Analiza promjene uporabe zemljišta na primjeru Panonskih brda u Sloveniji

Author(s): Rok Ciglič,Jennifer Deriaz,Matija Zorn,Mateja Ferk,Dénes Lóczy / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 15/2019

In several Central European countries, land use changes can be analysed on the basis of the Franciscan Cadastre. The main aim of the paper was to analyse land use dynamics with the Franciscan Cadastre and modern land use data. The study was carried out by calculating land use structure and landscape metrics for a part of Slovenske Gorice region in Slovenia. The analysis showed that the forest area expanded, and fields and vineyards areas diminished. In general, today’s landscape is made of less patches, but they are larger and of more irregular shapes.

Analiza zjawiska autokorelacji przestrzennej cen transakcyjnych na rynku nieruchomości lokalowych

Author(s): Radosław Cellmer / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2012

One of the most important factors influencing price and its effect on the value of real estate is location, which can be considered on both global and local scales. The result is that prices in a given location should be similar and they should show spatial auto-correlation. This paper deals with the essence of spatial autocorrelation and introduces a methodology of measuring spatial dependences. The results of the research concern housing prices in the vicinity of Olsztyn. For research purposes, global and local Morans and Getis-Ord indexes were used along with an analysis of semi-variograms. In this way, both the spatial autocorrelation and spatial differentiation of dependencies between housing prices were determined.

Analiza zmian pokrycia terenu wokół autostrad za pomocą metod GIS

Author(s): Łukasz Lechowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

This article aims to develop a method of acquiring land cover changes data on the basis of high resolution orthophotography derived from Polish cartographic resources. The assessment of information sources was also examined in terms of its utility in such analysis. Simultaneously, using selected example, it was outlined, how the surrounding the A2 motorway area in the Stryków community had changed between the years 1996 and 2009. Some methods and tools applied in geoprocessing and spatial analyses were also presented. Many scientific publications describe data acquiring methods based on aerial photography and ortophotomaps that can be used in land cover and land use analyses. These methods may be divided into manual (visual), semi-automatic and automatic interpretation methods (e.g. raster, hybrid, object methods). In this survey the manual interpretation method was applied due to the input data accessibility e.g. ortophotomaps that were made only in the visible light spectrum with different tone colors and contrasts for each year (1996, 2004, 2009). This research involved following steps: (1) projecting of geodatabase structure, (2) visual interpretation of ortophotomaps in order to create land cover maps for 1996, 2004 and 2009, (3) delimitation of land cover changes, (4) survey results analysis with kernel density tool in order to present the density and direction of land cover changes in the neighbourhood of A2 motorway. The research indicated the straight majority of area surveyed in the years 1997–2009, was covered by gramineous vegetation and crops. However, the percentage of this class was decreasing systematically during those years. There was also remarkable increase for industrial and built-up areas. In the neighbourhood of A2 motorway in Stryków community, the growth of woodlands, wooded and shrubs area class was also noticed. For the building A2 motorway purposes there were created new gravel-pits and excavations of sand nearby the road. That is why for the area surveyed the percentage of greenfields was larger in 2009 than in 1996.

Analysis of Land Cover Changes Using Sentinel-1 Data. Case Study- Galati County, Romania

Analysis of Land Cover Changes Using Sentinel-1 Data. Case Study- Galati County, Romania

Author(s): Nicoleta Violeta Iurist,Florian Stătescu,Cazarina Georgiana Bartic,Valeria Ersilia Oniga / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

The study of land cover changes is very important to have proper planning and utilization of natural resources and their management. The aim of this paper is to classify the study area, for two different time periods and to analyses the change detection using free-of-charge Sentinel-1 data. For this case study, dual-polarization (VV+VH) Interferometric Wide swath mode (IW) data collected on August 16th 2017 and October 11st 2017, over South-Est of Romania, were used. Pre-processing and processing were conducted using ESA Sentinel-1 toolbox (S1TBX) in the Sentinel Application Platform provided by ESA. Data have been calibrated, terrain corrected, and classified using supervised classification. The training and test data have been collected from Sentinel- 2 images.

Analysis of the relationships between the spatial arrangement of palaeovalleys and contemporary valleys of Central Poland in the light of GIS methods

Author(s): Aleksander Szmidt / Language(s): English Issue: 15/2016

W artykule przedstawiono przykład zastosowania wybranych metod GIS w celu wykazania związków pomiędzy przebiegiem dolin kopalnych oraz współczesnych na obszarze Polski Środkowej. Analizowany obszar w warunkach lądowych kształtowany był już w paleogenie i neogenie, natomiast największy wpływ na obecną rzeźbę powierzchni odcisnęły procesy morfogenetyczne w czwartorzędzie. W opracowaniach paleogeograficznych dla analizowanego obszaru często wskazuje się na możliwe zależności pomiędzy wykształceniem rzeźby współczesnej a jej podłożem, w szczególności zaś sieci dolinnej. W celu weryfikacji tej hipotezy, na podstawie archiwalnych materiałów kartograficznych oraz Cyfrowego Modelu Wysokościowego rzeźby współczesnej, zaproponowano schemat przeprowadzenia analizy z wykorzystaniem zestawu ogólnodostępnych narzędzi GIS. Z wyników przeprowadzonej analizy można stwierdzić, że główne doli- ny rzeczne Polski Środkowej w dużej części nawiązują swoim przebiegiem do kopalnej sieci dolinnej, gdzie związki te najlepiej są widoczne w przypadku dolin największych.

Analyzing the Sprawl of Built-up Areas Using Landsat Data and the Normalized Difference Built-up Index

Analyzing the Sprawl of Built-up Areas Using Landsat Data and the Normalized Difference Built-up Index

Author(s): Iosif Vorovencii / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2020

The sprawl of built-up areas is one of the most important anthropic changes which lead to the development of cities. This study analyses the sprawl of built-up areas around the city of Brașov, Romania, on the basis of two Landsat satellite images acquired in 1985 and 2019. The analysis was based on satellite images obtained through the difference between the NDBI and NDVI indices calculated for each satellite image. The results show that in the period 1985–2019 built-up areas around Brașov and its surroundings increased considerably (24.6%). Furthermore, it was noted that, although the reflectance of built-up areas varies very little from one season to the next, it can be influenced indirectly by the presence in the studied area of agricultural land and barren land whose reflectance is seasonal. This phenomenon led to confusion among built-up, agricultural land and barren land in mapping built-up areas.

Aplikacja narzędzi GIS do tworzenia studialnych opracowań planistyczno-przestrzennych

Author(s): Marta Szylar,Katarzyna Cegielska,Anita Kukulska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

The Act of spatial planning, which is the foundation of spatial management in Poland, requires includingin the planning documents a number of terms, conditions and principles of space formation. All kind of spatia lplanning analysis is based on detailed inventory of actual land use. Analyses enabling inclusion of all the required elements are increasingly being implemented through Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This article aims to show the broad scope of possible integration of spatial planning and geoinformatics. The study presents legal requirements related to the preparation of basic planning documents, as well as a review of literature on the implementation of GIS tools in spatial planning. In addition, the paper presents also practical examples of the QGISsoftware application that could be useful for any kind of spatial or strategic documents preparation.

Application of UAV Technology (Drones) in Forest Cadastre

Application of UAV Technology (Drones) in Forest Cadastre

Author(s): Valeriu Seinic / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2019

In the 21st century, technologies are not on the spot, as in all areas in cadastral activity, classical equipment is substituted by computer technologies equipped with different types of sensors that simplify the acquisition of field data and obtain Maps and cadastral plans.This article reflects the advantages of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in forest cadastral surveying. The advantage of UAV systems lies in their high flexibility and efficiency in capturing the surface of an area from a low flight altitude. In addition, further information such as orthoimages, elevation models and 3D objects can easily be gained from UAV images. The benefits of using UAVs in forest cadastral surveying and the new opportunities they offer for cadastral activity are impressive. Using photogrammetric materials obtained during flight with drone on Forest massif, CAD and GIS software develops extremely precise relief patterns. Elaboration of digital Orthophotoplans with high orientation accuracy, for the studied forestry area, using the materials obtained during the UAV survey, together with the resources of geographic information systems, allow the formation Structured information layers that can be overlapped. One of such layers overlapped an Orthophotoplan digital is the layer with cadastral boundaries. The results of this work are useful in the inventory of forest land, in land research, in clarifying land boundaries.

Application of UAVs in Education and Research

Application of UAVs in Education and Research

Author(s): Tamás Jancsó,Peter Udvardy,Attila Varga / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2020

The paper deals with the application possibilities of UAVs ((Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) in education and in research activities carried out in university level. We can find several software applications for mission planning and execution of flight plans for UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) on the market. Some of them are fully free or very cheap, and they are suitable for teaching purposes. Choosing an appropriate evaluation software is also an important issue in education and team research processes. A series of experiments showed us, that the UAS (Unmanned Aerial System) technology is a good tool for deepening the knowledge in photogrammetric evaluation techniques and algorithms.

Applications of Fractal Geometry in Morpho-Hydrographic Network of the Danube Delta Potamology

Applications of Fractal Geometry in Morpho-Hydrographic Network of the Danube Delta Potamology

Author(s): Iulian Nichersu,Iuliana Nichersu,Marian Mierla / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2016

Fractal geometry is a tool in the analysis and interpretation in Potamology. Delta, is a typical case of alluvial river that occurs at the mouth of the great rivers loaded with a large amount of silt and opens into smooth waters, usually saline (seas and oceans) which has shallow waters and a shelf extended where tides (in most of the cases) are of low intensity and where currents coastline, with different meanings are weak, allowing the appearance, submersible or on surface of bars or a flat surface cone of dejection on which the river it spreads its waters in a web of streams, canals and lakes.A fractal is a geometric entity which, in its spatial development, is multiplying more and more on a smaller scale. An essential characteristic of fractals is that if you look with a magnifying glass, any part thereof, is reproducing at a smaller scale, the figure of the whole fractal. Fractal Analysis of the mouths of the Danube show a particular hydromorphological dynamics with specific mechanisms important for the exchange of energy and matter.The high degree of complexity of the Danube course determines the occurrence of several degrees of freedom in the course of the bed, reflected in an intense development and decreased predictability.On the other hand, the fractal dimension analysis of morphologically homogeneous sections of the course, emphasizes the geometric homogeneity of the lower Danube by similar values thereof.As engineers and scientists, we have become aware that water management involves a holistic and integrated view of a number of distinct systems that would previously have been dealt separately, and consequently there is a need for collaboration with experts from a number of other disciplines. Also we have to take into account the requirement of a range of stakeholders who have a direct interest in Danube Delta ecosystems functions. We have to note the Danube Delta water circulation (DDWCS) system deal with very complex interactions that are not immediately apparent. Simulation modeling has therefore become an important tool in order to understand the behavior under changes to various boundary conditions or internal conditions, such as parameters or even functional representations of different identified phenomena.

Areas Affected by Wildfires in Thasos Island using GIS

Areas Affected by Wildfires in Thasos Island using GIS

Author(s): Ana Cornelia Badea,Gheorghe Badea / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2017

In this paper we want to highlight the areas affected by wildfires in Thasos using Esri technology. The study is based on images from before and after the event. GIS possibilities offer us the appropriate environment to develop the study. The workflow was created in ArcGIS Pro10.3, using Chain Function.

Around the Bloc: Ancient Monuments Mapped on Kazakh Steppe

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English Issue: 11/10/2015

Giant designs traced out by earth mounds could be thousands of years old.

Aspecte privind conceptele şi practicile de planificare urbană integrată în Franţa

Author(s): Lilian Cîrnu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Aspects Regarding External Stresses on Dams During the Years 2000 – 2016. Case Study – 22 Reservoirs in Prut – Bârlad Catchment

Aspects Regarding External Stresses on Dams During the Years 2000 – 2016. Case Study – 22 Reservoirs in Prut – Bârlad Catchment

Author(s): Isabela Balan,Loredana Crengăniș,Flaviana Corduneanu / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

The Prut - Barlad Water Basinal Administration has a complex program of observations and hydro meteorological measurements. For a number of 22 reservoirs, special behavior monitoring is carried out, according to the Normative for the Monitoring of Hydrotechnical Constructions NP 087-2003. The main external stresses monitored at the dams of these accumulations are: rainfall, temperatures, water level in the lake. A study period of 17 years between 1999 and 2016 was chosen for the analysis. The paper presents the multiannual evolution of the maximum water levels in the reservoirs chosen for the study.

Aspects Regarding Side Displacement and Deformation as Effect of the Subsidence Process Caused by the Exploitation of Mineral Underground Deposite

Aspects Regarding Side Displacement and Deformation as Effect of the Subsidence Process Caused by the Exploitation of Mineral Underground Deposite

Author(s): Raluca Farcaș,Sanda Naș,Paul Sestraș,Cornel Arsene,Mircea Ortelecan / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2018

This paper addresses two aspects related to the manifestation of the subsidence process on the surface, caused by the exploitation of deposits of useful mineral substances (coal, ores and salt), respectively the analysis of the functional - stochastic model used to determine the displacement and deformation parameters of the surface. Taken into account, was the subject of previous research by the authors. In order to determine the displacement parameters, the rigorously processed repeated measurement method was used.

Aspects Regarding the Modeling of Water Distribution Networks using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and the Epaet Program

Aspects Regarding the Modeling of Water Distribution Networks using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and the Epaet Program

Author(s): Gilda Gavrilaș,Loredana Crengăniș / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2016

Upgrading water distribution systems in towns imposes the study of water distribution networks, starting from a global vision including the current situation, the management of each element of the system as well as their exploitation, development and optimization. The water distribution system consists of a number of interconnected hydraulic elements, each of them characterized by certain relations among the variables that have been chosen to describe their functioning. Currently, the GIS system has the advantage of enabling the collecting and validation of all available information, leading to the possibility of a coherent data set for the elaboration of a hydraulic model. In order to analyse the running of the system, the current practice restricts the analysis model of these elements, so that the parameters could be molded within the existing simulation systems. The paper presents various possibilities to analyse the functioning of a water distribution system.

Aspects Regarding the Topo-Cadastral Operations Necessary for The Introduction of the Building Networks and the Modernization of the Street Framework in the Locality of Bălcaciu, Jidvei Commune, Alba County

Author(s): Florina Voicu / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2021

According to INS data, in 2017, a total of 9,978,886 people in Romania had homes connected to sewer systems, representing 50.8% of the resident population. Regarding the treatment of wastewater, the population connected to the sewerage systems that included sewage treatment plants totalled 9,710,077 people, representing 49.4% of the resident population of the country.For the localities over 2000 inhabitants, to obtain financing, rural agglomerations were created artificially (commune and afferent villages). For these, systems have been designed and built, with sewer lengths that include the distances between communes and villages, often tens of kilometres. The number of communes in which the share of households connected to existing sewerage networks is below the 5% threshold, mainly due to connection costs and wastewater charges. Also, the resident population in these localities has decreased in the last ten years by more than 20%. As such, the costs of these projects will not allow the revenues generated by water companies to ensure the sustainability of the newly built infrastructure.

Assessing accuracy of forest cover information on historical maps

Author(s): Urs Gimmi,Christian Ginzler,Matthias Müller,Achilleas Psomas / Language(s): English Issue: 146/2016

Assessing the uncertainty of historical map information is a prerequisite for using this source type for land cover reconstructions. We assessed the accuracy of forest cover information from 1930 / 1940 Swiss topographic maps (Siegfried maps) by comparing them with forest cover gained from orthophotos and terrestrial photos from the same period. Orthophotos were considered to contain the true forest cover information and consequently inconsistencies between historical maps and orthophotos were considered as true errors (over or underestimation of the forest cover on the map ). Terrestrial photos reflect the surveyors perspective in the field and we therefore used this source type to develop hypotheses on potential reasons for inaccuracy of map information. Generalized linear models were used to test the hypotheses. The results confirmed our expectation that disagreement between maps is more likely to occur near forest edges, at higher altitudes and in less accessible and visible areas. Contrary to our expectations terrain slope did not play a significant role to explain surprisingly high rates of inaccuracy occurred in forest core areas.

Assessment of Hydromorphological and Hydrodynamic Alterations Caused by Anthropogenic Interventions on the Riverbed. Case Study Danube Bala Branch New Bottom Sill

Assessment of Hydromorphological and Hydrodynamic Alterations Caused by Anthropogenic Interventions on the Riverbed. Case Study Danube Bala Branch New Bottom Sill

Author(s): Constantin Cârstinoiu,Gyorgy Deak,Bogdan Urițescu,Georgeta Tudor,Alina Florina Nicolae,Adrian Ștefan Zamfir,Tiberius Dănălache,Marius Olteanu,Marius Raischi / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

The necessity for navigation conditions improvement on the Lower Danube lead to the construction of a submerged bottom sill on the Bala branch. This paper presents differences that occurred between riverbed bathymetry and water current velocity values recorded in measurements campaigns using multibeam and ADCP techniques carried out before and after the bottom sill was built (June 2013 and March 2016). The comparative hydromorphological analysis showed the emergence of erosion areas up to -17.4 m and deposition areas up to 9.5 m. As for the hydrodynamic alterations, above the new built bottom sill, the water current velocity values of over 3.0 m/s were recorded.

Atlas Fontium

Author(s): Marek Słoń / Language(s): English,Polish,German Issue: 5/2017