1819 YILINDA ASTRAHAN’DA BASILAN MUSA’NIN İLK KİTABI “YARATILIŞ” ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Author(s): Döne Arslan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 40/2018

Kypchak Turkish was used in two different geographical regions. On one hand, It became the language of the Kypchak who lived in today’s Russia, Ukraine and Caucasian which had been in Golden Horde between 13th – 15th centuries, it was used to write Codex Cumanicus by the Italian and the German, on the other hand again in this area it created a written language developed with Armenian letters in long centuries, and also it continued as not only spoken language but also written language in Egypt and Syria and as the literary language of Muslim Memluk Kypchak from the middle of 13th century to the beginning of 16th language. There are some phonetic and stylistic differences among the languages of these three different societies. It is predicted that that the work was translated by Charles Fraser who had started to work as the assistant of H. Brunton in Karas in 1803. H. Burton who translated many religious books into Turkish and Tatar and his follower Charles Fraser adopted the natives writing tradition. Fraser based the Ottoman translation of Ali Bey by learning Karai language, Astrahan and Orenburg Kypcak and he produced the Creation work in other words “The First Book of Moses”.

7. Walne Zebranie Stowarzyszenia Biblistów Polskich i 48. Sympozjum Biblistów Polskich (Tarnów, 7–9 września 2010)

Author(s): Stanisław Wronka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2011

Tegoroczne spotkanie biblistów polskich miało miejsce w gmachu Wyższego Seminarium Duchownego w Tarnowie, dokąd powrócili po 25 latach. W spotkaniu uczestniczyło prawie 150 osób, głównie członkowie Stowarzyszenia Biblistów Polskich, ale także paręnaście osób nienależących do niego.

A békéltetés szolgálata (2Kor 5,18—20) A közösség alapproblémája

Author(s): Pál Geréb / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2017

Why are humans unable to live in communion? And if so, why cannot they live without communion? How does God lead one back to a communion with himself and other humans? This magisterial study prepared in 1947, after the Second World War, looks for answers to these questions from a biblical perspective and attempts to answer the problem of Christian community along the following lines: 1. God created humans in a way that the essence of humanity is a communion of love with God and his neighbours. 2. The Bible points to the destructive role of sin, which is characterised as self-willingly ripping humans from the Father and the community of brothers and sisters. 3. From this dark background, the redemption of Christ shines forth, the justification by faith and through grace, which creates a real community, namely the church. This study emphasises the relationship between individualism and collectivism, the development of self-consciousness, the worth of science and philosophy as well as the role of state. The study highlights the inspiration of the influential masters of its time, most notably Emil Brunner.

A Biblical Answer to Family Problems

Author(s): Paul-Cezar Hârlăoanu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

The contemporary family faces many challenges. Divorce is one of the most serious problems in our society. It is caused by different stresses with which the family must deal. The “Song of Songs” offers hope in resolving such stresses. It proposes a different way of life as opposed to the trials of modern marriage: love, sacrifice and enduring passion.

A császári adó. Bibliamagyarázat

Author(s): Béla Botond Jakabházi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2016

A durai zsinagóga nyugati falképciklusának vallási és politikai üzenete

Author(s): Géza Xeravits / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2012

The west wall of the Dura synagogue is a kind of political and religious manifesto. The first artist of the west wall accentuated the enduring covenant between God and his people and the continuity of the cult. The second artist picked up these overall Leitmotivs, and expanded them by adding the figurative paintings. The modifications to the central panel emphasise the idea that Israel is a people chosen by God, in whose history God’s promises and the forefathers’ blessings are fulfilled. This is complemented by the wing panels, where Moses, the pre-eminent figure of the past, is depicted. This Mosaic cycle shows religious/cultic orientation. This aspect is further emphasised by the middle register of the narrative panels. As we look at the narrative panels, we see that the middle register has a kind of central position—framed by the top and bottom registers—which assigns to it a basic or essential place within the composition. The message of this mural is to meditate upon the believer’s relationship with God. After articulating the religious message of the west wall, the artist turned to political issues. The paintings of the bottom and top registers recalling various events of the histoire sainte—affirm the pre-eminence of the Jewish people. Affirming this in a minority context and in an especially turbulent period of regional history, these panels carry a message of consolation.

A gümnosz a 2Kor 5,3-ban

Author(s): Géza Pap / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2013

This study intends to wipe clean 2 Cor 5,3 from the dust of centuries. In the word by word analysis of this sentence, attention is focused especially on the lexeme gymnos, seeking a meaning that is in accordance with the purpose of Paul and that fits the cur-rent literary context and Pauline eschatology.

A halál mint álom és alvás Nazianzi Gergely epigrammáiban

Author(s): István M. Ledán / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2016

In his epigrams, Gregory o f Nazianzus time and again speaks about the dead ones as sleepers. In this paper we examine the Greco-Roman and biblical background o f this well-known‘sleeping o f death’-theme, and we conclude that the sleeping o f death in Gregory’s usage is nothing more than an eschatologically neutral literary platitude.

A Heidelbergi Káté Szentírás-használata, különös tekintettel az úrvacsoráról szóló tanításra

Author(s): Gábor Vladár / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2014

A HÚSVÉT HOMILETIKUMA

Author(s): Károly Fekete / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2019

The death of Jesus was the sacrifice of the obedient and loving Son until death. Good Friday and Easter are inseparable. The cross and the resurrection together make Jesus the Christ and the Saviour. The sacrifice of the cross is linked to the open tomb of our Lord. And this interconnection can invite us to rejoice. If I understand the significance of Easter, I can also believe in its reality. The resurrection must not only be taught, but also believed. Otherwise, my creed of the resurrection is sacrificium intellectus (the victim of reason), an empty, arbitrary, and contradictory statement.The triple benefit of the resurrection of Christ is referred to in the 45th question–answer of the Heidelberg Catechism as the three time planes: the past, the present, and the future showing the threefold consolation of the resurrection. The first time plane recalls the memorable past, the first Easter, when the Prince of Life came out of the tomb of Joseph Arimathia. The second time plane points to the present. Christ has overcome the power of death to learn to walk in new life right now. Everything that must happen to us must be under the power of the living Jesus Christ. The third time plane is the Future: Christ overcame the power of death, so there will be a resurrection for us. God brought life to triumph with the resurrection of Christ. His resurrection is the keystone of the glorious resurrection that will come upon Christ`s return.The Resurrection of Jesus Christ is a guarantee of the renewal of the whole created world. The relationship between the present world and the “new heavens and new earth” (2 Peter 3,13) is characterized by continuity and discontinuity at the same time: we are waiting for the ultimate salvation that we have already “tasted” and which will be quite different from what we can think or imagine.

A Jelenések könyvének üzenete annak műfaja alapján

Author(s): János Simon / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 5/2013

The rhetorical approach perceives the Book of Revelation like any other text, as a work of purposive communication. While the content can take many different forms, when we try to understand the purpose, form should not be neglected. What could be the rhetorical intention of the writer when choosing the apocalyptic genre? Following the footsteps of E. P. Sanders and A. Y. Collins, we propose an eclectic view for the function of genre: Revelation is the literature of the oppressed written “to point out a crisis that many of them did not perceive.” Apocalypse is, however, not a genre that concentrates on the future or the past but above all on the present offering consolation for the oppressed, inviting readers to repentance. In the book, Christian life is presented as a war against the forces of evil, and contrary to what is visible, it assures its readers of a victorious outcome. Using the motifs of war and victory, we aim to present a view on how these motifs help the rhetorical intention to develop and the readers to acquire a new identity.

A jeśli śmierci nie ma…

Author(s): Stefan Czyżewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3 (24)/2017

The text undertakes the subject of death in the perspective of cultural studies, at the same time preserving the chronology of the intellectual reflection on these issues. The main thesis is presenting changes in the approach to the category of death in the history of the Mediterranean culture. Practically, the category of death has been perceived in two aspects: culturally (religiously) and „scientifically”. What is more, in biblical times the „scientific” aspect was not present, whereas the religious one dominated. In the course of time and development of science the proportions between these two aspects become reversed. The changes are directed towards the secularization and the scientific bias of the image of the world, which in the civilization of the West in the 20th century have reached the apparently extreme dimension. At the same time, these changes as a whole have not brought about the „taming” of death by man and the conclusion must be drawn that some sort of respect of its power will always accompany people.

A Jn 8,1–11 eredeti mondanivalójának nyomában. Ne ítéljetek látszat szerint, hanem hozzatok igazságos ítéletet (Jn 7,24)

Author(s): Béla Erős Joó / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2018

Jesus refers to the Law when the Scribes and Pharisees accuse a woman of adultery: “the hands of the witnesses shall be the first raised against the person to execute the death penalty” (Deut 17,7). According to Károly Balázs, the word avnama,rthtoj ‘without sin’ used in the Gospel is etymologically related to ma,rturoj ‘witness’. If he is right, this might shed a new light on our interpretation of this pericope, as well as our view of sin in general. On the other hand, if there is no such relationship, the reference to the law raises the possibility of false witnessing. None of the accusers dared to raise his hand against the accused woman.

A KATAKOMBAFESTMÉNYEK MINT „VIZUÁLIS PRÉDIKÁCIÓK” ÉRTELMEZÉSE

Author(s): Olga Lukács / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2019

Several viewpoints took shape about the pictures and icons during the history of Christianity. The image representations have been subject to debate not only among religions but among the various Christian approaches, too. This debate flamed up quite strongly in different times in history.The study aims to determine the extent to which the icons and representations are rooted in Christian tradition. The study points out that early Christian art did not appear and develop in a void. It was the outward manifestation of a new spirituality as well as the result of a development process that occurred when the local cultures of the ancient world got in contact with each other.It is essential to point out that in icon painting as well as in the paintings in the catacombs the message of the icons was also perfectly grasped by those who did not study painting or were not very skillful painters, but still observed the iconographic traditions while those who the painting were addressed to accepted them. One can assess Early Christian art by the very few frescos remaining in the catacombs in Rome.They used pagan symbols as well as some themes of Greek and Roman mythology in order to convey the teachings of the church. They also used the ancient forms of art, loading them with a new content subsequently altering the respective forms as well. The art of the catacombs was actually dogmatic art since the theme depicted on the frescos mostly followed the texts of the scripture. Furthermore, the symbolic language had a paramount importance. The works of art created in the first centuries can also be considered as “visual sermons” that helped them explain God verbally and drive them to God.

A keresztyén gyülekezet mint Isten népe. Az egyházról szóló tanítás Péter első levelében

Author(s): Zsolt Geréb / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2016

A keresztyének társadalmi felelőssége az 1Pt 2,11–17 alapján

Author(s): Zsolt Geréb / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2015

This article is a study on Peter's so-called household codes (Haustafeln), summarising the ethical values of Christians. These admonitions can only be understood properly when the literary context is taken into account.

Badania językoznawcze nad Psałterzem floriańskim – przeszłość i perspektywy

Author(s): Marek Cybulski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article first briefly presents the results of earlier studies by philologists and linguists who were mainly interested in the issue of territorial genesis and filiation of the Polish part of the monument (W. Nehring, A. Brückner, W. Taszycki, S. Rospond, and V. Kyas) and monographs on the language and style of the monument created in the Łódź environment. Some newer works on the lexis of the Psalter (B. Grzeszczuk, S. Koziara) and its Latin (M. Kuźmicki) and German (H. Tiefenbach and R. Hanamann) parts are also presented.Then, linguistic facts were listed that deserve a more detailed description and possibly new interpretations, which would require the revision of many of the findings so far. Some fragments of monographs could lose their value in terms of graphs and especially phonetics, if they were not based on an analysis of the manuscript. The issue of dialectisms requires reconsideration. Although the current analysis of the vocabulary has retained its value, there are also significant gaps here- especially the lexical connections of part A with the Czech psalters have not received new interpretations. There is still a lot to be explored in terms of design as well. There is still no systematic description of word formation, the syntax of part A and the syntax of a complex sentence have not been developed, therefore a dictionary of synsemantic words has not been created either.Finally, an example of a description and interpretation of one of the linguistic phenomena attested in the Psalter is presented, which is the tendency to equalize the number of syllables in the inflectional paradigm, visible here in the inflection of possessive pronouns.

Barrabáš/Barabáš/Barabbáš v českých překladech Nového zákona v 16.‒18. století

Author(s): Robert Dittmann / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2022

This contribution describes the adaptation process of the anthroponym Barrabáš/Barabáš/Barabbáš in Czech versions of printed New Testament text in the Early Modern Period. Following the development in foreign sources, the Czech form changed from Barrabáš and Barabáš, inherited from the Old Czech translation tradition, to Barabbáš. The latter is the form introduced into Czech tradition by the Náměšť New Testament of 1533, it prevailed in Brethren translations from 1601 onwards and in the exile, whereas the Baroque Catholic tradition in the St. Wenceslas Bible opted for Barabáš, a form exceptional in the late pre-1620 editions.

Barthov nauk o providnosti

Author(s): Beneamin Mocan / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2022

Karl Barth’s treatment of the doctrine of creation and providence centers on Jesus Christ, being thus a critique of natural theology, showing its limitations. The article will display Barth’s Christo-centrism throughout his entire thinking regarding the providence of God. Moreover, the paper will show the implications of his thinking. Barth’s peculiar approach to the doctrine of providence enables him to address the most pressing problems of human existence: human suffering, human limitations, fear, death, and evil. The article does not offer a critical analysis of Barth’s theological construction of the doctrine of providence but aims at describing it as faithfully as possible, being thus a mirror, by which one could evaluate her theology in this regard.

''Beatus vir qui in lege Domini voluntas eius'' (“Blessed is the man whose will is in the law of the Lord”). Psalm 1, the opening song of the Psalter

Author(s): Alexandru Moldovan / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

Psalm 1 represents the lyrical overture through which we are introduced in the delightful and fascinating world of the Psalter. The song begins and ends with the first, respectively, the last letter of the Hebrew alphabet, comprising the whole arch of letters and of life. Being a hymn dedicated to the Law of the Lord, Psalm 1 is, at the same time, a song dedicated to the authentic life, to the righteous life, to the pure life, to the life lived according to the Law of the Lord, presented in the psalm through the metaphor of the tree of life. The tree of life is present in the very first page of the Holy Scripture: “And out of the ground made God to spring up also every tree that is pleasant to the sight and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden” (Gen 2, 9), but it also appears on the last page of the Bible in the Book of Revelation, being in the heaven towards which the history of our salvation heads: “To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the tree of life, which is in the midst of the paradise of God” (Rev 2, 7). The tree of life is present in the centre of the first page of the Psalter as well.