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Manisa İlinin Yenilenebilir Enerji Potansiyeli Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Author(s): Ferhat Arslan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 03/2016

The process of mechanization and industrialization that occurred after the industrial revolution which began in the 19th century has also increased the need for energy. This increase has caused an excessive consumption of oil, coal and natural gas known as the fossil fuels. This excessive consumption has lead almost to the exhaustion of the resources and environmental problems. The oil crisis that occurred in the 20th century and environmental problems has lead to a search for an energy source as an alternative to fossil fuels. As a consequence of this search there has been a tendency to use solar, wind, water, geothermal, wave and biomass sources. These resources which are defined as sources of Renewable energy are recently used as the main energy source in many countries . Turkey is a country which has a constantly growing need for energy this energy requirement is met with the imported fossil fuels which has lead to problems, such as dependence on foreign energy. Turkey made various incentives and planning for renewable energy sources to reduce foreign dependency to meet its need for energy and to put its own resources to good use. This paper aims to bring out the potential of renewable energy of Manisa, an agriculture and industry city located in Agean Region. According to the results of this study it is evaluated that Manisa has a great potantial of wind, sun, geotermal and biomass energy but that it’s hydroelectric energy is insufficent.

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Стањe животне средине на територији општине Лозница –основ интегралне планске заштите–

Author(s): Dejan Filipović,Danijela Obradović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2007

Analysis of existing environmental conditions in certain area represents the basis of its further protection, quality improvement and planning of future activities according to sustainable development, potentials and weaknesses of that area and certain needs of local population. There are few different sources of environmental pollution in the municipality of Loznica, and some of them have “important” influences on closer or wider environment. This paper represents environmental state according to conditions of separate elements (air, water, soil), problems of noise and waste, and in the end proposes certain mitigation measures. Also, this work shows categorization of the environment from the “pollution” point of view and indicates spaces that could be imperiled in coming period.

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Yapısal Kırılma Altında Türkiye’de Ekonomik Büyüme, CO2 Emisyonu ve Sağlık Harcamaları İlişkisi

Author(s): Melike Atay Polat,Suzan Ergun / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2018

One of the many factors that affect human health is the destructions in the quality of the environment. Especially, the destructions in the environmental quality caused by increasing economic activities poses serious threats in terms of health. Health problems caused by environmental destruction leads to rapid increase in health expenditures. In this study, the effects of environmental destruction and economic growth on health expenditures of Turkey in the 1980-2016 years have been analyzed using single structural break Zivot-Andrews test and Gregory-Hansen cointegration test. While analyzing causal relation among variables, Toda Yamamoto method has been used. At this study CO2 emission per capita is used as indicator of environmental disruption and real GDP per capita has been used as indicator of economic growth, and health expenditure has been measured as per capita. The result of the analysis have shown that there is not a long term relation among health expenditures, economic growth and CO2 emission. In addition, one way causality relationship has been determined from health expenditure towards economic growth and CO2 emissions and from economic growth towards CO2 emissions.

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Нека питања интегрисања еколошке проблематике у стратегије одрживог развоја

Author(s): Dragana Miljanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2006

This article treats theoretical-methodological positions of interdependence economic and environmental dimension of development. Аpproaches to the environmental problems in process of defining development strategies in Serbia are presented. It was pointed that introduction of integrated approach in coordination development policy with environmental policy is necessary.

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The soil use in rural areas

Author(s): Borislav Stojkov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2006

The soil is becoming one of the crucial problems for the Nature and its proper functioning due to many reasons of its misusing or abusing. The market forces in agriculture are rapidly deteriorating the soil wild biodiversity and its capacity. The importance of the soil and its wild biodiversity, related to the water system and other ecological functions, are presented in short outlines. Understanding the soil quality means assessing and managing soil that it functions optimally now and is not degradated for the future use. Evaluation of the soil quality in a different manner serves for agriculture embetterment and for keeping water and habitat organisms quality. Further, the instrument for soil protection policies implementation are given such as regional development planning, incentives for regional integration, social impacts oriented actions, education etc. The further soil decay will generally jeopardize the whole idea of sustainable development. Therefore it asks for more efficient understanding from decision makers, producers, but from planners as well.

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Еколошка анализа подручја уз аутопут кроз Београд на деоници Добановци-Бубањ Поток

Author(s): Dejan Filipović,Bogdan Lukić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2006

In compatibility with actual recommendations and policy which leads to improvement and preservation of integral environment and especially its natural values, it is necessary to implement active and integral approach to all variety of planning documents. In order to visualize the impact of highway through Belgrade on its surroundings, the solutions of the traffic artery were analyzed from the aspect of the protection of the environment in the sense of definition of harmful impacts and proposals of measures for their prevention or removal. The basic starting point was to get the answer whether and which, from ecological aspect, protection measures should be taken. The paper will show specific details of making the Belgrade highway environmental impact study.

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Стање и динамика озонског омотача Земље са освртом на Монтреалски протокол

Author(s): Vladan Ducić,Snežana Đurđić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2005

The paper presents the analyses of the condition and dynamics of Earth’s ozone layer on the base of the latest satellite measurements and estimated results of the pollutants emissions. On the basis of those results it presented an attempt of explanation of the ozone layer dynamics by prospective causality. Furthermore, paper work contents analyses of activities and measures that are provided by international document known as Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.

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Architectural design contest with social participation as a part of building culture in Europe

Author(s): Maciej Kowalczyk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Thesis. The culture of organising architectural competitions has a long tradition in Europe. The architectural desgin contest is used as a democratic tool for selecting the best design solution. In today’s European building culture there is a constantly growing need for the social input into the design process. In effect, architectural competitions are facing changes. On the one hand, an architectural design contest needs to fulfill the EU’s legal frames. On the other hand, the traditional forms of competions are questioned by society, that is searching for a more transprent selection process. Methods. The study shows the concept of the building culture (Baukultur) as an ideological background of all the building activity in Europe. It describes the role of an architectural competition as an instrument for the high quality development. The author shows current legal frameworks for the design contests included in the EU directives and presents different competition practices in Europe with a focus on Poland. Results. There are not many examples of architectural competitions that anticipate the social input. It is an effect of not adjusted procurement law. Nevertheless, some exceptions have already been made. Conclusions. The main difficulty in architectural design contest with social participation is the need of maintaining the legal framework based on the anonymity of the participant. The social input in the case hampers the preservation of this condition, hence various attempts to modify the existing, traditional formulas.

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YERELLİK-POPÜLERLİK EKSENİNDE TÜRKİYE’DE ÇEVRE MÜCADELELERİ

Author(s): Hayriye ÖZEN / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2018

As is the case in many other countries, many environmental struggles have emerged in Turkey within the last few decades. Although they first emerged only in a few places in the 1990s, these struggles extended to almost all regions of the country in 2000s by voicing environmentally harmful effects of gold-mining, hydroelectric power schemes, thermal power plants and nuclear plant projects. By focusing on the anti-HEPP protests in the Eastern Black Sea region and the anti-gold mining protests in the Aegean and South Marmara region, this paper adresses this question: to what extent do these locally emerged protest movements have the potential of transforming into a regional or national counter-hegemonic popular movement? It is argued that although they went beyond the local, neither the anti-gold mining nor the anti-HEPP protests succeeded to turn into such political agent. Both struggles constructed a discourse that articulated local demands together with national ones, and mobilized not only local, but also several national social groups. However, they could not construct a collective identity, failing to unite plural mobilized groups and turn them into a popular political agent.

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Polska bez bocianów? - Stanisław Jaromi Ofmconv w rozmowie ze Zbigniewem Nosowskim

Author(s): Stanisław Jaromi,Zbigniew Nosowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 672/2018

Interview with: Stanisław Jaromi and Zbigniew Nosowski.

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MODA TASARIMI ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ETİK KAVRAMINA BAKIŞ AÇILARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: ESKİŞEHİR ÖRNEĞİ

Author(s): Ayşe Seçil Tekin Akbulut / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 08/2013

Professionals are supposed to conduct their duties in accordance with a set of ethical standards accepted by all members of the profession. These standards determine what they should or should not do or what is right or wrong in the workspace. The classification and description of these moral questions are even more difficult when artistic creation is in question. Duplicating previous works, re-using some parts of the previous studies to create a new work and stealing from other designers’ productions can be observed in the profession. Moreover, the use of ecologically friendly materials is emphasized recently. However, the degree to which these behaviours are judged as ethical or unethical depends mostly on the rigour and conscience of the creators. In this regard, the current study administered a questionnaire to address above constructs among 135 fashion design students in Eskişehir, Turkey. Participant perceptions regarding the professional ethics of fashion designers were investigated. An exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure. Factors were named as ethics during creativity and environmental awareness. The analysis explained 46 per cent of the total variance and factors had high internal consistency coefficients. Participants’ averages did not differ with regard to gender whereas differences among classes were observed. Findings are discussed followed by implications and suggestions for further implementations.

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Okul İçi Ve Okul Dişi Gürültü Düzeylerinin Karşilaştirilmasi

Author(s): Hüseyin Abakaya,Mızrap Bulunuz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2018

The purpose of this research is to compare the noise levels both outdoors and indoors of the schools. This research is a descriptive (supplementary) type of research which was done in 3 primary schools, 3 secondary schools and 4 high schools in Orhangazi-Bursa. In these schools, ‘Bruel & KjaerHand-held Analyzer Type 2250-L’ sound meter was used to take sound measurements. Determining the noise levels was done during break time and lesson time both outdoors and indoors of the schools. Findings demonstrated that the indoor noise levels of all schools were significantly higher than the values recommended in the regulation. When the outdoor noise levels are examined, it is seen that only one school is below the recommended values. Outdoor and indoor noise levels of central-city schools were higher than the noise levels of schools far from city-center. According to these findings, new schools need to be constructed in areas where the noise levels are low, far from the center of the city. There is also a need for sound insulation in all schools. Comparisons of school types at different levels found that the noise level of primary schools was significantly higher than the others. These findings indicate that a program is a needed to detect and design methods for controlling excessive noise in all school types.

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Etiologia i symptomy deficytu – teoria umysłu w autyzmie. Studium przypadku

Author(s): Joanna Zborowska,Mariusz Zborowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2017

One of important dysfunctions associated with autism is social deficit. It can be assumed that this deficit is related to the lack of the so-called “theory of mind”. An autistic person, therefore, is not able to predict the behavior and emotional states of others. This article is a practical attempt to analyze this assumption. The case described in the analytical part of the article clearly shows that the autistic person shows no interest in social activities, and if such a contact is initiated, they present large passivity. Communication with an autistic person is limited to the reaction to the stimulus and is always treated literally.

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Historia środowiskowa Zagłady

Author(s): Jacek Małczyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

Małczyński suggests to take the comparison of the Holocaust to an earthquake literally in the context of debates on the anthropocene as a new epoch in the history of the Earth. He argues that Holocaust Studies should embrace environmental history, which examines the relationship between human an non-human factors (such as the shaping of landscapes, the climate, weather, plants and animals) in the environment. This, Małczyński argues, would allow Holocaust scholars to enter the debate on climate change, the extinction of species, climate wars and migrations caused by global warming.

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Góry śmieci otulały watą smrodu wszystko, co żyło. (Śmieci w getcie warszawskim w perspektywie środowiskowej historii Zagłady)

Author(s): Jacek Leociak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

This article examines rubbish, human waste and dirt in the homes, yards and streets of the Warsaw Ghetto. Leociak views the ghetto as a kind of ecosystem impacted by various factors – biological, social, administrative, but also cultural. Moving away from an anthropocentric textological perspective focused on isolating and interpreting textual representations of rubbish, Leociak turns instead to an environmental history of the Holocaust. This is why he is interested not only in the meaning of the representations of rubbish that often appear in testimonies and documents (the prose of Rachela Auerbach and Ladislav Fuks), but above all in their material phenomenon, their organic-non-organic structure and the processes that take place in it.

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Klimat Zagłady (w perspektywie powieści Pawła Huellego, Tadeusza Konwickiego, Andrzeja Kuśniewicza i Piotra Szewca)

Author(s): Marta Tomczok / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

This article suggests possibilities of reading novels by Tadeusz Konwicki, Andrzej Kuśniewicz, Piotr Szewc and Paweł Huelle through the prism of environment-oriented studies on the Shoah. Where Polish narratives of the Holocaust are concerned, Tomczok proposes, the years 1986 and 1987 saw not only a breakthrough in terms of politics and worldview, but also a shift in writers’ perception of climate change and the rapid degradation of the environment. Building on studies by Eelco Runia and Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht, Tomczok reads natural disasters as metonymies of the Shoah – metonymies that point to the extermination of the Jews while also reflecting on contemporary threats to the natural environment. Tomczok’s proposition to relate these two perspectives draws on Harald Welzer’s Climate Wars: What People Will Be Killed For in the 21st Century. The article also contextualizes selected novels by the above-mentioned writers with Polish climate research conducted in the 1980s at the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute.

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Zielona macewa

Author(s): Agnieszka Kłos / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

This analysis of memoirs by former prisoners at the Auschwitz concentration camp focuses on spacial descriptions of the camp. The space is commonly described as ‘contaminated,’ while in literature it is treated as an example of the dead ‘landscape of death’.

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Przedmioty ekozagłady. Spekulatywna teoria hiperobiektów Timothy’ego Mortona i jej (możliwe) ślady w literaturze

Author(s): Anna Barcz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

Barcz begins by discussing the main concept behind the title of Timothy Morton’s book Hyperobjects (2013). Hyperobjects are a new type of objects characterized not only by the ecological crisis caused directly by humans, but also dangerous environmental and climatic phenomena that seem beyond our comprehension. The theory of hyperobjects relates to the issues most recently at stake in ecocriticism. These issues allow us to identify a distinct trend within the field – ecocriticism in the age of asymmetry (a phrase coined by Morton). In the second part, Barcz refers to the concept of hyperobjects as a possible narrative in the literature dealing with atomic disasters – a type of ecocide found in the works of Marlen Haushofer, Christa Wolf or Svetlana Alexievich.

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„Jesteśmy połączonym z sobą światem” – Timothy Morton i widmo innej wspólnoty

Author(s): Andrzej Marzec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

Marzec analyses the phenomenon of non-humans disappearing in black boxes (Bruno Latour), withdrawing into handiness (Martin Heidegger/Graham Harman) and their dissolving in Nature (Timothy Morton). Looking for the cause for the catastrophic distinction between humans and non-humans, Marzec finds answers in Morton’s philosophical tools. A key reason the distinction between humans and non-humans is the transition from the gathering and hunting collective to the agricultural community – a transition that gives rise to agrilogistics or thinking about non-humans in terms of resources or private property. Marzec explores the notion of ecology without the notion of Nature and uses Morton’s concept of dark ecology to outline the possibilities of another community in solidarity with non-humans.

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Miłosz i ptaki

Author(s): Magdalena Śniedziewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

Śniedziewska examines Miłosz’s relationship to animals – especially birds – as it can be reconstructed from Dolina Issy and some of his poems. Fascinated with both nature and hunting, Miłosz advocates for two contradictory positions. As soon as he enters the world of hunting – portryed by Schiller as a naive perspective – and begins to observe wild animals, he undergoes a radical change. Śniedziewska argues that Tomasz, the alter ego of the young Miłosz, whose perspective is influenced by the consciousness of the mature poet, never really attains real access to the wild birds’ world. Miłosz’s poems about birds, however, are part of his reflections on the essence of all living creatures. The place where his thoughts about birds intersect in his prose and poems are his remarks on the problem of classification: naming as appropriation.

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