Historical Verities
The review of: Romanitatea Románilor. Istoría unei idei (The Roman Origin of the Romanians: The history of an idea) by Adolf Armbruster; Bucharest: Editura Enciclopedica, 1993, 343 pp.
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The review of: Romanitatea Románilor. Istoría unei idei (The Roman Origin of the Romanians: The history of an idea) by Adolf Armbruster; Bucharest: Editura Enciclopedica, 1993, 343 pp.
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The concept of ageing as a mask refers to, according to M. Featherstone and M. Hepworth, the tension between the identity and experiencing one’s own, aging body. There is a growing disparity between the body and “ I" in the elderly, which results from the fact that they lose “ symbolic capital" and do not accept their own bodies with their mental and physical limitations. Old age exposes and becomes a symbolic nudity, a source of shame in the culture full of images of beautiful, young, physically fit and sexually attractive bodies. We compensate shame and the loss of the symbolic vestment by rejuvenating our bodies and suppressing negative emotions. Old age has become painful, because people live longer than ever before. To justify all treatments aimed at prolonging life, contemporary culture has taken for granted the idea of Hufelad from 1897: “ Long life has always been the main desire and goal of humanity" [1905, 6]. Now, when we embark on prolonging life, we face the problems of recognizing the sense of identity and its social expression in the process of extended ageing, the relationship between our identity and our aging body, which is still an existential project.
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Using the public (government) health expenditure data of sixteen states in India from 1980 to 2013, the paper examines the long-run relationship between an increase in public health expenditure and income. We use real GSDP and real per capita GSDP as proxy for income. We apply Westerlund (2007) error correction based cointegration test for estimating the long-run relationship and panel dynamic OLS (DOLS) method for estimating the long-run coefficient of health expenditure. The empirical result shows that public health expenditure and income is cointegrated in the long-run. There is a positive and significant impact of income on growth of public health expenditure whereas the elasticity of public health expenditure is less than one in the long- run. It has also been found that there is a bidirectional causality between income and public health expenditure in the short- run while being unidirectional in the long-run. These research findings would serve as effective policy instruments aiming at achieving universal health coverage by generating more additional resources for health sector and minimizing the state level disparity in the growth of public health expenditure in India.
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Contemporary world has been characterized by development of new media, among other things, and also by creation of a new and different public. The new media have been influencing everyday along with the life of the communities. Along with development of conventional media, there came development of alternative media, too (Internet, before all). One basic characteristic of new media is the convergence between different media agenda and interactivities. In this text author analyzed the variables that could possibly influence the choice of the media to be used as a basic source of information. The question is - could the correlates in the use of different media be defined at all? Is it demographic characteristics (before all, the age, education and income), or certain psychological characteristics of the people in question? Or could it be that the dominant media that is being used for purpose of informing is primarily defined by cultural and social characteristics of the community? In this text the author also analyzed the data on quantitative research on a representative sample consisting of 1.050 citizens of Serbia older than the age of fifteen that had been performed in 2008.
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In 1897, in Russia was carried out a national census, which covered the whole empire including Yakut region. There was collected the unique data on the population of the state. The materials of the population census allow a reconstruction of the socio-economic development of the region. For the first time, there was collected sufficient data on the indigenous population of Yakutia, about traditions, about the lifestyle, the changes taking place in this area.
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The goal of the paper is to analyze the demographic discrepancies in the relationship between customers’ perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and their loyalty towards mobile telecommunication companies, within the particular socio-cultural and economic context of one of the largest national markets of Central and Eastern Europe. For this purpose, a survey was conducted among a sample of 1,464 mobile telecommunication customers from the urban areas of Romania. The findings emphasize several significant dissimilarities between gender, age, education and residence type based consumer categories in what concerns the impact of various CSR dimensions, as perceived by customers, on corporate brand loyalty. The results have practical implications for enhancing corporate brand loyalty in the regional mobile telecommunication market by outlining those CSR policies which should have priority in implementation and, especially, communication.
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This article outlines the main changes in Hungarian-language minority education systems in four neighbouring countries: Romania/Transylvania, Serbia/Voivodina, Slovakia, and Ukraine/Transcarpathia. The author contextualizes minority education policies by reflecting on challenges related to major demographics, educational statistics and institutional development processes. An analysis of minority education’s inner processes is carried out via identifying and describing the role of different, chief educational actors: minority political parties and organizations, the state, and Kin-state institutions. The article also analyses the interaction and possible impact of different Hungarian government bodies and non-governmental minority educational organizations beyond the country’s frontier.
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The main aim of this article is empirical analysis of the fertility level and family policies in the Republic of Macedonia. The policies are analyzed from their opportunity to influence on the population development. The policies that are matter of concern in this article are policies that are in a close relation to the childbearing and rearing of children such as maternity policies, parental-leave policies, childcare services, and child benefits.
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In the organization of the Network for Strengthening Social Work in Mental Health in Southeast Europe, financed by the DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Ausatausch Dienst), the third Regional Workshop was held in Zagreb entitled "The Quality of Life in the Institutions for Mental Health". The workshop was attended by experts and students in the field of social work and psychology from: Germany, Croatia, Albania, Kosovo and Macedonia.
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The aging of the population is a challenge for intergenerational support, privately within the family and public in the society. Concerns about intergenerational support are most often found in the younger generation: Will the younger ones continue to support the elderly? Within families, the question would be, do adults want and will be able to help their elderly parents? Intergenerational family ties are made up of both sides and should be equally interested in how aging the population can affect the two generations. Parents help their children for the most part and try to protect their children even when they need help. It is understood that the personal expectations and personal interest of the younger ones will influence how adults will behave toward their elderly parents. Subject of research in this paper are intergenerational links as support systems for the elderly and are studied through the six components of intergenerational support that allow for perceiving how intergenerational relationships affect intergenerational support. According to Bengtson and Schrader (1982); McChasney and Bengtson (1988), six dimensions of intergenerational support are defined: 1. support through friendship; 2. support through affection; 3. support through consent; 4. functional support; 5. normative support; 6. structural support. The conclusion of this research is made up of several segments: a) presents the new forms of intergenerational relationships, b) allows the perception of existing family relationships, c) reveals the causes of harmonious or disturbed intergenerational relationships, d) gives an account of the thoughts of the two generations, e) the analysis of the elements of the six components of intergenerational support allows for the identification of measures to overcome the misunderstandings between generations.
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This study attempts to investigate the effects of maternal agricultural production on Population Growth in Cameroon. We have as objectives: (a) explore the determinants of Women in Agriculture, (b) assessed the effects of women working in Agriculture on population growth and (c) derived policy implications on the basis of our analysis. To tackle these objectives, we shall make use of instrumental variable (2SLS) model. Empirical results are based on 2011 Demographic and Health survey collected by the government’s statistics office and Department of statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. Regarding the determinants of women participation in agricultural production, we observed that mother’s health status, farm size, mother’s education in complete years, urban residence and married women are positively and significantly correlating with women participation in agricultural production. We observed that women participation in agricultural production strongly affects population growth. Other factors positively affecting population growth in Cameroon include: mother’s age in complete years, family size, married mothers and father’s presence in the house. This is a gateway towards economic growth, food security and poverty alleviation in Cameroon.
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This paper explores consumer ethnocentrism of young people among student population in the Republic of Serbia. The aim of the research is to examine whether there has been a growth in the level of consumer ethnocentrism among young people in Serbia given the increasingly adverse demographic and economic situation as well exceptional political turbulences in the country. The research was conducted by surveying students at the University of Belgrade by applying the CETSCALE and factor analysis techniques. The obtained values of the CETSCALE indicate that consumer ethnocentrism is within the limits of moderate, but it shows a slight increasing trend compared to the previous research.
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4. Lošinjski dani bioetike (Mali Lošinj, 13.-15. VI. 2005.) i 1. Bioetički forum za jugoistočnu Europu (Mali Lošinj, 16.-18. VI. 2005.)
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The land register of Sandjak of Arvanid is the most ancient register that gives us important data on the administrative division, economic aspect and toponymy of a surface of more than 10.000 km2 in the first half of the 15th century. Since the preparation for publication of this register in 1954 this source has been a main work used by many scholars of late Byzantine period and of the settlement of the Ottoman occupation in these regions. In this respect, the article in question has the target to offer a new approach on the conclusions a scholar can draw from this register striving to present a reflection of the demographic aspect of Sandjak of Arvanid for the period when the registration has taken place. In order to draw this demographic data the author is based mainly on the number of the houses registered in the register together with the economic data that are to be seen in this important source for the history of the area included in the Sandjak of Arvanid.
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The paper deals with the study of the population change on the islands of Krk and Brač. The causes, changes, and characteristics of the demographic characteristics of the island are examined. The paper analyzes population trends, general population trends, age structure and economic structure of the population. The main characteristic of population trends is negative until 1971, and positive in the observed period. The natural increase in all municipalities in the observed period is negative, and the cause of negative natural increase is the decrease in the number of inhabitants in the younger age groups of both sexes. The economic development of the island experienced a change in the structure of employment by sectors of activity. A significant increase is recorded in tertiary, while the negative trend is marked by primary activities.
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Since the earliest times, the Balkans is the very complex region where meets, collides and crosses many various civilizations, cultures and religions. Ethnic and confessional pictures of the Balkans is the result of different demographic development (natural increase, migration, changed declaration of nationality) as well as the action of political, historical, geographical and other factors. Political changes in the Balkan countries, in the last decade of this century, resulted in the formation new national states, ethnocentric migration (forced and wiling), the great number of refugees and displaced persons, etc. It significantly changed the ethnic picture of the Balkan countries. At the same time, the issues of interethnic relations, and the protection of status and the rights of national minorities become very significant. Because of geostrategic and geopolitical status, of economic factor, of socio-cultural features (multiethnic, multiconfessional), of political opportunity (potential and actual ethnic conflict), as well as the great demographic differences, the Balkans was and remained very important and very complex region.
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This article presents the ethnic structure of the population of Serbia and especially etnodemographic changes in Roma population. In Serbia (excluding Kosovo and Metohia) Roma national minority account about 108,2 thousands (1,4% of the total population), according to the 2002 census results. The most important factors that affect to the number and the share of Roma are the natural increase, the migration and particularly changed declaration on national affiliation (“ethnic transfer”). Demographic development of Roma population is characterised by negative tendencies in natural movement, as well as, in the most important demographic structures (age structure of population, educational and economic structures of population, etc.). Roma are relevant national minority in Serbia as well as in the other Balkan countries. Their social, economic, political and cultural position is very difficult, as a result of their marginalization, segregation and discrimination.
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The regime of demographic reproduction in Bulgaria, having been formed throughout last three decades, along with the resultant population ageing, might have some unfavourable effects on the economy’s development alternatives. The study contains a presentation of the main results of the research on Bulgaria’s demographic development prospects to 2040. For this purpose, a review of the published demographic projections for Bulgaria covering the relevant period of time and an analysis of the methodological background and the projection results were made. The analysis made covers the main demographic indices describing the possible population development over the coming 23 years: population number according the various projection variants, distributions by sex, age groups and districts. Similar trends in the demographic development of the country are outlined in all available projections of Bulgaria’s population: persistent and significant decrease of population. Although, in a European context, Bulgaria is not alone in the group of countries, whose population is projected to be decreasing and ageing, under the conditions of free of movement of persons in EU a variety of demographic indices depends more and yet more on the country’s economic growth level and rate. The analysis of projection data on the number and demographic characteristics of the population is a condition for developing realistic and well-balanced strategies for Bulgaria’s development as well as for implementing the needed policies to achieve the targets set.
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Poljoprivredni karakter SR Srbije i dominacija seoskog stanovništva u ukupnom stanovništvu zahtevaju poklanjanje izuzetne pažnje pojavama na selu, i to, kako nauke, tako i politike. Na žalost, ne možemo reći da je naša sociološka nauka bila na visini svojih obaveza i objektivnih mogućnosti.
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An analysis of cultural change and generation gaps in the local community of the Nungon ethnic group in the state of Papua New Guinea will be the subject of the study. This ethnic group came into contact with Europeans for the first time in the mid-1930s. The pace of cultural changes within the community has been gradually increasing. For example, the local animistic cult has been replaced with Christianity, school attendance has been introduced in the villages of Nungon, travel opportunities have become more accessible, and as the mobile signal has recently been introduced, Nungon residents can now connect to the internet and access information about the globalized world. Those who remember the colonial period still live in the community and many of them are still illiterate, with only limited knowledge of Pidgin English, the lingua franca of Papua New Guinea. On the other hand, the youngest generation can study in cities or experiment with social media and share information there. The aim of the paper is not only to show intergenerational differences, but also to document the local history and its ties to particular generations and show the role the generational memory played in illiterate societies with unwritten history. The only existing written and photographic documents were created by colonial officers. The study will show the transformation of the Nungon community from the time of photographs kept in boxes to the youngest generation, which keeps photographs in mobile phones and shares them on social media.
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