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Social Protection Programmes Crisis – Solutions Between Pragmatism and Paradigm Changes

Author(s): Razvan-Mihail Papuc / Language(s): English Issue: 09/2009

The aim of this paper is to examine the redefining of the support policies related to the con-temporary ‘welfare’ state from the context of the public policy proposals coordinated by the World Bank,the European Union and ‘The Third Way’ of the British economist Anthony Giddens. The new strategies of support and inclusion on the labor force market are outlined through the design of educational policies, and furthermore, emphasis is given to the transition from a generous state based on inalienable civil rights towards one within which citizenship is being replaced as grounds for access to some natural rights with the micro and macro social intervention management based on ‘testing the means’ and on the ‘management of social risks’, - while the sustainability of the proposed systems relies on the actual possibilities of concurrence between the national and regional directives, within the context of certain social risks – both national and global. The paper also examines the reforms of the ‘welfare’ state through the filter of their effectiveness and feasibility as basic requirements in the balanced implementation of the current social policies.

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Współpraca rozwojowa Kuby z krajami Południa

Author(s): Wioletta Nowak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 24/2017

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The main aim of the paper is the presentation of the scale and forms of Cuba’s development cooperation with developing countries. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The basic problem of the paper is a quantitative and qualitative analysis of Cuba’s development cooperation with the South. The paper uses two main research tools, which are literature studies and statistical analysis of the data available on UNESCO and ELAM webpages. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The line of reasoning consists of three parts. At first, Cuba’s achievements in the area of education and health were shown. Then, the scale and forms of Cuban’s cooperation with the South in the area of education were presented. Finally, the Cuban medical programme for developing countries was discussed. RESEARCH RESULTS: The Cuban development assistance principally concentrates in the area of education and health. The main beneficiaries are Latin America, the Caribbean, Africa, and the Pacific countries. The Cuban development cooperation is based on the principle of solidarity among the poor societies. Cuba co‑finances projects in the area of education and health when a given developing country is able to participate in the costs and covers full costs otherwise. Additionally, Cuba freely transfers technology and know‑how to the South. Moreover, Cuba does not interfere into domestic affairs of the countries with which it cooperates. Despite its difficult economic situation, Cuba helped millions of people in the South to improve their health and education. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The Cuban model of the development assistance/cooperation with the South in the area of education and health should be copied by Western donors.

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Wsparcie osób żyjących z chorobą Alzheimera – lokalne rozwiązania wzmacniające potencjał opiekuńczy rodziny

Author(s): Beata Bugajska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2023

As the population ages, it is becoming a challenge to provide dignified care to the growing number of elderly people with Alzheimer’s disease or other types of dementia. In the absence of systemic solutions, the only way to provide dignified care for people with Alzheimer’s disease is to implement local strategies to strengthen the caregiving capacity of families of people living with this disease. The subject of this study was the institutional support of families of people living with Alzheimer’s disease and their families. The cognitive goal of the research was to identify forms of support for such families in Szczecin. The practical goal, in turn, was to identify recommendations for optimizing institutional support. The research procedure used an analysis of foundational data. The forms of support for families in the care of people living with Alzheimer’s disease developed in Szczecin are designed to strengthen the caring capacity of families, in line with the Strategy for Solving Social Problems until 2027. Key forms of support include the only financial benefit in Poland, i.e. “Alzheimer 75 Benefit,” daily support centers for people with Alzheimer’s disease, a day respite care center, and the “Niezapominajka Caregiver Support Centre”, including a mobile team providing support in the home environment.

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Pracownik socjalny a straż miejska – charakterystyka współpracy terenowej na przykładzie Straży Miejskiej Miasta Krakowa i miejskiego ośrodka pomocy społecznej w Krakowie

Author(s): Piotr Twaróg / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2021

The scope of tasks of the Municipal Social Welfare Centre in Kraków (Miejski Ośrodek Pomocy Społecznej w Krakowie) and the Municipal Police of Kraków (Straż Miejska Miasta Krakowa), both being local government institutions, enforces their close cooperation that ensures an effective execution of their goals by undertaking actions especially concerning the homeless. Threats from individuals, that are often of physical violence kind, that social workers are often unprepared to face, are inseparably incorporated in the specific nature of social work. To improve their safety and comfort of work, social workers aware of potential dangers ought to peruse opportunities offered by local departments of the Municipal Police operating in their remit. It is advisable that social workers know, however superficially, the statutory roles and responsibilities of the Municipal Police. To facilitate a seamless performance of their tasks by conducting them with all possible safety measures, social workers may request an assistance of the Municipal Police unit while on duty.

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The impact of club activity on the family life of seniors

Author(s): Dušan Polonský / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The article characterizes seniors as a social group and age group. It points to organizations that defend the interests of seniors and their families in the Slovak Republic. It pays more attention to military seniors (military retirees) in slovakia and especially to the activities of the Liptov Military Pensioniers´Club, which operates in LiptovskýMikuláš – also in the direction of active activity of seniors and their family members.

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Proč využíváme životního příběhu klienta v našem zařízení?

Author(s): Silvie Švecová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2022

V Domově Iris v Ostravě se pracuje mezi jinými i s Konceptem Biografické péče o seniora. Jeho základem je poznat klienta od dětství, mládí, přes dospělost až po stáří. Díky těmto informacím, které nám buď sdělí klient sám, je-li schopen, nebo je získáme díky spolupráci s rodinou, jsme schopni nejen nastavit individuální péči a přístup ke klientovi, ale najít i příčinu, proč je klient smutný, apatický nebo až agresivní. Vyřešit jeho „projevy chování“, které snižují nejen jeho kvalitu života, ale i spolubydlících a v konečné řadě i zlepšit a ulehčit péči personálu. Při prohloubení demence se může stát, že ze dne na den senior zapomene, že si umí umýt ruce, že se umí učesat, obléknout, najíst, začne být negativní až agresivní, utíkat, smutný, takzvaně ztracený v čase, v místě v situaci nebo při zhoršení zdravotního stavu nebo po onemocnění, které způsobí např. upoutání na lůžko, poruchu řeči a pak je klient plně odkázán na naši péči.

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INSTITUTIONAL PROTECTION OF WOMEN VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE IN NORTH MACEDONIA WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE CITY OF TETOVO

Author(s): Drita Memeti,Nazmije SHAQIRI / Language(s): English Issue: 19-20/2023

Violence, as an act of violating human rights, in this case, the rights of women, is a phenomenon that harms the family, society, and the state as the highest entity of societal organization, therefore it is indispensable that this phenomenon should be addressed by the relevant state institutions, which are obliged to provide protection for victims of gender-based violence. To analyze the efficiency of state institutions in protecting women and girls, victims of violence, in this paper the method of explicative and descriptive analysis is used, as well as statistics to present the results obtained from the online survey questionnaire, which will enable tabular arrangement of the data, as well as the semi-structured interview conducted with employees of the Centre for social work in Tetovo. This paper is also based on the statistical data on violence against women and girls in RNM provided by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, State Statistical Office as well as the data on social protection recently offered to victims of violence within the framework of the Centre for social work. The final part of this paper, together with the conclusions, will include the measures undertaken by the institutions of our country to protect the victims of violence, most of whom are women and girls.

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Violența domestică, o încălcare prea puțin vizibilă a drepturilor omului

Author(s): Horia Mihai / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2023

The aim of this article is to analyse the phenomenon of domestic violence from a human rights perspective. Throughout the article I will present the evolution of perceptions regarding gender equality indicators, the legislative framework and the situation of cases brought to court. I also consider it essential to introduce a brief analysis of the social assistance system in Romania. It is very important that the risk factors and established triggers of domestic violence are brought into question, in order to better understand the dynamics and perceptions that contribute to such manifestations. My personal interest in the topic of domestic violence arose from my collaboration with the National Agency for Equal Opportunities, with whom I am participating in the VERA project, carried out by the Catalactica Association. The Vera project is a national study on domestic violence. Participating in this project gave me a broader perspective on the studied phenomenon, and some of the information I consider fundamental in the analysis of domestic violence is included in this article, such as statistical data, social context and literature. Domestic violence, like any other form of violence, is a violation of human rights. This phenomenon must be treated as a public social problem, the causes and effects of which go beyond the sphere of private life.

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Исторически и съвременни аспекти на трудотерапията и творческите методи в социалната работа

Author(s): Plamen Kolev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The article traces the dynamics and development of creative methods and occupational therapy in social work as specific mechanisms for supporting vulnerable clients, forming their skills and attitudes. In recent years, there has been a significant expansion of the range of different forms and areas of use of therapeutic approaches in medical, preventive and rehabilitation practice. Dynamics are observed in the approaches to impact and support in the field of social work, education and access to employment for vulnerable persons and users of social services.

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Türkiye’de kişilerin sosyodemografik özellikleri ile sağlık hizmeti sunucusu tercihleri arasındaki ilişki

Author(s): Levent İncedere / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2023

In this study, which aims to reveal how the health institutions that are first consulted when health services are needed in Turkey are shaped by sociodemographic and economic variables and their relationship with descriptive findings, TURKSTAT’s Life Satisfaction Survey data for 2019 were used. In the study, the relationship between the health institutions preferred by individuals and sociodemographic data according to private/public and cascade system was analysed. It was revealed that the health institutions that people first apply when they need health services are related to sociodemographic and economic variables.

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В сенките на несигурността: законодателството и неформалните работници

Author(s): Petya Klimentova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The article problematizes the lack of social security rights for those working in the informal economy in Bulgaria from the point of view of the existing legislation. On the basis of in-depth interviews with two labor experts and ongoing participant observation in the work of the Union of Self-Employed and Informal Workers in the period 2021–2023, several topics have been identified that could be the basis for social dialogue and progress in the protection of this kind of labour. The attempted analysis is based on the engaged categories (goods) embedded in the narratives of the interviewees, in the sense involved in Luc Boltanski and Laurent Thévenot’s concept of „orders of significance“ and „modes/regimes of engagement“.

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The efficiency of social services provided by the municipalities: primary education case study

Author(s): Magdalena Wojarska / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

Motivation: The crucial value guiding local governments is to serve their residents by carrying out public tasks that satisfy the collective needs of the local community. Although the municipality, as a non-profit organisation, does not have to be profitable, it must apply proper management practices to achieve its goals and attract investors. Local government’s efficient and effective functioning is now the basis of modern society. Measuring and analysing results have become an international trend in modernising public administration, and results-based management is seen as a manifestation of public concern for the proper use of taxes. Education is a significant area of local government activity due to its role in every country’s development and the fact that it absorbs considerable financial resources. The growing economic crisis and challenges local governments face today mean that efficiency analysis should also be conducted concerning this category of tasks.Aim: The article aims to assess the efficiency of resources (financial and human) used by municipalities to carry out their task in the field of primary education in the context of the type and wealth of the commune.Results: The results of this study confirm higher resource efficiency in cities than in rural municipalities. The percentage of cities where the total efficiency coefficient exceeded the level of the third quartile was 84.6% (including 97.3% in large units, 91.9% in medium ones, and 70.8% in small ones). At the same time, it was only 14.9% in rural communes. Medium-sized cities with high levels of own revenue per capita characterised the highest efficiency of converting input into output. In contrast, rural municipalities with low levels of own revenue had the lowest efficiency.

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DIGITALIZATION – ESSENTIAL FACTOR FOR INCREASING THE PERFORMANCE IN THE HEALTH FIELD

Author(s): Carmen Comaniciu,Andra Comaniciu / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2023

The health system is made up of a set of independent components (but specialized and profiled) that are interdependent and allow ensuring the health of the individual, in families, groups and the community. In this regard, entities with attributions in the field of health are those that fulfil a mission that means more than diagnosing and curing diseases, they are those entities that must orientate their objectives to ensure everyone and everywhere a perfect state of health, a state of physical, mental and social well-being. Since the benefits of digitization are unanimously recognized in the sense of improving processes, increasing efficiency and effectiveness, reducing costs and digital transformation has progressed rapidly in the recent period, increasing the overall efficiency of the health sector can be achieved through the use of digital solutions. Without pretending to be an exhaustive approach, through this article we will highlight some coordinates of the digitization of the health system, taking into account the studies and research from the specialized literature, which presents the success factors, opportunities, challenges and risks.

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Emotional, Moral Distress, Eustress Experimented by Social Workers that Activates in Adoption Field According to Adoption Law from Romania

Author(s): Ionuț Militaru / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

The term stress has an omnipresence in many situations in everyday life, but especially in professional activities. In some areas, such as the adoption field, the labor of a social worker involves specialized intervention in accordance with the legislation specific to the domain of activity. One of the segments of this type of intervention requires understanding and analyze the particular needs, motivations, requirements, difficulties, concerns, personal motives, beliefs, hopes, uncertainties, stereotypes, misconceptions, in order to assess the capabilities of the person/ family (material conditions and moral guarantees) to meet the specific needs (behaviors or conditions secondary to abandonment trauma) of a child declared by the court suitable for adoption process. Subsequently, the social worker from the adoption department ensures support, empowerment, provides counseling to clients and supervise them at all stages of the procedure until its completion (from matching a child to post-adoption monitoring to case closure process). Certain situations from those described above, in relation to the steps applied to the legal provisions in the institutional environment may lead to experiencing some forms of stress and related (moral/emotional distress, eustress, psychosomatic manifestations, burnout, moral dilemma, cognitive bias, problematic ethical aspects of the social worker practice).

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Z historie spolků a organizací zdravotně postižených

Author(s): Jaroslav Paur / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2017

Existence osob se zdravotním handicapem byl vždy v historii lidstva problémem, který byl společností řešen někdy dramaticky, někdy ponecháním jedince svému, často trpkému osudu, někdy soucitem, méně již mecenášstvím, které bylo většinou pro vyvolené. Zaznamenáváme však i snahy o výchovu a vzdělávání handicapovaných. Byla to především katolická církev, kdo dělal první kroky v jejich prospěch. První zmínka je již ze VI. století, kdy kněz John Beverley psal o výchově hluchoněmých (dílo „Lonquella per digitos“, v překladu „mluva prsty“), Pedro de Ponce. Jiní mniši řádu sv. Benedikta vychovávali ve středověku neslyšící ve Španělsku a hlavně pak francouzský abbé Charles-Michel de L‘Épée, který položil základy k celé ústavní výchově neslyšících a především pak k jejich znakovému jazyku. U nás v českých zemích to byl kněz Jan Berger, který se stal roku 1786 jedním ze zakladatelů a posléze ředitelem prvního Ústavu pro hluchoněmé v Praze. On i jeho nástupci, kněz Václav Frost či prelát Karel Kmoch vyhledávali neslyšící a pečovali o jejich blaho tělesné i duševní a byli se svými žáky v pravidelném kontaktu.

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Percepcija studenata o stečenim znanjima o ljudskim pravima i njihovoj implementaciji u profesionalnoj praksi socijalnog rada

Author(s): Sanela Bašić,Sanela Šadić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1-2/2023

International discourse on social work over the last three decades has been decisively shaped by the concept of human rights, as shown by the growing number of academic theoretical and empirical discussions on this topic. The aim of this paper is to present research results concerning the adoption of basic ideas related to human rights and their implementation in the education of social workers in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research was conducted on a sample of 291 social work students across three universities: Sarajevo, Banja Luka and Mostar. The research was conducted using four verified scales by McPherson & Abell (2012) measuring students’ awareness of human rights topics, their perception of social work as a human rights profession and the application of professional methods in their implementation. Research results show that students have adopted the same professional values and are fully committed to the idea of human rights, regardless of any differences in their study programs or their social environment and historical experience. Scepticism arises due to evident problems in the implementation of human rights provisions in practice. The social reality characterized by poverty, unemployment, deep social inequality and general social insecurity of many citizens and the ethnic divisions are the main reasons for concerns and doubts about the value of the idea of human rights. Although social work students have the most practical experience, especially those in the early years of their studies, they are highly aware of the social reality and the weaknesses in implementation, especially when it comes to the most vulnerable population groups.

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Kolskie Towarzystwo Wspomagania Biednych w świetle protokołów zebrań zarządu w latach dwudziestych XX wieku

Author(s): Ewa Barnaś-Baran / Language(s): Polish Issue: X/2023

The article presents the caring activities of the Kolskie Towarzystwo Wspomagania Biednych in the 1920s. Based on the analysis of the protocols of the meetings of the board of this Society, the establishment and development of the Society, its goals and forms of welfare work are presented. The tasks carried out by the various departments, i.e. the bodies carrying out the accepted aims and tasks between 1921 and 1927, are identified. During the 1920s, a very great effort was made to keep it functioning. From 1927 onwards, it carried the name Catholic Charitable Society in the Circle.

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Consultations in local government as a form of social participation in the Polish legal system

Author(s): Anna Solner / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2022

Contemporary administrative doctrine pays more and more attention to the importance of society in the administration and shaping of public policies, as defined by a participatory administration. This type of administration is most effective in local governments, where it is possible to participate in person or groups or to solve local problems directly. A prerequisite for the implementation of the full involvement of local communities is specific actions of public administration consisting, in particular, of identifying the most important problems faced by its residents, getting to know the preferences of residents as to how to solve these problems, and engaging in solving them. One of the forms of community participation in creating decisions for local government units is social consultations. Public consultations carried out in local government acts are opinion- forming and non- binding. They have a legitimizing significance for the specific shape of decisions made by authorities, as well as strengthen the tasks assigned by self- government authorities to citizens. This article aims to analyze the institution of social consultations in local government as one of the forms of social participation in the Polish legal system and to present their role in administrative decision- making processes.

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ALIMENTAȚIA COPIILOR ÎN ORFELINATELE DIN RSS MOLDOVENEASCĂ (1944–1947)

Author(s): Adrian Dolghi / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2021

In this article, we elucidate the problem of providing food products to orphanages in the Moldavian SSR in the years 1944–1947. The research found that the expansion of the orphanage network in the MSSR in the post-war years was due to the social policy of reducing the number of wandering and orphaned children suffering from hunger. The number of orphanages increased during the famine, and gradually decreased after its overcoming. The controls carried out by the authorities in the field of education and healthcare found serious gaps in the process of providing food to orphanages, irregularities in the management of products and even abuse of staff towards children. These realities aggravated the situation of children in orphanages, who were affected by the difficult family situation, famine and precarious conditions in institutions. Survivors’ testimonies show that most of the orphans who were taken to orphanages were rescued from starvation, and in some cases, when taken by relatives for maintenance, they died. The archive documents, but also the testimonies of the survivors show that the difficult situation of the children in the post-war years, the starvation, the vagrancy, the increase in the number of orphaned children, etc. were a consequence of the totalitarian politics and the irresponsibility of the local authorities.

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Zagospodarowanie przestrzeni osiedli mieszkaniowych w aspekcie możliwości wykorzystania przez seniorów na przykładzie Lubelskiej Spółdzielni Mieszkaniowej

Author(s): Ewa Trzaskowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

Changes taking place in society in terms of age structure, needs and housing preferences mean that space requires constant modernization. A large proportion of elderly people in Poland live in housing estates built between 1960 and 1980. The majority of them do not want to leave them due to the location, transport connections, and also because living in a nursing home in Poland is the last resort. It is worth enabling seniors to stay in these places because their good condition requires maintaining independence. The adaptation of housing estates should include spaces that encourage physical activity to improve fitness or take preventive measures. The areas where the largest percentage of elderly people in Lublin live were selected for the study. The aim of the article is to determine the adaptation of housing estate areas to meet the recreational needs of seniors. The development of public spaces and greenery in housing estates, as well as the mo- dernization processes that were carried out to make the areas more attractive to meet recreational needs, are presented. The standard of development of the studied estates is varied, but each of them has a strong advantage of greenery, allowing contact with nature, and places conducive to social contacts, enabling and encouraging activity.

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