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Соціальна робота з жінками із сільської місцевості, які зазнали насилля: до питання підготовки фахівців

Author(s): Oksana Kravchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 29/2020

An article devoted to the issue of social work with women from rural areas that were violent, as well as coverage of approaches to training specialists providing social services to this category of population. It is established that gender policy is based not only on international normative legal acts ratified by Ukraine, but also regulated by national legal acts on equality between women and men. An important area of gender policy is the provision of equal rights and opportunities for women from rural areas, including the realization of their human rights. At the same time, women in rural areas are more vulnerable to gender-based violence than women living in cities that require a specially designed program for their social and psychological rehabilitation. As a result of the clarification of the content and focus of social work with women, the study of the regional experience of social services with women, the disclosure of the specifics of the training of future social workers to work with this category of citizens, recommendations for improving the quality of social services for women victims of domestic violence have been developed.

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Соціокультурна сфера сільських територій у контексті сталого розвитку

Author(s): Oleksander Oleksandrovich Shevchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2019

The purpose of the article is to study the problems of the socio-cultural sphere of rural areas in the context of sustainable development. The methodology of the research is based on the use of historical-comparative approach and critical analysis of theoretical and practical data in identifying problems of the socio-cultural sphere. The scientific novelty is to indicate the state of the socio-cultural sphere in the countryside as an integral indicator of sustainable development of Ukraine. Conclusions. The state of the socio-cultural sphere reflects the state of the triad of sustainable development (economy-man-nature) as a whole and at a time when there will be significant improvements in the analysis of the state of this sphere, then it can safely be said that sustainable development goes to a level of growth. Since, in the study of the socio-cultural sphere as a whole, it is not always possible to see the situation in the context of the proposed study of this sphere on its indicators in rural areas, that is, use the state of the socio-cultural sphere of rural areas as an integral indicator of sustainable development.

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Соціокультурні аспекти архітектурних трансформацій житлового середовища

Author(s): Kateryna Maistrenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 34/2015

The article is devoted to the modern directions of cultural and sociological researches in Architecture for designing the individual housing. The relevance of the topic determined the growing influence of social structure of the population to criteria forming of comfortable living environment and architectural transformation, and which the author examines depending on lifestyle social groups in Urbanism. Highly important questions of sociological research for forming social order while projecting objects of architecture and architectural environment in general are raised nowadays. Scientific novelty of the research is to show the appropriate influence of urbanism and social structure of population on forming architectural environment and elaboration of methodological base for projecting modern residential space. The significant impact of socio-cultural and functional factors in-process of architectural design taking into current approaches in Post-modern architecture are indicated. Analyzing methodology of sociological research in architecture, it is necessary to take into consideration interaction of three correlated disciplines: Architecture, Sociology and History of culture. Sociology and history of culture are characterized by organic unity. As founders of sociology stated, the unity of history and sociology is in concrete historical facts without those it is impossible to realize the process of the development of the objects of sociological research. For defining architectural tasks, it is necessary to use theoretical level of sociological research that gives the opportunity to examine wide spectrum of social-architectural problems and direct project search for its strategic solution. Results of sociological method implementation are realization of socio-cultural matter of architectural object. One of the most important components in sociological approach is social function. From the point of view of sociology, social function exists in the base of social interpretation process. In architecture, social function is basic for architectural object defining its social matter and definite conditions of existence. Main social functions influencing architecture are protective, limited, regulative, socio-communicative, aesthetic, educational-training, ideological, outlook. Social functions of architecture are correlated closely and cover all spectrums of person feelings and outlooks. Analysis of social functions favors realization of interaction between architecture and person (society) on different communicative levels. Definition of social functions during sociological analysis gives the opportunity to concretize the role of architectural object in definite society during definite period. Dynamic internal social changes were typical straightly to the architecture itself (form building of architectural objects). Changes in traditional forms of architectural objects are influenced by changes in social structure of population (due to the economic development of society). New forms of architectural objects depend on economic and political dynamics of society progress and its social status. This classification of social structure gives more possibilities for analysis of definite social demands (standards, needs) and their influences on any architectural object according to its functional destination. For providing social research of architecture, it is necessary to underline great influence of socio-cultural environment. The use of social certification in the study of the above-mentioned questions gives realization what society does the architectural object under analysis belong to. Next classification of society divides it to micro- and macrosociology: from small groups of people to society as a whole. Macro-sociological analysis includes problems of significant social changes. Image and form of architectural objects are changed under the influence of socio-cultural factors during definite period. For providing research of social influence on architecture with the help of micro-sociological analysis, we need to consider the influence of cultural and religious factors. Micro-sociological analysis studies the problem of individual, problems of social interaction inside small groups of people and separate individuals. Under the given analysis, in the history of architecture questions of interaction between architect, customer and participants in the constructing process and their influence on the result of architectural decision of the object are examined. While providing sociological research processes of macro-sociology and micro-sociology interact and flow from one to another. Sociological research in architecture gives the opportunity to consider questions about peculiarities of formation definite architectural object and its character in definite social environment. Provided analysis allows making the following conclusion: 1) sociology of architecture is objective necessity, important condition of projecting architectural environment in the process of socio-cultural dynamics and technological development of society; 2) the use of sociological research in architecture allows understanding architectural environment of past and modern time and define perspective directions of the development through the realization of principles of interaction of person consciousness and architectural environment. This gives the opportunity to use previous experience for designing new strategic approaches in the process of architectural projecting the environment that will be in conformity of new social standards of «the society of future»

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СОЦІОЛОГІЯ МІСТА: ВІДПОВІДІ НА ВИКЛИКИ СУЧАСНОСТІ

Author(s): Svitlana Vyktorivna Kutsepal / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4/2018

Problem setting. In modern society, there is a constant increase in the proportion of the urban population and, respectively, there are changes in the demographic structure of the society. In modern sociological discourse, the city is interpreted as a kind of chronotope with specific characteristics and attributes reflected on the conditions of human life and contributing to the formation of specific urban mentality. The problem of developing new patterns of behavior that will provide comfortable and maximally possible conflict-free city dwellers ’ coexistence and a new type of urban identity - Homo Urbanus - is emerging.Recent research and publications analysis. The problems of the city, interpretation of the latter as a social space and city dwellers as a specific social force is researched in works by A. Badiou, Z. Bauman, W. Benjamin, J. Baudrillard, L. Beck, P. Berger, E. Giddens, E. Laclau, H. Lefebvre, T. Luckmann, C. Mouffe, A. Schlesinger and others.Among domestic researchers, it is necessary to mention T. Vozniak, M. Karpovets, M. Prepotenska, D. Rizhkova, N. Hamitov and others.Paper objective. The paper is aimed at analyzing the specific features and characteristics of being of a modern city, its influence on the formation of its dwellers’ ideological orientations and behavioural patterns.Paper main body.The rapid development of cities, in particular, megalopolises, is a consequence of the transformational processes taking place in the modern world. Life in the city, especially in the big city (megalopolis, metropolis, agglomeration) is characterized by speed, mobility; it demands from its residents the ability to react to changing circumstances instantly, conquer their own selfish interests and needs by the rules of coexistence in the topos of a large city, adapt to the urban way of life.Along with virtually unlimited opportunities for personal and social growth, there are also dangers and troubles awaiting for city dwellers such as loneliness, social insecurity and disorientation, property and household differentiation, emotional, psychological and informational violence. These increase the risk of loss of the existential meaning of being and development of city dwellers ’ depression and suicidal attitudes, as their personality is not generally perceived by others, enthralled by problems of their own survival and comfort.The city is a topos for the development ofnew types of identity depending on the social origin and position of the city dwellers, their social roles and the environment. This is reflected in the concept of Homo Urbanus (urban man) as a new type of urban identity.Conclusions of the research. The city creates favourable conditions for personal and cultural development, social growth, realization of the individual’s potential opportunities; it provides satisfaction of its dwellers’ communicative, heuristic and career needs.In modern changing and flowing world, the city cannot remain stable. The city is also constantly changing and transforming, so the traditional types of identity, which were previously influenced by demographic, social, professional traits, are losing their meaning, becoming fluid and mobile, giving way to Homo Urbanus.

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Спектакълът на изисканото хранене заедно. Нови форми на празничност в София и преобръщане на употребите на публичното пространство

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Спектакълът на изисканото хранене заедно. Нови форми на празничност в София и преобръщане на употребите на публичното пространство

Author(s): Velislava Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

The article focuses on two forms of appropriation of the urban space by new forms of festivity organized around food consumption. Although the new forms intervene with public space and use its ideology, these practices rather question the general access to it. Usually, they are organized as private events but following the logic of new capitalism, they insist on a higher, often non-commercial, purpose that adds value to the experience. This may be the demonstrative struggle against wastefulness or aestheticization of food consumption in the public space as a form of creating experiences. The new media play a key role in the experiencing and producing of these events: from their disclosure and access to the organization of their visual identity.

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Сравнителна характеристика на личностната готовност за обучение в училище на деца, възпитавани в условията на обществените образователни учреждения и семейството

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Сравнителна характеристика на личностната готовност за обучение в училище на деца, възпитавани в условията на обществените образователни учреждения и семейството

Author(s): Galina Tolkacheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

The article reveals the structure and content of the readiness of preschool age children to school education, comparative results about the level of formation of self-concept, the emotional attitude towards education, the inner attitude of a schoolchild in first grade students, which have attended preschool educational institutions, and which have not are presented.

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Срби из Угарске - добротвори и чланови патроната Српског привредног друштва Привредник Srbi iz Ugarske - dobrotvori i članovi patronata Srpskog privrednog društva privrednik

Author(s): Petar V. Krestić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 52/2005

In the course of Serbian history, the institution of endowment has established itself as a national feature, like the slava or badnjak. It has a centurylong tradition. Its beginnings date from the early years of the Serbian state, as the foundations of the Nemanjic dynasty testify. Among the founders of mediaeval churches were not only Serbian rulers, but also members of the nobility and ecclesiastical dignitaries. This type of activity, involving various foundations, donations and endowments, reached a peak in the period of the fully developed urban society, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, and it was of great importance for the Serbian people. The paper outlines the biographies of several outstanding Serbs from Hungary, who distinguished themselves as great benefactors of the Serbian Society for Economic Development Privrednik and as important workers for the independence, strengthening and promotion of Serbian economy.

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СТАЊЕ И ПРЕСПЕКТИВЕ РУРАЛНОГ ПРЕДУЗЕТНИШТВА

Author(s): Miodrag Lukić / Language(s): Bosnian,Serbian Issue: 2/2017

Priority tasks of reducing unemployment and poverty are set in the development strategy of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the next ten years, it can be assumed that the revitalisation of rural areas would indeed help to significantly reduce these problems and positively reverse the future economic trends. Policy of reliance on agriculture and rural economy as a whole should be not only in a function of survival in the present, but also of the permanent commitment of our country and the economic development policy based on decentralisation and harmonious economic development.Our clear commitment to approximation to the European Union, precisely in the rural sector, entails major changes, radical restructuring, which will surely seek large investments as well, significant enlargement of agricultural holdings, technological and infrastructural reconstruction, different education and permanent training, i.e. a significant change of the way of life in the rural area and changing people's mentality. By such a policy, the life would return to the rural area. The state should support this new development concept, initially to be the financier as well, so as to ensure the necessary initial resources, but also to take care of the balanced and harmonious development of the country as a whole.

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Стварне и симболичке историјско-географске одлике Булевара краља Александра: студија случаја сече платана

Author(s): Nataša Simenunović-Bajić,Aleksandra Majdarević / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The longest street in Belgrade (7.5 km) that stretches from downtown, from Nikola Pasic Square to the road that leads to Veliki Mokri Lug, through four Belgrade municipalities, has changed its name several times. It was called Roman Via Militaris, then Constantinople road, Alley at the golden cannon, Marko’s Street, Fiseklija, King Aleksandar Obrenovic Street, Boulevard of the Liberation, Boulevard of the Revolution and King Aleksandar Boulevard. Name Boulevard of the Revolution was changed in 2002 to King Aleksandar Boulevard, but these days people have still used the old name (attached through film representation of life in this street in the end of the 20th century) or a shortened Boulevard. It’s quite difficult for people to get used to the new name. Historical and geographical characteristics are relating to the identity of the boulevard before the World War II, after the World War II, during the 90’s of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. Except identifying and explaining the main historical and geographical characteristics, objective of the study is to reach deeper into symbolism of meaning of the famous boulevard identity. To achieve this, we chose case study of plane trees cutting in 2010. The importance of public space, collective memory, belonging to the urban environment and public media discourse are going to be analysed in a variety of qualitative methods.

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СТЕННЫЕ ГАЗЕТЫ КАК ЗНАЧИМЫЙ КОМПОНЕНТ СИСТЕМЫ МОЛОДЁЖНОЙ ПЕЧАТИ УДМУРТИИ В 30-Е ГОДЫ ХХ ВЕКА

Author(s): Galina Ivanovna Starkova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2013

This article is the first attempt to study the process of functioning of wall newspapers within the system of youth press in Udmurtia in the1930s. The work considers factory, city, collective farm, rural, students, Komsomol, pioneer and school wall newspapers as a type of immediate and accessible regional press for young audience. The importance of wall newspapers for upbringing, education, organization and socialization of the younger generation in regional conditions is shown.

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Странкиње - „Српске снахе“ у 19. и почетком 20. века

Author(s): Aleksandra Vuletić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 51/2004

Due to poor social mobility, in the 19th and early 20th century, in Serbia matrimonial bonds were as a rule forged with persons from the immediate milieu. In Serbian rural society establishing matrimonial bonds with persons of a different language, culture and religion was considered socially unacceptable. The few foreign ladies who had come to Serbia having married Serbs were primarily the wives of young men who had studied abroad. They would be socially accepted when they demonstrated a desire and readiness to adapt to the new milieu, adopting its language, habits and customs. Serbian society was disinterested in their potential role as vectors of ideas and of the way of life typical of their original communities and regarded all such attempts with suspicion. Apart from that, the number of foreign ladies who lived in Serbia was too small for them to be actually able to exert any significant influence on social life. Only few of them had consciously opted to work to bring two cultures closer together and familiarized with one another. Although the small circle of the educated public emphasized the importance of such work, Serbian society was still not able to grasp the importance of mediation between different cultures, and thereby not able to make use of the links that foreign women in Serbia were maintaining with their original communities either.

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Стратегии номинации и «языковая политика»: названия жителей городов

Author(s): Mariya Vyacheslavovna Akhmetova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2016

The article studies two cases illustrating the attempts to regulate the use of names of town-dwellers in the late 20th — the early 21st centuries. Both cases are about the introduction of the least popular variants in two towns (“tveritiane” in Tver and “tambovtsy” in Tambov. Tver’s experience was more successful since it was initiated by local linguists; the name, proposed by them, is widely used in almost a half of the local media (though other variants are more popular in the local usage). In Tambov, the editor of the local newspaper published a program editorial, and the first mayor sanctioned the establishment of a billboard with a slogan “Tambovtsy, love your town” in the town center. But this name wasn’t so popular in the local newspapers, and it’s become marginal by now.

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СТРАТЕГИИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ТУРИСТИЧЕСКОГО ОПЫТА В МАЛОМ ГОРОДЕ: ЛОКАЛЬНОЕ СООБЩЕСТВО И СИМВОЛИЧЕСКОЕ КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЕ В ГОРОДЕ МЫШКИН

Author(s): Greg Yudin,Y. Koloshenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2014

This paper considers the role of local community in the development of tourist industry in small towns. What is the function of the local community in city brands construction and creation of museums and other tourist attractions? What is the influence of such innovations on the social life of a small city? The authors analyze the case of successful development of tourism in the city of Myshkin and discern several strategies of tourist experience production adopted by the local officials and activists. Special attention is paid to the role of the local community in implementation of these strategies by the political leaders and to the tactics of presentation of this community. The combination of different strategies creates spatial, symbolic and economic conditions favorable for the development of tourism, but at the same time entails ambiguous consequences for the local community.

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Структура на конфликта в случая Бедечка. Физически и когнитивни измерения на социалната мрежа

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Структура на конфликта в случая Бедечка. Физически и когнитивни измерения на социалната мрежа

Author(s): Denitsa Shishkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

The “Bedechka caseˮ is a manifestation of a systemic problem as a result of the changes related to the political transformation in Bulgaria after 1989, creating preconditions for the emergence of irregularities related to the regulation of processes and presents a conflict topic in the context of coexistence in the city. The park as an urban topos is a socially constructed space, which is the result of an agreement between the citizens and the government. The aim of the research is to present its genesis and to study the possibilities for solving the case.

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Структурне промене сетвених површина у руралном простору региона Београда

Author(s): Mikica Sibinović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2012

Socio-economic development of the Belgrade region significantly affects the direction of the change of planting areas use. The increase in urban areas has adversely affected the direction of agricultural land use. Dynamics of change is significantly due to high production costs (high land prices and expensive labor force) gives rise to the high price of the product on the market, there is a constant "pressure" of urban areas to arable land, increasing the risk of "loss" of agricultural holdings; increased environmental pollution due to the concentration of industrial plants or road construction. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of structural changes in sowing area in the period from 1991 to 2011. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 176017]

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Субкултурата на бегачите на дълги разстояния

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Субкултурата на бегачите на дълги разстояния

Author(s): Boryana Angelova-Igova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2019

Ultramarathons are very popular among active citizens in Bulgaria, and this popularity cannot be understood as just fashion. I believe that there is a deeper social cause behind this phenomenon, namely the presence of a subculture. The present study aims to describe the significance of this subculture, and how it is functioning in Bulgaria in the XXI century. Of particular interest is the way in which the subculture occurs, the values and worldviews of the participants as well as their class belonging. This subculture is a micromodel in which we can see more clearly social changes and attitudes in the dominant culture. I have paid special attention to gender relations within the group, with the idea of finding out whether it exhibits the same sexist attitudes toward women that are observed in the dominant culture of contemporaryBulgaria.

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СУДЬБЫ БЫВШИХ

Author(s): Aleksandr Evgenievich Levintov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3-4/2016

В отечественных учебниках географии принято ограничиваться такими градообразующими факторами, как промышленность, транспорт, торговля, курортные ресурсы, оборона, высшее (уни- верситетское) образование и наука, культурные и духовные ценности. В известной степени это действительно так, однако, по моему мнению, важнейшим фактором является административный. Россия никогда не была страной в строгом смысле этого понятия. Рос- сия — это государство. А потому административный, чиновничий, властный фактор во все времена был определяющим. Статус города во многом определяет и его судьбу, и людность, и благоустрой- ство, и размеры хинтерланда, и насыщенность социокультурной инфраструктуры, и архитектур- ный облик.

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Суседско право: појам, карактеристике, и однос према стварним службеностима

Author(s): Katarina Dolović Bojić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2012

Neighbour right, the real right to another’s property on one hand, and limitation of property right in an private interest, on the other, is not regulated in a lawfully positive manner. Given the importance of this right which increasingly loses the characteristic of “rural“ law and which will, considering its contents and nature, gain in importance with the economic development of the society that makes it necessary to regulate the neighbouring relations emerging from the basis of an overall development, especially in the cities, there is a need that this right should be legally regulated in detail in the Republic of Serbia too. Neighbour right is today regulated in all modern civil codes. In addition to the legal regulation of the neighbour right, there is a need that it should be clearly demarcated as regards the real servitude.

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Сучасні методи використання ландшафтного дизайну в міському середовищі

Author(s): Nataliya But / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2010

In the article the new direction of science, industry practice, which was formed in the depths of knowledge areas that are already developed and the theoretical and empirical foundation - namely, at the junction of several sciences. Landscape design - an independent field of art that has a specific subject and object.

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Сучасні проблеми в організації предметно – просторового середовища на прикладі реорганізованих просторів Харкова

Author(s): Yuriy Sosnitskiy / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 35/2015

The article clarified and supplemented evaluation of the environment city criteria forming, taking into account by environmental factors. The basic principles are composition, environmental, human scale development, functionality, design integrity. Today the city modern intensive developing of countries requires systematic relationship. Many functional areas are introducing into the urban space in a chaotic manner on a "scratch", which may design new engineering structures and communications. Consequently, finding new trade and spatial zones in the historical environment of the city, or a new recreation area, along with the projected industrial spaces are uncommon. Such artificially take root zones disrupt previously established urban environment. Only solution of this problem is the development of comprehensive environment. Those structures are dominant ways of space communications. There are clearly prevailing approaches and principles of environment formation against the backdrop of aesthetically disorganized space. This raises the question of groups in developing principles and innovative solutions that would find semantic relationship between different functional spaces, combining them and providing key role of urban environment design and object-spatial design. Therefore, the role of urban design, against architectural and engineering innovations, will be paramount. In this study it is considered the concept recreational areas as part of the urban park environment and recreation area at the first place as a landscape object. Modelling of environment recreational area is the use of modern technologies and materials, focused primarily on the needs of young people (presence of placards, access points to information systems, intuitive and stylish object environment design). The author analyzes places that were reorganizing in Kharkiv. It revealed a number of problems in the conceptual approaches of the recreational areas dominant organization in the city. Revealed that the Constitution Square space is using inefficiently without it recreational functions. The inadequate organization of spatial environment gives a historically formed concept of city space. The analysis of territory dedicated to the showed principles that the main unresolved problem is still an inadequate organization of environment area. The space requires universal objects of eco design for different categories of people. The analysis of the stadium Metalist in Kharkiv showed that the area was not equipped with full facilities of urban design. There is no communication with the surrounding areas and the presence of functional hierarchy. It is established that this territory is using inefficiently. The stadium is completely disorganized space in the absence of well-established environment that would meet modern requirements forming areas of entertainment facilities. The analysis of park of culture and rest` environmental objects showed that this space was the best example between Kharkiv reconstructed areas and based on all these ecological principles. Clearly the organized environment is an existing system of plates and signs posted throughout the park, enrichment of landscape, urban manufacturing equipment items. The complete organization of subject-object spatial environment creates a fully functional environment for different population groups in terms of versatility. The findings, which were obtaining from the analysis can be the basis for further study of the topic and identify innovative conceptual approaches in shaping environmental design. Using of the basic research results will optimize the method of design – design of modern environmental objects.

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