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The concept of ‘taste’ in formation of Croatian and Turkish lexicon: A contrastive analysis

Author(s): Ida Raffaelli,Barbara Kerovec / Language(s): English Issue: 83/2017

The paper explores the importance of the concept of ‘taste’ in the formation of the Croatian and the Turkish lexicon. The main goals of the paper are 1) to investigate differences and similarities in conceptual mappings based on the concept of ‘taste’ in two typologically different and genetically unrelated languages by analyzing the vocabulary based on the root kus in Croatian and the vocabulary based on the root tat in Turkish and 2) to see to what extent the formation of taste vocabulary differs with respect to lexicalization patterns in the two languages.

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Türkülerin Ortaokul Türkçe Derslerinde Kullanımı ve İşlevleri

Author(s): Bülent Ari,Mustafa Burak Top / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 30/2016

Making use of folk traditions in education contributes to one’s vocabulary and passes the traditions on to new generations. Therefore folk songs have an important function. In this article we examined Ministry of National Education’s textbooks which are set to be used from 5th grade to 8th grade in 2015-2016 school years. The folk song Çanakkale Türküsü under the title oral tradition placed in the textbooks for 7thgrades published by Meram publication hause are examined as examples. In addition to this we surveyed a bunch of activities that Çanakkale Türküsü involved with. And also some representative activities based on the folk poem “Koşma” and a folk song called “Demirci Mehmet Efe” are prepared in the direction of the goals made in Turkish Language Education Program. Furthermore we traced Turkish cultural values in these folk songs. As a result it is suggested in the article that folk songs can be utilized in order to accomplish the goals made in Turkish language education programs and can be utilized to pass the cultural values on to new generations.

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Balkanlar’da Türk dilinin yaşatilmasinda “Prilozi” ve “Behar” dergilerinin önemi

Author(s): İrfan Morina / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Special/2017

In 1950 notable turcologists of Bosnia such as Branislav Djurdjev, Nedim Filipovic, Hamid Hadzibegic, Muhamed Mujic ,Hazim Sabanovic, Besim Korkut who worked in Orientalni INSTITUTE (Oriental Institute) in Sarajevo within the frames of their program started publishing scientific journal named Prilozi za Orientalnu Filologiju (Contributions to Oriental Philology). First edition was published in 1950; editions first to seventh were known under the name Prilozi za Orijentalnu Filologiju i Istoriju Jugoslovenskih Naroda pod Turskom Vladavinom(Contributions to Oriental Philology and History of Yugoslav Nations under the Turkish Ruling). While starting from the eighth edition to the present day, editions are known under the name Prilozi za Orijentalnu Filologiju (Contributions to Oriental Philology). Initially, journal started to be published annually where afterward it was published irregularly and occasionally once in two years. In the worldwide scientific researches, journal was mostly given POF ascription. Prilozi za Orijentalnu Filologiju is particularly active in three areas in accordance to the objective of the foundation of Oriental Institution called Orijentalni Institut in Sarajevo. Team consist of scientific and experted groups specialized in Arabic, Turkish and Farsi and with special interest to the parts introducing Bosnian cultural heritage in these languages striving to contribute to language and literature of Ottoman period with their miscellaneous articles. These kind of writings are constantly given in the first part called “Philology” under “Language” and “Literature” titles. This is followed with the part of Bosnia-Herzegovina in Ottoman period and the history, doctrines, religion and culture of the areas of the period Yugoslavia. In this part special interest is given to social, political, economic and cultural history of Ottoman period Bosnia-Herzegovina, researching history of art heritage. It is given place to Ottoman period diplomacy supported by handwritings and archive files and documents scientifically prepared by Department of History. These kinds of writings are always given in the second part of the journal known as “History and Diplomacy”

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On the Yenisei Kirghiz title ā-rè

Author(s): Rysbek Alimov / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

This paper examines the term ā-rè recorded in mediaeval Chinese historical sources as the title of the ruler of the Yenisei Kirghiz state. The author aims to discover which Old Turkic title this Chinese phonetic transcription corresponds to. By reconstructing the sounds in ā-rè according to Middle Chinese the author argues that the most likely pronunciation of the term was änäl, which he suggests is a phonetic variant of the Old Turkic title inäl. The author also argues that this was a temporary title of the ruler of the Yenisei Kirghiz during their vassalage under the Uyghurs.

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Regular disharmonies in an early 18th-century Dačkerēn text: A diachronic interpretation

Author(s): Delio Vania Proverbio / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2014

The present article proceeds from that stream of Turcological research according to which the category of “exception”, within the context of (Turkic) vowel harmony, is to be regarded as at least misleading. From a historical point of view, the perfect vowel harmony of contemporary Turkish may be considered a later development which evolved from a primitive, regularly disharmonic system. Through a thorough scrutiny of an 18th-century Armeno-Turkish text, we add new arguments to the debate, by observing that the vowel phonology of Turkic languages seems to have been ruled by at least two colliding processes: a primitive, regular disharmony-triggered morphemic marking [RDMM] versus a transmorphemic rightward vowel harmonising [RVH]. A possible interpretation of some local “disharmonic” phenomena ‒ fossilised remains of a primitive stress assignment? ‒ is proposed here.

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Book Reviews

Author(s): István Vásáry,Klára Agyagási / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2013

Review of: 1. András Róna-Tas and Árpád Berta “West Old Turkic: Turkic loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica 84).”; 2 volumes. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 2011. pp 1494. by: Klára Agyagási 2. Sándor Klára “Nyelvrokonság és hunhagyomány. Rénszarvas vagy csodaszarvas? Nyelvtörténet és művelődéstörténet [Linguistic affinity and the Hun tradition. Reindeer or miracle stag? Historical linguistics and cultural history].”; Budapest: TypoTEX, 2011. pp 468. by: István Vásáry

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ON MONGOLIC BELGE AND MENGGE ‘SIGN, MARK’

Author(s): Béla Kempf / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2012

In Mongolic, the words belge and mengge have practically the same meaning, cf. LM belge ‘sign mark, token, symptom, symbol; prognostic, omen’ and LM mengge ‘birthmark, mole; sign’. This paper aims to answer the question of whether these two words are etymologically related with each other or not, and also attempts to shed light on a question put forward by Gerhard Doerfer. In two of his works Doerfer (1992; 1993) suggested that there might be loanwords in Early Turkic taken from different Mongolic languages, but this idea has gone practically unnoticed in the Altaistic literature.

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RECENT TRENDS IN MONGOLIC STUDIES

Author(s): András Róna-Tas / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2011

Review of: 1. JANHUNEN, J. (ed.): The Mongolic Languages. Helsinki, 2003. 2. STAROSTIN, S. – DYBO, A. – MUDRAK, O.: Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages. Leiden–Boston, 2003. 3. SVANTESSON, J. O. – TSENDINA, A. – KARLSSON, A. M. – FRANZÉN, V.: The Phonology of Mongolian. Oxford, 2005. 4. RACHEWILTZ, I. DE – RYBATZKI, V.: Introduction to Altaic Philology. Turkic, Mongolian, Manchu. Leiden–Boston, 2010. 5. KANE, D.: The Kitan Language and Script. Leiden–Boston, 2009. by: András Róna-Tas

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Съвременната българска литература и турцизмите

Author(s): Sadik Haci,Zeynep Zafer / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

To the Turkish words in the official Bulgarian Language today there is a negative attitude. The presence in the Bulgarian literary language of great number of lexemes of Turkish origin, which are not recognised from the big part of society, even specialists, as Turkish and which do not have Bulgarian counterparts, is not acknowledged as a valuable contribution to the basic lexical fund. The interest is focused on the usage of some Turkish words with pejorative meaning in journalistic and everyday speech. The function and the stylistic-emotional characteristics of the Turkish loan words in the present artistic texts are not researched.In the paper the Turkish words in the artistic debut of the contemporary writer Hasan Efraimоv „Dervis’ Karakondzhul“(evil ghost) presenting the representatives of Turkish cultural and linguistic environment, having specific national colour, are analysed. To the Turkish words in the official Bulgarian Language today there is a negative attitude. The presence in the Bulgarian literary language of great number of lexemes of Turkish origin, which are not recognised from the big part of society, even specialists, as Turkish and which do not have Bulgarian counterparts, is not acknowledged as a valuable contribution to the basic lexical fund. The interest is focused on the usage of some Turkish words with pejorative meaning in journalistic and everyday speech. The function and the stylistic-emotional characteristics of the Turkish loan words in the present artistic texts are not researched. In the paper the Turkish words in the artistic debut of the contemporary writer Hasan Efraimоv „Dervis’ Karakondzhul“(evil ghost) presenting the representatives of Turkish cultural and linguistic environment, having specific national colour, are analysed.

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Статус эвиденциального перфекта в терском диалекте кумыкского языка

Author(s): Daniar E. Kasenov,Daria A. Paramonova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 01 (52)/2024

This paper aims to describe the relationship between evidentiality and perfect aspect in the Terek dialect of Kumyk language. It also provides the comparison with other Turkic languages and with a focus on comparison with related languages of the Kipchak group. The paper shows that the aspectual form of perfect does not have any evidential restrictions on its interpretation in Terek Kumyk. Additionally, the paper discusses the status of the particle eken/=mken, which is diachronically related to the perfect form of the auxiliary verb, but which is just a particle and not a part of the complex verbal form since it cannot bear the verbal morphology in the current state of the grammar of the Terek dialect of Kumyk language. In addition to the evidential status of the particle =mken, which can be defined as the inferential marker, the paper also discusses its interaction with interrogative semantics (on the basis of polar and wh-questions), adding to the existing typology of evidential-interrogative interactions. The main conclusion which can be made considering the interrogative contexts where =mken particle is either infelicitous or obligatory is that there is no such phenomenon as interrogative flip in Terek dialect of Kumyk language. We will as well provide some diagnostics proving that the interrogative contexts with the investigated evidential particle can be rather defined as conjectural questions (the situation in which the speaker does not expect the listener to answer his question).

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Как менялась турецкая лексика (лексикографический анализ тюрко-латинской грамматики Иеронима Мегизера «Institutionum linguae Turcicae libri quatuor», 1612)

Author(s): Fanuza Sh. Nurieva,Margarita M. Petrova,Milyausha M. Sungatullina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 01 (52)/2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of vocabulary in Hieronymus Megiser’s grammar book “Institutionum linguae Turcicae libri quatuor” (1612). The fourth book of the grammar entitled “Dictionarium Latino-Turcicum et Turcico-Latinum” (“Latin-Turkicum et Turcico-Latin Dictionary”), which includes about 2500 words, is devoted to the material under consideration. The article gives a general characteristic of this lexicon, analyzes the construction and design of dictionary entries. As the material of the dictionary were the records of the Turkic language, widespread in Anatolia (Asia Minor) at the turn of the XVI—XVII centuries, the comparative analysis was carried out with reference to the lexicon of the modern Turkish language. As a result, the groups of vocabulary that have been preserved without significant changes were identified. This group includes names of toponyms belonging to the territory of modern Turkey, names of kinship, professions, names in the field of agriculture, names of plants and animals, important human activities. The biggest changes in the modern Turkish language in comparison with I. Megiser’s dictionary have been made to toponymic names of European countries, names of wild birds, medicinal plants, spices, which are not found on the territory of Turkey. Megiser’s dictionary has preserved for modern historical linguistics the Turkic names that were in use in the XVII century, and in modern Turkish they have become historicisms, replaced by modern European names.

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Анализ литературного наследия классика туркменской литературы Махтумкули Фраги

Author(s): Tohfa Mammadaga Talibova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 9/2023

The article analyses the literary heritage of the classic Turkmen literature Magtymguly Pyragy. The general work of the poet and its specific directions, the poet's role in the development of academic ties, folk relations, artistic features of his work, etc., are taken as the object of study. Makhtumkuli Fraghi wrote unique poems. His works are fascinating, sincere, convincing and national. The analysis of the poetic heritage of the poet in Azerbaijani literary studies will serve to approach the Azerbaijani and Turkmen peoples, strengthening the ideas of friendship, solidarity, humanism, and Turkism between them.

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AZERBAYCAN FOLKLOR MALZEMELERİ DİLİNDE ANALİTİK KARMAŞIK CÜMLE YAPILAR

Author(s): Könül Dənziyeva / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 63/2024

Analytical subordinate complex sentence structures in the language of Azerbaijani folklore materials were discussed in the article. It was noted that the essence and content of our folklore is expressed through sentence structures. One of these sentence structures is complex sentences. Complex sentences are sentence structures formed by the combination of two or more sentences through semantic and grammatical subordination. Analytical complex sentences are one of the types of complex sentences according to the connecting means of the components. In analytical complex sentences, the clause is connected to the main sentences with subordinating conjunctions, connecting words and particles. In the article, the components found in the language of folklore materials are analyzed in the analytic complex sentences., which are connected with subordinating conjunctions, connecting words and particles. As a result of the research, it was noted that as in our written literary language, in the language of folklore materials, analytical complex sentence structures were used. The study of these sentence structures will provide rich material for the historical syntax, and will play the role of a source in uncovering the ancient traces of our oral literary language.

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BOSNA HERSEKLİ ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN TÜRKÇE OKUMA ALIŞKANLIKLARI

Author(s): Ülker Şen,Eda Tok / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2024

For the acquisition of foreign languages, in-class activities are crucial in order to improve the reading skills. However, only these activities may not be adequate. Therefore; students should be exposed to Turkish out of the class as well. By reading Turkish books, magazines, newspapers etc., Turkish language learners must improve not only their reading skills but also other language skills (speaking, writing, listening/watching). In this study, it is aimed to identify the reading behaviour of Turkish language learners. The working group of the study is formed by 32 students from the department of Turkish Language and Literature in the universities from Bosnia-Herzegovina. The study was carried out in the survey model by staying connected with the qualitative method. Data was collected via the questionnaire about reading behaviour, created by the researchers. It is determined as some of the consequences in the study that the participants often read Turkish piece/publish, they spend their 2-3 hours on reading daily and their reading Turkish pieces is adequate.

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Mu'īnü'l-Mürīd’de Yetkinlik Sıfat Fiili

Author(s): Elif Gülnur Koca / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 34/2024

In this study, it is aimed to examine the participles, which are an important component of the Turkish language, through the work "Mu'īnü'l-Mürīd". The work was written in the Khwarazm region and was penned to explain the principles of Islam and Sufi doctrines to the Turkmen people. In this study, the competence participles and their sub-functions found in the work are discussed. These sub-functions include suitability, skill, possibility, habit, and differentiation from others. In this study, it is explained how these sub-functions are addressed with examples from the work. By addressing an important linguistic element of the Turkish language through the work, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the functions and structural features of the language. Ultimately, examining the competence participles and sub-functions in the work "Mu'īnü'l-Mürīd" will help us better understand the structural elements of the Turkish language.

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Mu’înü’l-Mürîd’de /+DIn/ Şeklinin Hâl İşlevleri

Author(s): Özge Çelik / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 34/2024

The functions of case suffixes in current grammar teaching are quite limited. Generally, shape is taken as a basis and no evaluation is made according to the function of the suffix in the suffix sequence. In this study, the functions of the /+DIn/ form as a case suffix in the work called Mu'înü'l-Mürîd from the Khwarezmian Turkish period are discussed.

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Yapısalcı Bir Yaklaşımla Nesrin Erbil’in Hancı ile Hasbihal Şiiri

Author(s): Cengiz Akbalaban,Doğan Yücel / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 35/2024

Throughout human history, there has been a continuous process of giving oral and written works. We see that listeners and readers fully understand these works with which they are in contact, interpret them after understanding them, and benefit from them materially or spiritually after interpreting them. Structuralism is the theory that became popular in the twentieth century for a better understanding and interpretation of literary works and has a significant impact on the critical examination of works and comes to the fore in text analysis. In structuralism, the artist's private life, feelings and thoughts, the environment he lives in and the factors that affect him do not exist. From a structuralist perspective, Nesrin Erbil's poem "Hancı İle Hasbihal" has been tried to be examined in the article in terms of sound, shape, meaning, aesthetics and artistic aspects. In the study, the poem was tried to be analyzed by document analysis method. The obtained data was interpreted later. The sounds used in the poem and the meaning world of the poem were handled with structuralist method.

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GALAT SÖZLÜKLERİNDE BİTKİ ADLARI ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER

Author(s): Burcu Sibiç / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 47/2024

Galat refers to the words or groups of words that arise as a result of the incorporation of words borrowed from foreign languages into the language by undergoing changes in sound, form and meaning. With this feature, galat are related to all sub-branches of grammar, especially vocabulary. In Turkish vocabulary, in addition to the words of Arabic and Persian origin that entered Turkish with the adoption of Islam, many words from Western languages penetrated into the language; as a result of the changes these words underwent, it is seen that many galat words emerged. Galat, which is expressed as “wrong”, “erroneous”, “defective” utterances, were initially the subject of various works written by scholars; later on, independent works such as galat dictionaries etc. were written on this subject. In these works, many animate and inanimate names, person names, tribe names, place names, various verbs, etc. were discussed. One of the categories mentioned in galat dictionaries is plant names. In this study, the plant names evaluated in the galat dictionaries written in the Ottoman period were identified, and they were discussed with their forms in different dictionaries as well as galat dictionaries. During the analysis, the usage of the words in the historical periods of Turkish written language was also utilized.

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ЗА ПРЕДИЗВИКАТЕЛСТВАТА ПРЕД ИЗСЛЕДОВАТЕЛИТЕ НА ОСМАНОТУРСКИ ТЕКСТОВЕ

Author(s): Miyryam Salim,Gyulten Ahmed / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The Ottoman archives are a priceless treasury of documents. Written sources in the Ottoman Turkish language represent the largest share of documentation devoted to the history, language, and culture of our past. In the Ottoman Empire, the official language is Turkish. The script is Arabic, which the Turks adopted along with the Islamic religion from the Arabs. The documents that appeared as a result of the activities of the Ottoman institutions and establishments, as well as the various manuscripts and epigraphic inscriptions of that time, were written in Arabic script. The study of Ottoman Turkish written sources is a complex process and requires well-trained specialists. This article presents the features that researchers should consider when reading and analyzing Ottoman Turkish texts.

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USE OF 20TH CENTURY TERMINOLOGICAL LANGUAGE IN THEIR MISSIONARY WORK: THE CASE OF THE EASTERN TURKI

Author(s): Fatih Erbay,Enfel Doğan,Murat Ali Karavelioğlu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2025

Swedish missionaries, through the ‘Swedish Mission Press’ established in Kashgar, East Turkestan, published numerous works from the early to mid-20th century in Eastern Turki to introduce Christianity to the Muslim Uyghur community. There are several particular features in the language and style employed in these works. This study aims to examine the terms used to express concepts related to God (the Father and the Son), the Bible, the Apostles, Jesus’ disciples, and ‘belief in God’ in eleven books published by Swedish missionaries in Kashgar to promote Christianity. The study concludes that Arabic and Persian terms related to Islam, which are easily understood by the Muslim Uyghur community, are frequently used in these works to introduce Christianity. This choice demonstrates that concepts already familiar to the Muslim Uyghur community are deliberately utilized in explaining and promoting Christianity.

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