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PROMOTING LESS POPULAR SPORTS IN SCHOOLS THROUGH THE NOT ONLY FAIR PLAY ONLINE TOOLKIT

Author(s): Anca Colibaba,Florin Murariu,Stefan COLIBABA,Irina Gheorghiu,Ovidiu Ursa / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2016

The article is a study of the online toolkit addressing teachers of physical education which was developed within the project Not only fair play (557089 EPP1-2014-IT-SPO-SCP) co-financed by the European Union under the Erasmus+ programme, Sport - Collaborative Partnership. The project aims to promote the enhancement of sport and physical activities offer of European schools both within the curricular activities and through extracurricular initiatives in order to help students confute the need to choose between studying and doing sport. Sport activities can become a fundamental educational tool, developing students’ self-confidence, creating socialization opportunities and encouraging mutual understanding among different cultures. The project valorizes the role that the universal language of sport can play in order to achieve social inclusion, equal opportunities and tolerance. The online toolkit benefits from the outcomes, knowledge and experience gained from previous European projects related to the topic. It is based on research on physical education activities, less popular sports and games and sports preferences of the students from the partners' countries. The online toolkit addresses teachers from mainstream, special needs and inclusive schools.

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EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT WHOLE BODY VIBRATION FREQUENCIES ON THE MAXIMAL ISOMETRIC FORCE GENERATED BY QUADRICEPS MUSCLES

Author(s): Grațiela-Flavia Deak,Iuliana Boroş-Balint,Barna SZABO-CSIFO / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2016

Whole Body Vibration (WBV) might be considered an alternative to the traditional resistance training methods. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of three different WBV frequencies on the maximum isometric knee extensor strength in untrained adults. Materials and methods: Twenty volunteers participated in this study. They were all students enrolled at the Babeș- Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca. The participants were exposed to vertical vibrations, generated by the Fitvibe Excel Pro® vibration platform, with frequencies of 30, 50 and 60 Hz, respectively. Mean forces were recorded for both legs, with the KIN-COM® isokinetic dynamometer, over 5 s long time intervals of maximal isometric voluntary contractions of the knee extensor muscles, before and after bouts of 60 s of WBV training. Results: Mean isometric force of the right quadriceps muscles after exposure to a 30 Hz vibration frequency was 656.90 ± 214.86 N, mean isometric force of the right quadriceps muscles after exposure to a 50 Hz vibration frequency was 645.10 ± 220.21 N, and mean isometric force of the right quadriceps muscles after exposure to a 60 Hz vibration frequency was 653.65 ± 206.93 N. Significant changes in isometric knee extensor strength were found between males and females both pre and post-WBV. No significant changes were found between pre and post-WBV force values for the whole group of participants. Conclusions: There was no enhancement in muscular performance after one bout of 60 s of WBV in healthy adults. More research is needed on the potential effects of short term WBV exposure among untrained adults.

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STUDY REGARDING THE APPRECIATION CAPACITY OF DISTANCE AND SPEED AT VAULT EVENT IN WOMAN’S ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS

Author(s): Ana-Maria Gavojeda / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2016

Artistic gymnastics is the sport in which athletes are trying to present the best exercises in the competitions and is considered a sport by the limit of physical and psychological possibilities of those who practice it. It is characterised by a high, rich and varied content of elements and technical processes. The Vault apparatus is one of the most dynamic and spectacular tests found in the Artistic Gymnastics specific competition program. This apparatus requires special qualities from the athletes, from which the appreciation of distance and speed. The main purpose of the present study is to determine the ability of appreciation of distance and speed, at Vault event in Women's Artistic Gymnastics. The evaluation of distance and speed appreciation was performed using the ADV (appreciation of distance and speed) computerized test, which is included in the PSISELTEVA battery, created by RQ Plus. The pedagogic experiment was performed between 15/09/2014 - 10/07/2015. In this period the initial testing was conducted (15-20/09/2014), the trening was followed, and at the end the final testing was done (02- 10/07/2015). According to the annual training plan, the training program was conducted in over 9 training mesocyles and included 202 training lessons.The subjects were 21 gymnasts aged 8-10 years. The results obtained at the Wilcoxon test showed a significant improvement in the appreciation capacity of distance and speed and that the effect of the training program on this capacity is strong. Thus, the use of ADV computerized tests in the athletes` training is recommended, for increasing the appreciation capacity of distance and speed.

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MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF JUNIOR ATHLETES TO CARDIOVASCULAR RESISTANCE BY USING THE SOFTWARE SMART LINK V

Author(s): Carmen Liliana Gherghel,Virgil Teodorescu,Mihaela Apostu / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2016

In the time term exercise was defined according to the formation who formulated definition. From the perspective of physiology effort signifies a voluntary or involuntary activities of an organ or body segment, in order to overcome the usual the yield. There are studies in specialty literature that have been focused on the effects induced by intensive efforts on the body, namely whether the functional is changed considerably or if the changes are limited to hereditary predisposition. Based on this research, the authors argue that a considerably effort may influence functional adaptability of the body, but that this is not exceeding the genetically determined. Studying the effects of physical effort on the body monitoring capacity athlete in response to requests the maximum imposed by effort and selecting the most efficient means of sustaining the energy potential in effort are important ways of establishing interrelation body-effort a view to ensuring optimum conditions for performance. In this study we attempted getting used to the Smart Link V, the students of physiotherapy, coaches and other specialists involved in physical activities in harvesting and dynamic monitoring of data on cardiac resistance and interpretation of results. Study was accomplished a consignment of 163 junior athletes, aged 6-12 years old who practice sports games. Data collection was achieved using a portable medical device - Oxi- Capnography (Pulse Oximeter) MD-660P. The results of the study highlight change in the level resistance cardiovascular outcomes study group reported to the reference intervals shows a low level of resistance cardiac practitioners of sports games for children at different clubs.

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GENERAL AND HAND-EYES COORDONATION IN MENTAL TRAINING OF ALPINE SKIERS

Author(s): Vlad Teodor Grosu,Emilia Florina Grosu,Tatiana Dobrescu / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2016

The aims of this study was: 1. to assess the influence of mental training on manual focused attention and manual response; 2. we analyzed the influence of mental training on the increase in motor coordonation and reactivity influenced, all in certain athletes (skiers). Problem Statement The samples of subjects tested are aged 12±5 and 16±1. The athletes who participated in this study are part of ski groups within School sports clubs. The experimental group comprises athletes from Gheorgheni (HR), Baia-Sprie (MM), while the control group includes of athletes from Topliţa (HR), Sibiu (SB), Predeal (BV) and Sinaia (PH). These tests we conducted our research in the application of mental training techniques in the experimental group and comparing them with the control group. Purpose of Study through this study we analyze the influence of mental training on: 1. the increase of concentration of attention and response to skiers manual; 2. increase motor coordination and reactivity. It is known that in alpine skiing the hit action of pennant is very important. Methods We used a device called: System for evaluation in transport and work psychology, version 04/2007, made by Professor Hăvîrneanu C. (2007). According to integrated functional blocks, the proposed methodologic nucleus allows to obtain indices of informational, execution and self-regulation capacity, markers of behavior. We applied 2 tests: ACRM (concentrated attention with manual reaction), which provides information on the ability to pay attention in activities with required pace and dynamic field observations specific to alpine skiing. The other test applied was CMR (motor coordination and reactivity), which provides information on the ability of motor coordination – the adequacy and synchronizing of movements, speed and accuracy of complex reactions, motor learning, emotional balance – self-regulation, specific to alpine skiing. Findings and Results was performed using SPSS 15.0. For the comparison of means between groups of subjects we applied ANOVA and Post Hoc test. Correlation between variables was performed by Pearson correlation coefficient (r). The charts are made with the method Box plot showing: minimum and maximum value; median, percentiles 75 and 25; extreme scores. Testing for the hand-eye coordination capacity of skiers from mountain ski, by applying ACRM test (focused attention with manual reaction), hand-eye coordination. Indices measured with this test: VP – perception speed=number of omissions, EP- perception accuracy= number of errors, EX- focused attention.

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IMPROVEMENT OF THE TECHNICAL AND TACTICAL FOOTBALL TRAINING FOR CHILDREN USING ECHNOLOGICAL DEVICES

Author(s): Tudor Palade,GHEORGHE Grigorescu,Sorin Mirel Ciolca,Dan C. Badea / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2016

This research aims to highlight the possibility of improving the teaching process in the game of football with the help of high technology. Thus, the experiment was focused on optimizing the technical and tactical component of football game through specific motor structures adjusted to the level of training. The theoretical and methodical area that defines our field of activity approaches, from different angles, the issue of density in the training lesson. In this context, it must be emphasized that density is an indicator of quality in the preparation of a football player. Aiming at this aspect, specialized methodology permanently seeks to optimize the relationship between different types of density specific to the training process, namely pedagogical density and motor density, which are crucial for highlighting the quality of training. Consequently, the research aims to improve the relationship between pedagogical density and motor density in favor of the latter. This goal has been achieved by improving the sources of information transmission from teacher/coach to players using derivatives specific to high technology. This research is an ameliorative one and was conducted over a 3-month period. Subjects participating in the research are represented by players of the football team FC Dinamo Bucharest, with junior-E level of training, namely children aged 10 to 11 years (2004 and 2005 groups). Objectification of the research was achieved by keeping the actual working time and break times related to the training process and subsequently by processing the collected data. The research methods used were: scientific documentation, observation, experiment, measurement, statistical and mathematical method, graphical method. Results of the scientific approach are reflected in the increased technical and tactical efficiency in the training process and a more effective performance behavior during the game. Research conclusions confirm the working hypothesis through the obtained results.

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THE IMPORTANCE OF USING ELECTRONIC SYSTEM FOR PREPARETION SHOOTERS SCATT THE USB VERSION, USED BY ATHLETES WHO PRACTICE SPORT SHOOTING, SAMPLE AIR RIFLE 10 M

Author(s): Cătălin Şerban,Corina TIFREA / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2016

The hereby presented thesis tries to highlight the importance of using the electronic target system SCATT-USB for training for male shooters, 10 m air rifle event. This system is currently being used by many shooters around the world with various training skills, from beginner to professional shooters. In Romania this electronic shooting training system SCATT-USB has been successfully used for the first time during the Olympics cycle 2009-2012, by the shooter Alin George Moldoveanu, the Olympic Champion in London 2012, 10 m air rifle event. This system offers the shooter the possibility of monitoring and analyzing his own shooting rounds (aim trajectory graph, split of shooting elaboration timings, value of the shot, orientation of the shot against the center of target and others), save the data on the computer and compare against each other, all this in order to facilitate the improvement of the technical elements of the shooting and enhance the performance.

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PARTICULARITIES OF COMPUTER ASSISTED LEARNING IN TENNIS

Author(s): Rareș Stănescu / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2016

Many electronic devices have been developed in the last years to help tennis coaches and players. We looked at three categories of devices: in the first one, devices used to give the tennis players opportunities to train in conditions similar to the tournaments; the second category consists of devices made for video guidance; the third category comprises electronic devices developed to analyze the body and racquets movements. All these three types of devices are used to provide feed-back to coaches and players during the training sessions and competitions. They are helping the players to see their technical mistakes, their efficiency factors and to improve their game. In this research we used a Babolat system that includes an integrated microchip, and the Babolat Play software. In this case study we used the system for 2 month in 24 tennis lessons, and we recorded the player’s training sessions and matches. The analyzed factors were the effect of the ball, speed of the ball, the ball impact with the player’s racquet strings, and the rate of the lessons. We found that this feed-back improves the player’s hitting rhythm, his/her swing preparation for hitting, efficiency of his/her technique and it is also evaluating the density of the tennis lessons.

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Проблемные вопросы подготовки и повышения квалификации кадров в сфере физической культуры и спорта в СССР в начале 1950-х гг. (на примере Пензенской области)

Author(s): Larisa Aleksandrovna Koroleva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 03/2016

The article analyses activities of the central and local authorities for preparation and professional development of personnel in the sphere of physical culture and sport in the USSR in the early 1950s on materials of the Penza region (seminars, training courses, special classes and so forth).

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Hypoxia - jej vplyv na organizmus, červené krvinky a možnosti športového tréningu

Author(s): Martina Vlčáková,Jaromír Tupý / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2020

Hypoxia is a lack of oxygen in the arterial blood and tissues, activating a variety of physiological functions and systems that seek to reduce this deficiency and provide the body with enough oxygen. one of the reactions to hypoxia is an increased synthesis of the hormone erythropoietin, which stimulates erythropoiesis in the bone marrow and this increases the absolute number of red blood cells - oxygen carriers. These changes affect the maximum consumption and transport of oxygen needed to develop physical performance. The result is a legal possibility of positive doping in sports activities.

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The relationship between commitment to teaching, teacher efficacy, marginalisation and isolation: A study on physical education teachers

Author(s): Mehmet Ulaş,Ender Şenel / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2020

This study aimed to examine the relationship between commitment to teaching, teacher efficacy, physical education teachers' marginalisation and isolation. Four hundred and eight physical education and sports teachers voluntarily participated in the study. Klein et al.’s Unidimensional Target-Free Commitment Scale was used to assess physical education teachers' commitment to teaching by designing the items to measure commitment to teaching. Perceptions of marginalisation and isolation were evaluated by using the Physical Education-Marginalisation and Isolation Scale. The Ohio Teacher Efficacy Scale was used to determine the level of efficacy beliefs. According to the results, teachers' efficacy positively predicted commitment to teaching, while a high correlation was found between these factors. Teachers' efficacy and commitment to teaching are negatively associated with marginalisation and isolation. Consequently, this study revealed that teachers having a sense of efficacy become more committed to teaching. Correspondingly, this will result in a reduction in marginalisation and isolation.

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Sportive university students and life satisfaction

Author(s): Murat Turğut / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of life satisfaction of individuals participating in sports or physical activity within the scope of gender, age, income status, parental education level and active sports. The sample of the study consisted of 442 people from Kastamonu Province. Parametric analysis methods were used to analyse the data. Independent t-test was used to determine the difference between two groups and one-way analysis of variance was used to determine the difference between two groups. According to the findings, there was no statistically significant difference between age and income status. In other words, life satisfaction levels of the participants were found to be high. The highest mean subscale was found to be the relationship satisfaction dimension with a mean of XÌ„ = 4.90 and the lower mean was the overall life satisfaction sub-dimension with a mean of XÌ„ = 3.50. In parallel with this situation, it was determined that life satisfaction levels of the participants varied according to different variables.

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The effect of mindful attention awareness on ruminative thought styles: Physical education and sports teacher candidates

Author(s): Baris Karaoglu,Ilimdar Yalcin / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

The present study aimed to examine the effect of mindful attention awareness on ruminative thought styles levels of physical education and sports teacher candidates. 183 students studying in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Teaching at Bingol University voluntarily participated in the study. Mindful attention awareness and ruminative thought style scale were used as data collection. The scales were applied to students by face-to-face survey method. SPSS package program was used to analyze of the data. Pearson Correlation and Linear Regression analyses were applied for the statistical analyses. As a result, it was found that there was a positive and low-level relationship between mindful attention awareness and ruminative thought styles while mindful attention awareness slightly affected ruminative thought styles. In this context, it can be said that the students do not lose command over past or future events in their lives and act by experiencing the present moment.

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SPOR ELEMANLARININ REKREASYON FAYDA FARKINDALIĞI İLE BEDENLERİNİ BEĞENME DÜZEYLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

Author(s): Alpay Bülbül,Burçin ÖLÇÜCÜ,Gamze Akyol / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 50/2021

The most important identity of individuals in society is their personality. The environment they influence and influence through their personality develops. Therefore, it has become popular today to study this complex phenomenon. In general, studies on sports and personality have been found to have a positive contribution to the personality development of the individual. Although it is predictable that recreational activities have a healing, enhancing and relaxing effect in individuals in a physical, psychological and social sense, it is known that they also make bodily characteristics more desirable. Based on this, the aim of the study conducted on a total of 240 sports elements is to analyze the level of awareness of recreational benefits and perceptions of body liking of athletes and physical education teachers through demographic variables. A study conducted using the relational screening method from quantitative research types looked at the level of regressive and correlational relations between scales, and the Kolmogorov Smirnov test showed that the scales did not have a normal distribution, and the Mann-Whitney test for two - level variables and the Kruskal-Wallis test for three-level variables were analyzed. Research results; it was concluded that both scales had a high level and positive relationship with each other in the same direction, that male and female sports elements had high levels of awareness of both scales, and that there was a significant difference between physical education teachers and the recreation benefit scale. Other findings are presented in detail in the discussion and Results section.

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Management of sports clubs in the town based on the principles of cooperation

Author(s): Michal Varmus,Milan Kubina / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

In the Slovakia are very many sports clubs that are civic associations. Within towns they are often as separate entity. Management of these sports clubs in the town is very specific. A town wants to have influence on these clubs, especially when the clubs are supported from municipal finance. In these paper we deal with possible management of clubs in the town within cooperation principle. We identified the main advantages, disadvantages, and points that are important for good established cluster of sports clubs in the town.

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Amatör Sporun Gelişmesinde Yerel Yönetimlerin Rolü (Erzurum Büyükşehir Belediyesi Örneği)

Author(s): Necip Fazıl Kıshali,Vahdet Alaeddinoğlu,Ahmet Dal / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2021

Success in sports infrastructure depends on the establishment of a sustainable system by giving importance to children with human resources and their upbringing. In order to establish such system, the trainer, facility, athlete resource and their management should be carried out with good planning and project planning. The support given by local governments to sports infrastructure is of great importance in the development of sports infrastructure. The aim of this research was to examine the sports policy of Erzurum Metropolitan Municipality for the development of sports infrastructure. In the research, document scanning method was used based on content analysis. In order to evaluate the results of the research comparatively, the annual activity reports of 8 metropolitan municipalities between 2015-19 published in their websites, were investigated mutually. The population ratios of the chosen cities are close to each other. The sports facility investments of the municipalities were evaluated in terms of the number of licensed athletes, number of summer and winter sports schools, number of club branches, the number of trainers, and national and international sports organizations. The data were evaluated with SPSS for Windows 22 using Chi Square analyses. As a result, it was found that among other metropolitan municipalities, Erzurum metropolitan municipality was found to be in the first place in the number of summer and winter sports schools, number of club branches, and national and realized international sports organizations.

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Genç Futbolcularda Tekrarlı Sprint Derecelerinin Aerobik Güç ile İlişkisinin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Recep Karatepe,Surhat Muniroğlu,Erdem Subak / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2020

In today's football, it is seen that footballers change positions frequently therefore they should apply repeated sprints frequently during these positions changes. Intermittent sprints need to be applied frequently in football, increasing the importance of anaerobic capacity as well as aerobic power in football. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between intermittent sprint degrees and aerobic power. 97 footballers aged between 15-18 who are competing in the infrastructure of professional football teams from Ankara and Antalya were included in the research. The demographic characteristics of the players were recorded. Yo-Yo test and repeat (intermittent) sprint test were applied to football players. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Test for data analysis and One-Way ANOVA Test for differences between sites were compared with 0.05 error. As a result of the analysis, it was seen that the athletes with high maxVO2 value had lower sprint fatigue index values. It has been noted that the athletes with low sprint times have a high maxVO2 value, but the correlation coefficient (r = - 0.273) is low. When the sprint time sum values are listed starting from the successful ones in terms of positions, they are in the form of striker, midfielder, defender and goalkeeper. It was found as midfield, defender, striker, and goalkeeper when ranked by fatigue values. The high aerobic power positively affects the athlete's intermittent sprint performance. According to the data obtained, it can be thought that athletes with high aerobic power can replace ATP-CP needed for sprinting more quickly. It is recommended for the performance of football players that it includes aerobic power training in addition to intermittent type sprints in football training. In addition, the maxVO2 values of the athletes in some positions were found lower than the other athletes in the team. The fatigue index values of athletes with low maxVO2 values were also lower in terms of performance. The application of aerobic endurance training adapted to the positions can positively affect the performance for all positions in the team.

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Sporcularda Uykusuzluğun Aromaterapi ile Tedavisi

Author(s): Pelin Taştan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2020

In this study, literature studies which are regulating sleep quality were examined. The methods of aromatherapy treatment which is a herbal treatment to be used in order to prevent the stress situation that sleep disorders will create in individuals are mentioned. It is of great importance to deal with this problem, especially when it comes to the effects of negative situations that will create in athletes on sports performances. The importance of an efficient sleep is indisputable in order to perform sports activities successfully in athletes. Sleep problem can cause many diseases, as well as it can occur as a result of some diseases. It is obvious that the interest in the use of herbal products will increase day by day with the inhalation therapy included in the aromatherapy method, which has become widespread recently. Since they have high advantages in terms of ease of application and sustainability, herbal treatment methods, which are frequently used for this purpose, have been examined. As a result of this examination, it has been determined that the most used method in aromatherapy treatment for sleep problems is inhalation, and many herbal products, often essential oils prepared from lavender, bergamot, mint and chamomile plants, are used for this purpose. In addition, it is important to keep up-to-date studies in order to achieve the optimum intervention in the treatment of various diseases and in practices aimed at increasing the performance of athletes.

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TÜRK FUTBOLUNDAKİ YABANCI FUTBOLCU TRANSFERLERİNİN KÂRZARAR ANALİZİ

Author(s): Gökhan Çetinkaya,Ümit Yildirim / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 9/2021

In today's country football, where the quotas of foreign football players are frequently discussed, the necessity of examining the transfer of these football players from different aspects has emerged. The aim of our study is to analyze the profit-loss analysis of foreign football player transfers in Turkish football from a commercial perspective. The research data were taken from the Transfermarkt database, which is generally accepted in the football world. In the study, all foreign football player transfers made by publicly offered clubs (Beşiktaş, Fenerbahçe, Galatasaray, Trabzonspor) between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2019 were examined. The data obtained were transferred to the SPSS 24.0 program. Frequency and percentage tables are removed and interpreted. It has been determined that the clubs tend towards football players who have reached the maturity level in the 25-29 age group with a rate of 52.96% in the transfer of foreign players. The orientation towards young footballers is lower than expected. Brazilian footballers are the most preferred footballers with a rate of 16.30%. In transfer, the most shopping was realized with 62.22% European leagues. Transfer efficiency was found to be insufficient in foreign markets other than Europe (23.89%). Clubs lost a total of 262.12M € in the transfer of foreign players during the period under investigation. Transfers made by paying a transfer fee of 5M € or more have an important place in the total loss (55.30%). Looking at the last 5 years, it is seen that the clubs are in profit with 40.56M € in foreign player transfers. It is thought that the compelling effect of Financial Fair Play (FFP) criteria on clubs plays a leading role in the transformation of the commercial table from loss to profit in foreign player transfer.

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Futbol Taraftarlığının Müşteri Sadakati ve Tüketici Davranışı Temelinde İncelenmesi

Author(s): Merve Simsek,Eyup Akin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2021

Fans' expenditures are one of the most important income items of sports clubs. In addition to socio-demographic factors, the connection that fans establish with their teams can also be effective in this expenditure. From a sports marketing perspective, it is important to focus on the influence of fan loyalty and advocacy in spending for the team. In this study, it was examined whether different types of fans, fan loyalty, and the socio-demographic characteristics of the fans have effects on the spending for the team. The research was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, data were obtained from a group of 50 people in order to determine the different types of supporters, the types of financial support provided and, if not, the reasons for this. The information obtained from this preliminary study was used in the main survey form prepared later. To measure the loyalty of the fans, scales in Mahony, Madrigal and Howard (2000), Bobalca, Gătej and Ciobanu (2012), El-Manstrly and Harrison (2013), and Tachis and Tzetzis (2015) were used. Data were obtained from a sample of 533 people using the convenience sampling method. According to the results of the regression analysis, it was observed that these variables were effective in some of the expenditures made for the team, but not in others.

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