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4.50 €

When Tradition is Given a Trademark. Artisanship Within the Museum Folk-Fairs in the 2000s Romania

Author(s): Marin Constantin / Language(s): English

My text is an attempt to characterize artisanship in Romania following a field research conducted in 2005 within five folk fairs set up by the Museum of Peasants and the Village Museum (Bucharest), the Museum of Villages in Banat (Timisoara), the Astra Museum (Sibiu), and the Museum Complex of Suceava and Bucovine (Suceava).

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Kulturno-umjetnička društva Lašvanske doline

Author(s): Vladimir Grganović / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The Croatian country people from Jajce to Bila over the centuries wore the same national costumes, varying only in single tiny details in men and women’s dress. Traditional tunes have been preserved in singing by folklore clubs in this region and are types of older or recent polyphone praxis. Heterogeneousness and creativity are expressed in forming strophe-melodiousness and short and long song-sentence. The poetic text is mostly primary, but often the text is subordinated to the expression of the melody. In the article folk clubs in Lašva’s Valley are described as keeping vivid traditional folk memory: Paklarevo, Napredak Novi Travnik and Vitez, KUD “Žena” from Nova Bila, and the most famous ”Sloga” from Guča Gora, also renowned outside Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Tradicijski nakit Hrvata Lašvanske doline iz 19. i početka 20. stoljeća

Author(s): Zvonko Martić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Traditionalistic ornaments made by Croats who lived along river Lašva in the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century are to be divided according residence: rural or urban ornaments worn by men and women; but also according to body parts when single ornament objects were worn. People didn’t use the word “nakit”, but gizdanje (decoration) – the present participle of the verb meaning the act of decorating or adorning something, Special ornaments of silver for the chest were called stamp (kov); there were three types and had not only an aesthetic purpose, but also served as boxes for blessed objects. Ornamental objects as craft art products have an immanent meaning in communication with family and a wider social community, like lending ornaments to poor girls, but some ornaments functioned as signs of betrothal. An Ornament is also the discrete right of women to free disposal. Generally common people give more importance to dress than to ornaments.

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Some Aspects of the Love Magic Beliefs in Eastern Serbia

Author(s): Danijela Đurišič / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In my paper I would like to point out some aspects of love magic using eastern Serbian examples. I am not a historian and I mostly work with the contemporary material from my own fieldwork. The paper focuses on the traditional form of love magic in eastern Serbia and tries to put it in an anthropological context. Eastern Serbia is an ethnically heterogeneous region, settled mostly by Serbs and Walachs. The Walachs are citizens of Roman origin, who migrated there from Romania (mainly from Transylvania, Moldavia and Walachia). Both Serbs and Walachs are orthodox. This area has always been known for strong beliefs in magic and witchcraft and Walachian magic has been regarded among the Serbs as one of the strongest varieties and one by which it was possible to make a (magical) attack on somebody from a distance. Strong fear of the dead and belief in vampirism characterized this area as well.

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Bells and Magic

Author(s): Juraj Gembický / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Bells are used in different world cultures as musical and cult-instruments for calling people and supernatural beings together, they serve in performing of religious or profane rituals and ceremonies and in many other similar functions or purposes. The traditions of using bells are very ancient features of human cultures. They have been used for religious purposes already in Assyria, Babylonia and Egypt. In ancient time they had also decorative and apotropaic functions as we can see from amulets, excavations of horse- and cattle-bells, etc.

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BOŞNAK HALK EDEBİYATININ ANLATI TÜRLERİ VE TASNİFİ ÜZERİNE BAZI DİKKATLER

Author(s): Ahmet Saçkesen / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Folk literature, as it collectively builds up over many centuries , is a manifestation of a society's way of living and its cultural values. Therefore analysis and interpretation of narratives like tales, legends, stories and epics have historically been regarded as of high importance in folklore.

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AZERBAYCAN GELENEĞİNDE DESTANIN SONU (DUVAKKAPMA)

Author(s): Arzu Özge Kartallıoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

In this paper, the duvakkapamas in Azerbaijan literature are evaluated in terms of semantic and structure with the given examples.

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Книга на портите

Author(s): Teodor Lekov / Language(s): Bulgarian,Egyptian (Ancient)

The "Book of the Gates" is the third book of Ancient Egyptian Religious Texts series, which includes the main works of the Egyptian sacred tradition. "The Book of the Gates" is an ancient Egyptian magical book devoted to journey of the god of sun to the afterlife. Its name has been given because of the gates that close the spaces between the various parts of the underground kingdom. The book is intended for the Egyptian ruler; it was unavailable to the uninitiated. It first appeared in the middle of the New Kingdom (XIV BCE) and was recorded on the walls of the royal tombs.This edition contains an introduction, an ancient Egyptian translation (accompanied by translation), images of the scenes and commentary. It is published for the first time in Bulgarian.

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Larp "College of Wizardry" jako produkt i platforma aktywizmu społecznego

Author(s): Michał Mochocki / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

"College of Wizardry" (2014) is presented in Michał Mochocki’s chapter as an activist live action role-playing game and, at the same time, a product of social activism. This is a product that brings social justice into the gaming community with the aim to create inclusivity and acceptance for underprivileged or marginalized groups. Using extensive online communications, all scenerios and character roles were created by a huge collective of players, game creators and spokespersons for the activist groups. This effort was put together to meet the expectations expressed by the representatives and spokespersons of the underprivileged and marginalized. The official game packaging and contents include a design document with commentaries and explanations are of an ideological in nature, e.g., statements concerning gender and the LGBTQ equality. Adding a new region, new school and 20 years of recent history to the Potterverse, the creators highlighted inequalities and social tensions that underpin the discourse against privilege and

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Tvůrčí činnost dvou českých badatelů o „literárním Slezsku“

Author(s): Libor Pavera / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The topic of the following article is the history of research concerning the “literary Silesia” from the perspective of the Czech history of literature and folklore. The author emphasizes the fact that in the 20th century, Jan Malicki made substantial contributions to the state of the discipline on the Polish side, while Antonín Satke and Drahomír Šajtar contributed on the Czech side – the former in folklore studies, the latter in literary theory. Moreover, Šajtar popularized this interesting, interdisciplinary topic that Bridges several research areas (folklore, literature, ethnography, institutions, economic history, etc.). In addition, Šajtar created the program devoted to studying folklore in Silesia. The article, then, attempts to remind the readers about these two important figures in the study of the “literary Silesia” and its heritage.

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Проблематика ритуала литијског опхода у светлу новијих истраживања

Author(s): Ivica R. Todorović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The ceremonial act of procession - before its banning subsequent to World War II - was widespread on the Serbian ethnic territory as one of the most important rituals. This phenomenon features a whole range of exceptionally interesting characteristics which have never been scientifically investigated: from the specific ways of structuring the ritual procession path to the intricate mythical complex accompanying the ritual. The results of years-long research of this phenomenon point to its multi-layered semantic and structural makeup. The contemplated ritual may therefore be used as a key in solving numerous dilemmas relating, on the one hand, to the research of the Serbian folk religion, and, on the other, to the research of the mythical/ritual systems structure in general. The function of the procession ritual was to provide a tight social unity of the rural community and favourable weather conditions for a fertile year. On the semantic plane, this ritual is exceptionally complex, with a number of connotation levels which all together make up a unique mythic-ritual text. In terms of mythological analysis, the most significant mythical determinants to be singled out here are the magic circle, the sacred trees, and the lord o f the weather, with a deeper mythological layer relating to the global cycle of annual folkways. Also met with in this ritual are the elements of diverse cults (agricultural, solar, vegetational, ancestor worship, etc.). Structural and semantic analyses of the procession ritual have revealed a spectrum of syntagmatic expressions and paradigmatic possibilities of the analyzed phenomenon, with an emphasis on specific patterns observed in the most intricate manifestations of the procession ritual - similar or identical to the patterns noted (in previous research) within the framework of heterogeneous linguistic, logical, mythical and ritualistic models. This scholarly approach is congruous with a hypothesis on the existence of homologous structural patterns, tentatively called patterns of the primary structure of thinking of universal character - revealed in diverse spheres of culture and nature.

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Selected Essays by Young Authors (Vol. 1)

Author(s): / Language(s): English

This is the first collection of selected essays by the authors who attended the courses and seminars the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia organized in 2004. Within the three-year project “Building up Democracy and Good Governance in Multiethnic Communities” that is being implemented with the assistance of the European Union, twelve 5-day “schools of democracy” and eight 3-day seminars under the common title “Life and Living in Multiethnic Environments” were held in 2004 in Belgrade, Novi Sad, Kragujevac and Novi Pazar. Over 500 trainees attended these courses and seminars. The project is aimed at capacitating young people – by the means of attractive and interactive courses of training – not only for a life in multiethnic communities that are particularly burdened with the adverse experience of the recent past, mutual distrust and stereotypes, but also for a life in the conditions that mark a modern democracy and reflect its standards. An objective as such implies, among other things, rational perception of notions, developments and trends that are in Serbia still blurred, marginalized and subject to relativism or, moreover, to various and even misguiding interpretations. The Helsinki Committee’s experience testifies this is all about a process that takes time but is worthy of effort – the more so since young people, as evidenced by the selected writings as well, fully perceive it as an imperative need of their own.

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Празникът на пролетта в Албания и в другите балкански страни

Author(s): Eno Baze / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Part of the enormous cultural heritage of the Balkans is occupied by pagan customs. In the folk context, many of them find are widespread in the peninsula, but centrally and comprehensively, we can highlight the celebrations of the feast –The first Day of Spring. It is celebrated today in the territory of five Balkan countries - Bulgaria, Albania, Romania, Serbia, Greece and Macedonia. But to ask ourselves how and where this custom is rooted? There are solid hypotheses about Thracian-Dacian origin or Proto Bulgarian, even somewhere I have encountered Iranian-Indian. No one can give an exact answer, and perhaps it is not necessary, but the ordinances of the spring welcome somehow resemble shamanism and communion with the natural powers, the transcendent and the paranormal, the mystical and the occult. The reception of spring is an ancient custom in the Balkans, connected with the common cultural heritage, a sign of the proximity of nations.

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Етикет на пиенето на чай в Китай и в Русия

Author(s): Yajun Li / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

This report outlines the etiquette of tea drinking in China and in Russia. You will know about the history of Chinese tea and myths and traditions, related to it. The main tools and equipment of Gongfu ceremonial tea set are presented. At the same time I will introduce the history of Russian tea drinking and the Russian samovar. At the end of the report I compare several proverbs about tea drinking in China and in Russia.

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Művészeti szakoktatás avagy műkedvelő hagyományőrzés? Helyzetkép a romániai magyar iskolai néptáncoktatásról

Author(s): Csongor Könczei / Language(s): Hungarian

The present study asks in its title, which attempts to outline the current situation of the Hungarian folk dance teaching in Romania and to assess the practice and opportunities created by the natural (or in some places propagated) demand. In fact, it is actually trying to map a "curriculum" that is formally non-existent in the Romanian educational system, which is based on the needs of the invited or self-proclaimed dance instructors and co-leaders, but the study also seeks the basic question of whether it is possible and if so, then what methods to teach segments of traditional folk culture, namely, whether it is possible to instruct the "folk dance" in an artificial environment instinctively?

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Търновска книжовна школа – пространства на паметта. Том 11

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Russian,German,Serbian,Old Bulgarian

The 𝑇𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑣𝑜 𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑆𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑙 collections contain reports from the recurrent international symposium “Tarnovo Literary School”, which is the oldest and most respected forum on Old Bulgarian studies in Bulgaria and worldwide. It was held for the first time in 1971 under the auspices of UNESCO, and the first collection of articles came out in 1976. The𝑇𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑣𝑜 𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑆𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑙 collections are among the most cited editions in the fields of Old Bulgarian studies and research into medieval Bulgarian spiritual and material culture from its pre-Tarnovo and Tarnovo periods, as well as on the cultural and literary ties between Byzantium, Bulgaria, and the Eastern Orthodox Slavic world. The main purpose of 𝑇𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑣𝑜 𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑆𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑙 is to publish scholarly articles by Bulgarian and foreign researchers in the field of interdisciplinary medieval studies in order to explore the cultural and historical heritage of the Second Bulgarian Empire.

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A Parallel Study of Romanian and Italian Traditional Culture

Author(s): Aurelia Sabiescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Through his enduring work and innovative forays as a pioneering researcher and true intellectual, De Martino remains a prolific culture maker and a pioneer in the field of ethno-anthropology, contributing to a remarkable extent, including advancing research in the field and continuing to stimulate, in a substantial way, those interested in following his path. In addition to his vast theoretical background, De Martino’s genuine personality has always guided him to a form of knowledge based on experience, with his field research developing innovative methodological approaches - even through the integration of new technologies – confirming De Martino as a true guide in applied ethnological research. Through the extensive use of photography as an essential tool for critical analysis of scientific evidence, all research techniques undergo transformation. The author advocates for the necessity of expanding the study of De Martino’s work within Romanian academia, particularly focusing on the relationship of the Italian scholar with Romanian folklore, treated and viewed in comparison with the forms of manifestation of Italian popular culture. In this exploration, fascinating aspects and similarities of tarantism with the ritual elements of the Romanian Căluș can be detected. The Căluș dance, included in UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage (2005), stands as an important national emblem and a symbol of Romanian identity.

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Жизнени преходи и празничност: актуализирана традиция

Author(s): Stoyan Antonov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article presents the feast day of Diadovden (‘Grandfather’s Day’), observed in the village of Chereshovo, as an example of updated tradition. In the different stages of construction of the feast day, transformations are revealed that relate to the status of a grandfather, and hence to the basic life transition in the village environment – the transition to old age. In the same time, the feast day is a concentration of interaction between the individual and the community, considered as adapting the personal rhythm to the social rhythm. The article discusses the ritual, the official, and the entertaining parts of the festivity, and notes the changes in the actions, the participants, and the audience.

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PARALLEL MOTIFS OF TWO ALBANIAN BALLADS

Author(s): Ylberza Halili / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The folk ballad as an artistic creation presents life as experienced by the individual and shaped by their spiritual world. Consequently, the conflict of the individual with their environment and society, with themselves, and with fate as a metaphysical conflict, is a permanent phenomenon of the ballad genre. Albanian ballads are characterized by a deep lyricism that is produced by strong emotions as a result of sacrifice and the pain of people who have suffered it. They reflect the historical reality of the lives of our people, and frequently feature tragedy; indeed, they echo problems that have plagued all peoples. Ballads of migration in particular are painful folk creations for young men who have had to leave their country, often for economic reasons, leaving behind their families. This paper aims to analyze two such ballads: “Vijnë vaporat” (Steamers are coming) and “Kur e përcolla ylberin” (When I said Farewell to Rainbow) whose main topic is the trauma of migration, a reality experienced by many Albanians during different historical periods. The lyrical hero of both ballads re+6veals their longing for those who are far away. I will focus on the shared theme of these ballads and what other connections there may be between them, including parallel motifs.

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SHËNIMET PËR AUTORËT

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

notes on authors

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