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THE TRUST IN INSTITUTIONS AND MANAGER ASSOCIATION

Author(s): Mirjana Radman- Funarić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

Recent research suggests that greater business co-operation between enterprises is associated with a higher level of social capital of an individual. Since managers are basically people who base their activity on co-operation, the goal of this paper is to establish a link between the level of social capital of managers in cluster-based companies with their assessment of the activity and results of those activities in clusters. The analysis includes all dimensions and elements of social capital and the perception of managers on the business results of mutual cooperation. For this purpose, the Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and the nonparametric statistical method (Kendall Tau-b correlation; τb) were used to avoid the conclusion using only one of the methods. The results have shown that there is a statistically significant, but weak, correlation between trust in institutions and active membership in associations with managers' assessment of joint activities within the cluster.This research has shown that there is a statistically significant association between multiple memberships of managers in associations with their higher grade of activity within the cluster. The results have shown that general trust and perception of compliance with the norms of citizens is negatively associated with a higher grade of cluster activity, but these results are not statistically significant.

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Rzeczywistość narracji a fikcyjność osoby

Author(s): Józef Bremer / Language(s): Polish Issue: 42/2018

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to critically discuss the functional and elimina tivist approach to understanding of person (self) proposed by D. Dennett, in which person (self) is reduced to an abstract narrative center of gravity, analogously to the center of gravity of the body in physics. The result of this reduction is the thesis about the illusory nature of the self. While in the common sense understanding of the concept of person, it is the person who is the author of the sto ries, the narrative center of gravity is created by stories – whether they are heard from the others or repeated by person himself for himself. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: In the study, Dennett’s heterophenomenological concept of the person (self), denying the “reality” of subjective (first person) experiences, has been submitted to philosophical analysis. The correlates of subjective states, available from the perspective of the third person (thanks to the first person narratives) can be identify with the per son’s patterns of neural activity in the brain. In order to clarify the argument about the elimination of the subjective self the examples of computers creating stories were evoked. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: This study underlines the difficulties emerging in the functional eliminativist reductions of the person, especially the weak points of analogy: the center of gravity in in physics theories versus the abstract center of narrative gravity in philosophical anthropology. RESEARCH RESULTS: The results of the analysis show the theoretical deficiencies in hetero phenomenology when it comes to providing a convincing justification for the thesis of the illusory of self and the fact that self is only a bundle of narratives. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The following questions should be asked and reconsidered: Who is more a victim of illusion? We, with our colloquially understood sense of being the authors of the narrative, or Dennett stating that one can give up taking into ac count the subjectivity, unity and identity of such an author? How much does Dennett is successful in explaining the person’s awareness, identity and unity? Why a socially rooted, colloquially perceived person is supposed to be an ontological fiction, an illusion? The recommendation for further research is: Issues related to the person and the stories he creates (or, in Dennett’s way “stories that create it”), demand today consideration from various perspectives: starting from psychology, sociology, neurology, science of artificial intelligence, and ending with philosophy.

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Rethinking Nuclear Risk in the Post-Fukushima Era

Author(s): Tudor Ionescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The paper discusses some issues concerning the different types of risks entailed by the civil uses of nuclear technology around the turn of the millennium. This discussion is meant as an introduction into a broadly studied topic revived by the Fukushima accident from 2011. As we shall see, some important theoretical strands from the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS) and elsewhere concerning nuclear risks have their roots in observations about the Chernobyl nuclear accident from 1986 and the less severe accident at Three Mile Island from 1979. These accidents, along with other technological crises have inspired scholars, including Ulrich Beck, Charles Perrow, Brian Wynne, Sheila Jasanoff, and William Kinsella—to name but a few—to shed a different light upon technological failure. The results of the work of these scholars were turned into social theories and sensitizing concepts about technological risk, expertise, and techno-political regimes, which have influenced the way we think about nuclear and other risks today. In the next section, we introduce some of these theories and concepts to set the stage for a discussion of different models for conceptualizing and communicating risk before proposing one of our own. We then briefly discuss radiation maps in light of what Jasanoff termed “technologies of hubris and humility” and provide an outlook into future topics of potential interest in relation to nuclear risk.

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Obraz macierzyństwa w polskiej blogosferze parentingowej

Author(s): Stella Grotowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 45/2019

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the article is to analyze the contemporary experience of motherhood and its transformations on the example of parenting bloggers. The research is based on the assumption that through expressions on the Internet one can learn about important aspects of life in the wider community, for which the Internet is a space for communication, dissemination of specific social patterns and shaping opinions. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research presented in this article is exploratory. The discourse analysis of selected parenting blogs written in Polish (netnography) was used, as well as the analysis of the existing data, which were considered significant for the problem under study. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article consists of five parts. The first one indicated the directions of changes in the family institution, in the next two the author discusses the parenting blogosphere as the research area and the applied quality methods. In the next three subsections there is an analysis of motherhood. As it turns out, motherhood is subject to reproduction with minor changes. RESEARCH RESULTS: The analysis of women’s statements shows that their experience reproduces the family model described in the literature as “traditional.” However, there are differences in comparison with the previous generation of women. The differences consist in limiting the requirements for mothers of small children (resignation from the obligation to professional work outside the household), as well as in defining routine daily activities as an area of self-fulfillment. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The analyzed problem is rarely undertaken in family sociology in Poland. It is necessary to emphasize the desirability of studying Internet activity in which contemporary reflexivity of motherhood is expressed – numerous choices, the necessity of reflection and consideration are treated as an element of the social role of mother.

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Redefining the reference librarian in the university environment

Author(s): Lenuța Ursachi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The reference librarian and the services provided hold more than ever the attention of users at the “Dunărea de Jos” University Library of Galati (DJULG). The Internet, technology and struggle for survival left a significant mark on both librarians' skills and reference services in the new context of the information society. In order to align with new trends in librarianship and to respond effectively to the increasingly complex demands of users, the reference librarians had to move beyond the traditional and reinvent themselves. As a result, new skills have been acquired and new services emerged in the information landscape of the university library. // The paper examines the evolution of the reference services at DJULG over the last ten years, emphasizing the changes of the librarian profile in this area. The variety of information sources, the emergence of new information technologies, the movement on open access have been the main elements that contributed to the professional development of the reference librarian and the implementation of new models of services for users. The case of the university library in this study reveals different profiles of the reference librarian: researcher, educator in information literacy, bibliometrician, wikilibrarian, digital resources manager, reference manager etc. Not far from the truth, we can say that the reference librarian became a chameleon, from the perspective of information evolution and ensuring sustainable library services.

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Zmediatyzowana rodzina

Author(s): Małgorzata Gosek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 49/2020

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the article is to show what the modern family looks like from the perspective of teachers and school educators under the influence of the mediatization process and to determine if and how they see the relationship between its functioning and mental health problems of children and youth. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problem was formulated in the form of a question: do digital media affect the functioning of the family and indirectly affect the mental health of children and youth and their self-esteem? The work uses an analytical and synthetic method based on literature, reports and statistical data and the results of qualitative research conducted by the author at schools. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The starting point of the work is a synthetic picture of the changes in the modern family under the influence of digital media and the picture of the mental condition of children and youth in the light of literature and existing data. In the next step, it was supplemented with opinions of teachers and school educators about the family and the relationship between changes occurring in it and the problems of mental health of children and youth. RESEARCH RESULTS: The conducted analyses and qualitative research show that digital media exert an influence on the functioning of the family and indirectly affect the occurrence of mental health problems and lowering the self-esteem of children and youth. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: In the light of the conclusions drawn from qualitative research, broader quantitative research should be carried out to help determine the scale of the described phenomenon. In addition, it is necessary to take measures aimed at strengthening the condition of the family and making parents aware of the impact of the media and factors affecting their children’s mental health.

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The Use of Game Elements in Higher Education in the Context of Motivating Different Types of Users of Gamified Systems

Author(s): Aleksandra Witoszek-Kubicka / Language(s): English Issue: 51/2020

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of the article is to select the elements of games that increase the student’s external and internal motivation tailored to the specific type of player he/she represents. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problem is the issue of motivating students using gamification. The author addresses the issue of preparation of classes that will actually translate into motivation to learn practical skills, but also to develop, pose difficult questions and engage in the learning process. The research is based on the Self-Determination Theory and Marczewski gamification users typology. The basic method used in the presented research is an analysis of a questionnaire conducted among students of the Cracow University of Economics. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article consists of two main parts. The first presents the concept of gamification and its use in motivating. Second part of the article is divided into three subsections. First of them contains characteristics of different participants types in gamification projects. Second of them presents assumption and research hypotheses, the other one includes analysis of the results and conclusions of the study. RESEARCH RESULTS: Thanks to the conducted research and based on the subject literature, the predispositions of students to accept the use of selected mechanisms known from games were determined. The conducted research confirmed the assumed hypothesis that the legitimacy of using particular elements of gamification depends on the target group of participants. However, the hypothesis of ineffectiveness of the use of elements specific to the type of player was not confirmed. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Further research is needed to verify this assumption, e.g. using a gamification project. Due to the limited research sample, the results do not reflect the entire population, but provide a basis for further research on the motivational elements of individual participants in gamification systems. They can also be treated as a guideline for the implementation of gamification in the curricula addressed to students in Poland.

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DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION IN PRE-SCHOOL AGE

Author(s): Mirna Harwood,Abdul Rahman Omar / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

This paper presents a study investigating the use of digital technology - tablets and mobile phones by six pre-school children in Požega, Croatia and the way this technology facilitated the English language learning process through its content. The children involved were two boys and four girls aged between four to five. The paper’s introduction reflects on today’s widespread use of digital technology amongst the young learners. The study itself was conducted using two quantitative research methods – contextual interviews with the pre-school children and interviews with the children’s parents. The study findings indicated that the children preferred multimodal content such as cartoons and video games with colourful themes or characters, that prompt or ask questions, i.e. encourage participation. A strong preference for English speakers changing pitch and tone within the content was also indicated in the findings. The findings pointed to children’s preference towards music videos – nursery rhymes teaching letters, numbers or colours. Finally, gaming videos and tutorials were a common choice of content for all six children, where they were mostly exposed to visual and aural prompts. In conclusion, the children independently selected multimodal content: cartoons, videos games, tutorials, gaming videos and nursery rhymes which all shared visual, aural, linguistic and spatial modes of communication. The research provided a valuable insight into the type of digital content that pre-school children opt for in non-educational environment and how they acquire basic communication skills in English as a result.

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Rozwój e-administracji w polskich miastach w następstwie kryzysu związanego z pandemią COVID-19

Author(s): Jakub Kwaśny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 42/2022

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the article is to identify the challenges faced by Polish local governments in implementing e-administration and to analyze the necessary changes – resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic – in the field of regulations for the effective implementation of public policies at the local government level. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The main problem is to determine how to effectively respond to changes in the functioning of local government units in terms of satisfying citizens’ needs. The research methodology is based on two techniques: a review of the literature on the subject and the analysis of the results of surveys conducted among local government officials. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: consists of two essential elements. The first characterizes the essence and purpose of the development of e-administration and specifies the legal conditions. The second part focuses on the results of own research on the pandemic effects for the development of e-administration in local governments. RESEARCH RESULTS: The analysis shows that despite the growing digital competences this area is not a priority within the framework of public policies. As the study shows, most of the surveyed officials declare to not have a strategy for implementing public e-services, and the changes are incidental. The most important barriers include complex regulations and high costs of their implementation as well as their usefulness for citizens. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Further implementation of e-administration requires both: the simplification of the regulations and a strategic plan ensuring the integration of various systems and their interoperability. This creates the need to develop and implement long-term strategy plans in order to improve e-services provided by local governments.

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Recent Trends in Regulatory Design – Stakeholder Engagement in Regulatory Impact Assessment

Author(s): Renata Śliwa / Language(s): English Issue: 42/2022

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: Justification of stakeholder engagement as a possible pillar of efficient regulatory governance THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: To visualize the significance of stakeholder engagement to regulation, the OECD data on stakeholder engagement are interpreted. Then, the case studies of the stakeholder engagement within regulatory impact assessment procedures in the European Union, Korea and the United Kingdom are highlighted. The methodology is based on the comparative analysis of the OECD secondary data and case study comparative analysis. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: Starting from a view of regulatory policy as the realization of policy goals with regulation, law, and other instruments through which a higher standard of living of the population can be achieved. Concluding with the reasoning that stakeholder engagement is a crucial component of a check-and-balance mechanism in regulatory governance. RESEARCH RESULTS: The stakeholder-engagement-driven three-layer division covers: Policy-driven layer (strategy) determined by the contemporary challenges stemmed from emancipation of association consciousness and movements and ICT revolution; Administration-driven layer (operationalization) determined by effectiveness and efficiency as well as public service imperatives; Governance-driven layer serving as the exponent of varieties of conflicting and complementing ideas and interest of social groups, check and balance in the process of monitoring, legitimization and accountability of regulators while wide-spreading the essential public services. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Stakeholder engagement as a crucial part of regulatory impact assessment has been the pivotal element of the systemic adjustments reaching out to the behavioral adaptations, and to the institutionalization of evidence-based policy making.

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Pasje młodzieży a technologiczna współczesność

Author(s): Ilona Dąbrowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 63/2023

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the article is to learn about the current areas of passion, as well as, opinions on having these (assessment of their importance, the amount of time devoted to pursuing passions, verification in the emotional context) in the perception of young people. and the present day.THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problem is the question about the areas of interest and passion of the contemporary youth in the context of intensive development and dissemination of technology. The study was conducted using the diagnostic survey method based on the author’s questionnaire. In the presented article, statements of young people aged 18 to 26, referring to their own interests and passions, were analyzed. An analysis of available reports and publications was performed, as well as own research (surveys).THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The key terms for the analysis were defined and the results of the survey were presented.RESEARCH RESULTS: The conducted analysis showed not only the focus of interests and passions within two main areas, i.e. music and film, but, also indicated specific premises concerning the positive impact of having a passion on well-being, and also outlined the challenges related to the lack of sufficient time to pursue passions or the low share of schools in the process of developing passion, as well.CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The research results presented in the paper do not only confirm the thesis about the dominance of interests and passions of contemporary youth in areas related to the modern Internet or television. The results of the research provide information about the most popular areas of passion among young people, and outline the challenges faced by e.g. in front of educational institutions, in the context of stimulating and developing passion.

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Noua revoluție în învățarea limbilor străine: puterea Inteligenței Artificiale și Educația 4.0

Author(s): Ana Maria Chisega Negrila / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 02/2023

This article explores the connection between artificial intelligence (AI) and language learning in the context of Education 4.0, highlighting how the former revolutionizes the latter with the introduction of emerging technologies and innovations in education. The article discusses how AI improves the processes of language learning through personalized learning experiences, interactive practice, and automated assessment. AI can be used to create diverse learning materials and immersive experiences that align with the principles of Education 4.0. When used correctly, AI can bring numerous benefits to language learning, such as increased efficiency, greater student engagement in the teaching-learning process, and the accessibility of content from anywhere and on any device. Additionally, it emphasizes the need to adopt Education 4.0 accompanied by the development of content that equips students with the necessary skills in the digital age. The article also highlights the importance of integrating AI and Education 4.0 in language learning to promote critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and digital literacy.

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ASPECTS CONCERNING THE EMPLOYED PERSONS WITH ICT EDUCATION IN EU COUNTRIES

Author(s): Cristina Antonoaie / Language(s): English Issue: 18/2023

Nowadays is mandatory to have at least a basic ICT education in order to perform adequately at your workplace. In this paper we have analyzed the situation of the employed persons with ICT education in EU countries enterprises. The ICT education statistics are part of the ICT training domain, which is one of the domains in the wider concept of Digital skills. ICT education indicators are based on the EU Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) microdata.

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De la fungi la inteligență artificială: sabia cu două tăișuri a tehnologiei în dezvoltarea supersoldaților

Author(s): Gabriela Florina NICOARĂ,Alex-Giulian COROI / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 02/2023

This article entails a study of the methods for developing humans’ capabilities to increase success rates during military conflicts. Hence, this scientific work encompasses a retrospective of the methods from antiquity by Sumerian, Viking, Greek, and Roman fighters, as well as a contemporary and prospective view of the methods of augmenting soldiers into “supersoldiers”. Whether we refer to the first stage and initial attempts at developing soldier capabilities through mushrooms, alcohol, amphetamines, or to the revolutionary phase of this field through the involvement of technology, all these methods represent a „double-edged sword”. This is because it involves, besides benefits, a series of ethical and legal concerns. Nevertheless, the article pledges the solution of augmenting soldiers and reinforcing troops, while simultaneously upholding ethical and legal norms.

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Konšpiračné teórie – základné teoretické východiská

Author(s): Radoslav Ivančík / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2022

Conspiracy theories – the belief that many significant events are secretly manipulated behind the scenes by powerful forces – exist in all societies. However, in recent years, their influence and popularity have been steadily increasing, especially with the rapid increase in the number of fake news and disinformation shared with the use of modern information and communication technologies in cyberspace. Some conspiracy theories can be harmless fun or a manifestation of some legitimate scepticism. However, some of them can be very dangerous, leading to a loss of confidence in medical, scientific, and specialized expertise, political non-involvement and even violence in some cases. This is one of the reasons why conspiracy theories are a major challenge for human society today, and the reason why the author of this article deals with them in his interdisciplinary research.

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Evaluating the experience of working from home

Author(s): Kateřina Konarská,Miluše Balková,Iva Klementová / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The study deals with the issue of employment in the form of home-office (working from home) and its impact on the lives of employees. The objective of this study was to assess diverse experience with working from home, to analyse employee satisfaction and effectiveness before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results show that the biggest problem related to working from home is inappropriate working space and equipment or lack of personal contact, which most affects the effectiveness of work.

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Determining social and economic ways for Ukrainian regional policy

Author(s): Ievgen Buriak / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The article deals with the items and problems of using the information that creates the only global information space in the conditions of ensuring sustainable regional development. It was defined that the disunity and the high intense of the information interaction processes needs to be provided by effective communication between the regional and local authorities, enterprises and the community. The obstacles to the development of partnership of social relations with the community of the city were defined in the article. The expectations about improvement of the social policy of the region and social relations with the community of the city were analyzed. The formation of a positive image among the population largely depends on the rational creation and functioning of a regional communication service.

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The New Real as the New Order of the Virtual and Hyperreal Existence

Author(s): Iva Šokičić / Language(s): English Issue: 01+02/2023

The essay is an innovative and original reflection of the problematics of the new virtual social reality and sexuality as re-instating and reinventing the real as the “New Real”, written in Baudrillard’s terminology, inspired by his works Seduction, Simulacra and Simulation and The Transparency of Evil, Essays on Extreme Phenomena for rethinking and deconstructing theories of social relationships, the philosophy of the postmodern society and sexuality in terms of simulation and hyperreality with significant references to Lacan’s conceptual system in his seminars “Love and the Signifier” in his Seminar XX. The interpretation of the “new reality”, the real and the hyperreal will make significant comparisons of Baudrillard and Lacan, referring to similar concepts, but understood and illustrated in a different context of Baudrillard’s philosophy of the postmodern and post-social state, simulations and technological virtual life and Lacan’s psychoanalytical hermeneutics of social and sexual relationships between signifiers. Theories and references studied and elaborated are used to provide and elaborate the idea and thesis of deconstruction of social and sexual relations in the “new order”, known as the “New Normal”, equivalently named the “New Real”, which signifies the “Real” in both Lacan’s, but primarily Baudrillard’s sense. The main focus is on the phenomenon of Internet interaction, its simulated reality, hyperreal lives formed by illusions of personal and interpersonal omnipresence, conceptualizing and designing social and sexual relations in virtual communication. In the current age, it is impossible to imagine the totality of life, consisted of work, entertainment, social contacts and sexuality without technology and virtual communication and relations as the only way of living and interacting with others. Virtual reality inevitable not only implies but impose virtual interpersonal social and sexual relations as social interaction via the screen, visual and auditive socializing and relationships, without experiencing the live visage or a touch of another person.

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From mushrooms to artificial intelligence: technology’s double-edges sword in enhancing soldiers

Author(s): Alex-Giulian COROI,Gabriela Florina NICOARĂ / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2023

This article entails a study of the methods for developing humans’ capabilities to increase success rates during military conflicts. Hence, this scientific work encompasses a retrospective of the methods from antiquity by Sumerian, Viking, Greek, and Roman fighters, as well as a contemporary and prospective view of the methods of augmenting soldiers into “super soldiers”. Whether we refer to the first stage and initial attempts at developing soldier capabilities through mushrooms, alcohol, amphetamines, or to the revolutionary phase of this field through the involvement of technology, all these methods represent a „double-edged sword”. This is because it involves, besides benefits, a series of ethical and legal concerns. Nevertheless, the article pledges the solution of augmenting soldiers and reinforcing troops, while simultaneously upholding ethical and legal norms.

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Преглед на публикационните политики на водещи издателства в Европа и Америка във връзка с използването на технологии, подпомагани от изкуствен интелект

Author(s): Marieta Hristova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The objective of this paper is to review existing editorial, publishing, and publication policies in the field of academic publishing powered by AI technologies as part of publishing ethics. The research question is to clarify the publishing industry’s response to this challenge. The object of research is the use of AI-assisted technologies and especially ChatGPT in the process of publishing and creating academic texts. The object of the study is the publisher’s policy towards the use of AI-assisted technologies. In summary, the main question discussed as to whether a chatbot or an AI-assisted technology can (co-) author a publication is answered negatively, as a chatbot cannot meet the authorship criteria because it cannot be responsible for the content and credibility of the text it creates.

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