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The first translation of sonnet in Belarusian literary tradition is discussed. The author of the article analyzes the translation of Francesco Petrarch’s Sonnet 138 made by Meletius Smotrytsky (into Latin and Polish). Contrastive analysis of the translations made by Krzysztof Kraiński ( into Latin and Polish), Yuriy Vierkhovskiy (into Russian), Uladzimir Skarynkin (into Belarusian) is suggested. Mutual and contrastive features as well as manipulation in semantic content of the original text have been revealed. Translators (as a result of self-censorship and censorship) achieve an effect of propaganda of their opinions and opinions of others using nuances in the semantics of synonymous expressions, hyperbolization and accent positioning. Authors’ images, reflections and stylistics have been eliminated.
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The article deals with the main procedures and strategy of the Belarusian Protestant of the 2nd half of the 16 century Basil Tyapinsky for the translation into the Old Belarusian language of verbs from the Old Church Slavic Gospel which served to his as the original. It is concluded that Tyapinsky predominately preserved the morphemic structure of verbal lexicon, therefore his translation reminds a sinonimization or a variation of its original. Evidently it reflects a process on formation of written Old Belarusian language.
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The author analyzes the problems of translation archival documents written in German, which comprise a large part of the holdings of archives is in Vojvodina. Work in any case not the norm for the processing of documents in German language, but one of the documents related to the problems faced by archivists in working with archival material written German Gothic script.
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The article is devoted to the interpretation of cultural elements in the audiovisual translation of Wesele by Andrzej Wajda and their reception by the French viewer. The choice of the film was dictated by its strong rootedness in Polish culture. The analysis of the film translation makes it possible to group the cultural elements into several categories. In each case, we try to clarify how the analyzed scenes are understood by the French viewer. This analysis leads to the conclusion, that most of the cultural elements in Wesele remain incomprehensible. Although the role of non-verbal code (picture, music) is to explain and to complete verbal code (subtitles), this function is not completely fulfilled in the case of Wajda’s movie. Many scenes, especially images lacking words, do not induce any cultural associations amongst French viewers, which may be caused by their lack of contact with Polish culture. The film may, however, provide a lot of information about Polishness, which is its advantage.
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“Multilingualism” is regarded as the ability of communities, groups and individuals to use more than one language on a regular basis in their daily activities, the way to unite “rich in diversity” Europe. ICT can make any necessary information available and accessible, help eliminate language barriers. The European Commission is developing 30 research and innovation projects of language technology which purpose is to help Internet users to get access to the information in their native languages. These projects include the protection of minor languages, the promotion of sign languages, the development of translation technologies.
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This paper constitutes an attempt to assess English equivalents of the Polish terms “pełnomocnictwo rodzajowe” and “pełnomocnictwo szczególne” suggested in four most popular bilingual specialist dictionaries. The English equivalents discussed include: “special proxy”, “special authority” and “special power”. In order to conduct a thorough assessment of the suggested equivalents, the definitions of the Polish terms and their English equivalents presented in English monolingual legal dictionaries have been analysed. Moreover, the study aims to verify whether or not the suggested equivalents occur in the texts of the British sources of law. Finally, translation techniques applied while forming English equivalents under discussion are identified.
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The first Russian translation of four letters of Erasmus and his English friend J. Kolet (1512—1513) is offered. Translators propose a number of new interpretations of the epistolary data, allowing to correct dating and chronology of events from the life of authors of messages. Materials of correspondence give the chance to plunge into everyday life of the Renaissance intelligentsia, to recreate an intellectual and social context in which great works of both respondents were carried out, to observe their characters and relationship.
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In this article, we compare the basic principles that underlie five complete Russian translations of the Qur’an, made during the 20th century. We reveal that: 1) the translation by I.Yu. Krachkovskii is characterized by philological accuracy and the compliance with the historical epoch, and it has preserved its value up to our days; 2) M.-N.O. Osmanov sought the clarity of the text of the Muslim Holy Book; 3) B.Ya. Shidfar tried to exactly convey not only the factual side of the Qur’an but also its artistic features; 4) the versifications by V.M. Porokhova and T.A. Shumovskii distort the text of the Qur’an from all points of view. In conclusion we present five translations of Surah 101 “Al-Qari'a”.
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The paper is aimed to reflect modern ideas about the medieval Persian-language epistles ( risala ) composed by Imam al-Ghazali (d. 505/1111) in the genre of the mirrors for princes. The paper consists of two parts. The first part deals with the historical and textual analysis of al-Ghazali’s Nasihat al-Muluk (Counsel for Kings) and considers the problem of authenticity of its so-called “second part”. It is clearly demonstrated that this part was not written by Imam al-Ghazali, but was added to the authentic text by a medieval falsifier.
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A Review of B.Ya. Shidfar’s Translation of the Qur’an Коран / Пер. с араб. Б.Я. Шидфар. – М.: ИД Марджани, 2013. – 608 с. В ряду переводов Корана на русском языке особое место занимает перевод, подго-товленный Б.Я. Шидфар. Данный перевод не был закончен, он представляет собой архив-ный материал. Рецензия посвящена анализу издания, подготовленного Издательским домом «Марджани». Рассказывается о непростом пути к читателю рецензируемой книги. Перевод Б.Я. Шидфар сравнивается с другими русскими переводами Корана, изданными за последние два десятилетия.
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The article makes an attempt to reveal features of military translators’ structure formation in the conditions of the Great Patriotic War and the involvement of the civil intelligentsia in military and translation activity. Resting on materials of memoirs heritage of military translators the article investigates the aspects of preparation, everyday life in the army, and the main employment of military translators. Revealed is the degree of influence of translation activity on formation of the identity of the studied representatives of the military intelligentsia, analyzed are moral, ethical and value characteristics of the military intelligentsia member and their representation in the sphere of military translators' activity.
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The paper analyzes the paremiological units represented in Benjamin Franklin’s work “Poor Richard’s Almanac”, which do not have their full or partial equivalents in the Russian language. As a result of the scrupulous comparative analysis of paremiological analogues in the two languages, it was ascertained that the absence of equivalents in most cases witnesses for the difference between the two cultures, associated with the peculiarities of the historical development of the two nations. It is revealed that paremiological units may appear only on the basis of those images that have long been familiar to the native speakers of a language. The article explains the reasons for the lack of Russian equivalents for some of the paremiological units of American English.
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The article discusses representation of a third culture in translation: it compares the image of Gdańsk as a city with strong German cultural presence, presented in Stefan Chwin’s novel Hanemann, with the same image in Ksenia Starosielska’s Russian translation of the novel. The image of the old Danzig in Chwin’s work consists of linguistic allusions and references to German literature: interpolations, German proper names, realities from early decades of the 20th century, and the figure of Heinrich von Kleist. Some elements of language and notions in the novel could seem more distant for a R ussian reader than for a Polish one. The present author considers, thus, if and how reality and topography of the city have been presented to secondary receipients. The article focuses on the translator’s strategy of approach to a third culture, reflected both in translator’s choices in the main text, as well as the number and formulation of footnotes. Because images of places in text are also created by non-verbal means, the graphical paratexts are also interesting for the discussion. The transformations are discussed in terms of refraction, which leads to conclusions about the role of the analyzed translation in its target culture.
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