a certain amount of time. Tourism suitability also indicates how tourism resources can be exploited in a given area. To determine tourism suitability of the wetlands a set of spatial and statistical data with various sources were used. In the purpose of creating a set of maps that can reflect the level of tourism suitability; there were used spatial and statistical data for every locality that has a wetland nearby; data such as: localities and wetland placement; transportation network; bird; fish and amphibian species distribution; accommodation; inhabitants; tourists. The results of the analysis offered a series of indicators for tourism activities such as wetland suitability per locality.
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The Recent Evolution of the Prut River Channel in the Territorial Administrative Unit of Prisăcani Commune - Iaşi County
Representing a direct response of hydrologic, hydrogeologic, geomorphologic, and anthropic factors, the dynamic of river channels has a useful scientific and practical importance, especially for the regions where the rivers play the role of state border. This article presents a detailed analysis of the dynamic of the Prut River channel for the last 125 years, concerning a 26 km sector of the river, which correspond to Prisacani territorial (local) administrative unit (LAU 2nd order), Iaşi County. This segment can be considered as a representative natural border between Romania and Republic of Moldavia along the middle Prut River course, downstream the Stânca-Costeşti anthropic lake. The work consisted in digitization of a large series topographic maps (1893-1894 edition at 1:50,000 scale, 1940 edition at 1:20,000 scale, the 1949, 1960 and 1985 editions at 1:25,000 scale), various remote sensing images: LANDSAT images for the 1990 and 2000 decades, SENTINEL 1A and 2A images for the year 2015 and 2016, LiDAR DEM (acquired in 2012), and Google Earth® high resolution optical satellite images collection. For the last two years, the channel dynamic was validated and completed using GPS measurements.
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Tracking Vertical Movements of the Surface Associated to a Closed Mine
The paper aims to monitor through topographic, planimetric and leveling measurements, the soil stability and to track the constructions within the influence perimeter of Victoria salt mine, in order to protect the surface and objectives in the area.The study proposes monitoring by topographic, planimetric and leveling measurements on new longitudinal and transverse landmark alignments so the monitoring encompasses the entire field of influence of Victoria salt mine.
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The Monitoring Process of a Volcanic Deformation
The aim of the paper is to describe the monitoring process used when we aim to realize the monitoring process for a volcanic deformation considering several approaches. The described process is complex because it combines the unpredictable nature of the volcano, infinitely higher than of a land or structures, with the process of tracking the deformations which is mainly based on measurements performed in the study area and right next to it in many stages. The process is more difficult to be realized because in the volcanoes case it is impossible to be done without appropriate equipment.
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Considerations Regarding the Stability of Landmarks and Topographic Marks Placed in a Field of Salt Probes
The purpose of tracking in time the buildings in a field of salt probes is to obtain information in order to ensure the stability of the buildings, an assessment of environmental conditions to prevent various natural accidents, prevention by reducing the damage or to prevent the loss of lives and environmental degradation. Based on topographic measurements made on the topographic marks placed on land or on the topographic marks placed in the foundations of buildings, are determined the deformations and displacements that occur in the area of influence of salt extraction and the displacement directions of the marks (vertical displacements).
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Geographic Information System for Noise Pollution in Relation with Buildings Classification
Geographic Information System database for noise pollution have to contain all the elements required in order to combine the field of transportation with those of phonic pollution and land measurement. The information provided by the GIS and the one obtained using the modeling software, determine more efficient monitoring and more accurate assessment of the noise impact on the environment and human health.This paper presents the way of improving the database with new elements by classifying the buildings and handling the noise maps. These new elements are necessary to achieve optimal action plans at the lowest cost.
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Soil Erosion Estimation for Secaşelor Plateau, Romania, Using the E30 Model and Landsat Imagery
At present, increasingly large areas are affected by surface and deep erosion as well as landslides. In this paper we will estimate soil erosion in the case of Secaşelor Plateau using the E30 model and Landsat imagery for the period 1986–2011. As a result of applying the E30 model we were able to draw soil erosion maps reclassified into the following erosion classes: absence, low, moderate, high and extreme. The results show that low soil erosion increased by 18.79% in the analyzed period, while for the moderate class the increase was of 1.3% for the period 1986-1994, after which, in the interval 1994-2011, it decreased by 4.54%. In the high erosion class the surface decreased by 15.5%, and in the extreme erosion class by 1.89%. Soil erosion in Secaşelor Plateau was triggered and maintained by both anthropogenic and climatic causes.
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Subsidization – An Important Factor in Agriculture Development
The interest in agriculture has been and will be one of the main objectives of the whole society, given the increasing global population, scarce natural resources, complicated and unstable climate conditions (drought, floods and other natural disasters). At present Moldova’s agriculture is looking for the most efficient ways of development. Under such conditions, the development and implementation of stimulating measures to support this sector are inevitable. Any country, regardless of its economic development, uses a subsidization system meeting its social and economic needs. This practice is confirmed by the policy pursued by all European Union (EU) in this direction.
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Research of Morphological Processes into the Moldova Riverbed using Periodic Topographic Measurements
The floods occurred on Moldova River, during 2004-2015 changed the minor bed in Soci area. In this area it is embedded the undergoing Timișești-Iași adduction pipe. The undergoing section morphological changes have influenced the vertical and horizontal minor bed stability. Morphological changes were monitored by topographical surveys. The leveling surveys of research area were updated after each flood. There were made cross section and longitudinal section of the riverbed in the research area. By processing the topographical series of surveys it result the riverbed changes under the action floods. The longitudinal and cross sections indicated the riverbed hydrodynamic erosion parameters. The data collected and processed allowed the design of the breastwork in the area where the headrace ducts under-cross the river.
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Evaluation of Ecological Potential of Barrier Lakes on Phytoplankton and Phytobenthos as Required by the Water Directive 2000/60/EC
The principle on which biological analysis is based in order to assess water quality is that throughout organisms evolution, they have adapted to particular environmental conditions. Biological quality elements used to evaluate the ecological potential of barrier lakes are phytoplankton and phytobenthos. The evaluation of the ecological potential in terms of biological elements is obtained by applying the "worst element" principle. The worst potential given by biological elements is the "moderate” potential. During the analysis of the quality state of barrier lakes in the Prut-Bârlad basin, based on biological elements, it was observed a favorable trend in terms of water quality. So if in 2012 there were 4 barrier lakes (with good ecological potential) reaching the environmental objective, in 2014 their number increased to 15 (4 barrier lakes with maximum potential , and 11 with good potential).
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Integrated Management in Development of the Cadaster Works for a Sustainable Real Estate Market
Integrated management for surveying and cadastre implies a standard and regulations, regarding the settlement of activities and stages completed by a specialists to develop there work. The aim of this paper involves facilitating the development of the works in the field of terrestrial measurements, by identifying the requirements for development, feasibility and cost by establishing the real value and the quantities of the works. The value of a cadaster work provides a detailed list of resource consumption, list of equipment, technologies used and processing programs, as well as the base unit prices specific to each type of work.Establishing, modifying and modernizing the cadastral laws should be our preoccupation, of all engineers, that solve the problems which occurs in this area. Within this work we included a systematic cadastral study, with all stages, that an engineer is compelled to respect in order to obtain land registers. After that we created a program that calculates all costs, starting after signing the contract till handing the work to Cadastre and Land Registration Office.
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Intelligent Transportation and Telematics
Artificial intelligence (AI) has now become a reality and, in many areas, it is already used, being very secure. Communication with a car now has a variety of different functions, most of which use the cloud. Without data, it's nothing. Vehicle telematics has evolved and allows for a wider range of capabilities including navigation, tracking driver behavior, E-key calling and guidance on efficiency fuel consumption. Opportunity and challenges regarding the development of Intelligent Transport Systems, from the perspective of potential users, require data that must be transformed into accessible information, so that road users can adapt their driving behavior according to weather conditions, traffic jam information and estimates waiting time but also other information to increase the general traffic safety. Information stored on the vehicle's computer or, more likely, on the manufacturer's or service provider's servers, will be transferred from one vehicle to another, as long as the technology is compatible when a user switches their car.
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Application of UAV Technology (Drones) in Forest Cadastre
In the 21st century, technologies are not on the spot, as in all areas in cadastral activity, classical equipment is substituted by computer technologies equipped with different types of sensors that simplify the acquisition of field data and obtain Maps and cadastral plans.This article reflects the advantages of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in forest cadastral surveying. The advantage of UAV systems lies in their high flexibility and efficiency in capturing the surface of an area from a low flight altitude. In addition, further information such as orthoimages, elevation models and 3D objects can easily be gained from UAV images. The benefits of using UAVs in forest cadastral surveying and the new opportunities they offer for cadastral activity are impressive. Using photogrammetric materials obtained during flight with drone on Forest massif, CAD and GIS software develops extremely precise relief patterns. Elaboration of digital Orthophotoplans with high orientation accuracy, for the studied forestry area, using the materials obtained during the UAV survey, together with the resources of geographic information systems, allow the formation Structured information layers that can be overlapped. One of such layers overlapped an Orthophotoplan digital is the layer with cadastral boundaries. The results of this work are useful in the inventory of forest land, in land research, in clarifying land boundaries.
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The referendum carried out in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland for leaving the European Union (EU) revealed the existence of Euro-skepticism and the dilemmas concerning their own future. This paper discusses the development of European integrations and the conflicts arising from existence of varied approaches to the current issues. This paper particularly emphasizes the interest of the United Kingdom (UK) on focusing on its own sustainability and the values acquired by applying the capacities of knowledge management. Aided by the Geographic Information Systems (GIS), this paper gives an in-depth and thorough analysis of the crucial features of the UK and the EU following the referendum outcome. Application of GIS makes it possible to reach better decisions, but GIS are also means that allows gathering, storing, analyzing and presenting these spatial data. Intentions and pursuit to reach a state of self sustainability cannot be accomplished unless there is appropriate climate and culture that ensures creation and implementation of knowledge, accompanied by permanent improvements of the applicable knowledge and its usage in new and better products and services.
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Topo-Cadastral Works for the Modernization of Forest Roads in Avram Iancu Commune in Order to Increase the Economy and Investments in the Region
For the modernization of Avram Iancu commune, it is proposed to access the European funds by the commune City Hall, for the introduction of urban networks, rehabilitation of adjacent roads, as well as restoration of tourist attractions existing in the area. The need to carry out road modernization works resulted from the fact that the road network has a special importance because it facilitates the mobility of the population, raw materials and finished products.The present paper presents the succession of topo-cadastral works performed in order to prepare the cadastral documentation which represented the basis for the modernization works of the forest roads in Avram Iancu commune.The realization of this project was necessary for the capitalization of a tourist area, in order to increase the economy and investments in the region.
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Application of UAVs in Education and Research
The paper deals with the application possibilities of UAVs ((Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) in education and in research activities carried out in university level. We can find several software applications for mission planning and execution of flight plans for UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) on the market. Some of them are fully free or very cheap, and they are suitable for teaching purposes. Choosing an appropriate evaluation software is also an important issue in education and team research processes. A series of experiments showed us, that the UAS (Unmanned Aerial System) technology is a good tool for deepening the knowledge in photogrammetric evaluation techniques and algorithms.
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Possibilities for Real-Time Monitoring of COVID-19 Pandemics
Pandemics have been a real challenge for all humanity since time immemorial, leading to the finding of scientific and medical solutions for long-term monitoring, the development of solutions for pharmaceuticals and equipment specialized in their treatment and healing, but also in the storage of information in the form of spatial data sets necessary for the analysis and study of the phenomenon of their transmission on the entire globe.The contemporary world is currently facing the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is, from our point of view, probably one of the greatest disasters caused by human intelligence from World War II to the present day.This paper aims to reproduce and, why not, to propose at the international level the realization of a unique global real-time monitoring system of pandemics through geodetic sciences, using in this sense the technology based on GNSS systems for real-time monitoring of individuals invested with a certain type of virus, using technical equipment that includes systems that allow the use of GNSS technology who, through the interconnection between them and a digital database created in the GIS environment based on metadata, individuals invested and suspects can be monitored by existing specialized institutions at international, national and local levels, which can transmit useful information to each other in the fight against the pandemic created by COVID-19.
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Analyzing the Sprawl of Built-up Areas Using Landsat Data and the Normalized Difference Built-up Index
The sprawl of built-up areas is one of the most important anthropic changes which lead to the development of cities. This study analyses the sprawl of built-up areas around the city of Brașov, Romania, on the basis of two Landsat satellite images acquired in 1985 and 2019. The analysis was based on satellite images obtained through the difference between the NDBI and NDVI indices calculated for each satellite image. The results show that in the period 1985–2019 built-up areas around Brașov and its surroundings increased considerably (24.6%). Furthermore, it was noted that, although the reflectance of built-up areas varies very little from one season to the next, it can be influenced indirectly by the presence in the studied area of agricultural land and barren land whose reflectance is seasonal. This phenomenon led to confusion among built-up, agricultural land and barren land in mapping built-up areas.
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The mapping data based on earlier archaeological surveys with the use of modern GIS technologies were presented. A database with archaeological data on the monuments typologically related to Karaultobe and settlement monuments of the early-medieval period of the Isfijab historical and cultural district was compiled. The data under study are mostly the results of explorations and surveys of monuments such as Karaultobe. The analysis was performed with the help of the ArcGIS mapping software. The geographical coordinates of each Karaultobe and the altitude map were used separately. The geographical points is a set of data obtained using GPS during the field research (archaeological explorations in particular). The altitude map is high-resolution radar data available on the US Geological Survey website. A digital map with data on the visibility of the chains of monuments and their functioning in the settlements of the region was created. The maps were created not only for publishing data in various formats and for navigation, but also for works that include displaying study analyses as a database. The aim of the project is to create a series of maps: the main map, where all objects are displayed, as well as a number of detailed maps of certain regions and maps with the results of the landscape analysis. In this paper, only some maps – small with simplified annotations – were used.
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