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ENVIRONMENTAL CRIME IN THE EU: IS THERE A NEED FOR FURTHER HARMONISATION OR FOR NEW ENFORCEMENT TOOLS?

Author(s): Mircea Duţu / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2016

Criminal approach of the environmental issues is both an innovative and a necessary evolution of a much wider field of regulation, at an international, European, and national level; hence, it is but part of the legal action taken by societies, in order to assess and partly solve the environmental crisis, and also to limit its impact on human life. Assuming a dominant position regarding the environmental aspects, the European Union has adopted a framework regulation regarding the protection of the environment through criminal law, as a tool for harmonizing national regulations of the member States, in order of creating a unitary legal approach of incriminating behaviours dangerous for the environment. Despite its generous purpose and its relatively recent date, the 2008/99/EC Directive is considered to be a useful, but still limited and even inefficient instrument, demanding for further improvement and completion, both at a EU and member State level.

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DIRECTIVE 2014/52/EU: BIG STEP FORWARD OR MERELY MINIMUM CONSENSUS? – AN ATTEMPT TO EVALUATE THE NEW EU – REGULATIONS ON THE ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF CERTAIN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE PROJECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT

Author(s): Christoph Mayer / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2016

The Directive 2014/52/EU, which the EU Member States will have to implement by 16 May 2017 at the latest, amends the existing Directive 2011/92/EU on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment (the so-called Environmental Impact Assessment Directive, in short: EIA Directive) to a considerable extent. Taking into account the amendments suggested by the Commission in its underlying proposal, this paper presents the main legal innovations caused by the EIA amending directive and on this basis attempts to evaluate the new provisions from an EU environmental law perspective. By this means, it will be shown that the Directive 2014/52/EU on the one hand does not represent the desired big step forward in creating a viable Union law regime of EIA, but on the other hand has to be seen as more than a mere minimum consensus of the Member States in this field, so that in the end the willingness of the Member States to ambitiously implement the EIA amending directive will be the critical factor for success for this EU legislative act.

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Armiero, Marco, (2021). Wasteocene. Stories from the Global Dump.

Author(s): Irena Borić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Review of: Armiero, Marco, (2021). Wasteocene. Stories from the Global Dump. Cambridge Elements. Elements in Environmental Humanities, Cambridge University Press.

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Evaluation of learning occupational safety and environmental health in vocational schools

Author(s): M. Ichsan Ali,Anas Arfandi,Akshari Tahir Lopa,M. Miftah Fauzan / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2022

This research aimed to describe the implementation of occupational safety and environmental health (OSEH) learning by teachers in the construction and property technology expertise programme. This research was conducted at five Indonesian vocational high schools that held the construction and property technology expertise programme. The population of this research was all vocational high school students in South Sulawesi province. Based on the cluster random sampling technique, five schools were selected to be the research sample with a total of 270 students. The results showed that the implementation of OSEH learning was carried out extremely well by the teachers in all of the schools under study. However, only 20% of the students had adequate OSEH knowledge, which indicates the need for the improvement of their knowledge. While the students’ attitudes towards the implementation of OSEH were generally good, they reported that their schools lacked personal protective equipment to be used during their practicum, thereby showing the need for more facilities.

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Dezvoltarea economică și degradarea mediului: un model de tip panel ARDL/PMG la nivelul țărilor UE-27

Author(s): Ionuț Jianu / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2022

This research aims to examine the relationship between economic development and environmental degradation in European Union over the period 2000-2019 using a Panel ARDL/PMG model. In this respect, I have used GDP per capita expressed in PPS to catch the economic development and greenhouse gas emission per capita as a proxy for environmental degradation. The study confirms a positive impact of greenhouse gas emissions (per capita) on GDP (per capita) on short-run, but also a negative effect on long-run – the long-run effect being present in 24 EU Member States.

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Helimaastike roll ja tähendus Tartu puhkekohtades

Author(s): Keily Tammaru,Leonora Palu,Oskar Harding,Timo Maran / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 18/2021

Soundscapes are valuable material for describing the city environment qualitatively. Each city has non-formal resting places where people like to stop, however they might not be determined by visual or cultural context, but by the soundscape. We studied soundscapes in people’s favourite resting places in Tartu. We delimited the ‘resting place’ as a very concrete point for stopping or sitting down. Based on a quiz, we identified the seven most popular resting places, which we chose for further study. In these sites, we made notes about all the surrounding sounds or a periood of 10 minutes, in addition, we identified more important visual or cultural dominants. We used Mats Widgren’s typology which involves form, function, process and context. To describe form and process more precisely, we distinguished biophony, geophony, antropophony and technophony, and used Juri Lotman’s typology of socio-communicative functions. Soundscapes could be distinguished as being either nature dominant or human and social dominant. In addition, visual and cultural dominants influence acoustic dominants both in their interpretations and meanings, but also by influencing which of the sounds will be primarily in focus for the receiver. According to the quiz responses, people expect resting places to be quiet and car free, but our observations show that there are considerable sounds, including traffic noise, in all resting places. On the other hand, people value activities like running, socializing or observing other people. People also consider auto communication and self-reflection to be important while staying in a resting place. In the city, preferences for environment types while stopping to have a rest, vary a lot, and according to that micro environments in the city should also be diverse and varied. We also found that it is preferably to study soundscapes in relation to features of the visual environment.

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La prise en compte du développement durable à partir de l’analyse des schémas de cohérence territoriale de l’Agglomération de Montpellier et de la Région Urbaine de Grenoble

Author(s): Fernanda Moscarelli / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2020

The Territorial Coherence Scheme (SCoT) is the central tool of French urban planning, which aims at designing sustainable cities. In order to open a comparative dialogue with other planning tools that target more sustainable cities in other territories, this work highlights the interpretation of the "sustainable city" frame referenced by the SCoT, as well as their real impact on the sustainability of cities. The study analyses the content of two SCoT cases, the Communauté d’Agglomération de Montpellier (CAM) and the Région Urbaine Grenobloise (RUG), as well as other resources: documents, interviews with actors, observation of workshops and deliberative meetings during the elaboration of these documents. The results highlight the capacity and limitations of the SCoT in making the city sustainable, emphasizing the role of the actors in organizing the development processes and putting them into practice. They are decisive for a good match between the tool and the objective in making cities more sustainable.

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LA FORMACIÓN JURÍDICO AMBIENTAL. CARACTERIZACIÓN HOLÍSTICA

Author(s): Sánchez Alcides Antúnez / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2023

The article analyzes the epistemological theoretical references of the environmental legal training process from its holistic characterization from different approaches to its construction from complexity and critical thinking, it contributes to achieving sustainable development due to its multidimensionality from the teaching-learning process in the Environmental Law subject in the Law degree, contributes to the solution to environmental problems from the integration of environmental legal content with a content proposal for the educational teaching process, will affect the knowledge of environmental education, where man-nature and In order to achieve the conservation of the environmental conditions that it requires for its habitat without prejudice to the development of the economic activities that impact it, it is necessary to establish the mechanisms, measures and procedures that allow a harmonious coexistence of the natural, the social and the economical for its transdisciplinarity of the environmental issue.

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RESILIENCE OF CRITICAL CULTURAL URBAN INFRASTRUCTURES (CCUI) IN THE FRAMEWORK OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS. SOME MANAGERIAL MARKERS

Author(s): Dorel Badea,Maria Constantinescu,Diana Elena Ranf,Olga Maria Cristina Bucoveţchi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Resilience has become, in all fields of activity but also in relation to the general way of characterizing the functionality of society, an essential condition, and subsequently a state but also a process, which brings added value to organizational practice, subject to appropriate management, in the face of an increasingly diverse spectrum of crises (military, economic, etc.). The article brings to the attention of specialists and readers interested in the subject an analysis of the conceptual features of the resilience of cultural critical entities, in the contemporary context assumed to be defined by the digital dimension of the current transformations, in order to identify possible managerial frameworks for achieving a sustainable level of this state. The topic presented has been chosen mainly in the light of broad considerations on the usefulness and practical necessity of urban critical infrastructure resilience approaches in the context of reinforcing security culture concerns. In subsidiary, based on previous individual research achievements of the authors, a certain scarcity of studies was also noted, at least at the national level, in this thematic area, the opportunity of undertaking the study and the novelty aimed to be created and exposed also arising.

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AN EXAMINATION OF BOKO HARAM CONFLICT AND FISHERS CHILDREN EDUCATION UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL IN BORNO STATE OF NIGERIA

Author(s): Babagana Zanna,Bashala Charles,Abba A. Goni / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The study focused on an examination of Boko Haram conflict and fishers’ children education under the background of sustainable development goal in Borno state of Nigeria. Interview for the research work was carried on available displaced fishermen and other people (IDPs) involved in fishing activities in major fish market of the state (Baga Motor Park) within the period of thirty (30) days; from the 04th of the month, February to 04th March,2022. Data for the study was obtained from primary and secondary sources and was analyzed with the application of qualitative technique. The result of the study revealed that Boko Haram conflict does not affect the level of consciousness and commitment in the promotion of education but have negative effect on the free basic education and has affected long-life equitable and inclusive quality education learning opportunities of fishers’ children education in the study area. Recommendations were made for the attainment of sustainable fishers’ children education through the formation of international forum, devising a means of reconstruction, rehabilitation and resettlement of the displaced fishers and vigorous sensitization campaign on awareness creation in the study area.

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SCHIMBĂRILE CLIMATICE ŞI POSIBILE MODIFICĂRI ALE MEDIULUI DE SECURITATE INTERNAȚIONAL

Author(s): Viorel ORDEANU,Benoni ANDRONIC / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 68/2022

Studying the literature in the country and abroad, the authors of the article analyze the issues considered relevant to global warming and climate change, which seem to occur globally and zonal, and express their own opinions and conclusions on how they could influence changes in the environment. international security. Following the analysis of the treated issues, the authors formulate some conclusions that they consider to be relevant in this respect.

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Implementing Sustainable Development Goals within the COVID–19 Pandemic Future Challenges for the 2030 Agenda

Author(s): Anna Rydz‑Żbikowska / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The COVID–19 pandemic has severely changed the world economy and jeopardized the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals on a large scale. Progress in meeting the goals of the 2030 Agenda has been significantly disrupted and stalled, undermining previous efforts of governments and nations. Furthermore, the economic slowdown of the global economy as an effect of COVID–19 has not improved the situation of climate change. The side effects of the pandemic are serious in every sphere of life, especially in the exacerbation of existing social inequalities, which results in threatening the achievements of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The aim of this article is to present the current status of SDG implementation with reference to the 2030 Agenda. Furthermore, it will examine the impact of COVID–19 on the progress of SDGs on a global scale, focusing mainly on the statistics from the Sustainable Development Report 2021. The purpose of the study is also to describe the results of the analysis that examines the major effects of the COVID–19 pandemic on European countries, including Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs), in terms of the implementation of SDGs. The study is limited to the context of Goal 1 (No poverty), Goal 2 (Zero hunger) and Goal 3 (Good health and well‑being). Another purpose, recognized as the added value of the research, is to identify the main challenges related to sustainable development while implementing the SDGs in the CEECs. Finally, the author investigates the post‑COVID priorities and pandemic strategic response plans. The research methods include an analysis of available documentary and literary sources on the topics in question, based on the development of relevant statistical surveys, and the deductive approach, to draw conclusions from the reports of international organizations. The research was based on the global indicator framework, which includes 231 unique indicators that monitored the stage and progress of the SDGs’ implementation. Global SDG Indicators Data Platform (SDG Indicators Database) was the source of data.

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Stakeholder Perceptions of Socio-Ecological System Improvements: A Place-Based Study of Stream Habitat Enhancements

Author(s): Josh Smith,Paul Jr Kinder,Steven Selin,Jamie Hoffmann / Language(s): English Issue: 1(57)/2022

Aquatic habitat enhancement projects typically occur in degraded socio-ecological systems. A major goal of these projects is to improve the ecosystem services that the streams provide to humans. In this work, we investigated how visitors at West Virginia’s Holly River State Park perceived the impact of an aquatic habitat enhancement project on ecosystem services provided by the Laurel Fork. The 172 surveyed visitors gave their current perceptions of the ecosystem services provided by the stream, as well as how they believed the ecosystem services would change upon completion of the aquatic habitat enhancement project. Results indicate that both anglers and non-anglers thought that the enhancement project would negatively impact the aesthetics and cultural ecosystem services provided by the stream. However, they felt that the provisioning ecosystem services, and recreation opportunities provided by the stream would improve. Our study highlights how important stakeholders’ perceptions are to habitat enhancement success.

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Developing a Conceptual Model of Employee Ecological Behavior using an Integrative Approach

Author(s): Khalid Farooq,Mohd Yusoff Yusliza,Zikri Muhammad,Jumadil Saputra / Language(s): English Issue: 1(57)/2022

In recent years, research on Green Intellectual Capital (IC) has received greater attention in organizational scholarship. This paper develops a conceptual model based on an integrative approach better to understand antecedents and outcomes of Green IC. The proposed model offers future research a holistic understanding of the antecedents and outcomes of Green IC that predict perceived CSR and environmental performance. Moreover, the study revealed a previously unexplored effect of Green IC on perceived CSR. This conceptual paper reviews theoretical approaches and uses intellectual capital-based view theory as underpinning to understand Green IC’s antecedents and outcomes. The authors developed a conceptual model with Green Human Resource Management (HRM) and environmental consciousness as antecedents and perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) and environmental performance as outcomes of Green IC. The authors also suggest that employee ecological behavior (EEB) may be influenced by perceived CSR and increase environmental performance. The study's findings would help an organization create a Green IC by the influential role of Green HRM practices and environmental consciousness. Recognition of the importance of Green IC could enable organizations to create more policies and strategies strengthening their formal CSR, EEB and improve environmental performance.

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GİRESUN’DA YAŞAYAN YEREL HALKIN EKOTURİZME YÖNELİK ALGILARININ BELİRLENMESİ

Author(s): Mustafa Yiğit,Süreyya Akçay / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 24/2022

As a result of tourism activities, many economic, socio-cultural and environmental effects occur. Especially the significant development of mass tourism and the increase in tourism activities have had effects on the deterioration of the environment. Reducing these effects and the awareness that has developed in the direction of protection has also led to the development of sustainable tourism. Ecotourism, which is a sub-section of sustainable tourism, is a type of tourism that includes travel to protected areas in general and thus provides economic development and protection of natural resources. The realization of ecotourism is possible with the participation of the local people in the places visited. The development of ecotourism, on the other hand, depends on ensuring the participation of the local people, getting their opinions and providing the maximum benefit to the local people. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the perception of the positive and negative effects of ecotourism by the local people. The population of this study consists of the local people aged 18 and over residing in Giresun province. Within the scope of this study, in which the questionnaire technique was used, data were obtained by reaching 423 people. The findings obtained from the descriptive analysis show that the perception of the people of Giresun on the effects of ecotourism is generally positive. In addition, it has been determined that the people of Giresun believe that ecotourism contributes to the protection of historical buildings and structures, that environmental pollution and ecotourism do not have negative effects against nature, and that it is thought to be effective in the cultural development and quality of life of the local people. On the other hand, although ecotourism is thought to be effective in the emergence of social problems such as crime, prostitution, drugs and the disappearance of cultural values in the city, it has been concluded that ecotourism does not have a negative effect on the attitudes and behaviors of the local people.

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THE PROBLEMATIQUE OF THE PEOPLES OF KURGAN CULTURE AND KURGAN-TYPE TOMBS EMERGED IN THE EARLY SECOND MILLENNIUM BC IN EASTERN ANATOLIA

Author(s): Umut Parliti,Ahmet Kocaispir / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2022

In the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC, the tradition of burial mounds defined as kurgan tombs emerged on the frontiers of Transcaucasia and Northwest Iran, known as the plateaus of the Eastern Anatolia Region. Contrary to the emergence of these tombs, most of the settlements in the region vanished. Political motivations may be the reason for such a change, or as claimed, people may have left the plains and started animal husbandry due to climate instabilities. Accordingly, this paper seeks to bring together these views in a theoretical framework and discuss them in light of climate, people, environment, and migration.

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Digitalization of Environmental Information in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Issues of Legal Regulation

Author(s): Lazzat Yerkinbayeva,Daniya Nurmukhankyzy,Bakytzhan Kalymbek,Aigerim Ozenbayeva,Zhanna Kalymbekova / Language(s): English Issue: 1(57)/2022

This article considers legal regulation in the sphere of digitalizing environmental information. The study addresses the legislative consolidation of such digitalization to protect the environment and use natural resources, as well as respect human rights to access environmental information. The article is based on both general and special scientific methods. The article provides recommendations on improving the existing legislation in the field of access to environmental information and regulating the digitalization of environmental information.

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CURRENT CHALLENGE IN FIGTHTING AGAINST TAX AVOIDANCE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: LINK BETWEEN SUSTAINABILITY AND TAXATION

Author(s): Éva Erdős / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The main question is there being sustainable taxation? What is the link between sustainability and tax avoidance? What can tax policy do to ensure sustainable taxation in times of pandemic and economic crises? How can connect the fair and simpler taxation with tax avoidance? In this study I analyse the Commission's Communications on the link between sustainability and tax avoidance in the light of the European Recovery Plan. The main objective in the context of the pandemic is to address the double challenge of increasing public revenue to achieve a rapid economic recovery by reducing tax evasion. The Commission aims to lead this transition into a greener and more digital world that is compatible with the principles of the social market economy. Fair efficient and sustainable taxation is central to reaching on this goals: everyone from natural persons to corporations need to pay their fair share of public burden. The commission adopted the Recovery Plan in which there are measures leading to reach the results. Most important goal to building the future of our children and grandchildren by present taxation. In my study, I examine the path and legal instruments to achieve this, drawing conclusions

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