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Istota i determinanty rozwoju lokalnego

Author(s): Paweł Jóźwiakowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2016

The purpose of this article is to present a definition of development in the local view. The first section relates to the concept of locality and economic development and there were presented the main skills of local`s development. In the second part of that report there were local development`s attempts. In the next part there was described the role of local authorities and there was presented the social capital`s importance. The article is ended short resume.

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Demographic vitality and human resources as important factors for rural areas development

Author(s): Barbara Lampič,Irma Potočnik Slavič / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2007

The heterogeneity and huge regional diversity as key determinant of Slovenian rural areas have not been considered enough in the case of regional development directing. Extensive and multilane questionnaire of case study areas (the survey included 10 selected problem areas) pointed out the most evident development problems and future development opportunities. The latest ought to be respected with the planning and guidance of endogenous regional development. The demographic potential as the basis condition for “realistic planning” is upgraded with the de facto household vitality (i.e. demographic vitality), which enables the most reliable demographic structure review. Various forms of demographic vitality significantly determine the approaches and measures for regional development stimulation. The mentioned are successful only with the simultaneous identification of endogenous resources, stimulation of social capital and human resources as key factors of endogenous development as a whole.

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Обнова села у просторним плановима општина – пример ППО Суботица

Author(s): Velimir Šećerov,Bogdan Lukić,Aleksandar Đorđević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2007

Spatial plans of communities, returned to legal framework in 2003 and imposed as obligation for all local communities in Serbia, present a strategic document for development, organization and protection of the whole territory of the community. The base for integral observation and treatment of the urban and rural settlements, within the local administrative area, has been set thereby. The current function of villages has been significantly changed regarding traditional organization and the essential role, that they used to have in the past. First of all, it is a consequence of an intensive deagrarization and industrialization/ urbanization, as a result of official (state) strategy in the middle of the 20th century. As a rule, these processes were painful for villages, leaving them depopulized, with varied age structure of the population and with new relation to agriculture, which led to economic stagnation, social fallow and unclear development perspectives as a consequence. The reconstruction of these areas is, therefore, of enormous interest for development of the whole territory of a community, as well as even intra-communal and broader, intra-regional and intra-national development.

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Промене броја укупног и пољопривредног цтановништва у насељима општине Бољевац

Author(s): Sanja Pavlović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2007

In this work are analysed changes of total number of population and agricultural population in community Boljevac, using statistical datas of registers from 1948 to 2002. In tabulars are references of registers from 1961 to 2002. The changes in total number of population are represented with absolute amounts, index of growth (degradation), number and dimension of settlements according to number of population, hypsometric disposition of settlements and population in community Boljevac. The changes in number of agricultural population are analised with participation of agricultural population and total number of population and relation between agricultural population and active agricultural population. It is noticabled negative demographic trends, qualified with decrease of natural accession and emigrations. Depopulation, by the register 2002, characterises all the settlements in community Boljevac. Importance which community centre had decrease, qualifying negative results and impossibility of population restitution.

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Промене броја становника, густине насељености и домаћинстава у насељима планине Гоч

Author(s): Tamara Kovačević,Milka Bubalo-Živković,Saša Kicošev / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2007

Bad quality of infrastructure and slow economic development, which is damaged by emigration, made bad influence on the number of inhabitants of the Goc Mountain. According depopulation, population density was reduced too. Tendencies in the changes of number of households and tendencies in the changes of number of population are different. Disappearing of patriarchal family is the evident on the Goc Mountain. Verification of that fact is in the decreasing in number of members in the households. Regional road (R-222) was built in 1939. It was set up through Stanisinci. Because of that, life quality in village Stanisinci was better than Goc. It was the good solution for slowdown of emigration and decreasing of population number in the second half of XX century. Precondition for development promotion of the Goc Mountain is in work on infrastructure quality. Municipality of Vrnjacka Banja plans to use tourism industry for revitalization of settlements on the Goc Mountain.

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Традиционално сеоско неимарство у културном пејзажу Мачве, Посавине и Поцерине

Author(s): Ljiljana Grčić,Mirko Grčić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2007

Cultural landscape of Macva, Pocerina and Posavina (western parts of Serbia) is transforming during the process of village urbanization. Within our sight, valuable and old objects of cultural inheritance are disappearing. Perception of cultural values of these objects, their preservation and protection are the fundament of mental identity as well as tourist development.

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KENTSEL YENİDEN CANLANDIRMA MODELİNDE KÜLTÜR VE SANATIN YERİ

Author(s): Nilüfer Ergin Doğruer,Caner Şengünalp / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 32/2017

In urban areas, physical and social texture damage, which is the result of economic and social factors, can be eliminated by revitalization. Transformation of the space in the axis of culture and art can enable the corrupted areas to participate in life and original practices leading to the living conditions of the inhabitants of the environment can emerge on the initiative of the civil initiatives. Revitalization projects formed by participatory processes that art creates attractive power strengthen not only physical space but also social, economic and environmental conditions by strengthening social relations and sense of belonging. These practices include the revitalization of abandoned industrial structures by cultural arts function, as well as the large recreation areas and parks where art works take place, in the rehabilitation of industrial areas. In the revitalization projects, through the intervention of artists entirely transformation of the space brings together the social texture of the city and the new language of art.

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Characteristics of the population employed in primer sector in Turkey

Author(s): Rüya Bayar,Mutlu Yilmaz / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2006

Activities related to the production of raw material like agriculture, husbandry, forestry, fishery are called as primer activities. Especially people living in rural areas earn their livings on primer activities, mainly agriculture. Rural planning is inevitable for providing rural development which has an important place in all development of a country. And achievement of this planning depends on putting forth the characteristics of the population living in rural areas with its different aspects. Therefore, the requirements will be introduced more clearly and the increase in the welfare levels of the people living in rural areas will have been achieved. To achieve the rural development and progress, in addition to the features like the size of agricultural products, products that are cultivated, activities like husbandry, forestry, hunting, etc. and the qualities of the enterprises in which these activities are carried out, policies applied, capital, market and technology, the characteristics of the population employed in this sector is also of importance. Considerin these points, what is aimed in this study is to put forth the characteristics of the population employed in primer sector in Turkey. According to the census results of the year 2000 in Turkey, 38% of the population is employed, and 48% of this work is in primer sector.

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Чачак и његов дневни урбани систем (I део)

Author(s): Srboljub, Đ. Stamenković,Dragica R. Gatarić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2006

According to its functional capacity and the range of convergent and divergent gravitational influences, Čačak belongs to the group of macroregional centers of Serbia, with spatially and demographically strongly expressed and branchy urban system. In this article, we have analyzed daily convergent and divergent areas of labor force only, while other segments of urban system of Čačak will be treated in our forthcoming articles. Every day 10011 people travel toward Čačak, as well as from the city toward surroundings, to work or study. In the convergent daily gravitation, 8537 commuters take place (6592 workers or 77.2%, and 1945 schoolchildren and students or 22.8%), of which workers traveling from 166 settlements situated in the city surrounding. Divergent daily urban influence of Čačak has significantly smaller mass – 1474 commuters (1089 workers or 73.9%, and 385 pupils and students or 26.1%), as well as less settlements toward which distribution workers of commuters is distributed (91 settlements). Daily urban area of labor force of Čačak is wider and demographically more expressed comparing to the same area of pupils and students.

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Габровница – прилог проучавању демографског одумирања насеља –

Author(s): Marija Martinović,Danica Šantić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2006

Development of village Gabrovnica from the prehistorically time to modern days is characterized by a number of geographic, historical, spatial, demographic, social and economic changes. In this paper are emphasized four main stages in its evolution: initial (from the foundation to the turkish conqests), early stage (period of Turkish rule), central stage (from the liberation to the end of The Second world war), and modern stage that lasts for more than 50 years. Geographic, historical and antropogeographic factors were in flavour to evolution of Gabrovnica in antic and mideavel period when the village was mentioned for the first time in written documents. After the liberation from the long Turkish rule, the development was significant and rapid. In the modern stage, especially after 1960s, stagnation and negative development tendencies occurred. Today Gabrovnica is village with only 5 citizens and with serious treat to be abandoned. This is also a current problem in settlements and its spatial and demographic development in Serbia. Complete depopulation of Gabrovnica is undoubtedly in nearby future.

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Промене броја становника, домаћинстава и густине насељености Тутинског kpaja

Author(s): Dragica Živković,Mila A. Pavlović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2006

The position in the peripheral, mountainous part of Serbia, made Turin area isolated for a long time. The continual decrease of the number of inhabitants is the result of the weak economic development, of the decrease of the natural growth and emigration. The process of population redistribution is the result of the increase of urban and the decrease of rural population. There is a great number of rural inhabitants, and a great number of small settlements of scattered and spilled type. The changes of population number also influenced the changes of the number of households, their staicturc, as well as the population density. Stopping of the further decrease of population is possible by developing economic branches based on the natural resources of the territory, infrastructure, small economy and tourism.

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Урбане агломерације у функцији регионалне интеграције Србије и југоисточне Европе

Author(s): Dragutin Tošić,Nikola Krunić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2005

In this article is analyzed the importance of urban agglomerations in the regional organization of Serbian space at one side, and on the other side they are taken as carriers of the future integration of the serbian urban system into the urban of the South-Eastern Europe (SEE). In the regional configuration of Serbia, more different forms of territorial impacts of urbanization, urban areas and urban regions. High level of urban centralization is formed under the influence of the population density and functions of the metropolitan area of Belgrade. The problems of unbalanced disposition of population growth and qualitative transformation of urban centers are stressed and analyzed. Based on the role in integration process in the SEE, the metropolitan region of Belgrade is pointed out as its principal carrier and the metropolitan region of Niš as its secondary carrier, as well as the urban centers of importance for the cross-border regional cooperation. As the most suitable instrument of internal regional integration the model of Functional Urban Regions (FURs) or Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) is proposed, and for external regional integration is proposed the model of Metropolitan European Growth Areas (MEGAs). The coherent short-term and long-term development strategies for serbian towns and their regions seem absent.

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Коритњак –расељено сеоско насеље почетком 2002. године–

Author(s): Marija Martinović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2004

Under non-adequate conditions of social relation to rural area after Second world war, modern development of rural settlements of Serbia has a lot of rural problems. A certain number of rural settlements, after negative general development at the end of XX and in the begining of XXI century have been in demographical mean disappeared. With this paper, in the example of Koritnjak, is showed the genesis and evolution of setllement which is abandoned in the beegining of 2002, after continous decrease of total population and non-positive demographical and total development.

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Współczesny sołtys w świetle typologii przywództwa. Kontekst teoretyczny i empiryczny

Author(s): Bartosz Mazurkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 22/2018

On the threshold of the 21st century, the village heads can become leaders of the rural community. The Polish village is constantly changing, and in the proper adaptation to the changing reality can be helpful to the village head as a local leader. Persons selected for this post are characterized by specific personality traits, have certain predispositions or acquire certain skills, education, etc. In a dynamically changing environment, a leader will face new challenges. The article characterizes the village head as the leader: an attempt was made to create the collection of the most appropriate qualities, predispositions and skills useful in fulfilling the role of village leader. In addition, the most important factors shaping the current and in the near future situation in the Polish countryside were identified.

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Bayindir Kizilkeçili Köyünde Rumi 1320 Yili Son Nüfus Tahriri

Author(s): Necat Çetin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2017

Kızılkeçililis are from Salur tribe. They established many villages on behalf of themselves. Today, the villages called as Kızılkeçili have been in Çanakkale, Balıkesir, Bayındır of Izmir. The village of Kızılkeçili in Bayındır is away 45 km from center of the county. There was 16 houses, 3 tax exempt people in dated 1530 land registry (tapu tahrir defteri). Total tax is 4386 coins. The last census in the village was made on 8th July 1320AH according to 1316AH dated law. The most significant feature of this census is its constituting a basis to today’s population registry documents. It was determined 328 people in 58 houses and all heads of family were men. 159(% 48.47) of 328 people are men, 169(%51.52 ) of them are women. 144 (% 43.90) people are married, 165(% 50.30) people are single, 19(% 5.80) people are widow. Some houses’ records are closed record(% 24.13). Some families’ records have been taken to different administrative units. Only house came from other place.

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Bir‘kum Saati Zamaninda’ Yaşamak: Büyülü Dağ

Author(s): Mevlüt Özben / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 91/2017

Cities are in the very center of modern life, in which the life of people is divided into short periods of time, e.g., working hours, transportation schedules. Modern life is an artificial path built by humankind that constantly promises to improve, or, in other words, to go forward. Further, this human-made path is believed to reach to an earthly paradise as well as following the motto of modern time. The time is not conceptualized as a unique single linear line anymore. In fact, the Postmodern Era seeks to be placed at this very moment, neither at the past nor in the future. Earthly heaven is only a nostalgic utopia for the most contemporary time in our Daily lives. In this article, The Magic Mountain by Thomas Mann, a novel, is discussed in terms of traditional, modern, and post-modern time perceptions. Moreover, the place that the story takes place in the novel, “Uphill”, is considered to construct a different time perception, according to the term “sandglass’ time”.

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The impact of a mega-event on city branding: The European Capital of Culture 2010 and the image of Istanbul

Author(s): Evinç Doğan,Ibrahim Sirkeci / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

This study examines the ways in which the city image of Istanbul is re-created through the mega-events within the context of the European Capital of Culture (ECoC) 2010. Istanbul “took the stage” as one of the three ECoC cities (Essen for the Ruhr in Germany and Pécs in Hungary), where the urban spaces were projected as the theatre décor while residents and visitors became the spectators of the events. Organisers and agents of the ECoC 2010 seemed to rebrand Istanbul as a “world city” rather than a “European capital”. With a series of transnational connotations, this can be considered as part of an attempt to turn Istanbul to a global city. In this study we examine posters used during the ECoC 2010 to see whether this was evident in the promoted images of Istanbul. The research employs a hermeneutic approach in which representations, signs and language are the means of symbolic meaning, which is analysed through qualitative methods for the visual data (Visual Analysis Methods), namely Semiotics and Discourse Analysis. The analysed research material comes from a sample of posters released during the ECoC 2010 to promote 549 events throughout the year. Using stratified random sampling we have drawn 28 posters (5% of the total) reflecting the the-matic groups of events in the ECoC 2010. Particular attention is also paid to the reflexivity of the researchers and re-searchers’ embeddedness to the object of research. The symbolic production and visual representation are therefore investigated firstly through the authoritative and historically constituted discourses in the making of Istanbul image and secondly through the orders of cultural consumption and mediatisation of culture through spectacular events. Hence enforcing a transnationalisation of the image of the city where the image appears to be almost stateless transcending the national boundaries. Findings and methodology used in this study can be useful in understanding similar cases and further research into the processes of city and place branding and image relationships.

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Credit Constraints and Rural Migration: Evidence from Six Villages in Uttar Pradesh

Author(s): Ruchi Singh / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

Rural economies in developing countries are often characterized by credit constraints. Various studies confirm that rural labor migration in developing countries is an outcome of capital market imperfections. Lack of easy accessibility to credit followed by exorbitant rate of interest charged by informai sources of credit worsens the condition of poor households. LIttar Pradesh is among few most backward states of India and exhibits highest rate of male out-migration among all states (NSSO). Although few attempt have been made to understand trends and patterns of male out-migration from LIttar Pradesh (LIP), there is dearth of literature on linkage between credit accessibility and male migration in rural LIttar Pradesh. The current study tries to fill this void. Objective of the study is to assess the role of credit accessibility in determining rural male migration. To meet the objective and to have better understanding of the role played by credit constraints in migration decisions, the study undertake primary survey of 370 households in six villages of Jaunpur district in LIP. Simple statistical tools and binary logistic regression model have been used. The result of empirical analysis shows that accessibility and various sources of credit play very important role in male migration in rural LIP. Study also found that relationship between credit constraints and migration varies across various social groups in LIP. Thus more financial inclusion shall be encouraged in rural LIttar Pradesh and an attempt shall be made to ensure easy access of credit to rural households. Various ongoing schemes on financial inclusion shall be more properly implemented and encouraged among rural households to prevent them from various kinds of exploitation by local moneylender.

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Emigration, remittances and emerging family structure: findings from a household survey in eight selected villages in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India

Author(s): Imtiyaz Ali,Ram B. Bhagat,Sabiha Mahboob / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

Migration from India to the Gulf Countries has increased dramatically in recent years. Does it actually have an impact on the joint family structure? India has been known for prevailing type of joint/extended families. This paper aims to throw new evidences for introducing the concept of “federated family”. Using primary survey data collected from 328 rural emigrant households in eight villages from the district of Kushinagar in eastern Uttar Pradesh in India, this paper contributes to the debate of socio-economic development and impact of international remittances at migrants’ places of origin. It is the first study which addresses the concept of federated family in India. Federated family seems to be a joint family, where all its members stay under the same roof but use separate kitchens.

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CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN POLAND AFTER ITS ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION – RESULTS OF COMMUNE CATEGORISATION

Author(s): Grażyna Adamczyk-Łojewska,Adam Bujarkiewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

The aim of the paper was to present the analysis and evaluation of economic development in rural areas in Poland within a 10-year span between 2003 and 2012, i.e. in conditions of deepening integration process, when the Cohesion Policy was being implemented after accession to the European Union. The paper presents the results of research conducted by the authors across the entire country at the level of communes that employed Regional Data Banks (RDBs) of the Central Statistical Office (GUS) and GIS techniques. Allowing for comparable criteria covering eight analysed factors, relative level of development in individual communes – high, medium or low (category A, B or C, respectively) – was determined independently for four years (2003, 2008, 2010, and 2012). Then it was used as a basis for delimitation (on the national and provincial level) of areas varying in terms of the level of development (A, B and C) independent for each of these four years, and as a basis for identifying alterations in the area and population ranges in areas belonging to particular categories and their locations within the studied 10-year period.

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