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Relationship Between the Length of an Active Wrestling Career with Selected Attitudes and Behavior Caused by the Covid-19 Virus Pandemic

Author(s): Nikola Starcevic,Ivan Belcic,Dubravka Sajkovic / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The main aim of this paper is manifested in the hypothesis that there is a statistically significant correlation between the length of an active wrestling career and selected attitudes and behaviours caused by the COVID-19 virus pandemic. The sample of respondents (N=131) consists of international wrestlers (average age 22.32±5.08 years) from all competition categories (seniors, senior juniors U23, juniors and cadets). The collected survey data were systematized based on obtained answers and numerical values and according to the instructions for interpretation of answers analysed with particle frequencies and descriptive statistics. Correlation analysis proved statistically significant negative association (r = - 0,19) between the length of an active wrestling career and the behaviour of wearing a protective mask during the COVID-19 virus pandemic. Observing all age groups, attitudes indicate concern about the infection of acquaintances, and the behaviour of wrestlers emphasizes the importance of washing hands, wearing masks, and using disinfectants. Wrestlers are also aware of the dangers of the virus for their careers and are informed and follow the instructions of experts.

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Does the Amount of Injuries Affect the Final Ranking at the End of the Competitive Season in Football?

Author(s): Alen Marosevic,Ivan Belcic,Cvita Gregov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The aim of this research is to determine whether a larger number of injuries in the team affects the final competitive achievement of clubs in the 1st Croatian Football League. Data on injuries in training and matches were collected using UEFA's Injury Study Questionnaire. 340 players (in all 10 clubs) participated in the research. The Chi-square test was used for non-parametric tests while logistic regression analysis was used to correlate the independent and dependent variables. The hypothesis that clubs with lower rankings will have statistically significant more injuries has not been confirmed (p<0.05), but this difference (although not statistically confirmed) still exists between clubs that finished the championship at the top five compared to the low five clubs.

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Endurance Test on the Rowing Machine

Author(s): Tomáš Leuchter,Viktor Novotný,Jan Novotný,Petr Zahradníček,Michal Polách,Michal Punčochář,Petr Kellner / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The purpose of the study was to select or create a test that will be a suitable alternative to the Cooper 12-minute test for a large number of adults who are not able to undergo the running test.A literature review of aerobic capacity indicators and endurance fitness tests on the C2 rowing machine was prepared. The result of extensive research is the design for a simple test with a set duration, when the tested person should try to cover the greatest possible distance (i.e. maximum effort).To verify this, a pilot study was conducted using the new test and collected initial reference values to assess the physical fitness of individuals. A total of 323 students of the University of Defence (270 males, 53 females), aged 20.9±1.82, took the test. The endurance fitness indicators are the distance covered (s, m) and the average power (P, W). Statistical tests (t-test, correlation analysis, non-linear regression analysis, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov difference test, the Spearman correlation) were used to analyse differences and relationships between variables.The results of the pilot study demonstrate the applicability of the created test under required conditions. Significant differences between males and females confirm the necessity of evaluating test results separately for each gender. Low correlations between fitness indicators to body weight and height do not support the need to use relative fitness indicators (per kg of body weight). The results of the study provided initial reference values for individual assessment of aerobic fitness.

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Effects of 4-week Olympic weightlifting training on speed and power performance in recreational athletes

Author(s): Šime Veršić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Olympic weightlifting (OW) is sport with high strength and power demands where athletes need to explosively lift heavy weights. It is consisted of barbell lifting snatch and clean and jerk disciplines. In the strength and conditioning training, OW techniques are often used as a method for speed and power development. The aim of this study was to determine effects of 4-week OW training intervention on speed, agility and power performance among young recreational athletes. The sample of participants consisted of 12 Kinesiology students (average 23 years old). They attended the Olympic Weightlifting course. The training intervention lasted 4 weeks and with 3 training sessions per week in which participants practiced OW training based on learning OW techniques and auxiliary lifts execution. Before and after the intervention, measurement was conducted and included power, speed and agility tests. Squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ) were used to estimated lower body power and medicine ball throw (MBT) for upper body power. Sprinting on 5 meters (S5) and 15 meters (S15) were conducted as power and speed tests, while 20 yards test (20Y) measured nonreactive agility performance. All variables were descriptively analysed and T-test for dependent samples was used to determine possible effects of training intervention. Results showed improvement in jumping capacities, with statistically significant difference noted only for CMJ (p>0.01). Upper body power and agility performance did not show any significant changes, while a decline in sprinting performance was found for both S5 (p>0.01) and S15 (p>0.01). While the results in jumping variables are expected and in accordance with current scientific knowledge, the results in sprint tests are somewhat confusing. Possible explanation for this can be found in the fact that the participants worked for four weeks the tasks that biomechanically are not similar to the structure of sprinting movement. This could suggest that athletes who want to improve their explosive speed capacities should include specific sprint stimuli in their training program in addition to OW training program. In the future, more variables and longer treatment duration need to be applied.

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SEMIOTIC ASPECTS OF PERSONAL BRAND – ROGER FEDERER

Author(s): Cristian Arhip,Odette Arhip / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 33/2023

Our contribution offers a semiotic analysis of the advertisements in which Roger Federer, a sports legend, appears. The material also includes a swot analysis and one of the consumer market that the Swiss player has a beneficial influence on. The personal brand is always a current problem, and the name Federer is enough to provide a complete and astonishing flowering even after the end of the actual career.

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A Competition Question: Horse Welfare, Pentathletes, and Competitive Riding

Author(s): Aviva Lauren Vincent,Ruth Burke,Kaylynn Coates / Language(s): English Issue: Sp. issue/2023

Equestrian sports vary in degree of human-animal bond and affiliation, from catch-ride to perceptions of ownership. The Modern Pentathlon has not garnered mainstream media coverage until the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo. Unfortunately, the rise in conversation and coverage was in response and reaction to poor horsemanship, negative behavior, and aggressive coaching. The events of the 2020 Modern Pentathlon were profound in that they highlighted the extreme juxtaposition of competitions that focus on bonded relationships and catch-riding experiences. The implications are far reaching with increased critique of equestrian sports, transparency about the lack of riding training athletes engaged in prior to competition, and the omission of partnership between horse and rider. The Modern Pentathlon is discussed in the context of the human-equine bond. The standards for equine welfare and wellbeing is considered in regard to the role of the rider in supporting their equine partner in the face of competition, including the implications of emotional distress in reaction to disappointment, and tragedy. Additionally, the role of riders when they are not engaged in the competitive sport (e.g., training and general care of their equine partners). Recommendations for the process and guidelines of the sport are delineated, as well as professional opportunities to strengthen the sport.

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Анализ на техническата подготвеност и представяне на българските джудисти в международни първенства

Author(s): Anzhelina Yaneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article examines the technical capabilities and performance of Bulgarian and foreign judo competitors in international championships. The presentation of some studies by different authors on the technical training of judo competitors during meetings of the world and Olympic competitions is aimed at analyzing and comparing the technical arsenal used by Bulgarian judokas at international championships.

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The Perspective of the Scout Coaches on the Material Practical Guidebook for Enforcement Scouts Bantara in Man Aceh Big Year 2022

Author(s): Ruwaida Ruwaida,Syamsulrizal Syamsulrizal,Yeni Marlina,Sukardi Putra,Miskalena Miskalena / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

The Scout Movement is trusted and touted as the front guard for character education for the younger generation, wherein the 2013 Curriculum requires students to participate in scouting as a mandatory extracurricular activity at school. Implementing Scout extracurricular activities will train students to be responsible and practice the Dasa Darma values and Try Satya, which is used as a guide in implementing discipline and responsibility. This study examines the scoutmaster's perspective on the material in the Practical Guidebook for Enforcement of Scouts Bantara and how Scout Guidance is carried out. This type of research uses descriptive methods and qualitative approaches with evaluation research types. The population in this study were all scoutmasters of the State Aliyah Madrasa (MAN), namely, 6 Madrasas in Aceh Besar. The samples taken in this study were scoutmasters at MAN Aceh Besar, totalling 14 scoutmasters. Researchers used observation techniques and filled out questionnaires to informants. Based on the results, an average of 33% answered strongly agrees, 65% responded they agree, and 2% answered unsure, according to the statement questions in the questionnaire that the researcher distributed. This Guidebook helps scoutmasters to understand better scouting coaching activities. It regulates Scouting activities to be more focused and allows scoutmasters from the basics, such as planning Scout activities.

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Achievement Motivation of Football Players when Entering the Competition

Author(s): Ismed Nunu,Razali Razali,Amanda Syukriadi,Jul Fajrial,Fachrizal Ambia,Myrza Akbari / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

Several factors influence each other to increase the achievement of football players, one of which is the psychological factor, namely achievement motivation. This study aims to analyze the level of achievement motivation of soccer players who participate in competitions. This type of research is a type of evaluation research. The population in this study were all soccer players from the Pidie Regency team, Aceh province, Indonesia, who participated in inter-district tournament competitions in Aceh, totalling 22 people. The sample of this research is all members of the population, amounting to 22 people. The instrument used in this study for achievement motivation variables used a questionnaire with a Likert scale. Data analysis used a level and percentage categorization scale. Based on the results of the study, the average score for the achievement motivation level of football players was 131.68 (in the medium category) with the following details: three respondents (13.63%) were in a low type, six respondents (27.28%) were in the medium category, and the remaining 13 respondents (59.09%) gave answers in the high class.

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Приложение на основни средства при обучениет по физическо възпитание в интерактивна среда

Author(s): Dechko М. Ignatov,Maria N. Bureva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

This study aims to study the impact of mobile and other games as a method of complex effect on the development of pupils of primary school age, applied in combination with group racing organization of work in the process of physical education. These are the creative engine models with complex character whose decisions are based on acquiring knowledge, developing skills and building attitudes. They put players in situations of active communication with each other. Activating personal decisions based on communication, cooperation, dialogue, analysis and deciding on a specific problem based on prior learning and physical experience.

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Z dziejów jeździectwa na Lubelszczyźnie. Pierwsze wyścigi konne w Lublinie w 1860 r.

Author(s): Andrzej Przegaliński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

The article is an attempt to describe the first equestrian competitions held in Lublin in 1860. The background for the deliberations was the history of horse breeding and races in the Kingdom of Poland, starting from the years of the Polish Constitutional Kingdom to finish on the inter-uprising era. The following article can also be treated as a contribution to the history of the Agricultural Society – after all, the agricultural exhibition held at that time in the capital of the Lublin Governorate and accompanied by the number of attractions (including the horse races) was the last such event organized under the patronage of the Society.

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Подготовка на подрастващи футболисти в зависимост от компетенциите и възможностите на техните треньори

Author(s): Stefan H. Bazelkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The report analyzed an 11-question survey. There are 38 coaches. They work with young footballers in schools, clubs and academies. The questions are aimed at researching the current state of football in Bulgaria. Frequency analysis was performed and response rates were calculated. Conclusions and recommendations for practice are made.

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Социологическо проучване на двигателната активност и здравната култура на студенти от му Варна

Author(s): Teodora J. Ignatova,Karolina P. Nikolova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The purpose of the research is to study the state of motor activity and health culture of the students in "Nurse" and "Midwife" specialties from MU "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov", Shumen branch. A sociological study was conducted with grouped questions in the following areas: self-assessment level of health culture, motivation for motor activity, nutrition and harms.

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RECONSTRUCTION OF STADIUMS: A CASE STUDY OF UKRAINE

Author(s): Oleksandr Chub,Iryna Kreizer / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

Motives: In Ukraine, stadiums have been built in line with global design and construction standards.Light and color play an important role in the design process, and traditional regional forms andornaments have been incorporated into conceptual designs. The construction or reconstructionof stadium is fraught with numerous problems due to the need to separate different categoriesof spectators, ensure spectator comfort, and decrease project costs.Aim: The aim of this article was to analyze and compare the condition of Ukrainian stadiums in 2020and 2022–23, to identify the reasons for poor stadium maintenance, and to propose solutions to theseproblems.Results: The main characteristics and design concepts of Ukrainian stadiums were described.The existing problems were identified in each stadium, and potential solutions were proposed. Stadiumreconstruction projects were reviewed, and their strengths and weaknesses were described.

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Prvi daruvarski nogometni klubovi

Author(s): Davor Ambroš / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 7/2022

This paper reconstructs the beginnings of football and football events in Daruvar (where several football clubs were active) between 1919 and 1944. The first football clubs, their results and the inevitable ups and downs are also mentioned. The political orientation of each football club determined the specific audience for each club. The focus is on a historical review and retrospective of events both on and off the football field. The paper aimed to demonstrate the evolution of football in Daruvar.

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SPORTSKO TURISTIČKI AVION TROJKA

Author(s): Nebojša Đokić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2023

The paper briefly describes the history of the 251 Troika sports-tourist aircraft. The aircraft was developed on the basis of tender TKV2 no. 1940/46 for sports-tourist aircraft. The first flight of the prototype, made in Ikarus, was on October 6, 1947. In 1949, 57 Troika aircraft were delivered, and in 1951, another 23 aircraft were delivered. Out of a total of 80 produced in the Utva factory Troika aircraft 73 were handed over to the Air Force, while the remaining 7 were scrapped in the air force before handing over.

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DOSAGE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY USING DETERMINATION OF VENTILATORY ANAEROBIC THRESHOLD BY CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TEST

Author(s): Tamara Stojmenović,Dragutin Stojmenović,Miloš Purković / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Dosing physical activity is a very important segment in the exercise do-main of every person, whether they are a child, an recreational person or a professional athlete. The aim of this paper is to present the most optimal and direct method for assessing the functional status of an individual and to explain the way in which physical activity can be dosed most effectively using a Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). In this work, the descriptive method of conducting the CPET test was used as a standard for determining the beginning of physical activity, but also for determining training thresholds. Adequate physical activity should be optimally dosed, neither too much nor too little, but sufficient to cause physical adaptation of the organism to effort. In sport and physical activity, the heart rate parameter and the determination of the degree of fatigue in relation to the maximum heart rate of the person exercising are most often used to measure effort.

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APPLICATION OF DELPHI METHOD IN SPORTS

Author(s): Dejan R. Dašić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

A well-liked and reputable technique for gathering data from experts in a field of expertise is the Delphi method. This approach may be used to conduct surveys with qualified respondents from a wide geographic area because face-to-face interaction is not necessary. The Delphi method survey is a practical tool for obtaining expert opinions through repetitive rounds of controlled feedback. To have the maximum response rate possible, investigators must actively engage in this area. Participant cooperation is essential for the Delphi process to be carried out successfully. The main goal of this paper is to offer insights which can be useful to other researchers and practitioners preparing to apply Delphi methodology. Moreover, the article contributes to the methodological debate by taking into consideration the introduction of new practices that can be used to overcome certain classical issues of the Delphi methodology: optimal panel size, objectivity, controlled feedback, participant response rate, etc.

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ATHLETES AND NUTRITION

Author(s): Siniša Franjić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Sports nutrition is the one that, in addition to satisfying the energy and nutritional needs of the athlete, will provide him or her with good health, the effectiveness of sports performances, but also good recovery after training or competition and prevent injuries. Sports nutrition should be well organized and planned, varied, and the emphasis is on meeting the greater energy and nutritional needs of athletes. These increased needs for energy and nutrient intake are not significantly higher and can be met with a proper and varied nutrition. Athletes should be enabled and encouraged to have a proper, varied and well-planned diet in order to withstand daily training. This means that they need nutritious and regular meals.

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BE POSITIVE AND ENGAGE IN TRAINING: POSITIVE ORIENTATION AND MARATHON PERFORMANCE

Author(s): Michał Kędra,Mariola Łaguna / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

Psychological mechanisms explaining running performance have not been fully identified yet. One of the factors potentially important in running performance is positive orientation—a higher order construct capturing the core of self-esteem, life satisfaction, and optimism. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of positive orientation in explaining running performance of recreational runners. The study involved 204 recreational runners taking part in a marathon race. Before the race, they reported their positive orientation, training engagement, BMI, and previous marathon experience. Actual running performance was measured using runners’ personal bib numbers and their objective time scores obtained from the official competitors’ list after the race. Structural equation modelling results show that the higher is runners’ positive orientation, the higher is also their training engagement before the marathon, which in turn predicts their actual running performance. The study extends the understanding of a role of personality in recreational sport performance. The findings broaden also evidence concerning the role of positive orientation in effective functioning.

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