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In recent decades, Iraqi historical cities have witnessed substantial urban and social changes that have turned them into unattractive places for living and investment, and where development potential has been ignored. The weakness of strategic plans regarding the consideration of the present urban development strategies has led to the random growth of the city, the distortion of cultural heritage sites and the quality of life in cities, generating social and environmental problems. That is why there is a need for the foundation of a territorial development strategy of Iraq and the studied area - the Diyala region and the city of Baquba, which is in accordance with the objectives of sustainable development at the world level and with modern urban regeneration approaches, which implies the improvement of the historical identity and cultural. The outcome of the development strategy of Dyala region and Baquba city must reflect the objectives of sustainable development and have a clear vision and strategic objectives in the short and medium term.
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The Russia-Ukraine conflict has considerably slowed the construction sector's recovery from the global COVID-19 lockdown. Because of rising debt levels, the short-term picture is uncertain. Both public and private sector initiatives will face challenges, with government funds devoted to efforts to address acute socioeconomic crises, and high building material prices rendering private sector projects unviable. Global climate change and global warming are problems that affect everyone, every country, and everything alive. It is a challenge felt in every sector, from agriculture to water supply and sustainable land management, from unemployment to economic stability, from democracy to security, and especially in the health sectorThe current decade has been defined by the fight against inequality, epidemics, and climate change. Technological advancements, such as digitalization and automation, will continue to have an impact on all parts of our life.
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From the emergence of the concept of sustainable development to the present day, this model of development has been a global policy with economic, social and environmental implications, of major importance for our common good. Achieving sustainable development goals requires a holistic, long-term approach. The realization of the sustainable development vision and the monitoring of progress are based on indicators of achievement that need to be linked to specific actions over a time horizon. Identifying the right indicators and interpreting them is crucial. This paper provides an overview of the challenge of measuring indicators for monitoring progress on sustainable development and is a starting point for future in-depth analysis of the indicators associated with the 17 SDGs and the criteria for their selection.
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The notion of smart cities has emerged as an essential solution for tackling the significant challenges facing contemporary society, including rapid urbanization, climate change and globalization. Smart cities harness state-of-the-art technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to enhance various aspects of urban life, spanning from living conditions and work environments to information accessibility, social interactions and environmental sustainability. This technological integration offers numerous benefits, accelerating infrastructure development and improving residents' quality of life. Standardization and the incorporation of international standards, such as ISO 37120, ISO 37122 and ISO 37123 play a crucial role in assessing city performance. Romania's adoption of these standards represents a significant step towards evaluating and improving its cities. However, for efficacious implementation, it is imperative to develop implementation guidelines and provide support and training to local authorities. A comprehensive list of 95 performance indicators, categorized into six domains, can provide cities with essential tools for assessing and monitoring their progress towards becoming smart cities and promoting sustainable development. Customizing these indicators to match the unique characteristics of each city and fostering close collaboration with local communities, organizations and experts are crucial aspects for shaping and overseeing strategic objectives that positively influence the quality of life and sustainable urban development. This personalized approach is vital for the successful realization of smart cities.
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Every political-military competition, conflict or war after 2014, already is hybrid. “Hybrid threat” is an umbrella term for the coordinated actions of a coalition of military and nonmilitary, state and nonstate, national and supranational actors in the info-cognitive, diplomatic-political, financial-economic and military spheres, in peace, during the crisis and in war, against the interests of a national state (or a coalition of states). Thestate-backed hybrid threat applies the concept of “smart power” in a destructive manner. “The opposing forces”, through public cognitive manipulations, can achieve a national state deception, can blame another actor/s as a hybrid threat and destabilization source, and to excuse their own actions. The counteraction of a Hybrid threat by disunited societies, societies that difficulty formulate common goals and are not unanimous at threat recognition, is extremely difficult and/or impossible.
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