Dominikanie na kresach wschodnich Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów (teren dzisiejszej Białorusi)

Author(s): Marek Miławicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

Celem artykułu jest zarysowanie historii obecności zakonu dominikańskiego na tej części Kresów Wschodnich dawnej Rzeczypospolitej (Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie), które obecnie leżą w granicach państwa białoruskiego, począwszy od średniowiecza do drugiej połowy XIX wieku. Na terenie tym istniało 45 placówek dominikańskich, które zostały skasowane przez władze zaboru rosyjskiego w XIX wieku. Dominikanie prowadzili nie tylko działalność duszpasterską (głównie kaznodziejstwo i parafie), ale także oświatową i kulturalną. W okresie powstań zakonnicy również czynnie brali w nich udział, za co spotkały ich represje (emigracja, zsyłki na Syberię, kasaty klasztorów i konfiskata mienia i dóbr kultury). The purpose of the article is to provide an outline of the history of the Dominican presence on the Eastern Frontier of the former Republic (The Great Principality of Lithuania), in the region which now belongs to Belarus. The analysis includes the period between the Middle Ages until the late 19th century. In this territory, fourty-five Dominican locations existed and they were cassated by the Russian partition authorities in the 19th century. The Dominicans were active not only in the pastoral ministry (mostly preaching and parish-keeping), but also in education and culture. At the time of Polish national uprisings, the religious took active part in the efforts and endured the oppressing consqequences of their involvement (emigration, expulsion to Siberia, convent cassations and confiscation of property and cultural goods).

Koronacja nowego obrazu Matki Boskiej Szkaplerznej w Berdyczowie na Ukrainie

Author(s): Józef Benignus Wanat / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 1/2000

Treścią artykułu jest koronacja nowego obrazu Matki Boskiej Szkaplerznej w Berdyczowie na Ukrainie. Po 65 latach nieobecności karmelici bosi ponownie objęli 15 XI 1991 r. w posiadanie sławne niegdyś sanktuarium Matki Boskiej Berdyczowskiej.//This article concerns the coronation of a new painting of Our Lady of the Scapular in Berdychiv (Ukraine). After 65 years of absence, the once famous Sanctuary of Our Lady of Berdychiv was returned to the possession of discalded Carmelites on 15th November 1991.

Znaczenie historyczne i wartość artystyczna szat liturgicznych z opactwa benedyktynów w Tyńcu

Author(s): Karolina Stanilewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

Zachowane do dziś szaty liturgiczne z opactwa benedyktynów w Tyńcu świadczą o wysokim poziomie rozwijającej się w tym ośrodku kultury religijnej i artystycznej. Na skutek kasaty austriackiej klasztoru w 1816 roku zabytki te uległy rozproszeniu. Odnajdziemy je dzisiaj poza Tyńcem, przede wszystkim w katedrze tarnowskiej i Muzeum Diecezjalnym w Tarnowie oraz w kościołach archidiecezji krakowskiej i diecezji tarnowskiej. Do nowo odkrytych, zachowanych w opactwie tynieckim należą trzy ornaty: zielony z włoskiego aksamitu cyzelowanego z 1. ćw. XVII wieku (il. 1), czerwony z weneckiego lub genueńskiego aksamitu z 3 ćw. XVII wieku (il. 2) i czerwony z adamaszku broszowanego (il. 3), należący do opata komendatoryjnego i prymasa Stanisława Szembeka oraz pięć makat, uszytych za opata Placyda Galińskiego (1969–1977) z tkanin z XVII i XVIII wieku (il. 4). W katedrze tarnowskiej znalazł się ornat oznaczony kartuszem herbowym opata komendatariusza i prymasa Teodora Potockiego. Z kościoła parafialnego we wsi Brzozowa w diecezji tarnowskiej pochodzi najpewniej tyniecki ornat ufundowany przez króla Stefana Batorego. Ponadto „tynecjana” odnajdziemy także w Tuchowie, gdzie benedyktyni mieli swoją prepozyturę w latach 1460–1821. W obecnym Sanktuarium Najświętszej Maryi Panny, nad którym opiekę sprawuje zakon redemptorystów, znalazło się pięć ornatów, ozdobionych rodzimym haftem w okresie od końca XVII do połowy XVIII wieku. Dwa podobnie wykonane ornaty zachowały się także w kościele parafialnym pw. św. Jakuba. Preserved to this day vestments of the Benedictine Abbey of Tyniec prove a high level of the religious and the artistic culture which was developed in this environment. These monuments were dispersed as the result of Austrian dissolution of monastery in 1816. We can find them today outside Tyniec, most of all in the cathedral and Museum of Diocese in Tarnów as well as in the churches in Archdiocese of Cracow and Tarnów. To the newly discovered chasubles preserved in the Abbey in Tyniec belong: the green chasuble made from Italian ciselé voided velvet from 1st quarter of 17th century (il. 1), the red chasuble made from Venetian or Genoese velvet from 3rd quarter of 17th century (il. 2) and the red chasuble from brocaded silk damask (il. 3) owned by the commendatory Abbot and the Primate Stanisław Szembek and also five hangings sewn in the times of Abbot Placyd Galiński (1969–1977) made from 17th and 18th century fabrics (il. 4). There was found in the cathedral in Tarnów the chasuble marked by cartouche with the coat of arms of Teodor Potocki, the commendatory Abbot and Primate. From parish church in the village Brzozowa in diocese of Tarnów most probably comes the chasuble founded by King Stefan Batory. Furthermore we can find the monuments of Tyniec in Tuchów where Benedictines had their prepositure in the years 1460–1821. In the current Sanctuary of the Blessed Virgin Mary which is under the care of the The Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists) there was found five chasubles decorated with native embroidery in the period between the end of 17th century and half of the 18th century. Two similarly made vestments were also preserved in the parish church of St. James.

Prosta mowa w tekstach o charakterze religijnym XVIII wieku (Czyn jerejskogo nastawljenija, Poczajów 1776)

Author(s): Joanna Getka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 64/2017

“Prosta mova” – colloquial language of population of the eastern lands of the former Republic of Poland only occasionally appears in the printed texts in the eighteenth century. It is especially rare in texts of religious nature. In this regard, Basilian typography is an exception. “Prosta mova”as the language of printing, can be seen in texts and fragments of prints published by definition in other languages. This type of text is the subject of the analysis set out in this article. Numerous features of a living language that are visible at the level of phonetics and vocabulary are reflected in the analyzed Чинъ Іерейскаго наставленїя. Analysis of these features brings to the conclusion that the dominant element in the text, is the Ukrainian dialect. Of course, due to the different articulation of selected graphemes on the Belarusian and Ukrainian-speaking territories(eg. grapheme ѣ) editors left the pronunciation to the decision of their readers in accordance with the local tradition.

Stosunki Gruzji z Europą Zachodnią i państwem polsko-litewskim w latach 1453–1783

Author(s): Piotr Prokopiuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

Following the fall of the Byzantine Empire (1453) and the Empire of the Trebizond (1461) the fragmented Georgia made a desperate attempt at participating in European countries’ various efforts aimed at coalitions (political and military alike) against the Islamic Turkey posing a threat to the Christian world. In the 17th century, the captive Bagrationi dynasty managed to build up lasting trade relations with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and intense cultural and religious contacts with the Papacy. The dynamically changing geopolitical system in the Caucasus region ultimately predestined the Russian Empire to become Georgia’s natural ally in the subsequent century as no other country could offer tangible military assistance to Georgia.

FINNO-UGRIC FOLK TRADITIONS EXPRESSING IDENTITY IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

Author(s): Vilmos Voigt / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2012

The study of folk traditions may serve the development of ethnic and national identity. The history of such researches among the Finno-Ugric peoples in Russia proves that statement. The paper portrays the Finnish, Hungarian and Russian research history from the 18th century until today. The language, folklore and ethnography of Finno-Ugric peoples contributed much to the national identity of those peoples. Institutions in Finland, Hungary and Estonia served the same purpose. The attitude of the Russian state was impressive and it has changed several times. The role of the Pravoslav Church and its Kazan Priest’ Seminary deserves special attention. The paper is of summarizing character and in the bibliography only the most important publications are listed.

BLURRY BORDERS. FROM HEROES TO CELEBRITIES

Author(s): István Povedák / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2011

The primary objective of this paper is to analyse the connection between historical heroes and celebrities in contemporary Hungary. According to my hypothesis the historical heroes and contemporary celebrities are in close relation. Their formations were generated by similar circumstances but their cult and its peculiarities accommodate to the parameters of a given historical period. Through the case study of the “best known Hungarian” Ferenc Puskás, the legendary soccer-player, I would like to examine whether the “hero patterns” of Joseph Campbell are present in the life story of an outstanding celebrity. Besides, this paper tries to introduce the forms of manifestation of his cult and at the same time to understand its effect on the life of fans and followers.

THE COMMONAGE - WOODLAND AND PASTURAGE COLLECTIVES IN NORTHERN HUNGARY

Author(s): Tivadar Petercsák / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2011

The possession or usage of arable land according to family was widespread in Europe from the Middle Ages onwards. For this reason one also finds in Hungary the communal use of those disparate and not easily manageable pieces of woodland and pasturage. This occurred within the organizational context of the commonage. With the benefit of his ethnographical and historical research in Northern Hungary the author looks at the commonages of the nobility that emerged during the feudal period; the workings of the commonage of the former serfs, and the woodland and pasturage associations that came into being following the emancipation of the serfs in 1848; and the various forms they took right up until the end of the 20th century. The commonages managed the undivided common property, and regulated the usage of woodland and pasturage. The commonages of the nobility were guaranteed regular income by the leasing out of the rights they had obtained from the crown (regale) to hold markets, and run inns and slaughterhouses. Commonages of the nobility abided by common law. Although peasant woodland and pasturage associations became subject to state regulation during the 19th and 20th centuries, they never became uniform on account of being subject to varying local traditions.

THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ON MEDIEVAL SETTLEMENT STRUCTURE IN TRANSDANUBIA

Author(s): O. Mészáros,Gábor Serlegi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2011

The large-scale archaeological excavations of the past years yielded a rapid increase of archaeological finds and observations. This large amount of new evidence enabled the observation of wider environmental archaeological relationships. In the study we reconstruct certain environmental and settlement pattern changes from the 13th to the 18th centuries based on archaeological data from the southern shore of Lake Balaton and the cities of the Danube Bend region. The settlements on the shore of Lake Balaton and along the Danube reacted similarly, but with a temporal lag. Hydroclimatic changes caused a shift in the location and structure of lake- and riverside settlements, which was of a horizontal character in the case of Lake Balaton, and of a vertical character in the case of the Danube Bend region.

Евгений Михайлович Руссев – штрихи к портрету

Author(s): Izyaslav E. Levit / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2009

SOME DESCRIPTIONS OF DINARIC KARST IN PUBLICATIONS FROM 16TH-18TH CENTURY

Author(s): Andrej Kranjc / Language(s): English Issue: 47/2014

From relatively scarce descriptions of Dinaric Karst the author has chosen three examples: the diary of B. Kuripečič, the interpreter of the Austrian emperor diplomatic mission to the Turkish Sultan in Istanbul; the diary of Turkish traveller, diplomat, and soldier Evliya Çelebi; and the travel report of a researcher from the Enlighten period, B. Hacquet. In 1531 the first one published his diary where just two karst phenomena are mentioned. Evliya Çelebi wrote his diary during the great part of the 17th century and it contains numerous mentions and shorter descriptions of karst phenomena, mainly in terms of traveller’s and soldier’s point of view. B. Hacquet who considered himself as a chemists or “geologist” (in modern sense of the word) wrote the most about Dinaric Karst in his travel book on the “Physical-political Travel from Dinaric through Julian … to Noric Alps” (1785) and in the description of Carniola, “Oryctographia carniolica...” (1778-1789). He is one of the first known to use the term Dinaric Alps. At the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century there were more and more descriptions of this part of the Balkan Peninsula, let me mention only the well known A. Fortis’ work (1774).

Жизнь и творчество Василия Каразина в историографическом преломлении

Author(s): Olga Vovk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3-4/2016

The process of studying the biography of the public figure, scientist and founder of Kharkov University V. N. Karazin was described in the article. The study design of the massif of publications was described. Historiographical images of V. N. Karazin which have been formed in Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Russian, Czech, British, American as well as the emigrant literature of the mid-19th – beginning of the 21st centuries were detected and characterized. Reasons for their construction and evolutionary trends were explored. The Life and Creative Work of Vasyl’ Karazin in the Historiographical Reflection. The process of studying the biography of the public figure, scientist and founder of Kharkov University V. N. Karazin was described in the article. The study design of the massif of publications was described. Historiographical images of V. N. Karazin which have been formed in Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Russian, Czech, British, American as well as the emigrant literature of the mid-19th – beginning of the 21st centuries were detected and characterized. Reasons for their construction and evolutionary trends were explored. The Life and Creative Work of Vasyl’ Karazin in the Historiographical Reflection. The process of studying the biography of the public figure, scientist and founder of Kharkov University V. N. Karazin was described in the article. The study design of the massif of publications was described. Historiographical images of V. N. Karazin which have been formed in Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Russian, Czech, British, American as well as the emigrant literature of the mid-19th – beginning of the 21st centuries were detected and characterized. Reasons for their construction and evolutionary trends were explored.

Uwagi o białorusko-polskich kontaktach językowych w miastach Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego

Author(s): Jerzy Gordziejew / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3-4/2004

The article deals with the development of the Polish language and the Polish- Belarusian language relationship in the cities of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the period from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries. The text concentrated on the example of the city of Grodno situated in the western part of the Duchy. According to the sources, specific features of the Polish language were that it adopted interesting Belarusian lexical loans, Belarusian personal names written in Latin alphabet. The materials collected contain a lot of examples of the Belarusian influence on the Polish phonetic system. The results of the research problem are discussed on the wide historical background: ethnic structure of the city and the cultural contacts of its inhabitants. The author’s attempt to describe the problem is based on the numerous valuable sources, preserved and gathered in the Belarusian archives: the council files of old Grodno, the court’s records and the Civilian-Military Commission of Grodno district, the inventories of the nobles’ and the monasteries’ possessions and other kinds of contemporary sources.

Nowożytne testamenty jako przykład źródła dokumentu osobistego

Author(s): Katarzyna Kaczmarek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02/2017

Modern testaments are a reflection of the customs of the era in which the deceased lived. They contain information about family relationships and social relations of their authors. On the other hand, they are a separate literature genre, whose method comprises several basic elements, which are usually placed in the same structure. Last will of Jan "Sobiepan" Zamoyski and Józef Stanislaw na Dąbrowicy Firlej were chosen as examples of testaments. The aim of the article is to characterize last wills in terms of their content. Content as an example of personal documents source.

Społeczny i wychowawczy sens pracy oraz wychowania gospodarczego Polaków od XVIII wieku do początków XX wieku

Author(s): Krzysztof Jakubiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2013

The article is a collection of thoughts and ideas of the most prominent educational thinkers of the period concerned. The aim of the text is to introduce the reader to the most important objectives of education through work and educational demands related to work.

Sposoby identyfikacji mężczyzn i dzieci w parafii jednowierców w Pokrowsku w latach 1846–1902

Author(s): Beata Radziwonowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2014

This article is devoted to classification of typical nominal configuration, which are characteristic for man and children in edinovierts’ parish in Pokrovsk during their existence between 1846 and 1902. They, Russian old believers, settled here on the rental rights escaping from persecutions and decided to convert to edinoviery. Source material was taken from Duplicates of Population Registry of the mentioned parish, which are stored in the National Archive in Suwałki. Onomastic models fund in source, were divided into three groups: 1) analitycal forms, 2) first name + synthetic and patronimic forms, 3) first name + an element, acting as a second name in II or III place of nominal chain. Gathered material has been examine in a diachronic aspect too, it enables to follow the history of their evolution from predication to nomination.

Українське козацтво та його роль у зовнішній політиці Великого Князівства Литовського (кінець XV – початок XVI ст.)

Author(s): Mariya Parakhina / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4/2012

The article is based on an analysis of archival materials, published documents and the results of modern research determined the geopolitical situation and the role and place of Ukraine and the Ukrainian Cossacks in the foreign policy of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Kasztelanka na wydaniu. Małżeńskie perypetie Elżbiety z Branickich Sapieżyny

Author(s): Szymon Piotr Dąbrowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2 (10)/2017

The article introduces the circumstances surrounding the beginnings and ends of marriages of Elżbieta Branicka coat of arms Korczak (1732/33–1800) with two members of the Sapieha family – Jan Józef Kalasanty, the voivode of Smolensk, and Jan, the voivode of Mścisław. The work includes a discussion and elaboration of scarce pieces of information concerning the time of her birth and the period preceding her first marriage. It also presents an analysis of the original assignment of „Teatrum myśli…” (1780) by Wenanty Tyszkowski, which focuses on a lady‘s glorious portrait in her maiden age. The main part of the article is opened by the presentation of the state of knowledge about the castellan’s daughter marriages. It is followed by a critical reading of unknown or superficially exploited sources revealing the backstage of these relationships: press reports on wedding ceremonies and the death of her second husband, the Latin decree of the church court in the case of annulment of the first marriage, a draft of an insurance script, in which the bride’s parents determined the amount and conditions for paying her dowry, fragments of Marcin Matuszewicz’s memories and letters from spouses addressed to Jan Klemens Branicki, Grand Crown Hetman. The context for new findings are conclusions and suggestions of researchers of the 18th century magnates of Poland and Lithuania.

UTJECAJ RIJEKE DRAVE NA NASELJA U ĐURĐEVEČKOJ PODRAVINI - PRIMJER SELA BROD U 18. I 19. STOLJEĆU

Author(s): Nikola Cik / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 13/2017

The river Drava and its tributaries were in the past a very important geographic element in the Đurđevec area of Podravina because the floods restricted access to the banks of Drava and prevented settling in its vicinity. However, the great river had an attractive power for the people of Podravina, which is seen in the example of a ramified path networkt that led from all settlements in Đurđevec area of Podravina to the river Drava. The end points of such paths were river mills and crossings. This path network has affected environmental changes between the river Drava and the settlements located on the borders of the Đurđevečki peski (Đurđevec sands). A relatively wide zone of the forest-swamp area, partly meliorated and deforested during the 18th and 19th centuries, used to strech along the right bank of the river Drava. The process of deforestation and swamp draining, i.e. regulation of the tributaries of the Drava, was parallel to the process of occurence of konaki as temporary residences for humans and livestock. They originated in response to agrarian overcrowding in this part of Podravina in the second half of the 18th century. Konaki became independent villages in the 19th and 20th centuries, and because of the vicinity of the Drava, a specific coexistence with the river was developed there. The paper is focused on the village Brod, which was situated on the very bank of the river Drava during the 18th and first half of the 19th century and whose inhabitants have developed a specific coexistence with water through generations. We learn about life in Brod from various cartographic and written historical sources, especially from Parish register books with data for demographic research.

ZAČETNO OBDOBJE SLOVENSKIH ZGODOVINOPISNIH RAZISKOVANJ PODROČJA REKE DRAVE V SLOVENIJI

Author(s): Andrej Hozjan / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 13/2017

Among slovenian historiographical researches of Drava river territory in the Republic of Slovenia the most important research corpus belonges to the history of the Drava Valley., i. e. the territory between towns Dravograd and Maribor. Slovenian researching of that territory had started after the WW I, as an answer to some german spoken articles before WW I on that thema. Josip Mravljak, born and lived in town Vuzenica in Drava Valley (died in 1953), was the first slovenian author of more historiographical articles mostly about the towns, the peasantry uprisings and nobles, about the life, determinated by the river, and others. Starting of brighter interest about the Drava river past in Slovenian was the research opus of Jože Koropec. His works and monographies, writed and published in the 60.‘s and 70.‘s of 20th Century, finally established that part of slovenian Drava as an legitime thema of historiographical survey and research.