Note privind reconstituirea unor etape de refacere a picturii Bisericii Icoanei din București

Author(s): Gabriela Ştefăniţă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 6/2017

Icoanei Church from Bucharest was built between 1784-1786 by Panait Băbeanu, a great captain in the military forces (lefegii). It was the product of troubled times marked by a new type of social and economic life, intended for the urban space par excellence and the development of the architecture and auxiliary arts in Wallachia and Moldavia corresponded to the Turkish-Fanariot regime. The fresco ensemble from the Icoanei Church in Bucharest was overpainted in many stages in different techniques, the final layer being oil paint. Recent restoration work between 2010-2017 on the mural highlighted the evolution of the interventions in time and mostly led to the discovery and assigning of the 18th century iconography.

Zidăria americană în perioada interbelică și îmbunătățirea performanței energetice a clădirilor moderniste

Author(s): Raluca Zaharia / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 9/2020

Rehabilitation of interwar buildings is a challenge both structurally and in terms of finishes and energy efficiency. Interwar architecture, the modernist built fund represents a significant percentage of the existing built fund. The lack of consolidation and rehabilitation interventions in the last 20 years offers the opportunity for such projects to appear. The specialized technical literature on construction solutions and finishes specific to that period is limited, with emphasis on using the traditional materials and techniques or the import of some techniques by means of Italian craftsmen. This article explores a construction technique less known today but quite popular in the interwar period – American masonry.

Distemper-paint – probleme de terminologie în contextul identificării tehnicii picturilor murale din bisericile de lemn din România

Author(s): Andreea Darida / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 9/2020

Triunghi. Sculptură-arhitectură-agricultură. Un centru pentru arte și viață

Author(s): Andrei Tache,Alexandra Mihailciuc / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 9/2020

At the Art Farm we are building together with sculptors Marian and Victoria Zidaru, the project Triangle architecture-sculpture-agriculture, a set of houses, modular art galleries, conference rooms, workshops and concerts, in a concept of cultural and human ecology. We hope to make in the area a place for people, arts and crafts, with training experiences, increasingly necessary in the landscape of contemporary life. Keywords: Triangle: architecture-sculpture-agriculture, a new rurality, transmission and permanent learning, restoration in the broadest sense, architecture as a pretext, cultural and human ecology, art farm, rural specific, eco-economy, heritage and manual labour for all, education through arts and architecture.

FOLKLROLIZMUS A TELEPÜLÉS MEGŐRZÉSÉNEK SZOLGÁLATÁBAN: A KANIZSAMONOSTORI PÉLDA

Author(s): Valéria Beszédes / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2020

Medieval Hungary was a densely populated, developed area that remained largely devoid of population after the Battle of Mohács. Resettlement from the end of the eighteenth to the first third of the nineteenth century continued uninterrupted and this significant period represented the time when the Hungarians from the Szeged region took possession of Banat. I paid attention to Banatski Monoštor when the first camp of folk music and folklore was organized by the Ferenc Mora Cultural Center in Čoka in the early 1990s. It is also part of the truth that, at the time, as a guardian of culture in Banatski Monoštor, I didn't find much worth mentioning. According to the construction inspector of Čoka, Istvan Čonti, Banatski Monoštor represents the Vojvodina example of the famous ethnological rarity, the village Hollókő (Raven stone) in northern Hungary. In 2010, we investigated the settlement with the employees of the Inter-municipal Institute for the Protection of Monuments in Subotica and summarized the results obtained and the experience gained in the article. The result is not encouraging, the village is doomed to extinction. The architectural heritage of the settlement is not exceptional, the population is old, there are no job opportunities, however, the folk music and folklore camps held in Banatski Monoštor can provide an opportunity to preserve this settlement with a long history, which ultimately served as a place from which the resettlements again occurred during the eighteenth century.

Mostar - dekonstrukcija urbanog centra Hercegovine

Author(s): Dario Terzić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 19/2020

Cities have become a place where the waste of globalization is dumped, forcing us to increasingly look for local solutions to global processes. Cities thus become battlefields, laboratories. For centuries, cities have been protected by their walls, and over time a certain culture of the gate was created, and thus a certain protocol of behavior and interaction. Ethnicity has become a dominant role in conflicts and in urban wars for space and the use of space, and it is absurd that in the era of globalization such conflicts appear that delimit the territory. A new unusual mode of conflict, not to mention warfare, is awakening in divided cities such as Glasgow, Belfast, Mostar. Over time, “cities of icons” are created - Sarajevo, Mostar, Grozny, Mogadishu, Beirut. The city is a battlefield, it is a jungle to be conquered, and at the same time from which one wants to escape. We are afraid of the unknown,of the different - whether it is an individual or a group. That fear exists, and it is evident.Until the war, Catholicism, Orthodoxy and Islam were almost equally represented in Mostar. That balance has long since been lost. Before the war, Mostar was equally important for all parts of Herzegovina. We cannot view space not only as a dwelling machine but also as a way of thinking, as a territory. Divided cities must rediscover their spaces, places of communication, exchanges.

Hotel Ruža Mostar: Tranzicijske heterotopije u arhitekturi i urbanizmu

Author(s): Majda Turkić,Bernard Harbaš / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 19/2020

This essay aims to elucidate how political paradigm transitions affect trends in architecture and urbanization. For this purpose, the Foucault term heterotopias are used as the notion that reflects architectural and constructed objects as not merely being places of living, but also the status and power symbols of certain individuals and the ruling oligarchy. To illustrate our premise, we used a devastated, organically constructed, socialistic Hotel Ruža, located in the old town city center, which was later, during the postwar reconstruction, turned into a modern building. Today, this newly reconstructed hotel aims to show the guests’ affiliation to a specific social class and create the simulacrum that Mostar is an urbanized and modern city that possesses traditional elements interposed with contemporary urbanistic constructs. However, at the same time, this modern building’s construction serves to create a feeling or an illusion that the country is approaching western, developed urban spaces, while the reality is very different.

Tradita dhe risi në mënyrën e jetesës në fshat

Author(s): Andromaqi Gjergji / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 02al/1987

Ndërtim i i shoqërisë socialiste është një proces i gjithanshëm ku zhviilimi i prodhimit është në unitet me forcimin e rendit shoqëror, me plotësimin e nevojave materiale e kulturore të të gjithë punonjësve dhe me rritjen e vazhdueshm e të mirëqenies së tyre.

Qyteti i korçës dhe arkitektura popullore shqiptare gjatë gjysmës së dytë të shek. XIX dhe fillimit të shek. XX

Author(s): Pirro Thomo / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 01al/1987

Studimet e deritanishme, të mbështetura mbi një material të gjerë faktik që ruhet deri në ditët tona, kanë dalluar dy periudha kryesore në zhvillimin e arkitekturës popullore shqiptare. Kufiri i tyre kalon nga mesi i shek. XIX dhe lidhet me ndryshimet që ndodhën në jetën ekonomike e shoqërore të vendit.

Mjedisi dhe elementet arkitektonike në epikën heroike legjendare

Author(s): Pirro Thomo / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 02al/1984

Në problematikën e gjerë e komplekse që përfshin studimi i epikës legjendare, problemi i të banuarit, ndonëse jo i dorës së parë, nuk është krejt anësor. Ai qëndron në sfondin e ngjarjeve, përbën mjedisin ku jetojnë e veprojnë heronjtë dhe personazhet e epikës. Deri më sot vendi, përmbajtja dhe roli i këtij miedisi dhe i elementeve arkitektonike nuk janë bërë objekt i trajtimeve të veçanta. Ato janë prekur shkarazi në funksion të një ideje apo dukurie tjetër nga ndonjë autor, për shpjegimin e terminologjisë së ndërtimit të përdorur nga autorë të tjerë, ose për to janë dhënë komente në shënimet e fjalorët e përmbledhjeve të teksteve të këngëve.

«L’habitation rurale de l’Albanie du Nord»

Author(s): Ali Muka / Language(s): French Issue: 02fr/1983

Review of: Pirro THOMO, BANESA FSHATARE E SHQIPERISË VERIORE (L’habitation rurale de l’Albanie du Nord), Tirana 1981, Editions «8 Novembre», pp. 287. Review by: Ali Muka

Црква Светог Николаја у Ечки

Author(s): Ljiljana Fijat / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2011

Serbian Orthodox Church in Ecka is one of the oldest preserved cultural monuments in Banat. It is considered that it was built in 1711 by Serbs, after a great migration and exodus from Serbia in 1690. The church is dedicated to the Saint Nicholas, and the church’s slava is on May 9th according to the old or on May 22nd according to the new calendar. Only the two basin roof of wooden pieces are preserved from the original building. The roof of the belfry is also covered by wooden tiles, and it is done in Baroque style. Therefore it presents a rarity, because it is not common in the church architecture to cover new shapes with old materials. There is a part of the old iconostasis from 1744, the work of Nedeljko Popović Šerban, whose works mark the epoch of painting creation on the territory of Tamiš’s Banat. The iconostasis is well preserved and a part of it is in the Museum of Zrenjanin. The iconostasis in Baroque engraving is also kept in the church, and it was painted by Theodor Popović in 1786. The church’s gifts originate from different periods, and a few old books are of great importance. Regarding its great cultural and historical significance, the church is under protection of the state according to the Decision of the authorities in 1948, and it is declared as the national estate.

Сакрална баштина Јужног Баната

Author(s): Dimitrije Marinković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-3/2009

The sacred heritage of Southern Banat represents the artistic creativity in the field of architecture, painting and applied art which are subjected to Christian cult. The author reviews the history, development and western influences in church art and architecture of this region.

Цркве Свете Софије

Author(s): Georgiy Florovsky / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-3/2009

In the Orthodox Church, the Wisdom of God was never understood as an abstract energy – it was identified with Christ, the Incarnated Logos, which has its echo in the church art. The author briefly reviews the historical testimonies of such understanding, starting from New Testament writings, through the Byzantine era to the late Middle Ages in Russia.

Banaz Çeşmelerinin Uşak Çeşme Mimarisi İçerisindeki Yeri ve Korunma Durumları

Author(s): Türkan Acar / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 03/2020

Fountains are the last point where water is found among the communities in the front row among the primary life sources of people with its functional characteristics. With this important situation, the social fabric they create around the fountains creates a dominant influence on their unquestionable value. The fountains were built in different geographies, with different architectural creations and with different plans and facade features, being preferred in every period. Our work contains the plan, architecture and decorative features of the twenty-eight fountains, dating from the last period of the Ottoman period according to the inscriptions and architectural details, located in the Banaz district of Uşak province. The aim is to document and publicize these structures which are primarily open to natural or human destruction. In this context, each one of the works determined has been shot, taken detailed measurements and drawings drawn and have been taken their GPS values. Fountains were introduced with plan and mass edifices, and their places in Uşak fountains were typologically discussed.

ENDÜSTRİYEL DUVAR KAPLAMALARI SERAMİKLERİNDE SELÇUKLU GEOMETRİSİNİN KULLANIMI

Author(s): Fulya Savaş,S. Sibel Sevim / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 80/2021

Ceramic coatings (tiles) had been used on the interior and exterior surfaces of the 13th century architectural structures for centuries during the Seljuk Period. These coatings have increased the value of this cultural heritage with not only their rich pattern features but also the extraordinary use of patterns in compositions. The characteristic feature of this period had been constituted by Seljuk's unique understanding of technique and pattern. Especially the most attractive applications of geometric patterns are seen in the decoration of architectural structures belonging to the Seljuks. Geometric patterns, one of the most widely used design elements in wall covering decorations, are very rich in design, technique and variety. These geometric patterns have contributed significantly to our cultural heritage with their extraordinary use by reflecting the richness in pattern diversity, the understanding of infinity and symmetry that have a wide area in compositions, besides their formal features. The transformation of ceramic art into industry in Anatolian soils started in the Republic period. The establishment of the ceramic industry dates back to the planned development periods that started in the 1950s. With the industrial revolution of the 18th century and the development of technology, the start of mass production activities led to the emergence of the ceramic industry and the design requirement. In this period, ceramic art tiles replaced by ceramic coatings. The Seljuk tile art heritage, which forms a bridge for the transfer of cultural heritage from the past to the future, has been a design heritage for the Turkish Ceramic Industry by transferring the art accumulation that has been ongoing for thousands of years from generation to generation, and it also continues to be a source of inspiration for the works in the architecture and ceramics industry today. In this article; the Anatolian Seljuk’s geometry and its usage in today's architecture in industrial wall coverings are examined and the effects of the Seljuk period on today's works are explained.

AMASYA MERKEZ BÜYÜK KIZILCA KÖYÜ İSTASYON CAMİ

Author(s): Neslihan Korkmaz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 67/2020

Büyük Kızılca Village, which is on the Tokat-Amasya highway, is 22 km away from the city center. It is a village connected to the central district of Amasya. The construction of the İstasyon Mosque which is the subject of our research, started in 1956 and was completed in 1958. The building registered in 2011, is intact and open to worship. The master of the building is Mehmed Çavdar from Zile. It is known that the village people also contributed to the construction of the mosque and a mobile workshop was established near the construction site. The mosque has undergone various repairs over time while the original minaret was preserved, and a new minaret was added to its north in 1995. The portico of mosque, which was a closed space in the north, was added to the building later. The building which sits on a rectangular plan in the north-south direction is covered with a fringed hipped roof from the facades. The building is noteworthy with its wooden overlapping ceiling covering the bland. The enceinte is covered with a rectangular three-stories wooden overlapping ceiling with the beam at the bottom, with a rectangular floor near the square in the middle. Geometric and botanical decorations are used on the ceiling. The ceiling colored with root points prepared in the traveling workshop is important. In our study, the structure was handled with wooden overlay ceiling constructions and decorations. The mosque which was built using traditional building elements in the Republican era is important in terms of transferring the knowledge and experiences it has brought from its past to the 20th century and this mosque’s master also holds a significant place since he is one of the last masters who follow this tradition. Evaluations were made by taking into consideration the traditional practices in the building.

HARBETSUVAN TEPESİ 2019 YILI KAZI ÇALIŞMASI

Author(s): Bahattin Çelik,Hatice TOSYAGÜLÜ ÇELİK / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 48/2020

In the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period, especially at the beginning of the 9th millennium BC emerging of the density of the settlements and increasing in number of the similar settlements in Urfa region show how attractive the region in the Neolithic Period. It can be understood from the similarity of the finds from the settlements that the connections between the centers are more intense than expected. Sefer Tepe, Kurt Tepesi, Hamzan Tepe, Taşlı Tepe, Karahan Tepe and Harbetsuvan Tepe are the centers show similar features especially with "T" shaped pillars. In 2017 excavations with Şanlıurfa Museum started at Harbetsuvan Tepe, which has similar and same size T shaped pillars with Göbeklitepe’s 2nd layer. These were rescue excavations mostly carried out to understand the extent of the damage caused by illegal excavations and new architectural and archaeological finds were unearthed. The presence of the pillars, in the middle of the rectangular structures or within the walls, unearthed from the Harbetsuvan Tepe excavations show it’s similarity with the structures of 2nd layer of Göbeklitepe. There are finds unearthed unique to this period such as a piece of sculpture with phallus, pillar with arm and finger relief, Byblos arrowheads, flat axes, obsidian arrowhead, small decorative stone plaque, basalt pestles and big stone bowls. Harbetsuvan Tepe excavations definitely revealed it’s a new center which has a second cult center features besides Göbekli Tepe. In addition, the importance of Harbetsuvan Tepe increased one more time when the Karahan Tepe excavations started in 2019 which is on 7 km northeast of Harbetsuvan Tepe. In this study new architectural and archaeological finds unearthed from Harbetsuvan Tepe excavation in 2019 will be evaluated.

TYANA ROMA HAMAMI KAZILARINDA ORTAYA ÇIKAN SÜTUN BAŞLIK PARÇALARI

Author(s): Tahir GÜRKAN,Osman Doğanay / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 48/2020

Cappadocia; Pontos in the north, Lycaonia and Galatia in the west, Cilicia in the south and Armenia Minor in the east. The region has an important place due to the presence of the Cilician Gates where Mesopotamia and Anatolia are connected. Tyana is an important city in the region due to its location. The city has been called by different names by different civilizations over time. The name of the city is known as Tuwanuwa in the Hittite Age, Tuwana in the Late Hittite Period, Dana the Persians and Hellenes, Tyana in the Roman period, Kilisehisar in the Ottoman period and Kemerhisar in the Republic period. Another important issue for the city is that it is the place where the famous philosopher Apollonius was born. The importance given to the city increased during the Severus Dynasty in the Roman Imperial Age. The most important reason for this increase was the admiration of Iulia Domna and Septimius Severus to Apollonius of Tyana. Consequently, his son Caracalla was also interested in Apollonius. Especially during the reign of Emperor Caracalla carried out various reconstruction activities in the city. Aqueducts, Roman Pool and Roman Baths were built in various functions. The Roman Bath is located to the south of the ancient city. The water of the bath was collected in the Roman Pool near the mound known as Köşkhöyük in the northeast of the city and was brought to the city through aqueducts built towards the city and provided through the trunks. Therefore, the architectural fragments of the at hare dated to the Severus period, that is to the 3rd century AD.

Tomb architecture and distribution in the Eastern Necropolis of Nea Paphos, Cyprus

Author(s): Vasiliki Lysandrou / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2020

The Eastern necropolis of Nea Paphos is one of the most significant funerary landscapes of Cyprus, primarily because of its connection with the capital of the island during the Hellenistic and Roman times, and therefore of importance for the archaeology of the Eastern Mediterranean. The first systematic exploration of the site took place in the 1980s in the form of rescue excavations. Only limited research has been undertaken since then. This article discusses the necropolis based on unpublished material from the rescue excavations. It presents the tombs’ architecture; partially reconstructs the burial ground; reveals the extension of the necropolis; triggers questions related to the dynamics between nearby necropolis, and its potential correlation to satellite habitation sites.