Tjelesna ontologija duše i zdravstvena reforma: adventistički zaokret u kršćanskoj antropologiji

Author(s): Matija Kovačević / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 03/139/2015

Following the spread of Platonic anthropology, Christianity has started, already since the 2nd century A.D., to be dominated by dualism – a trend undisturbed by somewhat more holistic Thomism, and further strengthened by Cartesianism, which distanced Christian theology and soul even further away from the body. During the 1960s, theologians have become aware of the far more positive and inclusive attitude that the Bible has towards the body. Yet, a century before, the Adventist movement was born in conditionalism such as presented by Hobbes in Leviathan (XLIV). Man does not have a soul; he is a “living soul” – a body vivified by the “breath of life” (Gen 2:7). Without the body, there is no life, nor, consequentially, eternal hell. To this Adventists have also conjoined a philosophy of health reform in which the care of the body has a key role, and upon which depends man’s intellectual and spiritual wellbeing. On this foundation, they have built a rich healthcare and educational practice. This physicalist version of Christian anthropology is a unique worldview contribution to philosophy of the body and a subject worthy of academic attention.

DOKTORZY TEOLOGII Z ZAKRESU BIBLISTYKI WYDZIAŁU TEOLOGICZNEGO UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLOŃSKIEGO WYPROMOWANI PO II WOJNIE ŚWIATOWEJ

Author(s): Piotr Wisz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2014

After World War II at the Theological Faculty of Jagiellonian University in Cracow the dissertations in the area of the Holy Scripture were written by thirty two priests. Dissertations connected with the Bible were written at the seminar of Biblical Study of the Old Testament and at the seminar of Biblical Science of the New Testament. The priests wrote them under the guidance of the following lecturers: rev. Józef Kaczmarczyk, rev. Aleksy Klawek, rev. Władysław Smereka and rev. Piotr Stach. Twelve theses concerned issuses connected with the Old Testament, nineteen with the New Testament. One dissertation had both the Old and the New Testament connections. Most of papers were the translations from original languages with the comments of some parts of the Bible.Some of the priests with doctorates were employed at the theological departments of Polish universities and in seminaries. Doctors promoted by Theological Faculty of Jagiellonion University had great impact on the development of biblical thought and popularization of the Holy Scripture among the faithful in Poland in the second half of XX century.

BETLEJEM – POMIĘDZY TEOLOGIĄ, HISTORIĄ I ARCHEOLOGIĄ

Author(s): Adam Kubiś / Language(s): Polish Issue: 18-20/2013

The paper deals with one of the crucial places on the map of salvation geography (Heilsgeographie), namely Bethlehem. Starting with a discussion of the etymology of the city’s name, both in Biblical Hebrew (house of bread) and in ancient Akkadian cuneiform script (house of [the goddess] Lahmu/ Lakhamu), the study then analyses all of the Old Testament references (with a special focus on the oracle of Micah 5:1) and New Testament references to Bethlehem. An overview of the economic and demographic situation of the Judean small towns and villages like Bethlehem during the Herodian era supplements the analysis. There is also an attempt to dispel the false conflict regarding a proper understanding of the locus of Jesus’ birth: stable presumed from the biblical data (cf. manger) versus cave attested in patristic writings and suggested by archeological survey of the area. The exact meaning of the Lucan term katalyma, meaning living space/room and not inn (as widely followed by modern translations of the NT), is also discussed, along with a brief overview of scholarly explanations as to reasons for the lack of room in the katalyma. The study ends with a note on the history of Bethlehem in the Roman and Byzantine periods, focusing on the traditional spot of Jesus’ birth as it was transformed into a pagan, and later Christian, place of cult.

Sedam darova Duha Svetoga. Moralno promišljanje u duhu skolastičke teologije

Author(s): Marinko Perković / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2015

Despite an insufficiently developed pneumatological dimension in moral theology, in the first part of this article the author points to the active presence of the Holy Spirit in the life of Christians. (e notes that anonymity and namelessness are defining characteristics of the Third Person of the Trinity. Therefore, the very activity of the Spirit is hidden, which means it is difficult to show it in a systematic way. As the Spirit works in the soul and through seven gifts that empower and strengthen Christians in the way of holiness, the second part of the article describes each gift individually. After this the author offers some insights and conclusions in the final part: the gifts of the Holy Spirit are not noticeable in the lives of many baptized Christians because these people may not be open to such a course of action of the Spirit. )n addition, many believers do not know or have forgotten that these gifts really exist. Therefore, at the end of the article the author encourages devout Christians to remind their fellow believers that in their inner being there is the hidden treasure of the Holy Spirit and that this needs to be brought to the surface so that it can enrich them and others. If they succeed, they will become inwardly freer, more faithful to Christ, more responsible and more morally mature.

Manifestari ale Facultatii de Teologie ortodoxa din Arad desfasurate in anul 2015

Author(s): Filip Albu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 01-03/2016

“Ilarion V. Felea” Orthodox Theology Faculty of the “Aurel Vlaicu” University in Arad concluded the year 2015 with a series of academic, spiritual and social events that emphasize the intense involvement of teachers and students in the process of shaping the theological future of priesthood, as well as social-cultural activities, which increases this institution’s contribution to promoting values of the Church not only locally and nationally, but also beyond the country’s borders. In structuring this material, we have managed to gather all own information published in the written and online media (especially websites such as: Basilica and the website of the Archbishopric of Arad, Lumina and Calea Mântuirii publications), laid out in chronological order, resembling an „institutional logbook”.

Prezentari bibliografice

Author(s): Florin Popovici,Florin Iordache,Stelian Gombos,Radu Botis / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 01-03/2016

Sprawozdanie z działalności dydaktyczno-naukowej Wyższego Seminarium Duchownego w Rzeszowie za rok akademicki 2008

Author(s): Andrzej Widak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 16/2009

Die Rezeption der Matthäus-Passion von Johann Walter und die Passionstradition in Siebenbürgen

Author(s): Greta Konradt / Language(s): German Issue: _/2014

Seit der Entstehung der christlichen Kirche steht die biblische Geschichte des Leidensweges Jesu nicht nur im Mittelpunkt des christlichen Glaubens – sie ist über Jahrhunderte hinweg ein zentrales Motiv der religiösen Kunst gewesen. In früheren Zeiten diente die Leidensgeschichte nicht bloß als Thema der Kontemplation religiöser Frömmigkeit, sie verlangte geradezu danach, veranschaulicht zu werden. Ob in der Malerei, der Bildhauerei oder der Musik: die Dramatik des Verrats, der Verhöhnung und des abscheulichen Martyriums Hat unzählige Künstler gefesselt und sie künstlerisch inspiriert. Einige der wertvollsten Kunstwerke Europas stellen das Leiden und Sterben Jesu dar – Michelangelos Pieta ist zweifelsohne das berühmteste Beispiel dafür.

Agape vastete kujunemisest eesti piiblitõlgetes

Author(s): Sven-Erik Soosaar / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 61/2015

The development of the lexicon and conceptual system of Estonian has been influenced by the translation of Bible into Estonian. In order to achieve a more precise translation, new words were created either by means of borrowings or derivation using extant word stems. One of the central concepts in Christianity is agape (love), which was translated in early Estonian texts mostly by the word ‘arm’, which was a word with a rather broad meaning. During the Bible translation in the beginning of the 18th century, a new term ‘armastus’ was derived from the same-stem verb ‘armastama’, as an exact counterpart for Greek agape. In the later development of Estonian, the meaning of this term expanded. In the article, the development of Estonian counterparts of agape and the closely related concepts charis and eleos are examined with the comparisons of Latin and German terms, which were languages also used in Estonia during the missionary work and Bible translation.

За следите от Методиевия превод на Книгата на пророк Йеремия

Author(s): Tatyana Mostrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2016

The article presents preliminary observations concerning the excerpts from the Book of Jeremiah in the Archival Chronograph (fifteenth century) and Vilno Chronograph (sixteenth century). According to their content, localization and linguistic characteristics, they fall into two main groups. Some of the excerpts are identified as chapters from the Slavic Prophetologion and are connected with the translation made by Cyril and Methodius. Other chapters, which are not included in the Cyrillic and Glagolitic liturgical books, belong to the first, probably untranslated or now lost, part of the Book of Jeremiah. The excerpts that cannot be found in the Prophetologion also have archaic linguistic bases, connected to the translational techniques characteristic of the Cyrillo-Methodian translations, and differ considerably from the translation with commentaries that was made in Preslav. Whether these excerpts belong to an independent earlier translation, made by Methodius and his co-workers, or they are extracts from encyclopaedic miscellany, they provide valuable material for the study of this biblical book and of the Old Bulgarian translation of the Old Testament.

За възможните източници на апокрифния мотив „Сатанаил отказва да се поклони на Адам“ в едно раннохристиянско мъчение

Author(s): Ana Stoykova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2016

The article discusses the medieval literary works containing one of the variants of the apocryphal motif “the fall of the Rebel Angel from Heaven,” where Satanael calls himself “a fire flame” and refuses to bow to Adam, who was created “from mud.” A variant of this motif is found in the Slavonic version of an early anonymous Passion of St. George, while its Latin, Coptic and Ethiopian versions contain a more simplified variant – the reason for the refusal of the angel is his superior position in comparison to man. It seems possible that the Slavonic version preserved the original variant of the motif, known in the same form in only two more works – the Greek-Slavonic Apocalypse of Baruch (3 Baruch) and the Syriac Cave of Treasures, both of which preserved archaic features, whereas the Latin and the Oriental versions show traces of later changes. If this is indeed the case, the replacement of the earlier version occurred at a very early stage of the development of the text, probably already during the circulation of the Passion in Palestine or in Sinai.

Biblijny komponent tekstu cerkiewnosłowiańskiego (przykład staroserbskich zapisów)

Author(s): Izabela Lis-Wielgosz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 16/2016

The paper deals with the problem of the presence of biblical material in Old Church Slavonic texts. While this question has indeed already been broadly and repeatedly discussed by palaeo-Slavists, the developments in medieval studies and the achievements in textological and editorial fields have once again made it an open issue still demanding further elaborations and clarifications. In the discourse of the discipline, the topical question concerns not so much frequency or participation as of the modes of usage of the canonical corpus, that is its concrete and conscious application, whereby it becomes an intrinsic and recognizable component of the literary work. My deliberations are intentionally limited to the example of brief literary forms, namely the Old Serbian inscriptions, which have not yet been considered or even marginalized, although they constitute lofty artistic and autonomous forms of expression, mirroring the whole repertoire of ideas, motifs, constructions and reserves of proceedings and operational strategies characteristic of the Old Church Slavonic literature.

Наблюдения върху лексикалната вариативност при библейските цитати в Йоан-Екзарховия превод на De Fide Orthodoxa

Author(s): Tatyana Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2016

The paper presented here aims at comparing the theological terms as used, on the one hand, in the biblical quotations in John the Exarch’s translation of De fide orthodoxa and, on the other, in the Old Bulgarian (Grigirovich Prophetologion, Codex Marianus, Codex Zographiensis, Sinai Psalter, Enina Apostolos) as well as in some Middle Bulgarian (Bologna Psalter, Karpinski Apostolos, Ohridski Apostolos) Old Russian (Mstislav Gospels, Yurievski Gospels, Pogodinov Psalter, Chudov Psalter, Tolstoev Apostolos, Hristinopol Apostolos) and Old Serbian (Shishatovatski Apostolos, Matich Apostolos) monuments. Also taken in consideration are the respective parts in certain theological writings associated with the Preslav Literary Centre.

Към реконструкцията на превода от Константин Преславски на Второто слово против арианите от Атанасий Александрийски

Author(s): Pirinka Penkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2016

The author argues that the translation of Oratio II contra Arianos (MS 968 of the Pogodin Collection, National Library, St. Petersburg), attributed to Konstantin of Preslav, has been subject of two re-editions. The first Preslav translation of Orationes I–III is based on a Greek manuscript mainly belonging to the so-called x tradition with scattered features of the RSP tradition. In the first re-edition the editors did away with Konstantin of Preslav’s lexical innovations and unified the terminology. The second re-edition of Oratio II was prepared in accordance with a Greek manuscript falling strictly within the x tradition, without any RSP variants. Oratio III in MS 968 has not been re-edited by the last editor and has preserved the features of Konstantin’s original free translation. This points to a Greek protograph that must have had features of both the x and the RSP tradition. Closest to the Slavonic protograph of Oratio II and III is the Greek manuscript Atheniensis (gr. 428, tenth century). Some alternative readings are attested only in MS 968 and the Greek manuscripts Patmiacus 4 (tenth-eleventh century) and Patmiacus A3 (eleventh century). It is further argued that the quotations from Athanasius of Alexandria’s Oratio II in the Slavonic translation of Euthymius Zigabenos’s Panoplia Dogmatica in manuscript HM.SMS.186 of the Hilandar Research Library (Ohio State University) support the author’s hypothesis about the existence of two different translations of Oratio II: a verbatim translation in Pogodin 968 and a free translation in HM.SMS.186. Both translators must have used a Greek copy of Athanasius that corresponds to the x tradition.

ORIGEN IN RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY: FROM GREGORY SKOVORODA TO NIKOLAI BERDYAEV

Author(s): Alexey Kamenskikh / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Observing the history of reception of Origen’s intellectual heritage by Russian theologians and philosophers of the past few centuries, some key moments and figures are discernible. Those figures are Grigory Skovoroda (1722–1794), Vladimir Solovyov (1853– 1900), Sergei Bulgakov (1871–1944), Nicolay Berdyaev (1874–1948) and George Florovsky (1893–1979). Surely, the history of Origen’s reception in Russia cannot be reduced to them alone: translations were made of Origen’s works and special investigations were conducted into some aspects of his theology. But those authors’ significance for our outline is determined by (1) their key role in the evolution of Russian theological and philosophical thought and – at the same time – (2) by the fact that those authors’ own intellectual evolution and/or (3) their ideas’ reception by their contemporaries proceeded in close connection with the problem of Origen. So the process of reception of Origen’s intellectual heritage in Russia was substantially conditioned by the controversies raging around the key representatives of the so-called “Russian religious philosophy.”

The Contribution of the Fathers of the Church in the Development of Biblical Theology. Selected Methods of Patristic Exegesis. Part One

Author(s): Stanisław Pamuła / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Contribution of the Fathers of the Church to exegesis is one of their greatest gifts to Christianity. Without a doubt, their works reflecting on the Scriptures not only include issues relevant to the development of theology but also, have a great impact on Christian Spirituality. This article is the first of two dedicated to patristic exegesis. In this part, the author made a brief introduction on the development of Christian Doctrine with particular attention to J.H. Newman’s theory on the contribution of the Fathers to theology.

Утраченное соседство: образ еврейского местечка в воспоминаниях не евреев

Author(s): Olga Belova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2015

The paper presents some results of the study of the image of the Jewish town (shtetl), as it appears in the oral tales of the non-Jewish locals. The presentation is based on the folklore and ethnographic data collected in 2012 during the field research in Western Belarus and in Bessarabia. The oral stories of local old residents from the settlement Zheludok (Grodno region, Belarus) and the village Vertiujeni (Floreshti district, Republic of Moldova) will be analyzed to show the mechanism of “Jewish history” reconstruction of former Jewish settlements where the Jewish population is now missing. The only evidence of Jewish heritage are the monuments of material culture (houses, synagogue, Jewish cemetery), and the only source of information – the memories of local residents about their neighbors – the Jews. As the collected material shows, the text about the “Jewish past” broadcasting by and among the non-Jews, combines ethnographic details and myth-making, and largely reflects the ethno-cultural stereotype of the Jew, characteristic to the folk tradition.

Pożyczanie na odsetki w Starym Testamencie. Spojrzenie na biblijne teksty prawne w kontekście ustawodawstwa starożytnego Izraela

Author(s): Sebastian Smolarz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2020

The article discusses Deut 23,20–21 in the context of the nature of ancient Israel’s legislation and wider biblical and cultural contexts. It points that linguistic studies concerning the etymology and meaning of crucial Hebrew terms in the passage remain inconclusive. In turn, it proposes that the proper research on the issue of business and commercial loans among the Israelites should take into consideration a wider biblical (non-legislative) and cultural context of later monarchy. It also indicates that laws concerning loans expressed in the Torah were incomplete and that probably there was a fuller oral legal tradition behind the written laws. The article shows that there is an alternative way of reading the noun nokrî, as referring to economical status of an Israelite rather than to the ethnical distinctions between the Israeli and foreign peoples. Finally, it is proposed that two texts, one from OT sapiential literature (Proverbs 22:7), and the other from a narrative describing post-exilic situation (Nehemiah 5:1–5), suport the thesis that Israelites customarily expected interest on all kinds of loans given to their fellow inhabitants, although their God commanded them not to charge interest from the needy poor people. It is concluded that Deut 23,20–21 stands in line with the earlier texts of Ex 22:24 and Lev 25:35–37 and that the Israelite might have lent at interest to his compatriots as business and commercial loans.

Поэтика Евангельского Слова в «Завещании отеческом к сыну» Ивана Посошкова

Author(s): Daria B. Tereshkina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2024

The article offers an analysis of one of the most significant monuments of the Peter the Great era - the didactic “Testament of the father to the Son” by I. T. Pososhkov, known for his active work and his impressive written legacy. The spiritual instruction created by Ivan Pososhkov is noteworthy not only for “turning to the future” (at the time of the creation of the “Testament,” Pososhkov’s son was only seven years old), but also for the deeply personal nature of direct communication with the addressee of the instruction, in which the blood father seemed to play the role of a spiritual father. The use of the Gospel word by I. Pososhkov is examined through direct and inaccurate quoting, paraphrase of fragments of Holy Scripture, contamination of various readings, and relevant commentary. In contrast to the liturgical tradition of reproducing biblical quotations “by ear,” characteristic of monastic book tradition, Ivan Pososhkov demonstrates his extensive reading experience and encyclopedic knowledge in his work, consistent with his time and social position. The use of the Gospel word allows the author of the “Testament” to refer to a thought that is important for him several times, illustrating and supporting it with quotes or storylines from the scripture. Pososhkov is well-read, but not bookish, and the Gospel is not perceived as a “rule”: it becomes a word of revelation and love. The very treatment of the Gospel text was Pososhkov’s expression of freedom and creativity.

«Бытописание» Владимира Даля

Author(s): Konstantin G. Tarasov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2024

The article examines the history of V. I. Dahl’s manuscript described by P. I. Melnikov-Pechersky in his memoirs. The manuscript contained adaptations of certain biblical texts into the vernacular. References to this manuscript are found in the correspondence between V. I. Dahl and M. P. Pogodin, as well as in the letters of P. G. Redkin to V. I. Dahl. The author’s intention in Dahl’s later literary works largely aligns with the idea of adapting the Bible to explain the essence of Christian truths in an accessible language, which underpin the style of Russian life and moral education, and which Dahl viewed as the future of Russia. The article analyzes the depictions of Russian life that Dahl authored after a ten-year hiatus in 1867–1868, as well as “Pictures of Russian Children’s Life,” written by Dahl in the last years of his life and published after his death. To support the theses set forth in the article, material from the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language”, V. I. Dahl’s journalism on educational issues, and texts from a number of his early artistic works is referenced.