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Znaczenie racjonalnego żywienia w optymalizacji jakości życia osób rekreacyjnie uprawiających bieganie

Author(s): Małgorzata Miśniakiewicz,Bernadetta Hebda / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The number of recreational runners in Poland steadily grows in recent times. The article presents the specifics of runners’ nutrition and the results of own research aimed at analyzing the eating habits of amateur runners. The amount and regularity of consumed meals, preferred types of foodstuffs, methods and degree of organism watering and culinary techniques most commonly used in the meals preparation were determined. Based on the collected data the analysis of runners’ nutrition before training/competition and after it was completed.The main sources of knowledge on rational nutrition and runners’ attitude towards dietary supplementation were determined. It was possible to identify the inﬂuence of nutrition on the subjective feeling of runners’ quality of life and organism effort capacity. It was indicated that runners feeding rationally demonstrate a greater level of complacency and draw from running more satisfaction than those who do not attach more attention to this issue. The subjective perception of their conditions also improves. Runners regardless of the phase of exercise drink too little ﬂuid and consume too little dairy products, eggs, fruits and vegetables. To a limited extent they use sports supplementation of the diet. Female runners pay to nutrition issue more attention than men and make more informed food choices.

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Futbol i filozofia prawa: gra albo kaprys sędziego

Author(s): Michał Sopiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 77/2018

The aim of this paper is to illustrate the analogy of law and game on the example of selected problems of contemporary theory and philosophy of law. The frames of this text are determined by the metaphor of the game, and in particular by the reference to football, because football has the feature of universality in the modern world. In the context of the relationship between the law and the game, the basic assumptions of the concept of H. L. A. Hart, R. Dworkin, A. Marmor, A. Hutchinson, J. Searle are introduced. Above all, however, the use of the metaphor of the game by H. L. A. Hart in „Concept of Law” is being described. Particular emphasis is placed on discussing the distinction he made between the game according to the rules and the game of „scorer’s discretion”. Considerations regarding this problem are supplemented with examples from the world of football.

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Tenis ziemny w przestrzeni Warszawy

Author(s): Magdalena Fuhrmann / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2020

Tennis is one of the sports that is considered as an elite activity. The development of Warsaw’s recreational spaces has led to the popularization of this discipline, to a change in its image and increased accessibility. The aim of the article is to show the development of tennis in Warsaw. The article uses statistical data from the Statistical Office in Warsaw and data concerning the organization of tennis tournaments in the city.

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AVANTAJELE UTILIZĂRII PENTATLONULUI MILITAR ÎN PREGĂTIREA PENTRU LUPTĂ A MILITARILOR

Author(s): George-Florin Băițan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 03/2021

The contemporary operational environment in which the military carries out its military actions is a complex one and, therefore, requires the completion of an effective training program, a process of continuous education of the physical qualities and motor skills indispensable to the fighters. Therefore, the use of specific and associated means of sports training, customized according to the specific content of the military pentathlon, becomes extremely useful, because it has the role of improving the skills of the military and achieving maximum performance through them. Since its inception, the military pentathlon has been designed to help increase the level of physical training of the military and to capitalize on their ability to perform, a competition that was specifically related to physical, mental, intellectual, practical, creative abilities and leadership required of the military on the battlefield.

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THE ADVANTAGES OF USING THE MILITARY PENTATHLON IN PREPARATION FOR MILITARY COMBAT

Author(s): George-Florin Băiţan / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2021

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TRANSLATING THE FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENTS OF THE MILITARY INTO SPECIFIC CrossFit TRAINING

Author(s): George-Florin Băițan / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2021

CrossFit is a branded physical training program that is ”extensive, general, and comprehensive”, including a series of exercises and workouts with increasing intensity, which can be an effective form of exercise for military personnel seeking a various training routine. Based on the biomechanics of the human body translated into functional movements and exercises, which allow the daily tasks to be performed efficiently, constantly varied and performed at a high intensity, CrossFit can also have positive mental and emotional effects, raising the level of certainty of the military in relation to their own abilities, capabilities and judgments. CrossFit means a lot more than just pulling the strings in the gym, it’s a great way to get in shape, gain muscle mass or lose weight, and live a healthy lifestyle. The CrossFit community is well known for its close relationships with its members, for promoting patriotism, and for supporting the local community and military veterans, working hard in a variety of ways to uphold these values.

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PLYOMETRICS AND CALISTHENICS ‒ PHYSICAL TRAINING METHODS SPECIFIC TO THE PHYSICAL TRAINING OF THE MILITARY

Author(s): George-Florin Băițan / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2021

The physical training of the military must be extremely hard, as it is a support for military training programs. Moreover, he must prepare the military to deal with any situation they may encounter on the battlefield: from climbing a 3-meter-high wall under enemy fire to running on the varied ground, with a 30 kg backpack and individual weapons in his hands. In addition, maintaining or improving the physical performance of professional military personnel in various military settings is crucial to general military training. When we start a military-specific training program, we are confident that we are on the fastest track to serious results. The military will become stronger, with great physical strength, having a robust and harmonious physical constitution. In this article, we will briefly present two of the physical training methods specific to military training (plyometrics and calisthenics), which military physical education specialists should use on a permanent basis, so that fighters reach a higher level of physical training.

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Dilemma of Top Athletes in Choosing Their Studies

Author(s): Mateja Gorenc,Mojca Braz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Purpose: The purpose of the research was to determine whether satisfaction with the choice of studies of top Slovenian athletes affects sports performance and whether the sports performance affects the study performance. Study design/methodology/approach: We surveyed 112 top Slovenian athletes. The data used in the quantitative survey was based on a selected sample of top athletes, primarily members of the SLO Olympic Team. We used linear multiple regression analysis (the Enter method so that all of the selected variables were included in the model simultaneously. The Enter method shows us all of the variables in the results, even if their influence is not statistically significant). From each factor, we obtained the average value of the responses, which were processed with Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression analysis. We measured the Study performance and the Sports performance with the Likert scale from 1 to 5. Findings: We found from the research that if a top athlete is satisfied with the choice of studies, the study performance (linear, positive, and high correlation) will consequently increase. We also found that if the performance in sports increases, this results in a decrease in the study performance (linear, negative, and low correlation). Originality/value: The conducted research determined the success factors of dual careers of top Slovenian athletes because so far, there has been little research focusing on the factors related to the successful outside–of–sports (Academic) careers of athletes.

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Sport lokalny w mediach regionalnych

Author(s): Beata Grochala / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2021

Regional media have numerous functions (e.g. informative, opinion-forming, integrating) towards the local community. It is owing to them that the inhabitants of a given area acquire knowledge about current events from all areas of life in the regional dimension. Sport is a special sphere – information about competitions at the regional level appears only in local media. The article analyses the contents of two Lodz-based media – namely printed press and television – in terms of the presence of information about local sports competitions.

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Inovatívny test Karate Agality v kumite

Author(s): Monika Czaková / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

According to two competitive disciplines in karate, there is necessary to use the specific type of a training load. One of the most complex training load is agility. To develop the special karate agility test for kumite, we need to know the content of kumite elements. The paper presents the innovative karate agility test for kumite, which has 10 exercises that participants go through to complete it. The track of this agility test is designed for cadet´s, junior´s and senior´s kumite categories.

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Analysis of Connectedness to Nature of Individuals Who Do Physical Activity at Outdoors

Author(s): Övünç Erdeveciler,Velittin Balci,Serap Aktaş,Erdem Çakaloğlu / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

The concept of Connectedness to Nature, which has been frequently mentioned in recent years and is the most important milestone for sustainable understanding, has become the focus of various disciplines and fields of study. In this context, our study aims to contribute to the literature that will form a basis for the relationship between nature and sports by measuring the dependence of individuals who do the physical activity outdoors. The sample group of the study consists of 241 participants who come to do sports on certain days of the week in Ankara. "Connectedness to Nature Scale" adapted to Turkish by Bektaş, Kural, and Orçan, (2017) was used to determine the level of commitment to nature of the participants. The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient for the whole of the scale was found to be 88, and t-test and variance analysis methods were used to determine the dependency of the participants to nature according to their demographic information. The participants were examined, it was found that 34.9% were women and 65.1% were men. When their dependence on nature according to gender is examined, no statistically significant difference was found (t = -, 446 p> .05). When the frequency of physical activity of the participants is evaluated, doing physical activity continuously creates a positive effect on the connectedness to nature. As a result, as the amount of physical activities increases in open areas, the connectedness to nature will increase.

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Yıldız Bisikletçilerin Antropometrik Özellikleri İle Kuvvet Değerleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Esra Kürkcü Akgönül,Ulaş Can Yıldırım / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2021

In this study, it was aimed to examine the body composition, anthropometric and strength parameters of level cadet male cyclists at the national team level and to evaluate the relationship between the body composition, anthropometric and strength parameters. A total of 28 cadet male cyclists (age: 14.92±0.76, height:170,52±5.54, weight:60.47±5.59) participated in the study. Anthropometric characteristics of the subjects; height, body weight, body fat percentage, body mass index, skinfold thickness were measured, body fat percentage was determined using the “Yuhasz” formula, and motoric characteristics such as right and left handgrip strength, back strength and leg strength were measured. The analysis of the data was made in the SPSS statistical program and evaluated with the Pearson Correlation test. The result of the study, body fat percentage (8.949±1,104) and body mass index (20,786±1.555) were found. It was determined that the right handgrip strength (42,553±5,862), left handgrip strength (40.535±5,864), back strength (119,839±15,442) and leg strength (134,125±21,833) of the cadet cyclists were found. In addition, when the difference between handgrip strengths of the cyclists was examined, it was seen that the right hand was dominant. While there was a significant and positive correlation between body weight and right & left handgrip strength and back strength (r=0.478, p=0.01; r=0.405, p=0.032; r=0.409, p=0.031); it was determined that there was no correlation between body weight and leg strength (p>0.05). In addition, while there was an average significant and positive correlation was found between body mass index and only right handgrip strength (r=0.417, p=0.027), it was found that there was no significant correlation between age, height, fat ratio and strength parameters (p>0.05). As a result; this study showed that cadet cyclists have good hand grip, back and leg strength, and there is a significant correlation only between body weight and handgrip strength values, among the anthropometric characteristics. However, it was determined that there was no significant correlation between and anthropometric characteristics and leg strength, which is important for cyclists.

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Maksimum Oksijen Kapasitesinin Belirlenmesinde Kullanılan Aralıklı Dayanıklılık Testlerinden Yo-Yo Aralıklı Toparlanma Testi (Seviye 1) ve 30-15 IFT’nin Formüllerinin Güvenilirliğinin Değerlendirilmesi

Author(s): Nurettin Ersin Uzun,Tuba Kizilet Bozdoğan,Ali Kızılet / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2021

For athletes to perform high-intensity movements with high quality, anaerobic endurance must be developed in order to repeat these movements one after the other with the same quality and without fatigue. Aerobic and anaerobic endurance characteristics should be followed by using tests suitable for the requirements and structure of the sports branch before and during the season. The aim of this study is to determine the maximal oxygen consumption (MaxVo2) with indirect MaxVo2 values obtained with the help of formulas from "Yo-yo Intermittent Recovery Test (level 1) (YATT1)" and "30- 15 Intermittent Endurance Test (30-15 IFT)". The purpose of this study is to compare the direct MaxVo2 value determined by using an oxygen analyzer in these tests and to examine the reliability of the formulas. The sample group of the study consists of 12 male athletes with an average age of 21.7 ± 1.2 who play futsal and badminton licensed in Marmara University Faculty of Sports Sciences. MaxVo2 values of the athletes were determined indirectly by putting the test result into the test formula, and directly by the oxygen analyzer on the athletes during the test. According to the results of the study, a correlation was determined between direct and indirect measurement methods according to the results of the correlation test of the data obtained from YATT1 and 30-15 IFT (respectively; 828**, p=0.001 and 816** p=0.001). According to the results of the co-sample t-test performed for the measurement methods themselves, a statistically significant difference was found between the two measurement methods (p= 0.002 and p=0.019, respectively). Finally, while there was no statistically significant difference between direct measurements of YATT1 and 30-15 IFT (p=.454), a statistically significant difference was found between indirect measurements (p=0.002). According to the results of the study, it is appropriate to use both direct and indirect measurement methods of YATT1 or 30-15 IFT tests, considering the sport-specific features, in determining MaxVo2.

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Examination of the Effect of Different Warm-Up Protocols on Speed and Vertical Jump Performance in Child Soccer Players

Author(s): Mihri Barış Karavelioğlu,Gizem Başkaya,Batıkan Karavelioğlu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dynamic and static warm-up exercises on speed and vertical jump performance in children. The ages of 22 licensed male athletes playing soccer voluntarily participated in the study are 11.77±.429 years; their heights are 145.27±7.382 cm; and their body weights are 36.00±5.050 kg. Three different warm-up protocols were applied to the participants at an interval of 48 hours. The warm-up protocol is designed as dynamic exercises (Method A), static exercises (Method B), and jogging (Method C). The participants' 30m long speed and vertical jump measurements were taken after each warm-up protocol. SPSS v24 software was used for statistical analysis. Effects of warming up methods on 30m speed and vertical jump values were examined by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Among significant relationships, post-hoc comparisons were continued with Tukey HSD and the significance level was accepted as p<0.05. As a result, it was revealed that dynamic warm-up causes a significant increase in speed and vertical jump performances, while static stretching model and jogging warm-ups do not significantly affect performance.

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Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenlerinin Eğitsel Oyun Oynatma Becerilerinin Belirlenmesi

Author(s): İsmail Polatcan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 14/2021

This research was conducted to demonstrate the educational game-playing skills of physical education and sports teachers, in line with their opinions according to dependent and independent variables. “Educational Game Playing Skill Observation Scale” (EGPSOS) developed by Akcınar (2018) was used. The EGPSO Scale consists of 5 sub-dimensions and 30 items. The sample group of the study was composed of 397 physical education and sports teachers, and the data obtained were primarily analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 software. Independent sample T-Test and One-Way ANOVA tests were used for the analysis of the data obtained from the participants. In the analyzes made as a result of the research, a significant difference was found in the variables of service period and age of the teachers; no difference was found in the other variables. "Pearson's correlation analysis" was conducted in order to identify the level and the direction of relationships between variables. In the correlation analysis, it was observed that the strongest correlation was found between “(EGPSOS)” and the preparatory phase sub-dimension (r= 0.979; p< 0.05) in the positive direction and at a very high level. As a result of the research, it was considered that there was a decrease in educational game playing skills as the service period of teachers increased.

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Specific Adaptations to the Performance Judoka

Author(s): Laurenţiu Bocioacă / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The strong link between physiological adaptations of Romanian judo athletes who are preparing for high performance and the technical skills of the athletes, is often difficult to determine and assess. Judo is a sport in which strategy and technique are dominant in obtaining performance, while the physiological characteristics and their parameters form the basis on which the judoka athlete builds his technical performance and individual tactics. The research subjects are components of judo Olympic teams from Romania, male and female. Methods of assessing anaerobic and aerobic exercise capacity are used. The research results on the effects of adaptive anaerobic efforts capacity allow emphasizing the ability on short, intensive, but with maximum expression of muscle strength, for this type of sport. The papers conclusions demonstrate the importance of adaptive effects that occur in the athletes who were investigated, regarding the efforts of anaerobic and aerobic effort capacity as an effect of intense training, specific for competitive strain, during a judo match, especially during overtime training in those cases where the final decision was not taken in regular time - five minutes. Top Romanian judoka athletes, are characterized by high values of muscular strength and power, especially in the superior parts of the body (Nurkić et al., 2009). Ideally, the judoka athletes should maintain an optimal ratio between physical preparation and technique, through an optimal combination of technical and physical shape. Maintaining the optimal ratio between the trainings components and the physical preparation, ensures the most effective outcomes for obtaining high performance.

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POSSIBILITIES OF COMPLEX OBJECTIVATION OF TECHNICAL ELEMENTS COMBINATION FROM MARTIAL ARTS WITH THE HELP OF MVN XSENS

Author(s): Robert Deliu,Marius Stoica,Adina Andreea Dreve / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2021

The wish to have a training program as efficient as possible appeared both by practicing sports, but especially by coaching, after gathering knowledge by graduating higher studies in the physical education and sports field. Knowing the Romanian kickboxing trainings level, we considered that by using modern technology applicable to motor activities, we can try to bring an improvement to the discipline and possible with an impact to the other martial arts (training, selection). The National Research Institute for Sport, with more than 50 years of experience in research in the sports field and in supporting the national teams by offering scientific assistance, having such equipment and a remarkable benevolence, was willing to help such plan like this. After analyzing the initial idea, was chosen a measuring instrument adequate for this study: Xsens MVN. Xsens MVN consists of hardware and software, each adapting to user requirements. The hardware used in the studio was the wireless version, MVN Link. There are 17 motion tracking sensors containing 3D gyroscopes, accelerometers and 3D magnetometers. The software part is the key element of the MVN. With the information received from sensors correlated with the algorithms and models mentioned above, it builds an avatar of the subject in a 3D system and allowing to track speeds and the positions in space of the sensors. Through this study we wished to link the methodical indications from the specialty literature and concrete technical executions, proving that the biomechanics elements can be objectively evaluated. We chose some of the most used kickboxing techniques and planned to monitor them with our equipment in order to objectify them and extract information useful for trainings. Likewise, the research is meant to be a step for future studies, even in other sports disciplines and to encourage the use of technology in sports training.

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THE ANALYSIS OF THE PLANTAR PRESSURE IN THE GIANT SLALOM TURN IN THE HIGH PERFORMANCE ALPINE SKIING

Author(s): Nicoleta Leonte,Iancu Răchita,Ofelia Popescu,Teodora Wesselly / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

The specific bypass of the giant slalom in the high-performance alpine skiing is characterized by specific movements of pivoting the inner ski, by advancing the trunk forwards and by a sharp turn. As the speed increases, the centrifugal force is higher, and the skier will activate a control of the pressure of the external ski, giving him the possibility of steering the bypass. The plantar pressure exerted by the skier during the turns steering becomes extremely important, being a determining factor in improving the control over the edges. The purpose of the research is to identify the main mistakes during the turn and to make the preparation more efficient by identifying the ideal route. The constatative research is a descriptive case study that used a single subject, a member of the national group of alpine skiing. The research was conducted during the preparatory period (November, 2018), in Austria. The evaluation was carried out through the Pedar X analysis system, which adds to the kinematic analysis data regarding the distribution of pressures at the foot plant level, information that is particularly useful in assessing the dynamics of the movement. This evaluation system allowed us to observe, in real time, the distribution of the plantar pressures and the forces exerted by the athlete in the most difficult area of the route. The results obtained emphasized the need to improve the technical training, focusing on the equal distribution of plantar pressure on both feet near the gate.

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PERFORMANCE IN SPORTS AND ART. THE BEGINNINGS

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PERFORMANCE IN SPORTS AND ART. THE BEGINNINGS

Author(s): Ana-Cristina Leșe,Raluca Minea / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2022

The topic we are referring to has been debated on various occasions, but our approach aims on one hand the importance of physical exercises and their impact on a category of students, namely those in higher art education system, and on the other hand brings to attention some age-related changes, namely the succession of forms corresponding to the functional changes in time of our body. The period of evolution within this context corresponds to the growth stage up to 20 years. The growth and development of the musculoskeletal system in length, width and depth alternate according to a specific rhythm that allows periods of division. Thus, there are periods of growth in human life, mainly in terms of width and periods of growth in height, which alternate once at 3 or 4 years. Seeveral chronicles and statistics prove that young people’s body with good physical condition has withstood the hardships of life in a much higher ratio than those who are not in fit. We know very well that a harmonious body is a preventative medicine against diseases and a body accustomed to physical exercises gives teenagers an extra dose of protection. According to the American Heart Association, physical inactivity increases the risk of stroke and amplifies other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as: obesity, high blood pressure, LDL cholesterol ("bad") and diabetes. This topic is all the more important as it’s about student artists who face certain problems related to the development of the human body under the conditions imposed by a profession, many of them being forced to adopt certain body positions for a long time either in front of the easel or with the violin in their hand, or on scaffolding, on mural or restoration sites. In fact, we have raised these issues in other articles and also at some symposium communications. We want to contribute to the training of young artists through the recommendations and programs provided in anatomy and sports culture so that this information is understandable and, at the same time, becomes a decision-maker in psycho-physical and, implicitly, in professional development.

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ORIENTAREA ‒ O DISCIPLINĂ SPORTIVĂ NECESARĂ PENTRU INSTRUIREA MILITARILOR

Author(s): George-Florin Băițan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 01/2022

Today, the complexity of tactical operations and deployments is such that the body is essential for all military personnel, who must be able to interpret a map and be able to use a compass to move quickly and efficiently on the battlefield. Orienteering can be used to develop many of the qualities that are essential to a loyal, dignified, and honest military man. Finding your way to your destination gives you the guidance you need to navigate a complex and rugged terrain, while moving fast, combining orienteering skills and aerobic exercise capacity. To be competitive at this level, he must train regularly, not only to increase motor skills (such as speed and endurance), but also to acquire cognitive (mental) skills. Soldiers who engage in specific physical activity benefit from an increase in cardiovascular capacity, power, and energy that allow them to sustain physical or mental exertion for long periods of time, builds a certain level of self-awareness and develops a sense of team cohesion.

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