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"Dellek” Kelimesinin Azerbaycan Türkçesindeki Anlam Boyutları ve Anadolu’daki Karşılığı Üzerine

"Dellek” Kelimesinin Azerbaycan Türkçesindeki Anlam Boyutları ve Anadolu’daki Karşılığı Üzerine

Author(s): Mahmut Sarıkaya / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 64/2019

The word "dellek" can mean barber, circumcisionist, and dentist, and can even refer to male servants who would wash and massage male customers in Turkish bath houses. Delleks would draw blood, cut for jaundice, and cut palates, as well as treat grapes and warts. The word comes to us from an earlier form, "tellak", carrying the same set of meanings. One might infer that delleks treated and beautified the human body, and were masters in their own right. Their female counterparts were referred to as "natır." Like delleks, natırs engaged in a wide range of activities, including scrubbing, massaging, make-up, eyebrow trimming, waxing, manicuring, pedicuring, tattooing, piercing, preparing nose and earrings, and assembling bridal head gear for weddings. Both terms not only are commonplace throughout many aspects of society, but they also refer to a collection of occupations whose lexical roots are self-explanatory. This study will look at their usage in the context of the Azerbaijani language, with a particular focus on their various meanings.

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+lAt- Biçimbirimine İşlevsel Bir Yaklaşım

+lAt- Biçimbirimine İşlevsel Bir Yaklaşım

Author(s): Sıdıka Dursun / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 20/2022

In this study, it is argued and supported by the evidence that the +lAt morpheme as a suffix whose function is to verbalise nouns directly, should be evaluated separately from +lA-t. The study will focus on whether +lAn, +lAş and +lAt and +lA-n, +lA-ş and +lA-t should be considered in a compound structure or as separate suffixes, and it will be discussed whether CAUSATIVE verbs can derive directl from nouns by means of the suffix +lAt-. The relations between these suffixes will be tried to be explained through the phenomenon of CAUSATIVE / INCHOATIVE verb pairs. The question of why diachronic methods are not an appropriate way to explain the derivational relations between these suffixes will be answered. The study will be based on Martin Haspelmath’s (1993) classification of the derivational relations between the CAUSATIVE / INCHOATIVE pairs.

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1595 Tarihli Defter-i Mufassal-ı Livâ-i Ahısha’da Geçen Türkçe Kökenli Kişi Adları Üzerine

1595 Tarihli Defter-i Mufassal-ı Livâ-i Ahısha’da Geçen Türkçe Kökenli Kişi Adları Üzerine

Author(s): Sinan Uyğur / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Spec.issue/2017

One copy of this book that was made about in 1595 is in the General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre in Ankara and another one is in Sakartvelos Sahelmtzebi Muzeumi in Tbilisi just after following the conquest of Ahiska whose Muslim people were exiled in 1944 and it was conquered by Ottomans in 1578 and occupied by Russians in 1828. The book both has an important place in historical researches in the way of showing that the economic and civilian administration structuring of the region and inclusion of the names of the taxpayers makes it valuable from the point of Turkish language and culture. However, the names of rich person in the book have been evaluated superficially by those who have not been experts before, and have been made inferences about the ethnic structure of the region based on these names in the book. We will examine these previous studies about the book and discuss the names of the Turkish people recorded in the book from the point of phonetics of the historical Turkish dialects, morphology and vocabulary, and will be emphasized on these names that bear trace which of Turkish dialects.

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18. Yüzyılda Gürcistan’da Derlenen Gürcüce-Türkçe Okuma Kitabı

18. Yüzyılda Gürcistan’da Derlenen Gürcüce-Türkçe Okuma Kitabı

Author(s): Sergi Cikia,İlyas Üstünyer / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 72/2021

This article focuses on the introduction of the Georgian-Turkish Reader that was compiled in Georgia in the 18th century for teaching students Turkish and looks at how it explains Turkish pronunciation and words in Georgian. We also examined Georgian sources referring to this manuscript using comparative and historical linguistics and compared our findings. Judging by the use of Greek letters in the text, we estimate that Ioakime Protosingelos, who had immigrated to Georgia from [Southern] Cyprus and settled down in the city of Vardzia, had probably written it. Our findings revealed that it was, rather, written in the Georgian Mkhedruli alphabet somewhere between 1780 and 1790. In addition, we discovered that the author had devised a clever system to phonetically transcribe the Turkish vocabulary into Georgian. Our findings should shed light on the relationship between Turkish and Georgian as languages, and the history of Turkish being taught in Georgia.

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18. Yy.’Da Macaristan’da İstinsah Edilen Sırpça Dini Eserdeki Türkçe Sözcükler Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

18. Yy.’Da Macaristan’da İstinsah Edilen Sırpça Dini Eserdeki Türkçe Sözcükler Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Author(s): Abidin Karasu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 36/2017

Jovan Kenejevic, who was a clergyman in Rats Titos in Baran region of Hungary, has copied the religious work “Pravila Svyatim Ili Sobraniye” (Правила свјатим или Собраније) in 1800 to be used in church service. This 372 page book is written in Rusko-slovenski (Kilisi Slavic) in Cyrillic letters. Knejevic has mentioned 606 Turkish words in the first four pages of this handwritten work and has made this note over the top line: “We cannot communicate in our daily lives without the Turkish words that are presented here.” ( Зде назначаются турске речи кое ми употребляемь и без нихъ говорим не умъемъ). This note of Parson Knejevic shows the existence of Turkish in Baran region of Hungary in 18th century. Information about this manuscript is provided in the research. Turkish words that were written in Cyrillic letters are translated into Latin letters, their meanings in the Turkish of Turkey are included and they are thematically categorized. As a result of this study, the aim has been to shed a light on the extent of the Turkish sphere of influence in 18th century Hungarian territory.

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1980-2017 Arası Telif ve Tercüme Matbu Türkçe Tefsirler Bibliyografyası

1980-2017 Arası Telif ve Tercüme Matbu Türkçe Tefsirler Bibliyografyası

Author(s): Hikmet Koçyiğit / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2017

Bibliography studies are studies that require constant updating. In Turkey, between 1980 and 2017, the acceleration of migration from the village to the city, the bringing of compulsory education, opening of many formal and private universities have caused enormous mobility of the scientific field and numerous researches on the field of tafsir as it is in every area. This situation has increased the number of copyright and translation works, so it has become necessary to identify these works. Here in this article, as a current contribution to the bibliography of tafsir, a list of the works of copyright and translation which was prepared and printed in Turkish between 1980-2017 is made. However, as a difficulty of bibliography studies, it is necessary to state that some of the works may have escaped the attention anyway.

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1999-2019 Yılları Arası Ağız Çalışmalarında Kullanılan Transkripsiyon İşaretleri Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir İnceleme: Ünlüler

1999-2019 Yılları Arası Ağız Çalışmalarında Kullanılan Transkripsiyon İşaretleri Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir İnceleme: Ünlüler

Author(s): Hüseyin Gökçe / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 66/2020

The problem of transcription signs used in dialect studies has been discussed in our country for many years. In 1999, Turkish Language Institute created a transcription system to solve this problem. Many studies on dialects have been prepared since then, but this system has not been fully followed. In this study we prepared, the transcription signs (vowels) in 56 dialects study between 1999-2019 were compared with the transcription marks in the system created by the Turkish Language Institute. In the introduction part, in these studies, why the system in question is not complied with, the studies for the solution of this problem and some studies that draw attention to this problem are mentioned. Then, the transcription signs for vowels in the system created by the Turkish Language Institution and the vowels' signs in the current studies were compared by means of some graphics and charts. In addition, this section also includes other vowel signs that are not included in the system in question, but are used in current studies. Information about the number of signs detected in the conclusion section, whether these signs are in the "Turkish Language Institution Transcription System" is given. In addition, some conclusions have been made in this section about which signs researchers have/ haven't difficulty in determining, why some signs are used more / less.

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5. ve 6. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitaplarında Yer Alan Yabancı Kökenli Sözcüklerin İncelenmesi

5. ve 6. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitaplarında Yer Alan Yabancı Kökenli Sözcüklerin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Z. Canan Karababa,Kevser Yıldız / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the loanwords found in teaching textbooks used as a primary source in Turkish mother tongue teaching. In general this study, in its introduction, considers the type and structure of loanwords, and the importance of vocabulary teaching in language acquısiton and its relation with mental development. This study, which is a descriptive research based on the scanning model, considers the quantum, quality and structure of loanwords found in 5th and 6th grade Turkish textbooks. The study is limited to examining loanwords which also have a Turkish equivalent. The study found that the ratio of loanwords having a Turkish equivalent to all loanwords scanned was 9.8% in 5th Grade and 5.3 % in 6th Grade textbooks. When vocabulary teaching techniques were considered, the ratios were found to be 17% at 5th Grade and 23% at 6th Grade. The loanwords studied were found to be mostly of Arabic and French origin. Further studies in this area should focus on the attention required when chosing vocabulary for Turkish language textbooks.

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6. SINIF TÜRKÇE DERS KİTAPLARINDA YER ALAN DRAMATİK ETKİNLİKLERİN İNCELENMESİ

6. SINIF TÜRKÇE DERS KİTAPLARINDA YER ALAN DRAMATİK ETKİNLİKLERİN İNCELENMESİ

Author(s): Buket Dilek / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 43/2019

The aim of this study is to search the activities in Turkish language coursebooks about creative drama in Turkish language’s basic skills called reading, speaking, writing and listening. The search was carried out Turkish language teachers’ guidebooks and coursebooks between 2006-2018 which was published by Ministry of Education after the curriculum in 2005. In this study, document analysis used. Findings show that in 6th class Turkish language courses, all the dramatic activities prepared by creative drama utilized totally 10,1%. According to the findings, the most used tecnique is dramatization but the less used are gossip circle, drawing picture together and station. Also there’s no sample of telephone tecnique, forum theatre, photo frame, dull image, hall of consciousness and inner sound tecniques in the activities. This search was prepared as a guide for the writers of Turkish language course books and the other researchers.

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6. Sınıf Türkçe Kitabının Söz Varlığı Görünümü ve Derleme Dayalı Etkinlik Önerileri

Author(s): Özlem Kurtoğlu Zorlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2017

The aim of this study is to identify whether the 6th Grade Turkish texbook and workbook meet the criteria suggested by Güneyli (2011) and to create vocabulary exercises using corpus data. This study, the method of which is a descriptive survey model, reveals that these books are appropriate in terms of using Turkish vocabulary, cognitive and language development level, regarding the frequency of use of words, concreteness, connotation of words, expediency, including different methods-techniques, tools and activities. However, they aren’t appropriate in terms of basic concepts, imagery and activities of pragmatic analysis. Furthermore, some activities can be improved to meet the criteria of vocabulary teaching and analysis.

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A Comparison of Teaching Vocabulary through Audio-Visual Materials versus Traditional Ways

Author(s): Merve Nur Çalışkan / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The present research aims at comparing whether teaching vocabulary by the help of audio-visual materials or through traditional ways is a better option in EFL settings. The differences between audiovisual materials and traditional ways have been remarked in the current study. The experiment lasted 3 weeks and was carried out with 36 secondary school students (control and experiment groups). Each group consisted of 18 participants. Firstly, the predetermined target words were taught to both groups by audiovisual materials or traditional ways such as writing, repeating, and translation. Secondly, a vocabulary quiz was applied to the experimental and control groups. When the scores were compared, there wasn’t any significant difference. However, the experimental group was relatively more successful than the control group. Thirdly, a questionnaire and an interview were applied to the participants by the researcher. The results showed that participants prefer to use audiovisual materials in vocabulary activities. Also, it was observed that audiovisual materials make the lessons more interesting and promote the motivation of the learners.

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A Corpus-Based Comparative Analysis of Dedikodu and Gıybet in Turkish

A Corpus-Based Comparative Analysis of Dedikodu and Gıybet in Turkish

Author(s): Kadriye Aytaç-Demirçivi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

This study compares the frequency, connotations, and collocations of the words dedikodu and gıybet in Turkish. Turkish National Corpus and Spoken Turkish Corpus were utilized as the data source. Frequency analysis reveals that dedikodu is more frequently used compared to gıybet and several formulaic expressions were observed for dedikodu. With regards to the domains, gıybet is only used in written discourse and mostly in religious sources whereas dedikodu was observed in a variety of domains including prose, biography, scientific and nonscientific sources. Based on the discourse analysis that was carried out by a meticulous analysis and coding of the contexts of each occurrence, remarkable connotational differences were found out between dedikodu and gıybet. These words were also analyzed with reference to their semantic prosody by an examination of their collocations. Collocational analysis unveils that gıybet always co-occurs in negative contexts. Although mostly negative, dedikodu is collocated with words used in both positive and negative contexts.

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A Corpus-Driven Study on the Turkish Focus Particle Sırf

A Corpus-Driven Study on the Turkish Focus Particle Sırf

Author(s): Muhammet Fatih Adıgüzel / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

This is a corpus-driven study based on the TNCv3.0 to determine the co-occurrence patterns of the focus particle sırf (only/just) in its scopes. The study revealed that sırf’s syntactic associates are largely phrases or clauses of purpose or reason. Over half of the 430 concordance lines analysed had various purpose or reason expressions as sırf’s focused constitutes. The most frequent colligates in the exclusive operator’s scopes are reason and purpose markers diye or için, ranking the first two in its collocation list. This very strong lexical priming suggests a pragmatic motivation. By choosing sırf rather than any other particles like sadece or yalnızca, the speaker not only marks the single reason or purpose for which something is done but also often reflects a negative attitude to reasons or purposes as being unjustifiable. The most unfavourable prosody was detected in the collostruction sırf +noun+ olsun diye, in which almost all the nouns in the ‘noun’ slot are abstract, most of which have negative connotations.

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A Critique of Alexander Samoilovich (1880– 1938) and the Process of an “Imperial Visitor’s” Evolution

A Critique of Alexander Samoilovich (1880– 1938) and the Process of an “Imperial Visitor’s” Evolution

Author(s): Anton Ikhsanov / Language(s): English Issue: 40/2020

The modern epoch is connected to the increased pace of intercultural interaction. In numerous spheres of human activity, the communication field between representatives of different cultures has become a part of everyday life. The necessity to provide an academic study of this phenomenon has led to the emergence of a specific branch of science titled “intercultural communication” and has changed the direction of anthropological studies, the methodology of history, and sociology. However, the basis for this change of approach was not only a “cultural turn” and an attempt to enrich the “toolkit” by the newest methods of social sciences. One of the foundations for this shift to a new field of studies was self-reflection by historians and anthropologists. According to Maria Todorova, the ability to acknowledge the possibility of a scholar’s self-transformation by contact with the Other (and the dual nature of this process) is an ultimate indicator of this development by any branch of science. Asian and African studies are not exceptions.

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A HISTORICAL MORPHOLOGY OF WESTERN KARAIM: THE -p edi- PAST TENSE IN THE SOUTH-WESTERN DIALECT

Author(s): Michał Németh / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

The present paper describes the -p edi- past tense in Western Karaim – the first such attempt made in the available scholarly literature. It is important to note that the paper is based not only on philological data collected from manuscripts from the 18th–20th centuries, but also on field research conducted by the late Polish Turcologist, Józef Sulimowicz (1913–1973). His linguistic informants were Karaims from Halych.

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A Lexicological Approach to Look-up Frequency of Turkish Sign Language Dictionary Users

A Lexicological Approach to Look-up Frequency of Turkish Sign Language Dictionary Users

Author(s): Erdem Önal,Bahtiyar Makaroğlu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

From a lexicography perspective, the phenomenon of dictionary lookup frequencies can answer many critical questions on the dictionary users’ needs and the relationship between corpus data and look-up tendencies. Although numerous studies have been carried out on the theoretical and functional aspects of look-up frequencies in the field of spoken language to date, there are relatively a few attempts to describe the characteristics of look-up behaviors in sign languages. This paper investigates the relationship between the objective frequency list of the Turkish Sign Language Corpus (Makaroğlu, 2021) and The Contemporary Turkish Sign Language Dictionary (Makaroğlu & Dikyuva, 2017) look-up occurrences. Using an approach to compare corpus data and log files, the results demonstrate that there are very limited similarities between the two and that there is no positive relationship for the percentage of the highest ranked items. In addition, the current study concludes that the corpus-based objective frequency list is a comparatively poor predictor of the dictionary look-up frequency and this difference could be direct result of the morphological structure of the words/signs in TİD (rather simultaneous realization) compared to Turkish (rather agglutinative morphology).

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A MEMORANDUM ABOUT THE KING OF THE ON UYGUR AND HIS REALM

Author(s): Zhang Tieshan,Peter Zieme / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2011

The fragment we are editing here for the first time is a specimen of a new genre of Old Uygur literature. It is a memorandum or an account on the early years of the West Uygur Kingdom of Qočo. The leaf is the 22nd of an ötüg that contains a vivid text changing between prose and verse reflecting the literary heritage of the Old Uygurs. Supposing that the work was written during the Yuan period (13th to 14th centuries) we have to admit that it is an ambitious work of historical retelling political, military, and cultural events that took place at least two centuries before. Since the 62 lines are completely preserved, this text presents a new valuable source for further studies on Old Uygur.

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A MYSTERIOUS ANIMAL CALLED AL-WARK

Author(s): Krzysztof Tomasz Witczak / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

The paper examines the mysterious term al-wark, which – according to Maḥmūd of Kāşğarī (11th century AD) – denotes a small animal similar to a badger (Turk. borsmuk) in the Xakani language. This animal was treated as a symbol of fatness. It is suggested that the term in question was borrowed from a Tocharian source. The Indo-European term *wṛḱos (m.) ‘badger’ (originally ‘fat animal’, cf. Hittite warkant- adj. ‘fat’) is reconstructed on the basis of Indic, Greek and Anatolian lexical data.

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A new fragment of the Altun Yaruk in old Uigur from Tuyuk

Author(s): Zhang Tieshan / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The fragment we are publishing here is preserved in the Academia Turfanica. It belongs to the second chapter of the first volume of the Altun Yaruk Sudur in old Uigur. There are some words that are apparently different from the other version(s) of the text.

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A Pragmatic Function-Position Analysis of Address Terms: Tendencies in Turkish

A Pragmatic Function-Position Analysis of Address Terms: Tendencies in Turkish

Author(s): Nuriye Özer,Pınar İbe Akcan / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

This study, with the broader aim of describing the addressing system in Turkish, analyzes the addressing terms as inseparable parts of communication, in terms of their sentential positions, pragmatic functions and function-position mapping properties on the database of Turkish National Corpus and presents the findings within a synthesis of broader literature on different languages. With that purpose in mind, three research questions will be answered. The first one is about the pragmatic functions of address terms in Turkish in the corpus data, the second one is about the interaction of these functions with their sentential positions and third one is about the extent to which the findings of the study and the findings in the literature for other languages. A specified sub-set from the Turkish National Corpus (TNCV3) (Aksan, 2012) was used as the database of pieces of natural language. The three major findings of the study are that Turkish address terms have ten basic functions, these functions occur in four different sentential positions, there are some tendencies in function-position mappings and that although there are Turkish specific aspects, correspondences with the studies especially in English are much more. With its Turkish specific findings, the study will hopefully contribute to the analyses of the addressing systems in languages as a whole.

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