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KAKAOLU SÜTÜN SPORCU BESLENMESİNDE TAKVİYE GIDA OLARAK KULLANIMI

Author(s): Kerim Bakan,Anna Suza,Onur Oral,George Nomikos,Berkcan Boz,Nuray Öztaşan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 31/2016

Increasing industrialization and lead to an increase in the production of new sports supplement products.But such products are discovered on behalf of the losses no longer tolerate the loss of products is increasing orientation given to the traditional diet. In the beginning of the required nutritional value of traditional foods as well as secondary reasons to show a protective effect of milk has come to the fore. Probiotic products in the milk that may stop carcinogenic formation after making sports.And also, cocoa has positive feature large in the recovery process in milk with cocoa. The consumption of chocolate milk wil give many benefit to the recovery process and prevent ion of muscle damage after training is important. It contains it is common among athletes with its the nutritional value

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OSTEOPOROZ ve EGZERSİZ

Author(s): Onur Oral,P. Solmaz Hasdemir,Anna Suza,Ozkan Isik,Murat Yıldız,Nurten Dinc / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 29/2016

Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic bone disease that reduces the quality of life and can increase the risk of mortality. It typically occurs after the age of 45 and worsens over time Risk factors in addition to age are the lack of vitamin D, an inactive lifestyle, poor nutrition, smoking and alcohol use. Because the lack of vitamin D is a huge OP risk factor, people who are at a greater risk of vitamin D deficiency should take vitamin D supplements to minimize that risk. Preventive precautions, such as lowering these risk factors, could be helpful in controlling the disease. High treatment costs make OP a major concern for both patients and healthcare providers. Patient awareness about the disease could increase both adaptationto treatment and quality of life. And it is important to increase the awareness of OP via informative meetings and workshop activities that may help in screening individuals who are at greater risk of developing OP before osteoporotic fractures occur.

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SPORCU BESLENMESİNDE RESVERATROLÜN ÖNEMİ

Author(s): Onur Oral,Kerim Bakan,Oğuzhan Tuna,Yakup Aktaş,Anna Suza,İnci Banu Ayca / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2016

Resveratrol which is a strong antioxidant is effective on cancer, heart diseases as well as obesity and even growing old earlier. If resveratrol is used by the ones who exercise, it will make them perform better and be positively effective on their cells healing which are damaged as a result of excess oxygen consuming. The aim of this study is to investigate the importance of sports nutrition that include antioxidants which are very important for metabolic and and kinosiologic activity. It is supposed that, as being supported by antioxidants regularly may improve antioxidant system’s activities in body struggling with reactive oxygen types and free radicals.

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Obszar parafii jako czynnik źródłotwórczy rejestracji metrykalnej w dekanacie Kazimierz na przełomie XVIII i XIX wieku

Author(s): Piotr Rachwał,Bogumił Szady / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article presents the problem of registering certificates of the congregation of the Kazimierz Deanery outside the native parish. According to the accepted hypothesis the scale of the phenomenon depended on the distance between the nearest church and the place of residence. The research has been based on many sources. In total, the author shave examined the certificates from 13 out of 15 parishes making up the deanery of Kazimierz in the 18th century and additionally a few neighbouring parishes. The collected material has been analysed with the use of the GIS instruments. The results suggest that the scale of the phenomenon was not big. In the case of baptisms, the median of the children baptised outside their native parish was at the level of 3.1. No clear correlation between the number of baptisms and the distance has been detected. On the basis of the results it is possible to conclude that the decisive role in the choice of the place of administering sacraments was the so-called parish coercion. In order to obtain more precise data it seems necessary to enlarge the research basis with certificates from other parishes of the Lublin Voivodeship and to take into consideration a bigger number of the variables that influenced the scale of registering outside the native parish in the statistical analysis.

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EKONOMICZNO-SPOŁECZNE SKUTKI ZMIAN DEMOGRAFICZNYCH W POLSCE

Author(s): Adrianna Mastalerz-Kodzis,Ewa Pośpiech / Language(s): Polish Issue: 45/2/2016

The aim of the paper is to analyze the dynamic demographic changes that are observed in Poland from 2004 to 2014. General tendencies in Polish population age structure were shown. Besides, some dependencies between demographic variables and selected economic indicators were presented as well as the influence of the demographic changes on economic and social phenomena were indicated. The article consists of two parts. In the first one methods used in analyses were shown, the second one includes the most important results of research, among others, the changes of HDI index in Poland and in the world and LHDI index in Polish regions were presented.

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FROM EXTENSION TO INTRUSION: A MEDIAL PARADIGM SHIFT?

Author(s): A. Peter Maaswinkel / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2017

McLuhan's definition of media as an extension of human senses and bodies leads us to the complementary notion of contraction, which he describes as an implosion. In this context, the present contribution deals with the question of the media with a receiver function. They are mostly to be found in body proximity. With an increasing frequency, however, media get implanted too. As a consequence of this intrusion, man and machine get into an increasingly close symbiosis regarding the field of communication. That’s why, as a reference to the broadly formulated media definition by Luhmann, the connection between technology and biology is discussed under the scope of systemics. The connection of trivial and autopoietic media is illustrated by several examples, many of which come from the field of neuroprosthetics. The question about a paradigm shift of the relationship between the nature of humans and the media therefore arises.

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Jakość jako element zarządzania konkurencyjnością szkoły wyższej

Author(s): Maciej Dębski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

The aim of the paper is to present the specificity of quality as a competitiveness tool in higher education sector. Moreover author tests hypotheses, assuming growing importance of quality in the management of the university. Article’s objective has been achieved through the study of literature and interviews, which were conducted with 16 persons responsible for the management of the education process in different universities.

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Śmierć komórki – znaczenie dla organizmu Konspekt zajęć edukacyjnych

Author(s): Aleksandra Szydłowska,Ilona Żeber-Dzikowska,Urszula Poziomek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

Nauczyciel przedstawia cele oraz planowany przebieg lekcji, formułuje pytanie (które jest jednocześnie tematem zajęć), na które w trakcie zajęć uczniowie będą starali się znaleźć odpowiedź. Uczniowie dzielą się na dwu- lub trzyosobowe grupy, każda z grup otrzymuje materiały źródłowe na temat nekrozy i apoptozy. Po zapoznaniu się z materiałami źródłowymi uczniowie w grupach dyskutują odpowiedź na pytanie badawcze i dobór odpowiednich argumentów, wypełniają karty pracy. W podsumowaniu wybrani uczniowie przedstawią stanowisko grupy (odpowiedź na pytanie) wraz z merytoryczną argumentacją. Ważne jest, że nie ma jednoznacznej odpowiedzi na to pytanie, warto zwrócić na to uwagę uczniom w podsumowaniu

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Izravni demografski gubici Hrvata Hercegovine u ratu od 1991. do 1995. godine

Author(s): Žarko Dugandžić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 93-94/2017

The paper analyses the direct demographic losses of Croatian population during the war period from 1991. to 1995. Human loss is definitely the severest consequence of the war. Therefore, it is identifying the extent of direct demographic losses that draws special attention. According to availability of resources and literature of direct demographic losses, they will be divided into two categories: a) members of Croatian Defence Council (HVO) and Croatian Army (HV), b) civilians as victims of Homeland War. The existing available data of Homeland War from 1991. to 1995. state that 1 588 Croats from Herzegovina, 11% of whom were women, died during the war. Regarding the status of a victim, 79% refers to Croatian soldiers, whereas 21% were civilians. The direct demographic losses are characterised by both time and spatial selectivity.

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Hrvatski jezik kao čimbenik u zaštiti demografske perspektive Hrvata

Author(s): Šimun Musa,Marija Musa / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 93-94/2017

Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina are characterised by a strong collective and individual awareness of the idea that they are speakers of Croatian language and that they belong to Croatian language community. However, the territory of that language community has often been unstable and dependent and, therefore, exposed to various administrative solutions, socio-political tendencies or imposed language policies. It is known that language policy is defined by a social group in power using institutional means and methods by which they influence public communications without violating individual and collective identities. Since Bosnia and Herzegovina is a complex sociolinguistic structure where one language community is increasing (Bosnian), the second is stable (Serbian), and the third one is decreasing (Croatian), it should have language policies which would coordinately exist at the state level. That kind of policy would, proving its democratic being, defend a weaker language community, which is not as numerous but it is as sovereign and constituent as the other two language communities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Raising awareness of language as an essential constituent part of national being is a primary social goal that needs to be achieved by both linguistic and non-linguistic means. Croatian language community is in decline for many reasons: war period, economic migrations, territory reduction, birth rate reduction etc. Its vitality should be supported by demographic policy which would include “planning the status of a language” to ensure equality in different areas of public communication such as administration, politics, education, science, media, and cultural and social area of life in general. The most important function of a language is to enable a speaker to express his/her personal as well as his/her social and national identity. In that wholeness of human being and its subjectivity, language vitality, on which demographic perspective of a nation is based, is crucial.

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Uloga obiteljskih poljoprivrednih gospodarstava (OPG-a) u razvitku ruralnih područja i sprječavanju depopulacije sela

Author(s): Marko Ivanković,Ivan Jurilj / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 93-94/2017

The entire Bosnia and Herzegovina is faced with negative demographic trends, and the process of accelerated emigration in search for better living conditions. Some regions have traditionally been oriented to go on temporary work abroad e.g., the area of western Herzegovina. The possibilities of going to Croatia, where some have family ties, and the possibility of free travel to the European Union, after the Republic of Croatia became a member of the European Union, only accelerate this process. To that end, the authors in this paper analyse the role of family farms and rural development as opportunities to mitigate these trends. Family farms and rural development in this paper are specifically observed through the prism of the common agricultural policy of the European Union for the period 2014-2020. About half of the EU population lives in rural areas, while about half of the EU’s land is cultivated. Also, 97% of EU farms can be categorized as a family farms, covering about 69% of agricultural land in the EU. To that end, it can be concluded that family farms are the key to maintaining the vitality of rural life and the rural economy in Europe. Unlike the EU, the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina is drastically different. While Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the most rural countries in Europe, the majority of rural households do not work in agriculture and agriculture has very little income. Rural development is not yet well established as a result of the lack of quality system of incentives, and the lack of consistent policies for rural development. However, it is evident that there are tremendous opportunities for affirmation of rural development, where family farms can be one of the most important links in the mitigation of depopulation trends. This is particularly important because the development of tourism opens up the possibility of integration of family farms in the tourism supply and demand, and diversification of economic activities in rural areas and development of short supply chains.

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Važnost medijskog sustava za opstojnost Hrvata u BiH

Author(s): Milan Vego / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 93-94/2017

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a multinational state in which media system has undergone fundamental changes after the breakup of Yugoslavia. The author illustrates it with the fact that before 1990 there were RTV BiH, 52 local radio stations, one daily newspaper, an evening gazette, a morning gazette and a monthly newspaper in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 1998, according to research by the IMC and the Media Plan* there were 431 different media. The media system “was split along national lines” by which the Croatian people were deprived of many relevant issues. The Croatian people had neither television stations nor printed media while the situation with radio stations in the state was somewhat better (6 local radio stations). The 1990s war and national conflicts reflected in the professionalism of the media in a way that each constituent nation in BiH presented its own “truth”. The paper covers the important issues of the media system, which has also been within the scope of interest of the international community, as well as the relationships of the constituent nations and other citizens in BiH. It highlights the importance of media issue in BiH and the long-standing demand of Croats for equality in terms of language and culture, emphasizing that even national minorities have a legal right to media in their own language. The author concludes that the media system is relevant for the existence of all nations, especially the smallest ones. The author criticizes the Dayton Accords, Annex 4, the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, pursuant to which the international community has established a media system, and proposes a new solution to the mutual satisfaction of all in BiH.

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Od poczęcia do śmierci. Scenariusz lekcji wychowania do życia w rodzinie

Author(s): Katarzyna Kubaś,Marta Sowińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2014

Znajomości organizmu ludzkiego i zachodzących w nim zmian oraz akceptacja własnej płciowości; przyjęcie integralnej wizji ludzkiej seksualności; umiejętność obrony własnej intymności i nietykalności seksualnej oraz szacunek dla ciała innej osoby.

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The formative role of media and social transformation on attitudes to sex education

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The formative role of media and social transformation on attitudes to sex education

Author(s): Karolina Czerwiec,Katarzyna Potyrala / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

Issues regarding sexuality should be considered against their biological and social context. Trends in educational change result from new understanding and social and cultural transformation. Questions have arisen about a new model for sex education in view of social transformation and the increasing role of media in attitude formation (Chomczyńska-Miliszkiewicz, 2002; Giddens, 2007; Izdebski, Wąż, 2011). The hypothesis is that informal sources of information on human sexuality significantly influence formal education in this respect through shaping teacher and student attitudes and popularisation of specific knowledge and behaviour models. The verification of this hypothesis was attempted in the study reported here, involving 101 teachers and student biology teachers. This educational experiment included a diagnostic survey and a focused interview. Thurston’s scale was applied. Conclusions from the study suggested recommendations regarding sex education at various stages of education and revealed new areas for research on the educational role of social transformation.

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Trendy czasowe umieralności ogółem oraz z powodu głównych grup przyczyn: chorób układu krążenia, nowotworów złośliwych oraz przyczyn zewnętrznych w Polsce na tle sytuacji w krajach UE15

Author(s): Bogdan Wojtyniak,Jakub Stokwiszewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The aim of the study was to analyze the level and dynamics of changes in mortality from all causes of death as well as the main groups of causes i.e. cardiovascular diseases, cancer and external causes in Poland in the years 1999– 2013 compared to the situation in the group of 15 countries that make up the European Union before the accession of new members in 2004. The analysis was carried out for the total population, people aged 25– 64 years and older population of people aged 65 years and more. The results of the analysis indicate a gradual improvement of the health status of the Polish population as evidenced by the declining fairly steadily mortality rates from main causes of death for people in the younger as well as older age groups. At the same time it should be stressed that, compared with the situation in the EU15 situation we observe in Poland cannot be regarded as satisfactory particularly in the case of men of working age. Certainly cardiovascular diseases have to be considered as one of the most important health problems in Poland being a major threat to the life of Polish population which, while systematically decreasing, is still significantly higher than in most European Union countries. In addition, the pace of decline in mortality rates due to these diseases when compared to the situation in the EU15 is still too slow to achieve in the real future average level of mortality in those countries. It should be noted that excess mortality from cardiovascular disease in men and women in Poland in relation to the inhabitants of EU15 countries is much larger than in the case of cancer mortality which proves the urgent need for more intensive and better targeted health policy in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

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DARWIN’S THEORY OF BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION SEEN FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF MODERN PHYSICS

Author(s): Aldona Krupska / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2013

This paper aims to show the influence of 20th century quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity on the philosophical problems of Darwin’s theory of biological evolution. Evolution as a non-relativistic being can be attributed only to the process as a whole. Quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity are not compatible with the evolution process of separate elements of the system. It seems to be in contradiction to Darwin’s theory of evolution as a slow and gradual process of separate elements in the biological system. According to many scientists and philosophers of science the Darwin’s theory does not explain the whole Universe evolution as well as does not explain the origin of life. Explanation of events and processes, reliance on concepts not laws, refutation of typology by Darwin theory of evolution are not established by standards of scientific reasoning. Many scientific facts from modern physics indicate that Darwin’s theory of evolution is in crisis.

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Critical factors of e-commerce development

Author(s): Arnoldina Pabedinskaitė / Language(s): English Issue: 05/2013

This paper analyses the factors affecting the development of e-commerce. Based on an analysis of scientific sources, the following factors and indicators reflecting them have been chosen for the quantitative analysis of the impact of external environment factors: technological factors – Internet access, the demographic structure of the population, namely, ratio of women to men in the population, ratio of working-age to non-working-age population, computer and Internet literacy of the population; economic factors – GDP, the employment rate, minimum wage and consumption expenditure per capita. The correlation analysis performed on the basis of the EU-27 data shows the highest correlation coefficients between the volume of e-commerce and the Internet usage, computer and Internet literacy, employment rate and the minimum wage. A strong relationship is also between the scale of e-commerce and the integrated Networked Readiness Index as well as the favourability of the ICT environment in a specific country.

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Generation Z and its perception of work

Author(s): Maria-Cristina Iorgulescu / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2016

One of the major demograhic phenomenon registered in the present times is represented by the aging of the Romanian population and, consequently, of the workforce, this issue having several implications for the human resource management in organizations. As generation Z prepares to enter the labor market, managers will be facing a set of generational differences between their employees. As a result, the paper presents the characteristics of generation Z, as highlighted by recent studies. Moreover, the paper presents the results of a survey based on a questionnaire adressed to university students, members of generation Z. The results of the study highlight generation Z perception of the ideal workplace and working conditions, the main priorities in selecting a job and its career expectations and aspirations. The implications of the study, as well as future research directions are discussed.

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Spatial Analysis of Income Poverty and Social Exclusion in European Union - 28 in 2014

Author(s): Erik Šoltés,Tatiana Šoltésová,Tatiana Hrivikova / Language(s): English Issue: 46/2016

The aim of the article is to compare the conditions of income poverty and social exclusion in the European Union – 28 member countries in 2014 in terms of 3 dimensions: income poverty and income inequality, material deprivation and labour market exclusion. Each dimension is mapped by means of several indicators, majority of which is used for monitoring progress of Europe 2020 strategy in the area of poverty and social exclusion. Due to correlations among the indicators, we used factor analysis to create mutually independent factors determined by several source indicators. The factors characterize the particular dimensions, and serve as a basis for a cluster analysis used in the article, in order to gain relatively homogeneous clusters of European Union - 28 countries in terms of income poverty and social exclusion, while countries of various clusters would significantly differ in one or more dimensions. Regarding the observed dimensions, the resulting findings provide a rather comprehensive view of the conditions of poverty and social exclusion in the European Union. The paper puts emphasis on the visualisation of results obtained by statistical methods, therefore, the analyses were carried out by means of SAS JMP.

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Population Dynamics: Geographical Differences in Countries of the Baltic Sea Region

Author(s): Andrey P. Klemeshev,Tatiana Yuryevna Kuznetsova,Gennady Mikhaylovich Fedorov / Language(s): English Issue: 46/2016

Prior to the 1990s, the population of all states of the Baltic region increased in spite of the countries’ natural, social, economic and political differences. Since then, the cross-country particularities have become significant due to the increased differences of both natural and, in particular, migratory population movements. Using the graphical-analytical methods and typology analysis techniques, the authors analyze demographics of the nine countries of the region and identify their demographic types by features of the specific components of their population dynamics. The article presents the main reasons for the qualitative differences. It is noted that the concept of the Second demographic transition cannot be applied at least to a part of the Baltic region, and the attention should be paid to the interdependence of economic and demographic processes.

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