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МІЖНАРОДНІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ТА ЇХ ВПЛИВ НА РОЗВИТОК СПОРТИВНО-ТАНЦЮВАЛЬНОГО РУХУ В УКРАЇНІ

Author(s): Dmitry Bazela / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 36/2019

The purpose of the article is an analysis of the influence of international sports and dance organizations (WDSF, WDC, IPDSC, etc.) on the development of the dancesport movement in Ukraine at the present stage. The methodology of research is the dialectical principle of cognition, systemic, sociocultural, activity, historical approaches. Scientific novelty. It is herein demonstrated that global dance organizations have played and continue to play a significant role in the formation and development of the Ukrainian dancesport movement at institutional, professional, and technical levels. It is also herein declared that dancesport, as a socio-cultural institution, has undergone some severe restructuring on its path to integration into the national sports system, this being part of a yet more extensive global process aimed at its recognition as an Olympic event. Conclusions. Ukrainian dance organizations continue to vigorously interact with both government departments and international organizations – particularly the WDSF and WDC – in carrying out a considerable measure of work relating to the introduction of new standards and norms for athletes, coaches, and judges. It is therefore argued that – taking into account the development of performance technique, judging systems, etc. – it is crucial to attract as many qualified international specialists as possible; to help global organizations realize their plans to import the latest dance trends into Ukraine; and to systematically and progressively contribute to the development of ballroom dancing in our country and the world – to popularize it and to ensure the continued growth of its performance standards.

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UTJECAJ SEGMENTACIJE NAVIJAČA NA NAMJERU PONOVNE KUPNJE

Author(s): Doris Delić,Mario Pepur / Language(s): Croatian Issue: XXVI/2020

The last two decades have shown a major and complex transformation of sport into a business that places sport industry among the most significant industries in the developed world. The increasing application of recent business principles in the sport industry is an inevitable consequence of today’s understanding of sport. The sport industry is the global market for various sport related products. In order for manufacturers and providers of sport products and services to create certain advantages over other competitors, they are forced to explore the existing market and make its segmentation. Segmentation is the process of dividing a market of consumers into individual groups based on their characteristics, preferences and desires. Only satisfied customers develop loyalty to the manufacturer or service provider and, as such, repeat their purchase frequently. The data used in the paper was collected via an on-line survey among HNK Hajduk fans. The paper analysed fan segments and investigated the impact of segmentation on repurchase intention. Segment differences were tested with respect to the revisit intention on football match, the intention to repurchase the official club’s products and services, and the intention to repurchase the club’s sponsor’s products and services. The results of the survey indicated that fans could be grouped into five different segments and that there was a statistically significant difference between segments in terms of repurchase intention.

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Can a High-Energy Diet Affect the Physical Fitness of Elite Athletes?

Author(s): Yeldana Yerzhankyzy Yerzhanova,Galiya Madiyeva,Zhanna Sabyrbek,Ermek Dilmakhambetov,Kazys Milašius / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of high energy diets, which were elaborated by the study authors, on the change of physical fitness of athletes of various sports. 90 athletes aged 17–30 years participated in the research. They were divided into three groups of 30 each. Our research has shown that prepared high-energy diets, used during 3 months in the preparatory period, per week-long training microcycles, had a greater positive effect on changes in the fitness of elite athletes of various sports compared to changes in the fitness of lower-performance athletes.

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Németh Pál és a nyárasdi női kézilabda

Author(s): Károly J. Mészáros / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2021

The well-known sports specialist and sports history researcher conducted a life interview with Pál Németh, the coach of the successful women's handball team of Topoľníky (Hungarian: Nyárasd), which presents the coach's life path and professional career. In the sixties of the last century, something special started in Topoľníky that was noticed by the world of women's handball in then-Czechoslovakia and later in Europe too. The women’s handball team of Topoľníky played 1,814 matches between 1969 and 1999, scoring 38,372 goals, delighting approximately two million people, and meeting 124 teams from Europe on the court.

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The Perception of Dietary Supplements Among Consumers Engaged in Sports on a Regular Basis

Author(s): Róbert Sándor Szűcs,Zoltán Szakály / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The inaccurate perception of their own body image can be observed not only among physically inactive people, but also among those doing sports on a regular basis. Corporate marketing communication further increases these uncertainties and doubts in people doing sport on a regular basis, and thus they can easily become actual consumers of dietary supplements. The results of our primary research (n=737) show the sport-related activities, attitudes and segmentation of those engaged in sports regularly, including details about the dietary supplements market. Our results indicate that the group of people engaged in sports on a regular basis is far from being a homogeneous segment. 56.4% of them in general show a positive attitude towards dietary supplements and they constitute the potential consumers of the product range. Opinion leaders (coaches), reference groups and word of mouth advertising (fellow sportsmen) were found to play the key role in choosing particular dietary supplements

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Alternative Opportunities for Conducting Physical, Sports and Recreational Activities in the Conditions of the Covid-19 Pandemic

Author(s): Fadil Rexhepi,Fatmir Pireva,Shemsedin Vehapi,Besim Gashi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The situation created as a result of the Covid-19 Pandemic has paralyzed the normal life of human society almost all over the globe. In addition to disruption of health, education, economic systems, etc., this situation has seriously damaged physical sports and recreational activities. The necessity to keep fit makes athletes to constantly try and find ways to organize training, while minimizing the risk of infection. Some of these ways are: a) medical measures or continuous testing of athletes; b) ‘team quarantine’ for the longest period of time that minimizes contact with other additional people of the club members where he/she trains; c) maximum care for maintaining the minimum allowed distance and contact between athletes. Meanwhile, outdoor recreational activities can be more easily controlled. However, these ways are not sufficient, so the consequences will be irreparable for a long time.

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Queens in the shadow of kings – sociological notes on the historical process of women’s discrimination and emancipation in chess

Author(s): Jakub Ryszard Stempień / Language(s): English Issue: 75/2020

The article concerns the unequal position of men and women in chess. This inequality is currently manifested in the male-dominated population of chess players, gender determined differences in the game level attained, and financial discrimination. Historical analysis shows that over the centuries chess has been regarded as a pastime suitable for both men and women. It was only the process of institutionalization of chess as a sport (and turning it into serious leisure activity, in R. Stebbins’ typology), which took place in the era of industrial society, that discrimination against women in chess came about. The emancipatory activities of women in this field, dating back to the second half of the 19th century, were commented on in the chess press in two ways, which are referred to in the text as the “Steinitz narrative” and the “de Coubertin narrative”. Both of these perspectives have remained resilient to this day, accompanying the progress in equalizing the position of men and women in chess that were seen in the 20th and 21st centuries.

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COVİD-19 SÜRECİNİN AKTİF ÇALIŞAN ANTRENÖRLERE OLAN ETKİSİNİN NİTEL YÖNTEMLE İNCELENMESİ

Author(s): Alpay Bülbül,Burçin ÖLÇÜCÜ,Gamze Akyol / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 49/2021

Covid-19 virus, which affected the entire world and led to serious life problems, also affected the sports world quite badly and even brought it to a standstill. Based on this, the emotional states of coaches who are going through a bad process and their professional behavior in the process are intriguing. Answers to topics such as how coaches try to adapt in changing conditions, how they are positively and negatively affected. This study, which aims to investigate athletes ' and their own emotional states through the eyes of coaches undergoing the covid-19 pandemic process, was conducted using the “situation study” pattern and “field scan”, which are types of qualitative research. The study was carried out in 20 cities in Turkey in 2019-2020 with randomly selected coaches. Regardless of the equal distribution of Coach numbers in cities, the data was obtained completely without selection. A total of 81 volunteer coaches participated in the research. Research data was collected using demographic information created by researchers and 5 open-ended questions. Question forms created to collect data were edited through “Google forms” since the isolation period was passed and collected again with the help of mail, whatsapp and various information methods. According to the results of the analysis, it was concluded that coaches were very negatively affected by the covid-19 pandemic process, in order to keep their athletes ' motivation high and partially protect their physical capacity from the bad effects, coaches felt that they were “in a state of developing creative techniques” and that coaches should “turn the crisis into an opportunity” by approaching the difficult conditions in the covid-19 period positively.

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Rozwój piłkarstwa niemieckiego na ziemiach polskich zaboru pruskiego w latach 1900-1914 na tle sytuacji politycznej

Author(s): Jarosław Owsiański / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 02/2020

The article discusses the origins of football on the territory of Germany and the gradual expansion of this sports discipline to the eastern provinces. The present study is an attempt to recreate, in a synthetic overview, the accomplishments of German football on the territory of the Prussian partition of Poland in the aspect of organizational development, gamesplayed, achievements of clubs and the successesof teamsin sporting competition up to the outbreak of World War I. At the beginning of the20thcentury, the German Football Association (DFB) was created, which coordinated the activities of football associations in particular provinces of the German Empire. This contributed to the development of football in the eastern provinces as well. Each year, more and more German clubs were formed; they took part in championship competitions at the level of districts and regional associations. Football teams representing the association participated in the Crown Prince Cup competition (Kronprinzenpokal). German games impacted on the initiation of Polish football development in this area, independently of the advance of the discipline in Galicia. The rapid growth of football was stopped by the outbreak of World War I. After the war, under the Treaty of Versailles and as a result of the outbreak of the Greater Poland Uprising, these lands returned within the borders of Poland, which caused mass emigration of Germans to the Reich. These facts brought about changes in the national and historical consciousness, resulting in the lack of interest in the issue of German football development in the Polish territories of the Prussian partition among sports historians of both countries. The development of German football and its impact on the growth of Polish football in Greater Poland, Kuyavia, and Gdańsk Pomerania were assessed on the basis of historical sources and scientific studies. Analysis of the extent source materials, press publications of that time and historical studies was also used.

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Wschód contra Zachód. Kontakty piłkarskie w Berlinie jako egzemplifikacja relacji pomiędzy wschodnimi a zachodnimi Niemcami

Author(s): Dariusz Wojtaszyn / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 02/2020

The aim of the article is an attempt to present football relations between the most important, best and most influential teams in Berlin -Hertha BSC Berlinand 1. FC Union Berlin. The twoteams are diametrically different from each other -they come from the western and eastern part of the city, have different history, social background and philosophy and strategy of the club. The history of both clubs provides a background for showing therelations between the Berlin football fans. The analysis - covering the period since the 1970s, i.e. the period of constructing an organised supporter movement - has shown that the mutual relations between the supporters can be treated as a symbolic instance of the complicated relations between the citizens of East and West (both Berlin and the whole Germany). The situation in Berlin's supporter community reflects the history of the city's growing together and the mutual relations between its eastern and western part and its inhabitants. Football has been treated as a kind of medium through which the convictions of large social groups are most freely expressed, reflecting the sympathy and antipathy of the city's inhabitants. A review of the narrative literature of the subjectwas carried out and the methodology of political sciences was used.

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Formation of Vocational Competence of Future Specialists in Physical Education and Sports

Author(s): Julia Kovalenko,Kateryna Gnatenko,Lubov Karpets,Olena Fedorenko,Roman Kovalenko / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

The objective of the study is to determine the components of the formation of vocational competence of future specialists in physical education and sports. Analysis of components of students in the specialties “Management in sports activities” and “Secondary education (Physical education)” was made. Comparative characteristic of partial readiness for the professional and pedagogical self-development of the first and fourth-year students was conducted.

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THE INFLUENCE OF COORDINATION ABILITIES ON THE PRECISION OF FOREARM PASSING IN VOLLEYBALL

Author(s): Nikola Stojanović,Toplica Stojanović,Darko Stojanović,Katarina Herodek,Damir Jurko / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2014

Scoring points in volleyball is possible if the plays are performed precisely, and in accordance with the characteristics of the set goals and tasks, which could be performed on all three planes. That is why volleyball precision is characterized as a very delicate feature, for which one needs to possess a good kinesthetic sense, a good evaluation of the parameters of the goal, movement control and coordination. Therein lies the subject matter of this paper, which refers to the evaluation of the influence of coordination on the precision of forearm passing in volleyball, as a significant factor of effectiveness in the game of volleyball. It was determined that there is a statistically significant influence of coordination skills on the precision of passing the ball with the bump, where the common variance of coordination and precision of forearm passing is moderately high. The hypotheses in this research were confirmed, and the motor skill of precision can be isolated as a special phenomenon and interpreted as a factor of success in the technical tactical structures of volleyball.

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UTICAJ KOORDINACIONIH SPOSOBNOSTI NA PRECIZNOST DODAVANJA LOPTE „ČEKIĆEM” U ODBOJCI

Author(s): Nikola Stojanović,Toplica Stojanović,Darko Stojanović,Katarina Herodek,Damir Jurko / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 35/2014

Osvajanje poena u odbojci moguće je ako se akcije izvode tačno (precizno) prema karakteristikama zadatih ciljeva i zadataka, koji mogu da budu izvedeni u sve tri ravni. Zbog toga je odbojkaška preciznost okarakterisana kao vrlo osetljiva osobina, za koju je potrebno imati dobar kinestetički osećaj, zatim dobru procenu parametara cilja i kontrolu i koordinaciju pokreta. Iz toga proističe i problem ovog rada, koji se odnosi na procenu uticaja koordinacije na preciznost dodavanja lopte čekićem u odbojci, kao značajnom faktoru efikasnosti odbojkaške igre. Utvrđeno je da postoji statistički značajan uticaj koordinacionih sposobnosti na preciznost dodavanja lopte čekićem u odbojci, gde je zajednička varijansa koordinacije i preciznosti dodavanja lopte čekićem srednje visoka. Pretpostavke ovog istraživanja su potvrđene, a motorička sposobnost preciznost se može izdvojiti kao poseban fenomen i tumačiti kao faktor uspešnosti u tehničko-taktičkim strukturama odbojke.

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"Ženski sport nije pravi sport": negativni stereotipi prema sportašicama i doživljaj rodne neravnopravnosti u rukometu u Hrvatskoj

Author(s): Zrinka Greblo,Višnja Ljubičić,Lidija Bojić-Ćaćić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2021

The main aim of the study was to determine how often young handball players encountered negative stereotypes towards sportswomen. In addition, we examined whether young sportswomen who were differentially exposed to those stereotypes differed in their perception of gender inequality regarding training conditions and sporting achievement appraisal of boys and girls in their sports clubs. The study involved 522 handball players (289 boys and 233 girls) whose ages ranged from 14 to 17 years (M = 14.75; SD = 0.96). The results showed that 94.5 % of boys and 95.6 % of girls who participated in the study have heard negative stereotypes towards sportswomen and/or the sports in which they participate. Young sportswomen were more often exposed to the attitudes according to which sports activities are not suitable for girls (U = 28188,00, p <0,05) as well as to the attitudes implying that women’s sports are not attractive (U = 28111.00, p <0.05). Furthermore, girls who were more often exposed to negative stereotypes towards sportswomen more frequently reported that boys and girls in their club trained in unequal conditions (U = 3551,000, p <0.001) and that their sports achievements were not valued equally (U = 3353,500, p <0,001). The obtained results indicate the need to undertake measures to combat the negative stereotypes towards sportswomen and enable equal training conditions and equal sports achievements evaluation for boys and girls who participate in sports.

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Influence of Football basic technical training on youth soccer players in Shanxi province, China

Author(s): Jia Zhao,Borhannudin Bin Abdullah,Roxana Dev Omar Dev,Shamsulariffin Bin Samsudin / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of fifteen-week basic soccer training and education by coaching youth soccer players who are under eight (U8) and under ten (U10) years old. This study has included 24 children (U8 and U10) who have participated in the physical fitness sessions of football at school. Twelve participants in the experimental group (EG) undertook intervention training in games. Twelve young players served as a control group (CG) undertook traditional training methods used in Dali Football Club. Experimental groups indicated greater improvements than control groups (P<0.05) at four tests of basic technical education of football. The results indicated that soccer education and training four times a week can improve the basic skills of football of U8 and U10 children. Study concluded that the training in games methods considered in this study might be suitable to design an effective coaching methods and training sessions aimed at the development of the fundamental skills in youth soccer players.

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Moral Aspects of Some Combat Sports

Author(s): Jacek Meller / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

Nowadays, sport is very popular as a way of spending free time, taking care of one’s health and physical condition, as well as being an entertainment worth watching; sport is also judged positively, when it comes to moral aspects. However, there are disciplines that may cause doubts, because of the possible risk for the contestants (e.g. extreme sports), especially combat sports. The purpose of this article is to present an ethical analysis of full-contact combat disciplines. Their history shows a process of gradual brutalisation, in antiquity from battles during the Greek Olympics, to competitions in Roman arenas; in the modern age from regulations introduced in the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, to formation or restoration of combat, where almost no rules exist. Rules that apply in modern combat sports, lead to aggressive behaviour towards rivals, and give an advantage to the person who, not only strikes more technically correct blows or uses grips, but also reduces the opponent’s ability to fight further. It leads to serious injuries whose consequences remain until the end of a contestant’s life and make him a disabled person as time passes. Aggression that seriously harms a contestant, makes it impossible to morally excuse those sports.

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Vplyv hypoxie na vybrané laboratórne parametre erytrocytov a metabolizmu železa

Author(s): Jaromír Tupý,Martina Vlčáková,Ivan Ondrášik,Miriam Tupá,Peter Štiak / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2020

Introduction: Hypoxia – the deprivation of oxygen partial pressure in the arterial blood leads to the higher synthesis of erythropoietin hormone. Resulting in the stimulation of erythropoies is in the bone marrow and the final increased production of red blood cells. These change sinfluence the maximum consumption and transport of oxygen needed for the development of physical performance. Aim: The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of hypoxia on selected laboratory parameters of erythrocytes and iron metabolism and compare them depending on the individual subgroups. Results: The study confirmed the influence of hypoxic stimulation of erythropoietin and the subsequent, statistically significant, increase of red blood cells, haemoglobin and hematocrit. in all assessed subgroups, there was a percentage increase in the total number of erythrocytes, however, any further evaluation is debatable or even irrelevant, due to the in put possibilities of a given set and non-standardised conditions. Conclusion: The work puts forward the view that hypoxia impacts the function of erythrocytes. despite its limits, it confirms the positive influence on over production of red blood cells and hence their provement of the blood capacity for the transmission of oxygen to active muscles with the possibility of positive doping tests in a sporting activity.

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Kilka uwag o terenowym badaniu amatorskich klubów piłkarskich (w nastającej erze postpandemicznej)

Author(s): Konrad Burdyka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

Empirical studies in the field of sports sociology are characterized by an extraordinary difficulty of realization in situ, which is manifested by limited access to research material and limited possibility of its comparisons. As Klaus Heinemann (1989) pointed out in his classic study, these problems result from (a) the diversity of models of modern sport and forms of its social rooting, and (b) the specificity of sports organizations – currently polyfunctional, often operating in extremely diversified social environments. The aim of the article is to present selected methodological problems that occurred during the ethnographic study of amateur football clubs operating in the countryside of Poland. The author also makes an attempt to relate the experience gained from the realization of this venture with the post-pandemic situation. The article can thus be treated as a voice in the discussion on the usefulness of qualitative tools in the study of contemporary sport.

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Tools of the game. Qualitative digital methodologies for the e-sports research

Author(s): Marcin Zaród / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

This article adopts methodology from digital qualitative studies in order to discuss issues specific to e-sport research in the sociology of sport. The applied concepts are built on a critical discussion of the existing theories and cases from the author’s fieldwork on e-sports among hackers. The employed theories and methods are taken from virtual ethnography, netnography, and digital ethnography. These approaches are discussed critically, especially regarding their relations with Science and Technology Studies and Communication and Media Studies. The paper advocates acknowledging the cognitive approach from virtual ethnography, while dropping the approach to virtuality in favor of other theories of spatiality, with the theory of infrastructure as the backbone. It discusses the usability of Kozinets’ netnographical genres and their potential differences, but proposes a more practical solution to autonetnography. Finally, it shows how different frameworks in digital ethnography can be used in the context of e-sport research. The last part of the article is devoted to some practical advice based on discussions and practice.

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Ja, ucieleśniona w ruchu, czyli o biegowej drodze z autoetnografią

Author(s): Karolina Szyma-Ziembińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

The article shows how autoethnography can enrich research on sport. As a former competitive runner, the author describes how she has used tools such as autoethnographical movie, photography, or research diary for a complex anthropological illustration of the running experience. The researcher observer the expanding scope of ways in which this technique can be applied to a variety of research topics, with a special consideration of the anthropology of body. She also tackles the problem of the linguistic incommunicability of experiencing the body in sport as well as she suggests solutions. The article is based on the book Embodied in Motion: Polish Female Professional Runners in Anthropological Perspective, but also supplemented with new observations. As its author writes, “For me, autoethnography is valuable also in that it is an interesting engagement between the interlocutors and the researcher, during which an exchange of experiences and opinions takes place. It is a certain work on the relationship. This way, both parties expose themselves; both risk something, and this can result in interesting conclusions” [the editor’s translation].

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