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Potencjał kooperacji turystycznej i piłkarskiej w państwach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej

Author(s): Mateusz Rafał,Dominik Borek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

This article takes up the innovatory subject of cooperation in the field of football and the tourism sector by the Visegrad Group states. The subject matter of this study has not been widely discussed in the literature, hence most of de lege ferenda postulates are open to further discussion. The current Visegrad Group was created as a political project, not an evolutionary social initiative. This does not mean, however, that the societies of its member states are significantly different from each other, and the structure itself is exotic. The benefits of an extended cooperation, which seems not to have an alternative, for all the participants are fully understood. Therefore, the direction of common thinking about maximizing profits in the developing sector of tourism, and making the most of the social potential of football, can be an attractive platform for international dialogue and extended cooperation among the V4 countries. The baggage of history, geographic and cultural proximity, the migration crisis, as well as the imperialist policy of the neighbouring Russia effectively motivate to strengthen cooperation and create stronger mechanisms with each other. It is indisputable that the tendencies for cooperation in the Visegrad countries are not a novelty.

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Evaluation of some physical fitness characteristics in 11-13 years old

Author(s): Ileana Monica Popovici,Lucian Popescu,Liliana-Elisabeta Radu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Many studies indicate that a physical fitness characteristic is an important marker for healthy body and healthy mind. The major purpose of this study is to explore the levels of physical fitness of the students between 11 and 13 years of age. The participants of this study are 251 volunteer students including 95 boys and 156 girls between the ages 11 and 13 who participated at physical education lessons two times a week. The students were assessed for six anthropometric characteristics and five physical tests. Mean, standard deviation, and multiple comparisons were used for statistical analyses to find out differences between sexes with ANOVA, and Bonferoni Tests for differences between ages. Anthropometric measurements were reported as body mass index, height, weight, arm span, waist and hip and physical fitness traits such as agility, balance and strength. The findings suggest some differences between female and male students and between ages; male participants obtained higher results as means compared to female participants.

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The study of the impacts of 'Running' on the contact area of soles and maximal strength among elite middle distance runners

Author(s): Latif Aydos,Metin Kaya,Mehmet Fatih Yuksel,Hacı Ahmet Pekel,Ahmet Uzun / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

It is possible that running training for many years in athletics affects athletes' running patterns and sole structure. The main aim of this study is to examine the effect of maximal force applied to the floor area and contact area of the athletes with related to mid-distance training for athletics. 18 male athletes who represent Turkey on the International area and another 25 male volunteers who form the control group from the participants of the study. The sole pressure measurement of the participants was performed through the use of EMED-SF (Novel H, Munich, Germany) plantar pressure analysis system (pedobarographic analysis). In the study, significant differences were found in heel medial, heel lateral, foot middle, 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatars heads and left foot 3rd, 4th, 5th finger in the contact area values of the right and left foot averages. Besides, significant differences were found in heel medial, middle part of feet, 2nd and 3rd metatars heads and 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th fingers in maximal force values. Athletes have pressed on sole of the feet more as a result of long-term training and as a consequence this pressure caused a change of the soles contact area and maximal strength. Also it can be said that they have used forefront part of soles more actively during running and walking

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Students’ and teachers’opinions about ski lessons taught by using peer teaching model

Author(s): Ayşe Feray Özbal,Tolga Eski / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The aim of this study is to determine students’ and teachers’ opinions about the ski lessons in which peer teaching model is used. The participants of the study were 12 students as ‘peer teachers’, 16 students as ‘peer learners’ and one academician teaching skiing at a university. The participation was on a voluntary basis. Qualitative research method is used in the research and the data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, and the learner diaries also provided supplementary data. The data obtained were analysed by using content analysis method. The findings revealed that peer teachers improved their teaching and communication skills, and peer learners communicated more comfortably while improving their skills and their questions were answered more effectively. In addition, the analysis of the data obtained from the academician revealed that the time was used more efficiently in ski lessons, and the classroom was managed more easily, so there were more opportunities and time for practice.

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Investigation of students’ level of leadership and creativity studying at the School of Physical Education and Sports

Author(s): Burcu Tasdugen,Murat Tekin,Merve Nur Kaya,Hacı Mehmet Gunel / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The aim of the study is to investigate students’ level of leadership and creativity studying at the School of Physical Education and Sports. The research group was made up of 115 females and 85 males, 200 in total, studying at the Physical Education and Sports School of Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University. To achieve the purpose of the research, ‘A Scale of Achievement Leadership’ and ‘Adaptation-Innovation Inventory (KAI)’ were applied to the students who were participated in the research. In the analysis and assessment of the data, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, t-test and one-way ANOVA test were used, and the significance was taken as p < 0.05. In the evaluation of the data and the determination of the calculated values, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences package program was used. At the end of the study, it is revealed that it is important to develop creative thinking skills through successive remediation and creative reaction so that students’ level of leadership gets higher.

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Investigating perceptions of students receiving sports education towards eating habits and obesity

Author(s): Yakup Kılıç,Eyyup Yildirim / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This study aims to investigate perceptions towards eating habits and obesity in students receiving sports education in Turkey. The sample consisted of 360 randomly chosen students, who received sports education at Firat University, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Ardahan University and Mugla Sitki Kocman University. The sample was formed by adopting the convenience sampling method. For data collection, the ‘Three-factor eating questionnaire’ was used. The data were analysed for normality distribution in terms of the questionnaire and its subscales, which proved that the data provided a normality distribution. ‘Independent samples t-test’ was conducted to evaluate the level of differentiation in terms of the independent variables of gender and taking courses about nutrition and obesity. ‘One-way Variance Analysis’ was conducted to evaluate the level of differentiation in the variables of grade and the universities of the participants. The development level of the location where the students lived, income levels and cultural activities affected their eating.

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Increasing university students’ awareness about winter sports

Author(s): Tolga Eski,Ayşe Feray Özbal,Dilek Yilmaz Börekçi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The aim of this study is to determine awareness levels of university students attending School of Physical Education and Sports about winter sports and to examine the effects of the training program applied within the scope of the study on their cognitive, affective, psychomotor and overall awareness. The study used single-group pre-test and post-test experimental design, which is a quantitative research approach. The participants of the study were 21 students studying Kastamonu University School of Physical Education and Sports. The data collection tools used in the study were ‘Personal Information Form’, which includes questions to obtain data about their demographic information, and ‘Winter Sports Awareness Scale’. The data collected was analysed by using SPSS 20 software. According to the results of the analysis, the changes in cognitive awareness, psychomotor awareness and overall awareness levels according to pre-test and post-test scores were found to be significant while affective awareness levels were not significant.

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Sport science college students and career stress

Author(s): Onur Mutlu Yaşar,Murat Turğut / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

The aim of this study is to examine the career stress levels of university students in different faculties according to age, gender, faculty, class and financial status variables. The research was conducted using a quantitative research design. The sample of this study consisted of 1,189 university students from Kastamonu University Education Faculty, School of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Arts and Faculty of Engineering and Architecture. Career Stress Scale consisting of 20 items and three sub-dimensions was used. Data were normally distributed and parametric analysis was used. According to the findings of this study, it was determined that the average score of the participants was 2.43 from the total score of the career stress scale. In this context, it was found that the career stress levels of the participants were moderate at the lower limit. According to the average scores of the participants, the lowest subscale was found to be an external conflict with 2.13 average and the highest subscale was found to be job anxiety with an average score of 2.82. A significant difference was found almost between all different groups in different ways (p > 0.05). As a result, it was found that the career stress levels of the university students participating in the research were moderate, as well as differences according to variables such as gender, class, age, faculty and income status. Among these differences, the most striking ones appear to be the variables of age and income. In this context, it was determined that university students who have lower age and lower-income status level have higher career stress level than age and income status variables.

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The relationship between academic self-efficacy, learning styles and epistemological beliefs: A study on the students of the school of physical education and sports

Author(s): A. Meliha Canpolat / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

The aim of this study is to examine the verbal and visual dominant learning styles and epistemological beliefs of the students educated in the School of Physical Education and Sports according to their academic self-efficacy influence levels. A total of434 students (132 females and 302 males) participated in this study. The scales of Academic Self-efficacy, verbal and visual dominant learning styles and epistemological beliefs were used in the study. Hierarchical cluster analysis, k-means cluster analysis, multivariate analysis of variance and post hoc analyses were performed. Considering the results of this study, the individuals in the group called ‘low academic self-efficacy’ were found to have lower average scores in the verbal dominant learning style than those of other groups. In the consequence of the analyses made for epistemological beliefs, the individuals in the group called ‘high academic self-efficacy’ were found to have higher averages in ‘the belief that learning depends on effort’ than other groups.

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Examining Winter Sports Awareness Level of University Students Receiving Sports Education

Author(s): Tolga Eski / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

The aim of this study was to determine winter sports awareness levels of students educated in the field of sports sciences according to the following independent variables: gender, university, class level, experience in winter sports, family members’ interest in winter sports and monthly family income. Through awareness, we increase our consciousness level for ourselves, our environment and the universe, and our consciousness zone extends accordingly. This study used the survey method, and the participants were a total of 562 students attending the School of Physical Education and Sports or the Faculty of Sports Sciences at Kafkas University, Karabuk University, Kastamonu University and Samsun 19th May University in 2018–2019 academic year. ‘Winter Sports Awareness Scale’ was administered to collect the data for this study. This five-point Likert type scale consists of 35 items. SPSS 20 program was used for the analysis of the data. Skewness–Kurtosis values were calculated, accordingly, parametric tests were used. Independent sample t-test was used for pair-wise comparisons, and one-way analysis of variance and Tukey HSD were used for multiple comparisons. The results of the analysis revealed medium level awareness for winter sports for all the groups. The comparisons of the mean scores for ‘gender’ and ‘family income’ variables revealed no significant differences, whereas significant differences were found for ‘university’, ‘experience in winter sports’ and ‘family members’ interest in winter sports’ variables.

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Položaj žena u jugoslovenskom i srpskom sportu: ideja, realnost i (dis)kontinuitet

Author(s): Nikola Mijatov,Sandra S. Radenović / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

The paper analyses the position of women in Yugoslav sport through analysis of archival material and compares it to the position of women in Serbian sport half a century later. The subject and the goal of the paper are exposed in the introductory part of the paper, and the methods used in the paper are exposed in the special part of the paper. The results, discussion and conclusion are the remaining three parts of the paper. Authors conclude that despite the progressive policy conducted first by the post-WW2 Yugoslav government and then by the Serbian government in contemporary Serbia, the position of women in sports has remained essentially the same. Prejudice, misunderstanding and overall gender inequality are typical of both periods. This fact reveals the weaknesses of progressive policies lacking an adequate material basis, since the social conditions of rural areas are the main reasons for such inequality. Furthermore, authors point to the complexity and significance of the phenomenon and prove that the struggle for gender equality in sports is far from over, as the position of women in Yugoslav and Serbian sport has shown only slight improvement since the difficult initial steps.

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Криминолого-криминалистическая характеристика oрганизованной преступности в спорте

Author(s): Elena Valentinovna Topilskaya,Stanislav Alimovich Ialyshev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 53/2021

Such notorious social phenomena as organized criminal groups, which are often associated in social consciousness with the terms of “gangsters”, “mafia”, etc., now are considered as one of the most dangerous for all mankind. At the same time, it is necessary to notice that there are some forms of organized criminal activity that are more hidden, completely inconspicuous on the face of it, so one of them is organized crime in sports. Sport now involves a huge number of people – athletes, coaches, fans all over the world. Enormous monetary and other material resources rotate in the field of sports. The prestige of the state, and indeed of individual groups of people or athletes, is now often determined by success in sports, achievements in individual competitions (that is proved recently by the final of Euro-2020). But this result can be achieved in other, dishonest ways. The authors tried to consider and systematize the illegal activities of organized crime in the sports and near-sports sphere, drawing the attention of society and law enforcement to this problem, to develop more effective means of combating organized crime.

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Nogomet kao sredstvo izgradnje socijalnog kapitala izbjeglica u Hrvatskoj

Author(s): Rahela Jurković / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2021

The article is based on the results of cultural-anthropological research conducted from 2017 to 2020 with the aim of shedding light into the meaning of football for the refugees that have arrived in Croatia in the last few years. The meaning of football for refugees and social connections they acquire through it are considered within the Bourdieu's theory of cultural and social capital. The research has indicated that football represents an embodied state of cultural capital as well as important means of building social capital of refugees that allows them not only to be active and enjoy moments of oblivion in the situation of refugeeness, but it also connects them with the society they arrived in as refugees. By playing football refugees make social connections that bring them closer to the receiving society, thus enabling them to understand it better. Such social connections also show refugees how they can move through the new society and make progress within it.

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An Empirical Examination of Elite Athletes’ Stress Factors During Joining in the Training Center Program

Author(s): Heny Setyawati,Tandiyo Rahayu,Nur Haziyanti binti Mohamad Khalid,Didik Rinan Sumekto / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

This study examines 290 elite athletes’ stress on the training center, Indonesian National Sports Committee, Jawa Tengah. Self-rated questionnaire was used in this study, whilst data analysis used the IBM SPSS 20. Daily massive activity, interpersonal relationships, sense of self-loathing, and traumatic experience correlated to athletes’ self-confidence and performance. This study addresses the competitiveness of athletes’ self-esteem, positiveness, and constructiveness into peak performance.

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„KTO SIĘ NIE RUSZA, TEN JEST FIZOLEM”. O NIEWŁAŚCIWYM REŻIMIE PRACY CIAŁA I JEGO WYKORZENIANIU W KLUBIE BRAZYLIJSKIEGO JIU-JITSU

Author(s): Karol Górski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

The following article proposes an analysis of the „fizol” motive as a form of the social label. It also focuses on the phenomenon of „fizolenie” – bodily behaviors considered as quite negative by the Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners. The article is based on the ethnographic data, gathered between 2016 and 2019 in one selected Polish club. I took into consideration references coming from in-depth interviews with club members, some observed training practices as well as my own somatic experiences as a practitioner., I refer to Michel Foucault, Norbert Elias, and Mary Douglas to highlight that the fizol figure may serve various functions: it actively disciplines the apprentices, stimulates the internalization of an appropriate, „civilized” fighting style and serves as a basis for classification of people alongside with their bodily practices.

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Параметры вариабельности ритма сердца, сопряженные с высокой спортивной результативностью у спортсменов

Author(s): Olga Vladislavovna Balberova,Elena Gennadyevna Sidorkina,Ksenia Sergeevna Koshkina,Evgeny Vital'evich Bykov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2021

Introduction. The problem of developing clear criteria for assessing athletes’ functional fitness, which would reflect their readiness for competitions, remains under-researched in the theory of sports. Football places high demands on athletes’ functional fitness, including the vegetative component. However, attempts to improve results in football often focus on techniques and tactics to the detriment of the functional component. It should also be noted that the intensity of exercises varies depending on the playing position during matches, and, therefore, an accurate diagnostic criterion is required to assess the players’ of different positions functional readiness for competitions. The article attempts to identify the parameters of heart rate variability which could be used as markers of athletes’ playing game sports high functional performance. The aim of this research is to identify the parameters of heart rate variability as a diagnostic criterion for assessing football players’ functional readiness for competitions. Materials and Methods. In order to assess the heart rate variability, the software for the “Polyspectrum” electrocardiograph was used with an additional function of obtaining data on heart rate variability. Results. The research findings suggest that football players with high athletic performance demonstrate higher vagal and lower sympathetic modulation of the heart rhythm, which indicates their higher fitness, adaptability to loads and functional readiness for competitions. On the contrary, the athletes of the second group demonstrated signs of strain of adaptation systems and over-training. Conclusions. Monitoring heart rate variability in athletes (in particular, heart rhythm wave structure indicators, expressed as the area of the triangle formed by the spectral density of all three waves) can be used as an effective tool in the dynamic control of training, in identifying athletes’ fitness, as well as for predicting sports results.

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Trening jakosti snage u košarci

Author(s): Dejan Šumar,Bojan Mededović,Goran Đukić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 10/2021

Modern basketball is characterized by a high intensity activity throughout the game, which requires optimal physical condition for the players. The increasing demands of modern basketball and inadequate physical preparation also result in an increased number of sports-related injuries. Physical preparation in the form of strength and power training is part of the strategy in preventing and reducing such injuries, but also in improving the performance of basketball players in the game. Strength and power have a direct impact on improving the performance of basketball players, but also influence on improving other motor skills and characteristics of basketball players. As the benefits of the strength and power training are known and recognised, this review paper aims to point out some specifics of the training process in the development of strength and power of basketball players. The paper points to the importance of being systematic and progressive in the long-term development of power , but also within the annual cycle of training. In addition, the paper provides some specific guidelines for conducting strength and power training within the various stages of the preparation and competition periods, with an emphasis on the functionality and specificity of the training.

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TRANSPUNEREA MIȘCĂRILOR FUNCȚIONALE ALE MILITARILOR ÎN ANTRENAMENTELE SPECIFICE CrossFit

Author(s): George-Florin Băițan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 04/2021

CrossFit is a branded physical training program that is ”extensive, general, and comprehensive”, including a series of exercises and workouts with increasing intensity, which can be an effective form of exercise for military personnel seeking a various training routine. Based on the biomechanics of the human body translated into functional movements and exercises, which allow the daily tasks to be performed efficiently, constantly varied and performed at a high intensity, CrossFit can also have positive mental and emotional effects, raising the level of certainty of the military in relation to their own abilities, capabilities and judgments. CrossFit means a lot more than just pulling the strings in the gym; it is a great way to get in shape, gain muscle mass or lose weight, and live a healthy lifestyle. The CrossFit community is well known for its close relationships with its members, for promoting patriotism, and for supporting the local community and military veterans, working hard in a variety of ways to uphold these values.

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PLIOMETRIA ȘI CALISTENIA – METODE DE ANTRENAMENT FIZIC SPECIFICE PREGĂTIRII FIZICE A MILITARILOR

Author(s): George-Florin Băițan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 04/2021

The physical training of the military must be extremely hard, as it is a support for military training programs. Moreover, it must prepare the military to deal with any situation they may encounter on the battlefield: from climbing a 3-meter-high wall under enemy fire to running on the varied ground, with a 30 kg backpack and individual weapons in his hands. In addition, maintaining or improving the physical performance of professional military personnel in various military settings is crucial to general military training. When we start a military-specific training program, we are confident that we are on the fastest track to serious results. The military will become stronger, with great physical strength, having a robust and harmonious physical constitution. In this article, we will briefly present two of the physical training methods specific to military training (plyometrics and calisthenics), which military physical education specialists should use on a permanent basis, so that fighters reach a higher level of physical training.

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Класифікація та методика оцінювання складності акробатичних вправ «групи А» в артистичному плаванні

Author(s): Anastasiia Petrenko,Oleg Ivanovich Kamayev / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 11/2021

Article purpose – to classify acrobatic movements of group A “airborne” (jumps) and identify the main components that affect their technical value. According to research, acrobatic movements of group A “airborne” – (in the air) – are not divided into subgroups but differ (classified) by the variety of construction, the direction of the jump, the position of the featured swimmer’s body in the air (posture) and the type and number of rotation demonstrated by the featured-swimmer in the air. The first criteria of difficulty was defined as “Construction” – is a generalized name for collaborated work of all athletes according to their assigned role in the acrobatic movement (base+ support+ featured swimmer), and it is also the name of a “formation” from which the acrobatic moves of group A “airborne” begins. Depending on the complexity and efficiency of the design, was is classified into four levels. The fourth level of construction – a “square” (basket), is defined as the most difficult and highly effective. The main components that affect the technical value of the component “Construction” were defined. The second criterion of difficulty, respectively, and technical value, was the directions of the jumps. Five directions of jumps are classified. The most difficult, and rated at 0,4 points, is the jump “in the opposite direction”. The next evaluation criterion was how the acrobatic movement is performed in the air. All positions are divided into four groups (considering flexibility and additional factors). An important criterion for assessing the technical value of acrobatic exercise is the number of rotations and the plane in which the rotation is performed in the air. Rotations are classified into 4 types: "twists", "somersaults", "side flips" and "two-dimensional rotations". The technical value of rotation depends on each additional 180 degrees rotation and increases with 0,2 for each 360 to prevent disbalance in the general classification. So, the rotation of 180 ° is estimated at 0,1 point, 360 ° – 0,3 points, 540 ° – 0,5 points, 720 ° – 0,7 points, 900 – 0,9 ° points. To get total technical value of the acrobatic movement, all components’ numbers should be summarized. Technical value varies between all acrobatic movements in this group depending on which coach would choose different components of the acrobatic movements. The developed system allows the creation of any combination (“set”) of the components, so it doesn’t ruin the creativity of routine in artistic swimming, which is one of the main ideas of this sport. Based on the developed method of calculating the technical value of acrobatic movements, a single table of technical value of acrobatic exercises “group A” was created – in the air, where acrobatic moves were distributed from easiest to most accessible most difficult according to the calculated technical value.

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