Aktywna polityka społeczna i system wsparcia zawodowego w sektorze społecznym wobec osób z niepełnosprawnością

Author(s): Katarzyna Zielińska-Król / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2017

The rights of persons with disabilities to participate in social life include the right to employment and participation in labor market. In Poland, the law does not fully implemented and restrictions on professional activation are stuck on both the system and on the side of people with disabilities and employers. Currently in the area of activities for disabled persons waived from the medical model which treats people with disabilities as an object interactions institution for the social approach, recognizing their rights and duties on an equal basis with others. The proposed new − active − social policy model, based on civil rights contrasts with the previous one, in which the indexed needs (social) disabled people and pointed the way to satisfy them. The postulate of professional activation of persons with disabilities refers to activities aimed at strengthening labor market and employment opportunities of individuals. Active social policy (APS) is focused on the activities of public incentives for individuals to enter and remain in the labor market through the development of instruments to increase the capacity of employment and reducing demotivating function termination benefits (support conditional).The aim of the article is to present the most important assumptions of the APS in respect of the activities related to the employment of people with disabilities and also analyze support that group in the area of social economy.

Aktywna rehabilitacja formą wsparcia w procesie aktywizacji społecznej osób niepełnosprawnych ruchowo

Author(s): Katarzyna Maria Król / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 60/2017

The appearance of the dysfunction affects in a specific way the functioning of the human, his environment, the relationships with others. A physically disabled person needs skills that allow him/her to regain self-reliance, self-esteem. The activities of many institutions aim at providing equal opportunities, working against all of the many forms of discrimination, social and professional included, against physically disabled/handicapped. However, despite the multiple actions undertaken, the social alienation of the people with various motor dysfunctions can be observed. One of the most interesting initiative that meets the needs and expectations of the handicapped/physically disabled people, especially those after spinal cord injury, is the idea of community/environmental rehabilitation that originated in the United States, and then developed in Sweden as an Active Rehabilitation movement. In Poland, Foundation for Active Rehabilitation (FAR) is an organization that promotes and implements the ideas of an active rehabilitation. It is a non-governmental organization, established on the initiative of “wheelchair users for wheelchair users”. In this paper we present the results of research of the effects of various forms of Active Rehabilitation supporting the process of the social activation of the physically disabled, aiming at their inclusion in the mainstream of social life, and the increase of their independence in life. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of personality model in the Active Rehabilitation.

Alimentacja osób niepełnosprawnych i w podeszłym wieku

Author(s): Jowita Natalia Grochowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2007

Alternative Music Preference and Youth Engagement in Risky Behaviors (Romania)

Author(s): Cosmin Ghețău,Paul Teodor Hărăguş / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2020

The current paper addresses the population of youngsters that listen to music labeled as “alternative”, analyzing a possible link between them and specific risk behaviors such as: drug consumption and self-harm, also taking into consideration aspects of their social life. Even if we assumed that there should be a correlation between our respondents and some risk behaviors, we suspect that this connection is in fact a consequence of the lifestyle they already have, rather than the music they are listening to. In support to our hypothesis, a quantitative study was conducted that addresses 171 respondents, all of them identified as “alternative music” listeners. As expected, the results show that there is indeed a correlation between some of the musical genres analyzed and specific risk behaviors, but we also discover various problems in their social life, suggesting that music is not the only factor behind their behavior.

Ambulant sanctions as an alternative to imprisonment in the European Union

Author(s): Christine M. Graebsch,Sven-Uwe Burkhardt / Language(s): English

The issue of imprisonment vs. alternative penalties has been debated in various European countries during the last decades, and ambulant sanctions have been heavily on the rise. Community sentences and other alternatives to imprisonment are regarded as modern instruments for the rehabilitation of offenders. The objective of the present study is to examine the scope of application of penalties without deprivation of liberty as compared to imprisonment as well as to identify promising practices of alternative criminal sanctioning in Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Spain and Lithuania. As this study covers several European countries, the comparative perspective suggests itself nearly as a matter of course. In this connection, it seems reasonable to describe the existing ambulant sanctions of the different member states involved, taking into account their legal arrangement and their relation within the system of penal sanctions including their relation to the deprivation of liberty. It in addition appears sensible to describe and compare these ambulant sanctions with reference to their contribution to the re-socialisation or rehabilitation of those subjected to them as well as with special attention to the involvement of civil society in their execution. In a further step, promising practices in connection with ambulant sanctions could be highlighted which may be recommended for imitation by other member states. Such an approach proves to be impossible for multiple reasons, though, and it would be inadequate just to make such an attempt. There are exemplary references to ambulant sanctions in Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Lithuania and Spain. This is due to the fact that scientists from these countries have taken part in the realisation of this project but not necessarily because of specific outstanding features of their sanction systems in comparison with other member states.

AMENDMENTS AND COMPLETIONS TO LAW NO. 2017/2003 TO PREVENT AND COMBAT DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Author(s): Corina Dragan / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

The article focuses on the new amendments and additions to the Law No. 217/2003 on the prevention and combating of domestic violence. Within the article I have tried to identify the gaps existing in the current law, but also the pluses and minuses brought by the new law. Since 2003, when the law no.217 entered into force, the authorities had difficulties in its application, all to the detriment of the victims of domestic violence. Statistics in this period were not at all gratifying, and the effects were visible from year to year. The need to change legislation in the field of domestic violence has been increasingly pressing. It is desirable to change procedures, improve working tools, and involve more social actors in protecting victims of domestic violence.

An empirical research in communication management: the case of child adoption services

Author(s): Sefora Marcela Sana / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 31/2014

The empirical study’s purpose was the analysis of marketing communication tools used by nonprofit and public organizations in sustaining the social cause of child adoption, as part of child protection services. The conceptual framework of the study is based on marketing theory of promotional mix and communication techniques applicable to nonprofit and public institutions. Empirical analyses underlines the correspondence between the level of awareness regarding child adoption services, and communication channels different categories of publics are informed through. The statistical methodology that was used in the conducted research was the analysis of principal components, using the statistical program SPSS 21. Database sample is composed of direct beneficiaries: adoptive parents, friends of adopted parents, respondents who knew cases of adoptions, respondents who were informed through mass-media regarding child adoption and respondents who were not informed about child adoption.

An insight regarding economic growth and monetary policy in Romania

Author(s): Valentina Mera,Monica Pop Silaghi / Language(s): English / Issue: Spec/2015

This study introduces some aspects regarding the link between monetary policy and economic growth, through a rule well known in the literature which is named Taylor’s rule and through the concept of sacrifice ratio which encompasses the impact of the cost of disinflation on the economic growth of a country. In this paper, we rely on estimates of the growth of potential GDP of the National Bank of Romania for the period 2003-2006 while for the period 2007-2012 we rely on the estimates reported by the International Monetary Fund. Thus, we carry a deterministic exercise for computing the interest rate on the period 2003-2012 as depicted from the Taylor’s rule and we compare it with the effective monetary policy interest rate used by the National Bank of Romania. In the same time, we calculate the sacrifice ratio for the period 1997-2013 so as to be able to form an opinion regarding the cost of disinflation and its comparison with the typical estimates for larger time spans and for other countries.

An IoT system for healthcare in the smart city

Author(s): Aleksandra Labus,Branka Rodić,Miloš Radenković,Svetlana MITROVIĆ,Tamara Naumović / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/2022

Urban lifestyle, stressful work, a large number of daily obligations significantly affect the occurrence of stress. If stress reduction is not addressed, adverse effects on human health may occur. This paper proposes a model of smart healthcare service based on the Internet of Things. The main goal is to develop an IoT system that will enable real time monitoring of citizens’ stress in a smart city, during their everyday lives. Users of this system can monitor stress level and receive notifications and recommendation how to low down stress via their mobile phones. Depending of the detected stress level, users of the proposed system can be provided with relaxation materials in the form of short relaxing video or audio contents. After the stress level is normalized, the user receives a notification and can continue with normal activities. Unlike well-known solutions for stress management, this solution is wearable and can provide biofeedback to both, users and therapist or healthcare workers. The proposed IoT system is developed using intelligent devices such as mobile phones, Raspberry Pi microcomputer, Arduino microcontroller, and sensors for monitoring heart rate and skin conductivity. As a support for monitoring stress level a responsive web application is developed. All the measured data are stored in the cloud. Based on obtained and analyzed data, users can manage the stress level and prevent disease. The obtained results could serve as a good basis for adoption and implementation of stress management as a smart city service.

Analiza Czarnych Protestów jako przestrzeń dla pracy socjalnej. Masowa mobilizacja kobiet z perspektywy feministycznej pracy socjalnej

Author(s): Radosław Nawojski,Magdalena Pluta / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2018

The aim of the article is to look at the social mobilization of women in the Black Protests, which have been going on in Poland since 2016, as a space where women’s problems were articulated. The analysis of movement from the perspective of feminist social work makes it possible to capture experiences that interweave individual problems and structural limitations on many levels of social life: citizenship, law, labour market or health.

Analiza percepției cu privire la planurile tranzitorii la tinerii din centrele de plasament și rezidențiale la nivel național

Author(s): Vișinel Costel Bălan / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2021

This paper is based on a research on transitional mechanisms/plans in which young people under the special protection measure in placement and residential centres at national level participated. The author also presents an empirical analysis of the experiences in placement and residential centres at national level. Young people's perception of leaving care is not only presented from a quantitative evidence, but also from a qualitative perspective through direct interaction with young people and decision makers. At the same time, the paper presents an analysis of the future generations of young people under special protection in foster and residential care who will leave the system in the upcoming years, and how prepared they feel for a new stage of life, that of being independent. Interviews, observation and questionnaires were used as methods of investigation, and in terms of research method, a quantitative research is at the basis of the paper, which is focused on the perception of young people after the revocation of the special protection measure.

Analiza položaja osoba sa intelektualnim teškoćama u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Katarina Marjanović / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 16/2020

Demokracija i ljudska prava su utemeljeni na načelu kako je pravo na život svakog čovjeka neotuđivo i nepovredivo, te kako su sve osobe rođene jednake i imaju neotuđiva prava, kao što su pravo na život, slobodu i pravo na sreću. Osobe sa invaliditetom imaju apsolutno pravo i odgovornost u potpunosti i jednako sudjelovati u društvu i poboljšati kvalitetu svoga života onako kako oni to odaberu. Vlade, privatni sektor, nevladine organizacije i svi pojedinci trebaju sudjelovati u realiziranju obećanja utkanih u temeljna načela demokracije, jednakosti i ljudskih prava - kako bi se svim osobama sa invaliditetom omogućio neovisan život, produktivnost i uključenost u sve oblike privatnog i javnog života.

Analiza porównawcza sytuacji mieszkaniowej w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Weronika Wójciaczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 03/2016

The goal of this article was to verify whether housing policies influence the existing housing situation in a given country. To that end, the housing situation in selected EU countries is presented and compared. The housing policies that were and are in force in these countries are described. The goal stems from the belief that some programmes and government measures are more effective in solving housing problems. The countries chosen are very different in terms of their approach to housing policies, showing the full spectrum of possible approaches – from supporting the rental segment in Germany, to the preferences for private property in Spain. The first part of the article presents housing policies in selected EU countries using the available literature on the topic. To compare the housing situation in the various countries, it was necessary to apply quantitative and qualitative indicators, which were designed using existing statistical data. As a result of the analysis, it was possible to confirm the impact of the housing policies on the housing situation in the selected countries.

Analiza socijalne politike za praksu / u praksi – studija slučaja Srbije

Author(s): Natalija D. Perišić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2017

(Re)newed emphasis on policy analysis worldwide has had its implications in Serbia, especially potentiated by unfinished transition of its social policy. Theoretical perspectives on policy analysis and their adaptations differ among the countries, however, certain common elements of the policy analysis logic can be found. Also, a description of the activities of a policy analyst can be agreed upon, to serve as guidance, for the purpose of its comparing with the actual social policy analysis practice. The experience in social policy analysis in Serbia is presented within the historical context.

Analysis Models of Pupil Class Collectives Focused on Efficiency of the Educational Process

Author(s): Oana Mariana Ciuchi / Language(s): English / Issue: 71/2020

The paper presents four models, references for analysis, and approaches of the most important social micro-groups in an educational unit, i.e. the groups of pupils’ classes. The micro-research carried out, consisting in the application of a questionnaire with closed and open questions applied on a group of 711 teachers in Romanian pre-university education, identifies the socio-psychological and socio-pedagogical model as the most effective models for approaching the pupil class and the pandemic period that everyone went through as the determining cause of some changes of approach of the social actors of the Romanian pre-university education system. In order to increase the efficiency of the educational process, it is recommended to digitize it by increasing connectivity in schools, the digital literacy of pupils, the training and development of digital skills among teachers, according to the priorities set by the European Commission for the next period.

Analysis of Epidemiological and Health-Economic Indicators in Case of Children Ocular Trauma

Author(s): Laurentiu Stupariu,Ionela Maniu,George Constantin Maniu / Language(s): English / Issue: 15/2017

Analysis of epidemiological and health-economic indicators on ocular trauma involving children is important for developing targeted managerial, medical and educational strategies of health care providers and patients in order to reduce incidence and severity of pediatric ocular trauma. We analysed data collected from 29 children with ocular trauma from Emergency Hospital of Sibiu, between 2008-2016. For this children with closed globe injury it took an average of 7 days of hospitalization (IQR: (5; 9.5)), with a cost per day of hospitalization on average of 127 RON (IQR: (103; 136)), respectively a total hospitalization cost on average 856 RON (IQR: (529; 998)), with no significant gender or area differences. It took a slightly larger number of hospitalization days in the following situations: (1) in the case of mixed trauma compared to lamellar lacerations or contusions; (2) if the affected area was zone III compared to the other two areas (zone I and zone II); (3) where the visual acuity at admission was less than 1/6(0.16) compared to cases with visual acuity greater than 1/6(0.16); (4) in patients with hypertension at admission compared to those with normal tension or hypotension.

ANALYSIS OF SOCIO–ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF SENIORS IN SLOVAKIA

Author(s): Peter HASA / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2018

Aim: The article deals with aging of populations, respectively. the quality of life of seniors, with an emphasis on its socio-economic level, retirement and the pension security system. Describes social services and health care for seniors in Slovakia, including institutional care. It characterizes the old age, concepts such as population aging, quality of life, ageism, and other. Scope: To analyze and compare the resulting socio-economic dimensions of the quality of life of seniors living in the home environment and the quality of life of seniors who are clients of social services facilities. Another goal is to measure the age-old experience of seniors' experiences, and compare this depending this whether seniors are or are not a social service provider. Methods: A questionnaire method was used, the research had the character of a quantitative analysis. The research sample was slovak seniors aged 62 years and older. The number of respondents was 224, of which 95 (42.4%) in institutional (residential) care and 129 (57,6%) respondents living in an own home environment. Conclusion: Personal experience with age discrimination reported almost half of the respondents (46.9% of all respondents). More experience with these negative phenomena have seniors who are clients of the institutional facilities (56.8%).

Analysis of the Areas of Social Discrimination in the Romani de Huelva Community

Author(s): Pilar Blanco Miguel,Yolanda Borrego Ales / Language(s): English / Issue: 75/2021

Although in recent years a whole series of measures and programmes have been carried out with the aim of having an impact on the situations of discrimination and racism in which the Romani population is immersed, the results obtained allow us to surmise that, although there has been some progress, the situation has not entirely changed. A stereotyped view of the Romani population still exists in some parts of Spanish society, meaning that this community continues to be immersed in a profound process of social exclusion. Objectives of research are to demonstrate whether there are situations of discrimination in the Huelva Roma population, as well as to know the areas in which these acts of discrimination are carried out. A qualitative method was chosen. The technique used was an in-depth interview, to allow us to understand the perspective of the professionals who work with this group. In general, we have seen how situations of discrimination against the Romani population persist. These situations extend to different spheres of life, and whose factors respond to a multiplicity of causes. There is a need for significant, long-lasting change. This means it is necessary both to change the processes of social intervention and to involve the Romani community itself, as without their collaboration and legitimacy any intervention will lack future perspective.

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT AND EFFECTIVENESS OF SUPPORT MEASURES AND INTERVENTIONS ON PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

Author(s): Oana Banu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2018

Social inclusion of people with disabilities is an essential prerequisite of human rights. In the current context, according to data, the social welfare system faces an increasing number of people with disabilities. The social services for these beneficiaries cover a relatively small fraction of their needs. The main type of support for this vulnerable group is in-cash social benefits, while other social inclusion measures are occupying a marginal place in practice. The accent on granting in-cash social benefits to the detriment of social reintegration programs leads to an increased dependency of disabled persons to the welfare system. Although it is considered that the situation of people with disabilities has improved since 2000, several problems occur as a lack of financial and human resources, as well as to the difficulty of setting up a coherent support system for people with disabilities. Disability is not a simple attribute of an individual, but rather a cumulative addition of various conditions created by the social environment. The management of disability requires social action and it must become the common responsibility of the whole community/ society in the sense of producing necessary environmental/ attitudinal changes to facilitate participation of persons with disabilities in all the spheres of social life.

Analysis of the Relationship between the Size and Structure of Public Expenditure and Socio-economic Development

Author(s): Beáta Mikušová Meričková,Juraj Nemec,Mária Murray Svidroňová,Viliam Pischko / Language(s): English / Issue: 04/2017

The relation between the levels of public expenditure and their impact on economic growth and socio-economic development is long-term issue investigated by the public finance theory. Relevant answers to it are also of great importance for economic practice. The aim of the present study is to analyse the relation between the levels and structures of public expenditures and the Human Development Index. The study uses the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to identify countries that effectively use public spending to achieve the highest socio-economic development of society. The findings indicate that the total amount of public expenditure does not have significant impact on the socio-economic development; however public expenditures in “productive” sectors of public services (especially education, health and social services) have the potential of positive impact on the socio-economic development.