Роль екологізму в ідеологічному та суспільно-політичному житті другої половини ХХ століття

Author(s): Olena Postol / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2011

The article reviews the rise of the "green" ideology and movement of the ecologism. There were defined its theoretical and political origins, and noted different factions among the "greens". The author explained the practical impact of "green" organizations to improve environmental practices. There was revealed the essence of the environmental criticism from leftist and rightist opponents. There was analyzed the ground of deployment of "green" movement in the Soviet Union and its political and non-economical aspects.

Роль земноводних і плазунів у створенні екологічного буферу проти техногенного забруднення

Author(s): V. L. Bulakhov,V. Y. Gasso / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2008

Роль ландшафтного різноманіття у динаміці чисельності популяцій шкідників цукрового буряку у Полтавській області

Author(s): O. V. Zhukov,P. V. Pisarenko,O. М. Kunah,O. J. Dichenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2015

Indicators of landscape-ecological diversity of territory of the Poltava region according to remote sensing of the Earth have been established, and its role in determination of dynamics of abundance of sugar beet pests has been found. The greatest landscape-ecological diversity has been calculated to be characteristic for the east and central areas of the Poltava region. The greatest landscape diversity has been revealed for Reshetilovsky (by the average Shannon index it is equal to 1,07 bit/pixel) and Velikobagachansky (1,06 bit/pixel) districts which are in the center of the Poltava region. The least landscape diversity is characteristic for Chernuhinsky, Semenovsky, Globinsky and Kobeljansky districts. General level of the landscape-ecological diversity and its dynamics has its effect on the condition and dynamics of sugar beet pests’ abundance within the Poltava region. Landscape diversity defines the conditions where sharp growth of abundance of sugar beet pests may occur with the highest probability. Low level of landscape diversity displays ecological conditions at which risks of high infestations of sugar beet pest insects are the greatest. Level of landscape diversity in the conditions of the Poltava region, first of all, is defined by the relation of agro ecosystems to the landscape complexes of other types. Large unvaried territories which are occupied by agricultural lands create the conditions for high infestations of sugar beet pest insects.

Роль личинок жуков-щелкунов (coleoptera. Elateridae) в трансформации и миграции тяжелых металлов

Author(s): Y. B. Smirnov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2005

The microelement composition of larvae of elateridae was described in biotopes which different on the degree of contamination of the Pridneprovsky region. A degree of contamination of environment by the heavy metals and their relative accumulation in the invertebrate animals was determined.

Роль міського дизайну в сучасному урбаністичному середовищі

Author(s): Valeria Iyevleva,Ihor Povkh / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 38/2017

The purpose of the work is to examine the features of formation of the modern urban environment design tools, identifying the main trends of the modern urban environment and determining the basic principles of environment of the city through design. Methodology. Study is to determine the principles of forming the urban environment design tools, definition of urban design and urban design principles and their role in the modern urban environment. Research New Urbanism city. Scientific Novelty. Work is to identify new role of design principles and modern urban environment of the city, based on the idea of New Urbanism. Conclusions. The role of urban design – is to create a comfortable space concept of the modern city of New Urbanism is the basic foundation of its principles should influence the future development of the city.

Роль природних факторів у ландшафтному проектуванні

Author(s): Vladimir Nikolaevich Dudarets / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 17/2010

Dudarets V. М. Role of natural factors in the landscape planning. In the article the features of forming of sadovo-parkovikh objects and role of natural factors are probed in the landscape planning of territories.

Ролята на директора за включването на заинтересованите страни в образованието като аспект на училищната ефективност

Author(s): Eleni Thoukydidou / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2016

This paper draws attention on how the involvement of stakeholders can enhance school effectiveness. The involvement of stakeholders is a process used to achieve the objectives or goals of the school through planning, organising, leading and controlling all resources such as people, raw materials and capital at the disposal of the school. For the purpose of this article the people being involved include parents, students and teachers because it is recognised that the cooperation of all interested parties in schooling is essential. This article will discuss the stakeholders in education at school level, their role and how the principal should involve them. The involvement of these stakeholders in education by the principal is a vital aspect for school effectiveness.

РОСТ И НАКОПЛЕНИЕ МАССЫ POLYTRICHUM COMMUNE В ЛЕСНОМ ПОЯСЕ ХИБИН

Author(s): Olga V. Ermolaeva,Natalia Yu. Shmakova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6 (167)/2017

The productivity (linear and weight increments) of Polytrichum commune in Khibiny mountains forest belt is estimated. The annual increment in 2013–2016, depending on the habitat, amounted to 30–46 mm/year and to 11–23 mg/year in dry mass. The length and the mass increments are the largest in the forest meadow. The linear and the weight increments during vegetation periods occur simultaneously but at different rates. A period with the ultimate growth rate can occur at any time of the growing season and depends on the temperature regime at the beginning of the vegetation period. It was revealed that the transition to this period was noted after the accumulation of a certain effective temperature sum. A high growth rate of the stem was observed at the air temperature of 11–18 °C and precipitations of 0,5–2,5 mm per day. At the end of August the linear growth of the plant slowed down. The autumn growth processes are connected with the increasing mass increment;

Роющая деятельность мышевидных грызунов в восстановлении протеолитической активности почв в условиях техногенного загрязнения

Author(s): T. A. Zamesova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2005

The research for rodents (mice) burrowing activity finding on the soil proteolytic one was made in the natural environment. It was shown that under conditions of heavy metals pollutions the proteolytic activity level within burrows was higher than the control one

Савремене промене у развоју и размештају становништва града Чачка

Author(s): Ana Vrbnik,Dragica R. Gatarić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 10/2013

From 1960 to 1980, Serbia went through a huge socio-geographic transformation due to the influence of industrialization and urbanization. Simultaneoulsy, besides the transition of active population from primary into secondary and tertiary activities, there was a movement from rural into urban areas as well as strong transformation of both rural and urban settlements. Emigration played a dominant role in the decrease of rural population, while immigration had an important role in the increase of urban population. All this influenced the natural component of general migration of the population. New tendencies in migration and distribution of the population emerged since the eighties of the last century, which are characterized by a rapid decrease of the population in rural areas and stagnation and slow increase of urban population due to low immigration and rapid decrease of population growth. Similar processes took place on geospatial territory of today’s town – former municipality of Čačak. In order to determine these processes this paper analyses the relationship between natural and migration determinants of the development of the population in the municipality i.e. the Town of Čačak.

САВРЕМЕНО ЗАКОНОДАВСТВО РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРБИЈЕ У ОБЛАСТИ ЖИВОТНЕ СРЕДИНЕ

ОД „ИНТЕГРАЛНОГ СИСТЕМА” КА ХИПЕРПРОДУКЦИЈИ ПРОПИСА

Author(s): Dragoljub Todić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 77/2017

The adoption of two legislative acts (in 1991 and 2004) represents two phases in the development of the contemporary environmental legislation of the Republic of Serbia. Both laws have certain similarities, but also significant differences. The circumstances in which these laws were passed are completely different. The subject of regulation of both laws is ‘the environmental protection system’, but with some differences. Such formulations contain certain elements of pretentiousness and indecision. The implementation of the first legislative act on environmental protection (1991) was overshadowed by the crisis that affected the territory of the former Yugoslavia during the last decade of the 20th century. Thus, the realization of the projected environmental goals was marginalized. The adoption of the second environment protection act (2004) meant the introduction of different concepts (as compared to the previous one) and a formal approximation to the requirements of EU regulations. The changed circumstances have decisively influenced the manner of regulation and the content of the norms in the field of environment. The new Environment Protection Act (2004) regulates the ‘integrated environmental protection system’, which focuses on two elements: human rights and sustainable development. However, it is not entirely clear to what extent it would be possible to speak of a consistent and functionally completed system. The existence and character of the relationship between the ‘system’ and human rights, i.e. between the ‘system’ and the balanced development should be examined separately and in more detail. In the meantime, a number of other laws in the field of environment have been adopted. Some issues are regulated in more detail by special laws and a huge number of bylaws. At the same time, several new issues are open and some old problems have gained new significance, among them are the following issues: relations between laws, interlacing the norms of two or more regulations, relations with regulations in other areas of importance for the environment, system management, horizontal and vertical coordination, the competence of relevant subjects, the role and quality of public participation, compliance with regulations, etc.

Самоценност на свободната детска игра и последствията от нейната педагогическа имитация

Author(s): Slaveyka Zlateva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

The study proves the self-esteem of the free game of children by offering a theoretical analysis and introducing an author’s assessment of its manifestation in the basic game types. The main thesis is focused on defining the pedagogical imitation of the game, as well as analyzing the consequences of the paradoxical replacement of the free game of children with its corresponding pedagogical imitation. The focus is placed on hard to measure harms for the child together with losses for the teacher gained by missed opportunities for play-learning as an independent child activity and as a pedagogical paradigm for learning.

Сезонна динаміка кисневого режиму лотичної екосистеми (на прикладі р. Малий сірет)

Author(s): U. V. Legeta,D. G. Gavryloe / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2012

Seasonal changes of the content of dissolved oxygen in the surface water of the Small Siret river have been analyzed. Significant contributions of Ukrainian scientists (Chernega, Yushchenko, Yavkin) in the development of certain aspects of the subject have been outlined. The indication methods of the background and unique territories (the benchmark for the monitoring of the Small Siret river basin) have been proposed and tested.

Сезонна динаміка питомої активності ферментів перекисного окислення в листках salix alba у штучних насадженнях

Author(s): Anna Kulik,А. І. Kryuchkova,L. S. Pashenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2008

Seasonal dynamics of the specific activity of catalase and peroxidase in Salix alba L. leaves collected in the artificial stands along the Shpakova River (Dnipropetrovs’k) was studied. The seasonal dependence of oxidoreductases’ specific activity and the reed’s influence on the osier seedlings adaptation were revealed. The importance of the reeds’ stressful influence on the osier seedlings’ adaptive processes is discussed.

Сезонна динаміка підстилкової мезофауни антропогенно трансформованих екосистем м. Дніпродзержинськ

Author(s): K. O. Moroz,A. V. Lygun,V. V. Brygadyrenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2011

Peculiarities of formation and seasonal dynamics of litter invertebrates fauna in the territories under technogenic load of metallurgical and by-product coke industry are investigated. Features of the seasonal fluctuations of number, species quantity, taxonomic and functional structure of litter mesofauna are revealed. The dynamics analysis of the biodiversity of litter arthropods communities is carried out.

Сезонна динаміка чисельності Brachyiulus jawlowskii (Diplopoda, Julidae) на арені р. Дніпро

Author(s): N. G. Gudym / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2016

We have researched the population dynamics of Brachyiulus jawlowskii Lohmander, 1928 in the arena of the Dnepr river (within the "Dnieper-Orilsky” Nature Reserve) and also present a full picture of the habitat distribution of Julidae within the researched area. The tested models were basic types of arena biogeocenosis: sand steppe, black maple forests, artificial pine plantations, deciduous forest, meadow and swamp. Variation in population density of B. jawlowskii is determined by biotopical features. The swamp and meadow habitats can be characterized by the highest level of population dynamics. B. jawlowskii plays the greatest role in the herpetobiont grouping in swamp and oak forest habitats (6.7% and 4.6% respectively). In other types of habitat this species composes 0.1–3.5% of the total abundance of this group. The highest abundance dynamic was reached by the Julidae cenopopulations which inhabit the swamp, oak forest and meadow habitats. B. jawlowskii occupies a relatively significant share in the herpetobiont communities of these habitats. Thus, the indicators of absolute number of this species and its relative participation in the herpertobiont grouping indicate the preference of this species for marsh, oak forest and meadow habitats. These habitats can be characterized by an excessive or moderate level of edaphotopic humidification. The ecosystem of the steppe zone of Ukraine is subject to significant human impact. In nature reserves, this effect is minimized, which permits research to be conducted on regimes of natural population dynamics. We established that B. jawlowskii inhabits all habitats investigated within the arena zone of the Dnepr river. This indicates that this is an environmentally flexible Julidae species. The population dynamics of B. jawlowskii can be characterized by three distinct periods: spring-summer, summer and autumn. Each of these periods is characterized by a distinct population dynamic, but throughout the study period the metapopulation of B. jawlowskii remained stable. This is due to the redistribution of representatives of the biotopical metapopulation over a wide range. The conservation regime within the "Dnieper-Orilsky" Nature Reserve had a positively effect on the state of the B. jawlowskii population. Within the reserve on the territory of the arena of the Dnepr river B. jawlowskii uses a wide variety of types of habitats.

Сезонная динамика микробиологических показателей воды р. Ингулец и р. Березовка на участках с разной антропогенной нагрузкой

Author(s): N. B. Esipova,V. А. Zhezherya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2008

The seasonal dynamics of microbiological indices of sanitary situation in Ingulets and Berezovka Rivers was analysed at spring-autumn period. The sanitary mapping of the rivers was done for the Alexandria area. In most cases maximal level of the rivers contamination by the lactose-positive E. coli index was found in August.

Сезонні зміни вмісту важких металів у воді малих річок

Author(s): I. L. Sukhodolska / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2017

This article analyses the level of heavy metals (Zn, Mn, Fe, Pb, Co, Ni, Cd) and characteristics of their transportation through the water of minor rivers in Rivne region, Ukraine. The levels of Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co in the waters of these fisheries exceeded the maximum permissible concentration limit in different months. We found that the concentration of Pb and Cd did not exceed the permissible concentration limit in the waters of the fisheries during the year of research, while the level of other metals exceeded the permissible levels by 1.1 to 151.0 times. This research confirms that the surface waters of Rivne region are characterized by high concentrations of iron, manganese, zinc, and nickel. The level of iron exceeded the maximum permissible concentration limit by 1.1 to 5.0 times, the level of zinc by 1.5 to 15.0 times, that of manganese by1.3 to 6.7 times and the nickel level by 1.3 to 151.0 times in the fishery waters. In principle, the increase in the level of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co) is connected with the lithological composition of reservoirs in the water-collecting areas of the investigated rivers, and besides with the significant influence of the anthropogenic load (fuel combustion, aqueous wastes of factory units, agricultural effluent, etc.), and with the increase in aquatic vegetation, pH balance, temperature change and so on. The appearance of iron-manganese compounds can be explained by natural causes such as reformation of the source minerals into secondary minerals in the conditions of pH level recession in water, which causes the release of these molecular entities; leaching of iron from the iron-manganese septarian nodules, a substantial amount of which is contained in the illuvial horizon. The increase in the level of zinc and nickel in the river water is connected with the leaching of these elements from subsurface rocks, soil and forest leaf litter. Atmospheric condensation is a significant source of the presence of nickel in the surface water. For the investigated rivers, the most significant factors in the water’s chemical composition are physiographic (foremost, the character of the soil cover, intensivity of erosion, extent of forest and swamp cover) and anthropogenous impact. In the rivers of Rivne region high concentrations of heavy metals are the consequence of the long-term aggradation of abiotic and biotic substances of the water ecosystem. There is a tendency for a reduction in the concentration of most metals in the abiotic substances of the water reservoir during the vegetative season and an increase after the end of this season. This research shows that the high level of contamination of the water of Rivne region’s minor rivers by the investigated heavy metal components is caused primarily by anthropogenic factors.

СЕЗОННЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ЛИПИДНОГО СОСТАВА ТКАНЕЙ РАДУЖНОЙ ФОРЕЛИ РARASALMO MYKISS (WALBAUM, 1792), ВЫРАЩЕННОЙ НА РАЗЛИЧНЫХ КОРМАХ

Author(s): M. A. Nazarova,Olga B. Vasil'eva,Nina N. Nemova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6 (167)/2017

The paper presents and analyzes data on the annual dynamics of the content of lipid components in tissues of rainbow trout Rarasalmo mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) and its dependence on the composition used in the cultivation of the fish fodder. Every month, from March to November, tissue samples from two groups of rainbow trout, cultivated on different combined feed, were collected. A biochemical analysis of tissue samples and compound fish fodder, which determined the level of triacylglycerols, cholesterol, cholesterol esters, general and individual phospholipids was performed. The combined feed for salmon differed in ratio of structural and replacement substances. The content of total lipids, triacylglycerols, sphingomyelin in muscles, in the inner fat and in the liver of rainbow trout depended upon fish fodder composition. The increase of cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine during summer months and the reduction of these components in winter were registered.

Семейно ориентиран подход в социалната работа – основания и професионални рефлексии

Author(s): Natalia Hristova-Mihaylova,Maya Tcholakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2019

This article reviews and analyzes theoretical and practical arguments for introducing a family-oriented approach in social work. The focus is put on how social work is aimed at supporting families at risk, the basic characteristics and principles of the family-oriented approach, and the perception of professionals towards its application. Results of an empirical study among social service practitioners are presented. The data are interpreted according to the understandingand critical factors affecting the implementation of the family-оriented approach. The results show a tendency towards developing an awareness of the basic characteristics and principles of the family-oriented approach as well as a tendency to use it. Key factors that facilitate and hamper its application are identified, along with the predominant view of the practice in working with families as ineffective.