Tracking Time Behavior in Bridge – General Considerations

Tracking Time Behavior in Bridge – General Considerations

Author(s): Felicia Sătmăreanu / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2016

The substantial increase in the volume of civil, industrial, socio-cultural, hydraulic engineering, communication paths, etc., gradual substitution of traditional construction assembly and implementation of new processes put in front professionals need knowledge of the changes in more detail forms and position geometric constructions in space, both during the drafting of execution attempts elements and structures construction and execution during construction and operation. In the criminal behavior of buildings and land, the term construction will understand not only the building itself but also buildings, dams concrete, arocaments or earth dams, roads, warehouses and waste dumps, tailings ponds.

Tracking Vertical Movements of the Surface Associated to a Closed Mine

Tracking Vertical Movements of the Surface Associated to a Closed Mine

Author(s): Raluca Farcaș,Sanda Naș,Ioel Vereș,Andra Poruțiu / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2017

The paper aims to monitor through topographic, planimetric and leveling measurements, the soil stability and to track the constructions within the influence perimeter of Victoria salt mine, in order to protect the surface and objectives in the area.The study proposes monitoring by topographic, planimetric and leveling measurements on new longitudinal and transverse landmark alignments so the monitoring encompasses the entire field of influence of Victoria salt mine.

Trumpa žemėlapio stiliaus istorija: nuo įtaigos iki funkcijų

Author(s): Rita Viliuvienė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: -/2022

Map style is the category of cartosemiotics that deals with the map language. The map content is portrayed in different ways in different maps: either in suggestive way or in neutral way, in specific or abstract way. If the map content is portrayed in the proper manner, map information is revealed to the user. It is important the map language function and field of map usage to take into account for this and to choose the corresponding map style means to transfer information to the map user. The result – the map corresponding to the context, information transferred effectively, and the map content revealed. The story of the map style is discussed through the use of style means used for showing picturesque, expression, and suggestion, depending on the function of the map language and the field of map usage. The research is based on stylistic analysis of the maps. 4 different groups of maps of 25 maps were analysed and the style means specific to these maps were identified. Statistics is used to sum up the results. It has been found that the means of conveying similarity, highlighting, and depth metaphors help to present information more clearly when the map language function is signification. When the map language function is clarification, metaphors of sound, metaphors of perspective representation, emphasis, and means of concise representation are used. When the map language function is emphasis, so the metaphors of time, means of expression of national identity, means of self-expression of individuality help to convey information expressively and persuasively.

TUZGÖLÜ FAYI ve CİVARININ DEPREM RİSKİ

Author(s): Tekin Yeken,Ahmet Cem Yoğurtçuoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 40/2018

Since the 1960s, there have been important instrumental developments in seismology. Intensive studies are carried out to learn the tectonic earthquakes and their seismic risks. The information obtained from these studies has been important in the development of plate tectonics theory and other plate models. Elastic deformation energy has accumulated in the lithosphere as a result of the long-lasting movements between the plates. The purpose of seismological studies was to determine the faulting of the power system and the geometry of the force system. In this study, it is aimed to determine a time period where an earthquake with destructive and destructive magnitude can be repeated in the region by statistical calculations. This is also an important element of the earthquake risk concept. Faults controlling the seismic activity in the region play an important role in their seismic movements. The aim of the study is to analyze seismic risk in the fault zone and its vicinity by using TFZ seismic activity data. All earthquake data from the instrumental period to the current records were taken. According to the results, although the earthquake in the region is not common, the magnitude of the earthquakes of M≥5 magnitude has been determined. It is expected that the tectonic development of the region will contribute to the determination of deformations and tectonic modeling.

Tworzenie wielkoskalowych map historycznych w rosyjskiej historiografii XX i XXI w. Aspekty metodyczne

Author(s): A.A. Frolov / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2017

Niniejsza praca stanowi próbę prześledzenia drogi, którą przeszła rosyjska historiografia, zanim dotarła do współczesnych metod tworzenia map historycznych w dużej skali. Kwestia specyficznych cech mapy historycznej – odróżniających ją od zwykłej, geograficznej – nie pojawiała się wyraźnie przez długi czas. Badania materiałów pochodzących ze źródeł historycznych i geograficznych (głownie ksiąg katastralnych i spisów powszechnych od końca XV do XVII w.) zaczęły się rozwijać pod koniec XIX i na początku XX stulecia. Wymagało to stworzenia wielkoskalowych map historycznych. Jednym z kierunków badań była analiza przestrzenna danych pochodzących z rosyjskich źródeł historycznych (Mikołaj Nordman, Aleksander Kaufman). Zupełnie inne podejście, oparte na dokładniejszej i pełniejszej lokalizacji osad historycznych, zastosował natomiast Aleksander Andriaszew. Proces przekształcania mapy historycznej z ilustracji tekstu w analityczne narzędzie badawcze postępował w okresie sowieckim. Michał Witow opracował technikę tworzenia serii map warstwicowych, odzwierciedlających chronologię osadnictwa. Zaproponował także rozwiązanie problemu niejednakowej dokładności lokalizacji obiektów kartograficznych, wynikającej z używania rożnego typu znaków. Ostatnio widoczna jest tendencja do tworzenia szczegółowych map historycznych w formie atlasu. Materiały pochodzące z pomiaru powszechnego (XVIII–XIX w.) są najlepszym źródłem, które może służyć za podstawę ustalania lokalizacji. Każdy autor sam decyduje, w jakim stopniu korzysta z materiałów tego pomiaru przy tworzeniu map historycznych. Technologie komputerowe otwierają zaś możliwości modelowania deterministycznego, które polega na topograficznym powiązaniu zlokalizowanych obiektów z krajobrazem i pozwala wprowadzić system osadnictwa na mapę krajobrazową regionu.

UAV Technology Used for Monitoring a Mining Site

Author(s): Carmen Daniela Ioana Borza,Andreea Begov Ungur,Alexandra Dreghici / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2022

Surveying technology currently offers us a multitude of benefits and can be used in many fields of activity to create a more efficient way of working for people. This project aims to describe the process of 3D reconstruction of a mining site with UAV technology. The first step means performing the actual flight in the targeted perimeter with a drone (or UAV – unmanned aerial vehicle) equipped with a camera to capture images of a site from different vantage points. Out of these images, a photogrammetry software can recreate geo-referenced 3D maps of the mining site. The processing of the cloud of points collected with the help of the drone is an important step of this project. Mining operators can also easily extract the precise volume of stockpiles or areas to be excavated. By providing thousands of data points for one stockpile, drone surveys are far more accurate than surveying with total stations.

Update of the Topographic Parameters of the Structural Elements to the Pipes Networks

Update of the Topographic Parameters of the Structural Elements to the Pipes Networks

Author(s): Mihail Luca,Alexandru Lucian Luca,Daniel Toma,Fabian Tămășanu / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

The paper presents a way of updating the parameters of representation and tracing of the structural elements to the water supply networks in the execution or rehabilitation phase. Between the design phase and the construction phase of the pipe network components there are divergences in the field tracing. This situation arises, in particular, in the execution of rehabilitation works for water supply pipes. The case study on the rehabilitation works of the Timisesti - Iasi adduction pipeline that underlines the river Moldova confirms the necessity of changes in time of the topographic documentation of the execution. The morphological changes of the Moldova River bed during the period between the implementation of the rehabilitation project and its application in practice necessitated the modification of the situation plan and of the longitudinal profiles. The updating of the topographical documentation was carried out during the start of the execution of the works (plans for the location of the constructions and installations) and then during the rehabilitation works (longitudinal and transversal profiles).

Use of Digital Land Models in Automated Execution of Embankment Works

Use of Digital Land Models in Automated Execution of Embankment Works

Author(s): Ioan Ienciu,Robert Drașovean / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2020

The following project tackles modern solutions in the execution of embankments for railroads making use of Digital Terrain models with wich machines can be guided using GPS positioning such as Autograders for leveling platforms according to the designed heights and platform slopes or Excavators in digging twinning steps, slopes covered with rip-rap and so on. The DTM’s are developed individually for each platform using ArcGIS and according to the designed heighs and offsets specified in the project.

Use of Digital Terrain Modelling in Calculation of Stone Quarry Volumes to Renew the Exploitation Permit

Use of Digital Terrain Modelling in Calculation of Stone Quarry Volumes to Renew the Exploitation Permit

Author(s): Robert Draşovean / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2018

The following project contains a topographycal map and a 3D model of a stone quarry, used to renew the exploitation notice. The survey was conducted using a REC ELTA 15s total station using „Free Station” program, combined with GNSS technology to determine topographycal points in the area for georeferencing. The stone quarry is located in Zlatna-Pătrângeni area, at JIDOVU peak. The survey was conducted in order to determine the volume of stone material that was eploited in one year and to determine the area of the exploitation site.

USE OF INFORMATION ENTROPIA METHOD IN THE DETERMINATION OF THE GENESIS OF THE MINERAL DEPOSITS

Author(s): Nicolae Luduşan,Teodora Bardan-Eftenie / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2019

This paper presents a statistical method for determining the genesis ofuseful mineral deposits. It is based on the maximum degree of dispersion of some values onthe definition domain of a statistical series, which can be represented graphically. Bycomparing graphical images of multiple fields or comparing with a standard graph, thegenesis of some deposits can be determined quite accurately.

Use of Topographic Techniques and Technologies in the Management of Stored Waste Volumes

Author(s): Ioan Ienciu,Levente Dimén,Alexandra Dreghici,Georgeta Melania Sonica / Language(s): English Issue: 31/2021

Waste generation is the indicator that best illustrates the extent of the interaction between human activities and the environment. Waste generation usually follows consumption and production trends and monitoring of landfills in landfills for large urban agglomerations is a key parameter for waste management over a period.To this end, this paper addressed the topic of calculating the volume of waste deposited, using topographic techniques and technologies.

Use the UAV Technology in Determination of Digital Land Model

Author(s): Ioan Ienciu,Georgeta Melania Sonica / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2020

The earth surface is the place where a geographical phenomenon is constantly occurring. Thus, the representation of the relief becomes a reference field for the use of GIS systems. Surface modeling does not involve the representation of well-defined models in space, but provides valuable information on its continuous dynamics. The present study aims to achieve the digital model of the terrain in order to represent it as accurately as possible. The collection and transfer of data through UAV technology leads to an efficient management of data on obtaining digital terrain models, this study being largely structured on the presentation of the application side of UAV technology by highlighting the results obtained.

Using GIS for the Calculation of Equalization Volumes of Horizontal Platforms

Using GIS for the Calculation of Equalization Volumes of Horizontal Platforms

Author(s): Luciana Oprea,Tudor Borşan,Robert Draşovean / Language(s): English Issue: 26/2019

The lands designated for construction are generally irregular facts that are leading to various constructional malfunctions. These irregularities of the land require leveling works in the form of horizontal or inclined platforms where appropriate. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to calculate the volumes of materials to be used or dislocated in order to carry out the designed works.Thus, the present paper aims at the efficiency of digital modeling in order to equalize a horizontal platform. By digitally modeling the data taken from topographical measurements and making use of the architectural plan, the areas most affected by the altimetry will be easily identified, these areas being subjected to correction works in order to bring them to the level of the design.

Using Computer Games or Computer Applications Specially Created, to Support Teaching in the Field of Landscape Planning and Urbanism

Author(s): Liana Luminița Boca,Vasile Teodor Dădârlat,Andreea Begov Ungur / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2021

During their studies in the field of Urbanism and Spatial Planning, Romanian students must acquire theoretical and practical knowledge in the chosen field. This paper proposes the use of computer games or other computer applications specially created, to support teaching in the field of spatial planning and urbanism. Computer games can be a plus in developing students' visual and spatial logic, critical thinking, management and problems solving, well as practicing theoretical knowledge in the field of interest, starting from certain required topics or exercises.

Using Eterra Application for Approval, Receptions and Registration in the Cadastre Records and Land Book of the Properties, Required by the Special Cadastral Documents

Author(s): Maria Barb,Andreea Begov Ungur,Liana Luminița Boca / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2021

Due to technology development, stages of preparation and registration of cadastral documentation by public institutions in the field of cadastre suffered major modifications, being transmitted largely by these institutions in an electronic format. The cadastral documentation contains all the technical, legal and administrative documents necessary for the registration of the real estate in the integrated system of cadastre and land book, through which the real situation, from the field, of the real estate, is the subject of the respective work. Cadastral documentation is prepared based on Order no.700/2014 with subsequent amendments and completions, issued by the Romanian National Agency for Cadastre and Real Estate Advertising. The Eterra application is a program currently used for the purpose of registering these technical documents and is the way to obtain a lot of documents and information regarding the real estates for which the cadastral documentations were elaborated.

Using Geographic Information Systems to Establish Ameliorative Measures

Using Geographic Information Systems to Establish Ameliorative Measures

Author(s): Costinela Pîrvan / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2016

Considering the increasing number of planet inhabitants, the increasing life expectancy and climate changes that we face, achieving stable production by practicing sustainable agriculture is a major goal. Moreover, the improvement of technology for viewing, querying and analyzing data about soil, is leading to the easy use of such software in the agricultural land management. In this work are processed soils data, in order to obtain information about these lands arable classes suitability. This information leads to the establishment of limitations and flaws regarding these lands. The limitations or restrictions regarding the terrains lead to improvement requirements by land improvement works or agricultural-pedology-improvement works.

Using GIS for Landslides Graphical Representation. Case Study in Cornăţel (Hârtibaciului Plateau)

Author(s): Gheorghe Roșian,Csaba Horváth / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This paper it’s part of the present concern regarding the graphical representation of landslides. A very particular category of landslides is the glimee type. Of the territories in which they are frequently encountered, the Transylvanian Depression must be noted. Despite that these landslides are considered stable, since they occurred thousands of years ago, they were affected in time by various geomorphological processes. These include the recent (shallow) landslides, runoff on the slope, etc. For a correct graphical representation of both the old landslide and the current processes, which by their manifestation contribute to the genesis of new relief microforms, a GIS methodology was used. By using it, one can obtain both a graphical representation of various generations of landforms and can also make calculations allowing them to find out exactly their surface. This aspect has obvious practical connotations. As case study we used the landslide of Cornăţel, located in the south-western part of Hârtibaciului Plateau, an old glimee type landslide.

Using GIS Techniques for Identification of the Surfaces with Flash-Flood Risk Potential Within the Area Upstream of Poiana Uzului Reservoir

Using GIS Techniques for Identification of the Surfaces with Flash-Flood Risk Potential Within the Area Upstream of Poiana Uzului Reservoir

Author(s): Ioana Delia Miftode / Language(s): English Issue: 22/2017

Knowing the value of the flash flood potential index (FFPI) is significant, because there are included in the GIS environment various physical and geographical and anthropic factors playing an essential role in the flash flood occurrence: lithology, slopes, profile curvature, soil texture and the land use. In the mountainous region situated upstream of the Poiana Uzului reservoir, an area with a potential very high risk of flash flood sums up a total surface of 49.36 km2; the area with a potential high risk of flash floods sums up a total surface of 99.31 km2. The highest percentage of the total studied area is exposed to an average risk of flash floods. The Uz hydrographic basin is situated in an area with a potential high risk of flash floods. The map thus obtained displays the spatialization divided into five risk classes (very high, high, average, low, and very low). The surfaces the most exposed to flood generation are concave surfaces, surfaces that include high slopes, hard rocks, a low degree of forestation, clay soils. The areas identified as being critical, concerning the potential of flash flood generation, presented an elevated risk for other related phenomena – in this case, the floods.

Using GIS Tools to Analyse Emergency and Civil Protection Situations Specific Issues

Author(s): Anca Patricia Grădinaru,Ana Cornelia Badea,Petre Iuliu Dragomir / Language(s): English Issue: 32/2022

Geographic information systems are applicable in a wide range of areas as they allow data to be managed, analysed and distributed. The main purpose of this article is using GIS tools to explore the possibilities of analysing specific aspects of emergency and civil protection situations, amid a national security crisis. For such analysis, the ArcGIS Pro software proved to be very useful and the ability to operate with open data from Living Atlas facilitated the workflow.

Using NBUI to Extract Built-up Area in Iaşi Municipality Area, Romania

Using NBUI to Extract Built-up Area in Iaşi Municipality Area, Romania

Author(s): Paul Macarof,Cazarina Georgiana Bartic,Florian Stătescu / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

Urban built-up areas are vast stretches of constructed areas equipped with basic public facilities. Urban built-up area information is necessary in numerous applications of land use planning and management. The detection and calculation of the built-up area with the highest possible accuracy is of big importance in agricultural urban and suburban studies. Urban built-up area extraction from Landsat data, which has moderate spatial resolution, is challenging because of important intraurban heterogeneity and spectral confusion between other landcover types. In this paper is used a method to extract urban built-up surface from Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus data and determines urban area changes between 1994 to 2016 of Iaşi Municipal Area of Romania. The Enhanced Built-Up Bareness Index (EBBI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) were selected, to define three major urban landuse (LU) classes: built-up and barren or bare land, vegetation and open waterbody. In this paper built-up area was extracted as difference between indices EBBI, SAVI, MNDWI to eliminate water noises and vegetation, the obtained index image was spectrally sectioned to separate built-up area from the nonurban built-up lands. The obtained index is used to extract built-up area for 1994 and 2016 periods. Built-up area showed an overall growth about 203% in a span of 22 years. The accuracy of this index is 88.72%.