The role of organizational innovation in achieving and maintaining company’s business excellence

Author(s): Andrijana Ostojić Mihić,Bahrija Umihanić,Senad Fazlović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

The dynamics of the contemporary environment with all its characteristics has greatly encouraged further research of the impact of innovation on the company’s performance due to the paradigm that defines an innovation as means to enhance the competitiveness of enterprise. Thanks to the efforts of scientists, corporate managers and owners of capital can now choose from a variety of management tools to measure the innovation and success of the enterprise. In this paper, the methodology of Croatian Innovation Score (in Croatian: Hvatski Kvocijent Inovativnosti - HKI) is applied to assess the condition and the activities undertaken in order to build innovation capacity, and an assessment of the perception of innovation at the enterprise level, whereas the methodology of BEX index (Business Excellence Index) was used to measure business excellence of an enterprise. Applying the methodology on a sample of large manufacturing companies from Bosnia and Herzegovina, the composite innovation indices and business excellence indices were first calculated. The standard multiple regression has been applied to explain the relationship between innovation and business excellence of an enterprise. The results obtained in this research are encouraging and stimulating for the managers of the studied companies to strengthen the innovation capacity in order to advance on the business excellence ranking scale.

Transgender Tapatybių Diskursas: Camp Jautrumo Realizavimas Miuzikle „Priscila, Dykumos Karalienė“

Author(s): Gintarė Narauskaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 85/2015

The article highlights the discourse of camp sensibility and analyses a 2013–2014 British musical “Priscilla, Queen of the Desert” on the basis of the theoretical perspectives of camp sensibility. Analysis of the musical reveals the way performances of drag queens implement hyperbolised practices of femininity and presents camp aesthetics by using lively, colourful and decorative visualisations – an excess and continuity of which expunges an element of subversion. The article notes that hyperbolization is characteristic not only of drag queens but also of other characters in the musical. These characters do not create a clear confrontational opposition to transgender subjects, since many characters of the musical are a part of camp.

Transgender Tapatybių Diskursas: Camp Jautrumo Realizavimas Miuzikle „Priscila, Dykumos Karalienė“

Author(s): Gintarė Narauskaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 84/2015

The article highlights the discourse of camp sensibility and analyses a 2013–2014 British musical “Priscilla, Queen of the Desert” on the basis of the theoretical perspectives of camp sensibility. Analysis of the musical reveals the way performances of drag queens implement hyperbolised practices of femininity and presents camp aesthetics by using lively, colourful and decorative visualisations – an excess and continuity of which expunges an element of subversion. The article notes that hyperbolization is characteristic not only of drag queens but also of other characters in the musical. These characters do not create a clear confrontational opposition to transgender subjects, since many characters of the musical are a part of camp.

Transgender Tapatybių Diskursas: Camp Estetikos, Lyties Performatyvumo Teorinės Perspektyvos

Author(s): Gintarė Narauskaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 82/2015

This article presents theoretical concepts of gender performativity, camp sensibility and their connection with transgenderism discourse while discussing transgenderism of drag queens. A theory of gender performativity by J. Butler is presented and in the context of this theory an aspect of gender as a practice of quotation and constant performance is emphasized. On the basis of this perception, this article stresses that there is no authentic and universally correct form of sexuality, since all subjects see sexuality as a social, historic or a cultural construct. The concept of gender performativity also turns out to be a form, which supports hegemony of naturalisation. Normalisation treats some individuals (heterosexuals, conventional men and women) as legitimate and others (transgender people, non-heterosexuals) – as improper. Continuously repeated performances maintain a traditional binarism of masculinity and femininity, stereotypes and standards which indicate characteristics of these categories. Nevertheless, the perception of constructed gender reveals an element of subversion, since it emphasizes the fact that idealized identities are created which means their status can be modified and that it is not a predetermined element but a construct. Appropriation of traditional norms and breakdown of gender binarism, which is encouraged by transgender subjects also demonstrate gender multiplicity, transgression and fragmentariness. Furthermore, emphasis should be placed on the fact that camp sensibility, which is also characterized by decorative, stylized, theatrical and elaborate camp aesthetics full of elements of parody, can be perceived as a merely aesthetic unit or become a subversive practise as well.

Determinante potražnje za životnim osiguranjem u novim zemljama članicama Europske unije: analiza panel podataka

Author(s): Mihovil Anđelinović,Petar Mišević,Ana Pavković / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2016

The paper analyzes determinants of demand for life insurance products in thirteen countries of the European Union. The expected demand determinants cover sixteen factors divided into macroeconomic, demographic, social and institutional variables. The main aim of the paper is to identify the variables that best explain variations in demand for life insurance and to draw a conclusion as to whether policy makers can contribute to the development of the life insurance market. For this purpose, an unbalanced panel model with a fixed effect for the period from 1995 to 2014 was estimated. The most important variables were macroeconomic ones, especially gross domestic product per capita. Insurance companies need to take into account demographic trends and existing economic situations in the respective economies when developing their products, and as analysis indicates, they have to make efforts in educating the population concerning the benefits of life insurance and the need for long-term savings.

Evoliucijos Teorija Krikščioniškojo Mokymo Per Spektyvoje

Author(s): Rimas Skinkaitis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 74/2013

Darwinian evolution theory has always been a subject of reflection, discussion, and even of serious quarrel. Achievements of empirical scientific research allow us to assert that this theory is more than a speculation; nevertheless, the range of problematic issues does not recede, but, on the contrary, increases. Spontaneous self-arrangement of the matter, purposeful, successive and progressive process of development without external intelligent factors or higher intellect as well as the lack of information and intermediate links, the issues of macro-evolutional process – these are only a few problems unexplainable by the theory of evolution. The Church also analyses and evaluates this interpretative theory of the origin of the world, life, and human beings and agrees with the possibility of evolution as such. But the Church grants this possibility only if evolution is not understood as a blind and spontaneous process based on some haphazard events but as a part of a divine project that was conceived and maintained by God. The Church does not consider the theory that human body has originated from animals out of line with divine Revelation but insists that the human soul is a divine gift rooted in the person by the Creator, and not the product of evolution.

Položaj starijih prisilnih migranata u Srbiji

Author(s): Vesna M. Lukić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2015

In the context of the needs and rights of older migrants, migration history is particularly important where the elderly forced migrants are twice as vulnerable. Bearing in mind the intense process of population aging in Serbia which holds the attention of scientists and experts, and the large number of refugees who immigrated in the 90-ies from the former Yugoslav republics, selected socio-demographic structures of the elderly forced migrants in Serbia were analyzed as well as the relevant legal and strategic framework. The aim was to contribute to increasing knowledge of the demographic challenges of this subpopulation of forced migrants, as well as the differences relative to the domicile aging population. The data used in this study included a contingent of forced migrants aged 65 and over, on the basis of additionally processed Census data from 2011, based on questions about the place of birth of the person, year of arrival, the country in which the person lived and the reasons for migration. Hence, the category which is the subject of research, is not defined on the basis of formal refugee status. A comparison of selected socio-demographic characteristics was made in relation to the domicile population, which in the paper means the population of Serbia without forced migrants. The research results indicate that older forced migrants in Serbia have characteristics of the general population of older people in Serbia. Their age-gender and marital structures are relatively similar. Most older women are widows who are heads of households, while a significant number are persons with disabilities as well. However, the process of aging of the elderly, present within the local population has not affected forced migrants yet, so this population is to some extent more vital. Data on the economic activity of the elderly forced migrants in Serbia point out to the lack of income as the main problem they are faced with. Older forced migrants are economically active to a lesser extent compared to the domicile elderly population, while the major differences between the two subgroups of the population are observed among the economically inactive persons. There is a noticeable smaller share of pensioners and a significantly higher share of persons who perform only housework in their households of elderly forced migrants than for the domicile aging population, largely owing to the female population. This can be explained by the lower level of female employment of forced migrants in countries of origin but could also result from the circumstances of exile. Single-person elderly households of forced migrants are twice as vulnerable in economic terms than the domicile one, which confirms the high dependence of these groups of older migrants on financial aid. The lack of income of one part of the elderly forced migrants is a consequence of the unresolved issue of pension payments from Croatia, as most of the older forced migrants in Serbia are people from that former republic of Yugoslavia. The older forced migrants in Serbia from the former Yugoslav republics are relatively few in number, but a sensitive population that has legally integrated into the community since 2001 and is facing the same challenges as the local elderly population. Due to the circumstances of refugeeism in Serbia, these persons, as opposed to older migrants in other countries, have no linguistic or cultural barriers that could potentially hinder their integration within society but also within the social welfare and health care. However, although they have all legal rights as the local population, refugeeism gives a specific earmark to the social aspects of aging of these persons, and hinders their integration into economic and social life.

Međunarodna konferencija “The Population of the Balkans at the Dawn of the 21st Century”

Author(s): Jelena N. Stojilković Gnjatović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2015

Maltusova teorija o stanovništvu kao osnov za kritiku intervencionističke države

Author(s): Marko Dokić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2014

Going by ideological debates concerning (un)justifiable state intervention, protection of individual liberty, and the question of state's role, this article analyses Malthus's theory on population. It states a thesis that theory on population leads Malthus toward the idea of a minimal state and represents a basis for criticism of an interventionist state and its paternalistic role. The article consists of an introduction, four sections and a conclusion. The introduction cites goals of the work and gives basic notes on Malthus's theory on population and its socio-historical context. Special consideration is paid on reasons that lead to desertion of his ideas with a special focus on changes within liberal ideology, that lead to dissociation from classical liberalism and a merging of liberalism with socialism. The first part examines basic principles of Malthus's theory on population – primarily the idea that the population multiply faster than the food supply, and that population, when unchecked, increases in geometrical ratio, while subsistence increases only in arithmetical ratio. Afterwards, this Malthus's idea is linked to the status of the poor, and is concluded that the state intervention is useless, being that the troubles this part of the population faces are a consequence of their own actions. Therefore, the role of the state should not be care for the poor. In the second part positive and preventive checks to population are examined. Preventive checks are further analyzed because Malthus gives them more importance. The third, central part, is dedicated to Malthus's criticism of the Poor Laws and, within it, his opposition to the state's intervention is further analyzed. According to Malthus, laws that are passed in order to improve the status of the poor have an opposite effect. Even though their aim is to decrease poverty, they increase it. Their tendency is to lead to an increase in population, without the simultaneous increase in food resources that are needed to satisfy the needs of that number of people. The poor, when given an increase in wages, tend to marry more and form families with a larger number of children that they can't support themselves. In that way, they become more dependent on the state, and this leads to an increase in poverty. The fourth part analyzes the misgivings of Malthus's theory, especially its negligence of technological advancement. And it is because of this omission that Malthus couldn't come to a different theory concerning population growth, rather than the one that he had formed. Finally, after all the important elements of Malthus's theory on population are analyzed, the importance of his thought and a theory of minimal state are examined. Stated and defended is the stance that the theory of minimal state is not value-neutral, and that the only minimal state that can exist is a liberal minimal state, and therefore Thomas Robert Malthus belongs to that tradition within the liberal thought.

Namjerni prekidi trudnoće u Republici Srpskoj: Karakteristike i uticaj na mentalno zdravlje

Author(s): Jelena Niškanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2014

Induced abortion is an important aspect of sexual and reproductive health, with potentially negative impact on physical and emotional health of women. The aim of this paper is to investigate the presence of abortion in our society, characteristics of women who had induced abortion and its impact on mental health. The results presented in this paper are part of the bigger study "Health Status, Health Needs and Utilization of Health Services", which was carried out in Republic of Srpska during 2010. Survey covered 1042 women age from 18 to 49. A standardized set of instruments in the field of sexual-reproductive and mental health (NHS, EUROHIS, ECHIM) was applied. Results indicate that 28.8 % of women had induced abortion, while nearly half of them (48.2%) had more than one abortion in their life. Induced abortion is more common among women over 38 years who already have children (97.1%) and live in rural parts of country (61.7%). Abortion is mostly preferred method of birth control among married woman (88.6%), woman with secondary school (64.5%), but is equally present among employed or unemployed woman and housewife's (around 1/3). There was a statistically significant but low correlation between current life satisfaction, mental health and induced abortion (F=8.0, p=0.000; Wilks' lambda =0.97; partial Eta-squared=0.03). More precisely, women who have had abortions have expressed higher levels of stress, lower levels of vitality, and were less satisfied with present life compared to those who did not have an abortion. High rates of induced abortion are present in Balkans countries for a long time (Rašević, 1994: 86; Rašević, 2011: 3). Higher rates of abortion, compared to the European Union and western neighbors, raises the question of presence of "abortion culture" (Rasevic and Sedlecki, 2011: 4). Abortion culture is the conse-quence of frequent use of traditional method of contraception (coitus interruptus) in combination with low availability of counseling and family planning. Lot of scientific rigorous studies indicate a specific connection between abortion and mental health without supporting attitudes which claim that abortion has a strong impact on mental health (Coleman, 2011: 183), as well as attitudes that deny any effect of abortion on mental health (APA, 2008). The results point the importance of promoting greater sexual-reproductive rights, free and responsible family planning and greater availability of contraceptives as safer methods of birth control.

Birgit Glorius, Izabela Grabowska-Lusinska, Aimee Kuvik (ured.) Mobility in Transition. Migration Patterns after EU Enlargement

Author(s): Dragana Paunović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2014

Imigracioni zakoni i razvitak useljeničkih strategija – primer Sjedinjenih Američkih Država

Author(s): Jelena R. Predojević Despić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2010

Complex relationship between international migrations and the role of social networks, as strategies of connecting developed by the migrants themselves, is very important to study from the legal point of view. The law is not a primary force in the creation of migration courses. The economic, social, political and family factors are those which have the biggest impact on migrations, whereas the legal framework regulates most of social courses which influence the passing of decisions on migration, both on the micro and macro level, and establishes possible ways of conduction of the immigration process itself. On the example of the United States of America, as the largest immigration country, in the paper was shown in which way the development of legal regulations, as the product of the political reply of a country to the needs for foreign labour, can influence the demographic, social and economic characteristics of the immigration quota, and how certain legal regulations can become a major factor of strategies of connection of certain social groups and development of social networks, not only among migrants, but also among the non-migrant population, both in the country of origin and in the country of destination, with a view to issue of an immigration work visa. One of the most important achievements of the US immigration policy is that, in time, through a series of law amendments passed in the last half a century, the legal framework has been constantly improved, which makes possible immigration or temporary stay for work and schooling to those population structures which are deemed to contribute to the social, economic and cultural progress of the country in the best way. In the last few decades, the quota of educated and skilled population from abroad has increased significantly. However, one the of the most significant shortcomings of the American immigration policy is connected to the problems of illegal migrations. The solving of the paradox between restrictive immigration measures and the structural need for unskilled jobs is a considerable challenge for political and law experts not only in the United States, but in most other immigration countries. In this way the migrants will also be enabled to expose themselves as little as possible to law violation in their immigration strategies which will always be part of migration processes.

Internal Mobility in Italy: A New Delay

Author(s): Cecilia Reynaud,Enrico Tucci / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

In Italy, internal migration has made a far more important contribution to defining the territorial distribution of the population as it is today, and as such must not be neglected.In this paper, we attempt to understand which type of migration has had the strongest influence on migration trends in recent years, what contribution the various geographical areas have made to internal migration and what effect the migration of foreigners has had. We also want to examine the characteristics of the individuals taking part in migrations.By analysing the data on changes of residence – the most frequently used source for studying internal mobility – divided by geographical area and then by geographical area of destination and origin, we can get an idea of whether migration has changed or not over the last decade. In particular, we will be analysing transfers in the years from 2003 to 2012.We constructed the in-migration and out-migration rates for each geographical area and type of migration, as well as breaking down the rates by gender, age class and citizenship, distinguishing between Italians and foreigners. Lastly, we will apply a logistical regression model to the flows, comparing the inter-area and intra-area migration types to see whether the differences are mostly attributable to the characteristics of the individuals or the situation.Migrations in Italy, which have represented a particularly important phenomenon for population distribution and trends, picked up in the 1990s before increasing once more in 2010 and reaching a particular intensity in 2012. This could be linked to the displacements recorded in the years after the census; however, the increases are too high to be explained only by this factor.Intra-provincial migrations have always been, and continue to be, the most common, probably due to a population that continues to spread throughout the territory and expand into larger areas, to the point that city borders are no longer easy to define, forming extended metropolitan areas. The other types considered, although less important from a numerical point of view, appear to be even more significant for describing the situation in Italy. Migrations between geographical areas were particularly useful for describing the strong North-South dichotomy in our country in terms of economic and social development. More recently, the return of South to North migration appears to depend not only on the differences in numbers and quality on the labour market, but also on the continuation of the economic crisis. By analysing the people who migrate in Italy, we can see that young people and foreigners play a pre-eminent role, along with a confirmation of the higher level of economic and social development in the North than the South, where women still hold a marginal position. When we analyse migration by gender, we see a higher level of participation among women, and in particular young women, although out in Northern areas, with a continued delay in long-distance migrations from the South. The role of foreigners also stood out clearly, who despite behaving in a similar way to Italians, as confirmed by the models, show some specific features such as a higher level of participation among women even in adult age classes, a high level of in-migration in Southern areas and a lower level of long-distance migrations. Like Italians, the balance of foreign migration in the South is strongly negative, but in this case the finding is due to high levels of both in-migration and out-migration.

O niskom fertilitetu iz ugla ekonomske aktivnosti ženskog stanovništva

Author(s): Ankica S. Šobot / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2014

Below replacement fertility was the outcome of changes in the education and socio-professional structure of women, as well as modifications in values and life aspirations. On the other hand, economic strengthening of women and encourage-ment of jobs which require greater dedication and more of their time are important aspects of achieving gender equality. These two circumstances gave rise to contemplations on the connection between economic activities of female population and the level of births in postindustrial societies.The aim of this article is to point out to the positive influence of female employment on the fertility level, as a capacity for encouraging births in Serbia. When observing the most developed European countries, it can be noticed that greater birth rates are noted in those countries in which there are greater economic activity and employment rates of female population. Furthermore, a series of researches and comparative analyses confirm the positive relation between female employment and fertility. The differences regarding of birth rates among European welfare states are seen as a result of the possibilities of female employment, reconciliation between work and parenthood and the division of gender roles within the family. The influence of economic activity on fertility levels is determined by an institutional framework of family support and gender equality (Engelhardt and Prskawetz, 2004, Neyer, 2006; Andersson and Scott, 2007; Rovny, A.E. 2011; Seeleib-Kaise and Toivonen, 2011).During the first decade of the 21st century, the birth rates in Serbia were by about 30% lower than in the countries which had the highest fertility within European frameworks. The traditional labor division in the household and parenthood produces conflicts between families and employment, recognized in the practices of everyday life (Blagojević, 1997; Blagojević-Hjuson, 2013) and standpoints on the relation between parenthood and employment (Ignjatović, et al., 2011). The gender inequality on the micro level represents an unfavorable social framework for making childbearing decisions due to relatively high economic activity of women. Apart from that, high unemployment of both female and male population in Serbia is yet another adverse circumstance for forming a family and making decisions on births. Also, a challenge in reversal of low birth rates are regional differences of socio-economic characteristics of the female population. In that sense, the share of economically inactive among women of reproductive age in Vojvodina and two regions in Central Serbia area (excluding the region of Belgrade), as well as lower fertility of employed and unemployed women in the Belgrade region, are imposed. Economic activity and employment of female population form a positive framework in reproductive behavior, if the conditions regarding the characteristics of gender regime are fulfilled. In such circumstances fertility is around the replacement rate, which represents the highest birth rate values in European welfare states. Having in mind high valuation of family and parenthood on one hand, and economic characteristics of the female population in Serbia on the other, the question is whether the economic activity of women is the area where encouragement of childbearing to more than two children could be influenced. The reply requires more in-depth analysis of relevant data, as well as more concrete empirical and better quality research.

The Impact of the Refugee Crisis in the Balkans: A Drift Towards Security

Author(s): Senada Šelo Šabić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

During the course of approximately one year – from early 2015 until March 2016 – over 800,000 people crossed four countries on the Western Balkan route: Macedonia, Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia. These countries’ ability to organize the refugees’ transit in an orderly manner was described as a humanitarian approach. Due to the transit nature of the passage of the refugees, the crisis could have been seen as having little impact on the countries beyond technical issues like registration, accommodation and transportation. This article, however, looks at what happened on the ground as the crisis was developing and in the year following the closure of the refugee route. It claims that the securitization of migration took place as a consequence of the refugee crisis. However, the securitization of migration in the Balkans has certain specifics. What kind of security discourse developed, and which policy measures were adopted? These aspects are analyzed in this article.

Razvoj geografije stanovništva od antropogeografskog do prostorno-analitičkog pristupa

Author(s): Milena Spasovski,Danica Šantić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2013

Population geography is a subdiscipline of Human geography and studies the distribution, concentration and density of population over the terestrial surface, as well as diferences in population size, changes and characteristics, like structures, migrations, activity etc, among some places present compared to others. Population geography has had a perscientific stage as long as human history. First modern scientific treatis of population in geography was the F. Ratzels book Antropogeography in 1882. During the first half of the XX century, French geographer Vidal de la Blanche gave a capital importance of population studies in his work Principes de Geographie Humaine. In interwar years, various aspects of population were studied. After The Second World War started the renovating movement of geography and new tendencies appear in human geography and, consequently in population geography. Attempts were made to define population geography as a separate sub-discipline. The world wide trend of treating population geography as separate discipline was expressed by publishing monographs, bibliographies and textbooks. The most significant authors who worked on defining population geography were French geographers P. George (1951, 1959), Beaujen-Garnier (1965, 1966); North-american geographers: G. Trewarta (1953, 1969), W. Bunge (1962), J. Clance (1965, 1971), W. Zelinski (1966); in Great Britain: J.I. Clarke (1965); in USSR: Ю.Г. Саушкин i Д.Н. Aнучин (1950), В.В. Покшишевский (1966), Д.И. Валентeй (1973); in Poland V. Ormotski (1931), L. Kosinski (1967) A. Jagelski (1980). Those authors and their works had the significant influence on the development of population science in the world and also in Serbia. Although the development of population geography was different in different countries and scientific research centers, we can clearly defined four stages. First stage lasted untill 1960s and was characterised by works of G.Тrewarta, H. Doerres Ю.Г. Саушкин, Д.Н. Aнучин, J. Beaujeu-Gariner. G. Trewarta argued that the population is the point of reference from which all other elements are observed and from which all derive significance and meaning. This view was adopted and shared by authors dealing with population items, explicitly or implicitly. Second stage lasted from 1960s till 1970s and the most significant authors dealing with population problems were W. Zelinsky, W. Bunge; H.Bobek, W. Hartke, K.Ruppert, F.Schaffer; Д.И. Валентeй, K.Korčak. This phase was characterized by the application of quantitative methods and efforts for understanding the spatial structure of the population. Many scientists see this development phase as a particularly prosperous period, because it carried more intensive relations of geography and demography through the introduction of statistical, mathematical and demographic methods and techniques in studies of population geography. Third phase lasted from 1970s to 1980s, and was characterized by close relations between population geography and formal demography. Development and application of GIS and computer data, have made population studies more complex and applicable in practice, through population policy and population projections. The most significant authors in this period were L. Kosinski, A. Jagelski, Hägerstrand. And at last, fourth stage started in 1980s and in many countries lastes untill present days. In population geography appeared new tendencies associated with the critique of positivism, the establishment of humanistic approaches and modifications of general geographic concepts. In this period, spatial analysis and quantitative scientific methods were reaffirmed, and because of that some population studies were redefined in spatial demography, a time dimension advocated in historical demography. In this context, we emphasize the work of D. Plane and P. Rogerson. Population geography is viewed differently from one country to another. Its definition differs from too narrow to overly broad. But two reserch areas were of particular interest to geographers – population distribution and migration. Both items acquired an international dimension. Recently, eminent population geographers excanged various view points in an attempt to provoke new thinking on subject and define the answers of new fields reserch in population geography. Population geography in the XXI Century is no longer a field comprised of spatial applications of fertility, mortality and migration only. Contemporary population geography is theoretically sophisticated, integrating spatial analysis, GIS and geo-referenced data. Future progress in the field of population geography will derive from more research at the intersections of population processes and societal issues and concerns. Major themes of future empirical researchs in population geography should be: global population growth, studies of migration, transnationalism, human security issues, population-health-environment nexus, human-environment sustainability, economic development and poverty issues.

Жизнено равнище и репродуктивно поведение на населението на България през периода на преход към пазарна икономика

Author(s): Toni Traikov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2005

Начињена анализа основних фактора и услова репродуктивног понашања становништва Бугарске показује да одлучујућу улогу имају промене у социо-економској сфери и стању животног стандарда. Стабилизација економске ситуације и побољшање материјалног положаја људи неопходни су услови за постепено враћање на позитиван однос према браку, породици и деци. Смањивање финансијских и материјалних проблема становништва треба да се спроводи заједно са превазилажењем других негативних фактора деловања, а који су повезани са проблемима у здравству, социјалном осигурању, нарушеној еколошкој ситуацији и др. Још је сложеније питање у вези са променама у демографској структури, психолошком расположењу и вредносној оријентацији. Њихово ограничено деловање на репродуктивни процес налаже да се више пажње обраћа на његову квалитативну страну кроз побољшавање услова за рађање, одгајање и васпитање деце.

Концентрација укупног и пољопривредног становништва на територији Града Београда

Author(s): Dragica Živković,Jasmina Jovanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2005

Total population growth and at the same time the decrease of the total farming workforce and changes in their distribution, had effects on changes in the population density and made distinction in the type of concentration of inhabitants within the area of the city of Belgrade. These facts exist as the most prominent indicators of the present qualitative and quantitative territorial and demographic relations. Uneven territorial distribution and the concentration of inhabitants (total and total economically active population) is the result of primarily socioeconomic factors (the transformation of the economic structure). An entire area distribution and redistribution of the farming workforce influenced the arrangement of districts with different types of concentration of inhabitants. Changes, which happened in the type of concentration of inhabitants in 1971 and 2002, in the total number of inhabitants and in the total number of active farming workforce, emerged as the consequence of existing tendencies of the demographic and economic development in the area of the city of Belgrade and the institutional changes after the Second World War.

Утицај миграционе компоненте на трансформацију Брзог Брода

Author(s): Marija Martinović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2005

People`s migrations have played important part in the development of Brzi Brod. Their score and intensity are directly connected to the overall socio-economic development. The same reason we can find in those happening on large scale in the contemporary phase of Brzi Brod. Migrations of the inhabitants of Brzi Brod are the key factor for the transformation of settlement. It has had the most important impact on the change of demography (intensive growth of the total population, change of the demographic structure, demographic movements etc.), morph-physiognomic (the special development of settlement, changes in the appearance of the settlement etc.) and functional character of Brzi Brod (the growth of functional capacity, development of new developed functions, weakling of the farming function etc.).

Главна просторно-демографска обележја старачких домаћинстава у насељима Заплањa

Author(s): Marija Martinović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2006

One of the main characteristics of the settlements in Zaplanje, since the Second World War, has been the negative developing trend of demographic complex. With the decrease of population number together with an intensive process of demographic ageing, there emerged a significant increase in overall number of the old-people households. Since Zaplanje is at the top on the list of Serbian territories with high proportion of old-people households in the total number of households, this article shows the spatial distribution of old-people households with their demographic characteristics.