We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

Download

WOMEN IN LOVE AGAINST THE UNDERWORLD: “FEMALE SAVIOR” SCENARIO IN ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AND TURKISH FOLKLORE NARRATIVES

Author(s): Evgeniia Lapina / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The main idea of this work was to study gender representations in the English “Ballad of Tam Lin”, the Russian fairy tale “Finist the Bright Falcon” and the Turkish tale “Patience-Stone” through the analysis of language units with implicit gender semantics. These folklore narratives have important similarities featuring the female protagonist as the main plot driver and possessor of cultural wisdom. They follow the “female savior” scenario, depicting women as decisive and challenging the traditional role of a decorative victim.

More...

Download

Amatérski zberatelia ľudového umenia a starožitností. Osobná aktivita jednotlivcov a jej význam v začiatkoch muzeálnej činnosti

Author(s): Martina Bocánová / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

The study deals with the development of museology by not only pointing to the socio-political situation of the time, but also by emphasizing the important personalities of the region. In Trnava, the collection activity was developed in two directions – the organized form and enthusiasts, for whom the collection of historical artefacts was a personal challenge. The Franz R Osvald Museum Company was founded in Trnava and its ambition was to associate people interested in history. Its main objectives were the management, preservation and presentation of historical, ethnographic and archaeological collections, which were handed over by the Saint Adalbert Association. Besides the organized way of work and enrichment of museum funds, we also know amateur collectors and artists interested in historical artefacts. The outstanding personality of the region was Štefan Cyril Parrák, who devoted his life to collecting folk art. Thanks to his enthusiasm, he gathered large quantities of historical objects of considerable historical, archaeological and cultural value. His huge personal collection has become one of the basic building blocks of the Western Slovakia museum in Trnava and has helped this museum to move from the position of a regional museum to that of a national museum, among other important institutions of this type in Slovakia. Despite the disintegration of his family and many existential problems, Štefan Cyril Parrák concentrated on the collection and preservation of historical objects during the Second World War. His activity was paralyzed due to the political events in 1948, when his house was nationalized. In 1954, this magnificent collection was moved to the Western Slovakia museum in Trnava and became the property of the state. The study presents not only the beginnings of the conception of an important collection fund in Trnava but also the life story of a man in the background of the socio-political events of the time.

More...

Download

SŁOWIAŃSKIE, PSEUDOSŁOWIAŃSKIE, NIESŁOWIAŃSKIE? WAMPIRY W POLSKIEJ LITERATURZE

Author(s): Marta Błaszkowska-Nawrocka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Although the term “vampire” and the earliest legends about these creatures are considered these days to be of eastern origin, Slavonic culture and vampires appear to have many connections. “Slavic vampires” have a less pronounced sexual aspect, which is important in many classic vampire stories, and, instead, deal more with the concept of a “bad death” and the disease/illness category. This paper is an attempt to examine the shape and anthropological meanings of vampire figures in Polish literary texts.

More...

Download

MANŽELSTVÍ

Author(s): Zuzana Shejbalová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

1.1. Definice - Manželství je společensky akceptovaný vztah dvou osob, stvrzený uzavřením sňatku. Očekává se od něho sdílení domácnosti, vzájemná pomoc a podpora partnerů, sexuální soužití, výchova dětí a společný majetek. 1.2. Manželské formy – terminologie • Monogamie – sňatek mezi dvěma partnery, obvykle mezi mužem a ženou. Tato forma je nejrozšířenější. • Sériová monogamie – po zániku monogamického svazku (rozvod, smrt) jedinec opět uzavře nové manželství s jedním partnerem. • Polygamie – manželství více než dvou osob. • Polygynie – manželství 1 muže a více žen. • Polyandrie – manželství 1 ženy s více muži. Více manželů mají např. ženy v Tibetu. • Křesťanství, hinduismus a judaismus se vyslovují pro monogamické svazky, buddhismus se k monogamii nevyjadřuje, v islámu je mnohoženství. • Levirát – příbuzenské pravidlo, které přikazuje muži oženit se s vdovou po zemřelém bratrovi. • Sororát – pravidlo, při kterém má muž po ovdovění právo (či povinnost) uzavřít manželství se sestrou své ženy – anebo sestra zemřelé má právo (či povinnost) provdat se za jejího muže. • Sňatek duchů (v Číně) – pokud během zásnub ženich zemřel, sňatek se uzavřel se zesnulým. Následně bylo možné adoptovat dítě a tím zajistit zachování rodové linie.

More...

Download

SNAHY O ZMĚNU OSUDU

Author(s): Pavla Krajcová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Osud je v čínské kultuře vnímán jako daný, určený dobou zrození člověka. Přesto může mít různé podoby naplnění a je možné jej pozitivním způsobem ovlivňovat a vědomě utvářet. Existuje mnoho způsobů, jak ovlivnit běh života, které obvykle vycházejí z lidového náboženství a kosmologických představ. Jsou založené na starověkých představách, ale přesto si vydobyly své místo i v dnešní, moderní čínské společnosti. Patří mezi ně čínský horoskop sledující lidskou povahu a budoucnost, různorodé léčitelské a léčebné techniky a fengshui 风水 pracující s úpravou prostoru.

More...

Download

Vztah člověka ke hmotnému a nehmotnému kulturnímu dědictví venkova a cestovní ruch

Author(s): Jiří Vaníček / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Pojem lokální kultura akcentuje územní dimenzi, spjatost či vázanost k danému místu. Lze odlišit městskou od venkovské lokální kultury. Venkovská lokální kultura je vázána na malá územní společenství, charakteristická specifickou subkulturou, je tvořena materiálními i nemateriálními prvky, tj. hmotnými i nehmotnými statky a hodnotami, které jsou v konkrétním čase daným společenstvím využívány. Dosažený stupeň urbanizace nedovoluje přesné prostorové rozlišení městské a venkovské lokální kultury. Obecně lze říci, že jednou z hlavních odlišností obou je, že města zpravidla působí díky své vyšší sociokulturní heterogenitě a svým funkcím jako kulturní a inovační centra, častěji ovlivňovaná populární kulturou a globalizačními tlaky. Na sociálně homogennějším venkově hraje i v současné době významnou roli tradiční lidová kultura, s čímž je spojena i větší konzervativnost venkovské lokální kultury.

More...

4.50 €

Rozšíření špýcharového domu na Doudlebsku

Author(s): Daniel Šnejd / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Singular recent finds of granary-style houses in the District of Český Krumlov have become a motivation to find out to which extent this type of archaic houses has survived in the entire ethnographic area of Doudlebsko, where such finds are located. The occurrence of the granary-style house in this region is mentioned also in older literature. A research task of the National Heritage Institute, financed by the Ministry of Culture programme for institutional support, provided financial funds for an overall research in the years 2013 and 2014. This research mapped 85 village settlements in the ethnographic area of Doudlebsko. From a plethora of discovered houses that featured one of more hallmarks typical for the granarystyle house, several best-preserved and hitherto not published examples are described.

More...

4.50 €

Roubené sýpky a špýchary na Berounsku a Hořovicku

Author(s): Helena Mevaldová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The contribution includes the results of field researches the author carried out in the last quarter of the 20th century in the district of Beroun. Small one-storey timbered granaries and one-storey two-room granaries have survived rather rarely in the regions of Berounsko and Hořovicko. A higher number of examples substantiate two-storey timbered granaries, which completed the form of farmhouses significantly in the regions of Berounsko and Hořovicko. They featured a wooden staircase and an access gallery placed on the courtyard side and protected by overhanging roof. The ground floor could either be fully opened, carried by columns with doubled straps, or partially or fully closed by timbered or masonry walls. For the region north of the Berounka River, from Plasko to Karlštejn environs, the two-storey granary was typically placed at the entrance gate to the farmhouse. In the region of Berounsko, the two-storey granary often used to stand at the surrounding wall, in the middle or even in the rear part of the courtyard; we can find such types of granaries on both banks of the Berounka River. The wider area of Křivoklát forests and Podbrdsko featured pass-through pillar hovel with a granary under the roof. Such hovels were typically situated in the middle of the courtyard. In the 19th century, timbered granaries were replaced by masonry buildings the examples of which have survived as well.

More...

4.50 €

Slohové ohlasy v lidové architektuře jako badatelský problém

Author(s): Miroslav Válka / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The relation between the folk and the stylish culture was solved by both ethnography (ethnology) and history of arts. Primarily, these issues were monitored on folk art and in relation of folk and style architecture. At the beginning, the ethnography focused on the timbered house that was considered an expression of autochthon folk architecture. In the inter-war period, it was art historians (Z. Wirth, V. Mencl) who devoted themselves to this theme. They overrated the influence of historical styles and considered the rural house to be an unoriginal rusticated form inspired by high culture. The representatives of Czech functionalism and structuralism (K. Šourek, K. Honzík) took a more complex opinion. After the war, the research was aimed at the documentation of surviving masonry buildings with the terrain echoes of styles as well as at the analysis of decorative elements and their authors (V. Bělík, L. Štěpánek, I. Minář). These issues were extensively monitored in Southern Bohemia, where one speaks even about ”Rustic Baroque”. Based on architectural development, source archives materials and planned documentation, the above issues are solved by M. Ebel and J. Škabrada.

More...

Download

Tradiția poloneză. Inerții și transformări - Fluxurile și refluxurile haosului

Author(s): Alexander Fiut / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

S-au întâlnit în coloanele Culturii pariziene, fapt ce capătă o semnificație aproape simbolică. Și de la început au găsit unul în celălalt un aliat. Pe marginea lecturii Gândirii captive, care tocmai apăruse, Gombrowicz nota: „Aș spune că în această carte Milosz luptă pe două fronturi: esențială nu este numai condamnarea Estului în numele culturii occidentale, ci și impunerea unei experiențe proprii distincte și a cunoașterii lumii - derivată din ea - asupra Vestului. Acest duel aproape personal dintre un scriitor polonez modern și Vest, în care miza o constituie expunerea propriei valori, a propriei puteri și particularități, e pentru mine mult mai interesant decât analiza lui Milosz a chestiunilor comunismului, care, chiar dacă e foarte pătrunzătoare, nu poate introduce idei cu totul noi” (D I 13)1. Ce lecție decurge așadar din întâlnirea - potrivit spuselor lui Gombrowicz - cu „o cultură abrutizată”?

More...

Download

Baluri, nunți, distracții de altădată

Author(s): Roxana Pătrașcu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Când voiau să se mai distreze, să iasă din monotonia zilnică, oamenii din Banat, inclusiv șvabii, mergeau la baluri. Existau mai multe tipuri de baluri: balul meseriașilor, al pompierilor, balul mascat, balul secerișului, balul strugurilor, balul de Anul Nou, balul de Lăsatul Secului.

More...

Download

О РЕГИОНАЛЬНОМ КОРПУСЕ НАРОДНОЙ РЕЧИ: К ПОСТАНОВКЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ

Author(s): Marina Aleksandrovna Kharlamova / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The drawbacks of the Dialect Subcorpus of the National Russian Language Corpus are obvious, therefore dialectologists in numerous scientific centres started creating regional dialect corpus. Omsk dialectologists have collected some unique material that is to be presented as corpus of texts. The novelty of the project consists in the fact that the corpus will be the first large-scale dialect source reflecting peculiar features of the folk speech in the polyethnic Omsk Irtysh region, which will present the discourse characteristics in the new format - the format of text, significantly large in terms of themes and genres. It will present the materisl in phonetic spelling, and contain extensive lingua-cultural and extralinguistic comments, audio and video illustrations for the texts, which are different in themes and represent various language personalities. The presentation includes a sample of the recorded speech of a Siberian Russian-Estonian dialect speaker that demonstrates topic-based notation of a polyphonic text with featuring the key words of the dialect discourse (the text contains about 10000 words).

More...

Download

Türk Kültürü Bağlamında Ehl-i Haklar’da Miraç Miti

Author(s): İbrahim Karaca / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Ahl-e Haqq belief and Ahl-e-Haqq community continue to exist in the western regions of Iran today. Ahl-e Haqq belief, which has many common features with the Alevi-Bektashi communities living in Anatolia, has created its own unique value system. The subject of this study is the myth of Miraj, which has an important place in the belief of Ahl-e Haqq. The miraculous myth is a frequently discussed topic, especially in the Alevi-Bektashi communities in Anatolia. We encounter the miraj myth that existed in Anatolia among the Ahl-e Haqqs in Iran as well. The myth of Ahl-e Haqq, which is told among the Ahl-e Haqqs in Iran, is a reflection of the belief of emergence within the system of values. Along with the myth described here, Hz. It is proved that Ali is the appearance of God. In Anatolian Alawism, the mirac myth forms the beginning of the cem ceremony by establishing a connection with the forty community. Shamans in Turkish culture rise to the sky by cutting their ties from this world in ceremonies. In these ascents, they generally perform their ascent by means of a bird. Similarly, Hz. While Mohammed ascends to the sky, he ascends to the sky on a horse called Burak. The aim of this study is to evaluate the myth of ascension in the Ahl-e Haqq values system in the context of Turkish culture. For this purpose, an ethnographic field study based in Iran's Tehran, Tabriz and Kermanshah was conducted between 2017-2019. The data obtained from the field study was the source of this study. In addition, the words, which are among the first-hand sources obtained from the field, also served as a source for the study. The data obtained were evaluated in terms of cultural history.

More...

Download

Японски празници, посветени на децата (Хина мацури, Танго но секку, Шичи-го-Сан)

Author(s): Katya Marinova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

For members of every society, children are the future and that’s why they are very important. Parents want their child to be healthy, fed, clothed, and to be successful, and to make it possible, a divine blessing is most often relied upon. Therefore, parents should pray to receive it, performing the necessary rituals. The Japanese have three important festivals celebrating the children: Hina Matsuri (The Festival of Dolls), also known as Momo no sekku (Seasonal Peach Festival) (March 3), Tango no sekku (Seasonal Festival on the Fifth Day of the Fifth Month) or Kodomo no hi (Children’s Day) (May 5) and Shichi-Go-San (7-5-3) (November 15). In this report, we will look at where these traditions come from, how the celebrations take place and how they connect with other annual holidays.

More...

Download

Awa Odori: The Popularity of a Japanese Traditional Dance Festival

Author(s): Tran Hoang Nam / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Awa Dance (Awa Odori) is a traditional performing art that originated in Tokushima Prefecture, and is one of the major Bon festival dances in Japan. The history of Awa Odori dates back more than four centuries ago. Awa Odori has been born and developing along with the lives and culture of the local common people. Every year in August, the main Awa Odori Festival is being held in Tokushima City with involvement of more than 100.000 dancers and attracting more than 1.3 million visitors. Awa Odori is also being practiced by more than 1.000 registered dance groups over Japan, while gradually gaining popularity abroad. This paper is aimed at introducing the background, characteristics and the factors that contributed to the rise of Awa Odori as a representative dance festival of Japan.

More...

Download

Customs and Rituals Common to the Peoples of South-Eastern Europe

Author(s): Manolis G. Varvounis / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper examines some of the customs and rituals of the annual holiday cycle that are prevalent among the peoples of Southeastern Europe. These are mainly customs related to agricultural and pastoral communities, and especially to the magical and ritualistic effort to achieve euphoria, fertility and good harvest. The economic, social and cultural conditions that contributed to their spread to the peoples of the region, their local variations and their adaptations to the cultural tradition of each people, and their progress from traditional to popular culture, i.e. their forms and survivals, are examined today, in the age of modernity. The forms of their reproduction and management today, in the context of folklore and all kinds of tourist farms, are also examined, as well as the tendency of their replacement by modern ritual forms.

More...

Download

Elements of Romanian Folk Architecture: Traditional Houses

Author(s): Cristina-Valentina Dafinoiu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The present material has been intended as a brief chronicle of Romanian folk architecture, based on the concept that individual has in perpetuum inclined toward habitation in accordance with their corresponding socio-economic status and household requirements. It explores aspects such as construction methods, along with the choice of position in terms of a sustainable structure to withstand over time for generations to come, the significance of inhabitation in collective consciousness, the evolution of architectural materials over time, and the harmonious blend of architectural styles including the transformation of the living area from the front room to drawing room (the main home). The facets in relation to the constitutive elements or parts of a provincial establishment, from the foundation to the rooftop (sheathing), have been taken into consideration and analyzed. The purpose of this article is to uncover the rich heritage embodied in these traditional houses and gain valuable insight into their construction, symbolism, and role within the community.

More...

5.00 €

Dal falso storico alla falsificazione del vero mito: il caso del canto O e bukura More

Author(s): Matteo Mandalá / Language(s): Italian Publication Year: 0

La regione menzionata nel testo di questo celeberrimo canto è, evidentemente, quella del Peloponneso. Ma se si legge attentamente il testo nella sua versione integrale...

More...

Download

Les stratégies de la vie quotidienne des agriculteurs polonais

Author(s): Zbigniew Drąg / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The article raises the issue of the quality of life of Polish farmers in the context of ongoing globalization processes. Globalization brings with it new phenomena and processes that reorganize human lives and may be perceived as threats and challenges. Does the increased sense of threats and challenges of globalization worsen the quality of one’s live, defined in subjective terms as mental well-being? The author analyzes the above issue, referring to the results of a study conducted in 2017 on a representative sample of 3,551 family farmers. Mental well-being is analyzed with reference to general life satisfaction, sense of optimism, social support, and internal harmony; in turn, the threats and challenges of globalization are studied in the context of one’s work, finances, cultural life and other spheres. It turns out that an increase of threats and challenges as perceived by farmers was accompanied by enhanced mental well-being. The decisive factors here were the strategies adopted by farmers to control globalization changes: active v passive (avoidance). Assuming that knowledge about globalization threats and challenges is an important way to control them, adaptive activism (related to the disposition of actively obtaining information about new situations) was adopted as an indicator of an active strategy. In turn, recognition of emotional religiosity as an indicator of an avoidance strategy resulted from an assumption that the consequence of the inability to control changes based on a rational factor may be turning to a transcendent factor as providing hope for protection against something new and incomprehensible. Both types of responses could be used by farmers simultaneously, depending on the situation. Thanks to this, their psychological well-being has not decreased in the conditions of globalization changes.

More...

Download

Le village et la culture folklorique en Pologne centrale (étude empirique)

Author(s): Anna Matuchniak-Mystkowska / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The text is dedicated to folk culture in the regions of Sieradz and Piotrków Trybunalski, located in central Poland. It presents an empirical research study on lifestyles, customs, art and their intergenerational transmission in multigenerational families through the cultural system I – the familial one and II – local institutions (ethnographic museums, schools).

More...