AN OBSERVATION STUDY OF 2030 VISION IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN SAUDI ARABIA

Author(s): Safar Bakheet Almudara / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2019

"Vision 2030 implemented by Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) aims to provide education that builds children’s fundamental characteristics and establishes empowering health and social care systems. Furthermore, the engagement of the best educational institutions is one of the main principles of success. By 2020, KSA aims to engage 80% of parents in the school activities and learning processes of their children along with educational institutions. In line with this, observations were conducted in schools in three cities from three provinces in KSA. In this observational study, changes related to Vision 2030 were examined in multiple periods of 32 schools according to the type of instructions provided to students. More than 70% of all schools focused on providing knowledge to students. Alternative active learning methods, particularly those that were proven to be highly effective teaching and learning processes, were relatively ignored. Furthermore, few teachers were found to have undergone higher education and training. Nevertheless, some teachers were found to systematically attempt to address students’ issues from either a social influence or career guidance perspective. These findings suggest that if the efficiency of institutions is improved in the future, administrators would have to essentially transform teaching approaches."

Analiza kolejowych przewozów intermodalnych w Polsce w latach 2010-1016

Author(s): Anna Piszcz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 115/2017

The development of intermodal transport in Poland has been noticeable in recent years. Railroad transport is most often used. Intermodal transport is still struggling with many barriers, but increasingly the infrastructure and policies of the European Union, which creates sustainable transport, have a positive impact on the growth of transport cohabitation. The aim of the study is to analyze the functioning of intermodal railways in Poland in the years 2010-2016. Forecasts have also been developed for this type of transport technology.

Analiza Nacrta Zakona o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o javnim nabavkama Bosne i Hercegovine

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bosnian / Publication Year: 2013

ZJN koji je donesen 2004. godine je nužno mijenjati. Izmjene ZJN su potrebne zato što je neophodno usklađivanje sistema javnih nabavki u BiH sa pravnim naslijeđem Evropske unije. Pored toga, ZJN mora pretrpjeti izmjene kako bi bolje odgovorio specifičnostima bosanskohercegovačkog društva. Može se reći da Nacrt ZJN koji je predložila Agencija nije idealno rješenje u pogledu prilagođavanja sistema javnih nabavki u BiH sa pravom Evropske unije i specifičnostima svojstvenim za BiH. Svejedno, Nacrt ZJN koji je pripremila Agencija uz provedene javne konsultacije, predstavlja najozbiljnu osnovu za kreiranje boljeg sistema javnih nabavki u BiH. S druge strane, Nacrt ZIDZJN koji je uputio SDP, predstavlja rješenje koje dotiče samo mali broj problema u sistemu javnih nabavki u BiH. Nekim od prijedloga iznesenim u Nacrtu ZIDZJN treba posvetiti pažnju, i sigurno bi trebali imati mjesta u budućoj reformi sistema javnih nabavki u BiH. Tu se misli na neophodnost definisanje sadržaja žalbe u ZJN, odnosno na uvođenje plaćanja naknade za podnošenje žalbe. Međutim, analizom Nacrta ZIDZJN stiče se dojam da je ključni cilj predlagača, ipak bila reorganizacija Ureda, tj. otvaranje filijala Ureda u Banja Luci i Mostaru. Iako predložene izmjene i dopune u Nacrtu ZIDZJN, koje se odnose na sadržaj žalbe i uvođenje naknade prilikom podnošenja žalbe, sa sobom nose određene probleme i nedoumice, ipak se može reći da reorganizacija Ureda sa sobom nosi najveći broj kontraverzi. Tačno je da Ured, kao što se to jasno vidi iz statistike, zaprima na godišnjem nivou najveći broj žalbi u poređenju sa državama u regionu. Tačno je također da je na godišnjem nivou broj podnesenih žalbi u stalnom porastu, što stvara ozbiljan problem za pravovremeno procesuiranje podnešenih žalbi. Međutim, upitno je da li otvaranje filijala Ureda u Mostaru i Banja Luci najbolji odgovor na ovaj problem. Ured u svom godišnjem izvještaju o radu akcentira problem velikog broja žalbi, ali ne preporučuje otvaranje novih filijala u Banja Luci i Mostaru, pa čak šta više ne predlaže ni povećanje broja članova Ureda. Ured preporučuje povećanje broja dodatnog osoblja ili promjenu pravila o prekovremenom radu, kao način na koji bi se efikasnije rješavale pristigle žalbe. Također je evidentno da Agencija u Nacrtu ZJN ne predlaže otvaranje novih filijala. Iz izvještaja o radu Ureda za proteklih nekoliko godina se može vidjeti da je vrlo mali broj žalbi riješen izvan zakonom određenih rokova. Ako se uzmu u obzir podaci iz izvještaja o radu Ureda u pogledu poštivanja rokova, onda nije jasno sa kojim se informacijama rukovodio predlagač Nacrta ZIDZJN kada je u obrazloženju negativno ocijenio rad Ureda. Tačnije, u obrazloženju se navodi da: „Postupci javne nabavke bi bili kraće obustavljeni i postizala bi se veća efikasnost u radu ugovornih organa, koji sada zbog neefikasnosti Ureda za razmatranje žalbi u toku jedne budžetske godine nisu u mogućnosti odabrati dobavljača i utrošiti sredstva planirana u budžetu.“ Pored toga, u obrazloženju Nacrta ZIDZJN, predlagač navodi, misleći tu ponajprije na formiranje filijala Ureda u Banja Luci i Mostaru, da bi „Predloženo rješenje omogućilo da se žalbeni postupci u konkurentskim zahtjevima rješavaju brzo ne opterećujući cijeli Ured za razmatranje žalbi, koji bi u tom slučaju imao više vremena za pripremu i odlučivanje u složenijim postupcima.“ Dakle, na osnovu informacija koje nudi Ured nije moguće dati podršku rješenjima iz člana 1 Nacrta ZIDZJN. Tačnije, predloženo zakonsko rješenje, po kojem bi se osnovale nove filijale Ureda u Banja Luci i Mostaru, sa po pet novih članova i dodatnim uposlenicima u filijalama, nije adekvatan odgovor na problem zaostataka u rješavanju podnesenih žalbi i kršenju odredaba o rokovima. Problem zaostataka u rješavanju žalbi, kako se vidi iz izvještaja o radu Ureda, je prisutan, isto kao i problem nepoštivanja zakonom određenih rokova za rješavanje žalbi. Ipak, izgleda da su ovi problemi takve prirode, da su adekvatniji prijedlozi za njihovo prevazilaženje koji su dali Ured i Agencija. Ured je predložio povećanje izvršioca, dok Agencija u Nacrtu ZJN predlaže povećanje broja članova sa šest na sedam članova. Dakle, niti jedna od ove dvije institucije, koje su dobro upoznate sa problemom procesuiranja žalbi, nije predložila rješenje dato u članu 1 Nacrta ZIDZJN, odnosno osnivanje filijala Ureda u Banja Luci i Mostaru. Osnivanje filijala Ureda u Banja Luci i Mostaru, pored toga što bi prouzrokovalo dodatne troškove vezane za upošljavanje novih deset članova, kao i dodatnog osoblja, vjerovatno bi rezultiralo stvaranjem problema neujednačene prakse u ova tri tijela koja bi odlučivala o podnesenim žalbama. Trenutno, ne postoji mehanizam u ZJN, niti je predviđen u Nacrtu ZIDZJN, kojim bi se problem harmoniziranja prakse adekvatno riješio. U svakom slučaju, ovo je dodatni razlog zbog kojeg bi trebalo razmisliti da li je rješenje predloženo u članu 1 Nacrta ZIDZJN, kojim se predviđa osnivanje filijala u Banja Luci i Mostaru, adekvatno. U pogledu člana 3 Nacrta ZIDZJN, kojim se reguliše pitanje visine naknada koje se moraju platiti prilikom podnošenja žalbi, potrebno je reći da se radi o zakonskom rješenju koje bi za posljedicu moralo imati smanjenje broja žalbi pred Uredom. Obaveza plaćanja naknade prilikom podnošenja žalbi bi trebala rezultirati time da će žalbe ulagati samo oni koji mogu biti apsolutno sigurni u nezakonit postupak i vlastiti pravni uspjeh zbog provrede postupka odabira najboljeg ponuđača. Činjenica je da BiH prednjači u broju podnesenih žalbi u postupcima javnih nabavki u poređenju sa drugim zemljama u okruženju, te da sve ostale zemlje u okruženju imaju odredbe koje regulišu obavezu uplaćivanja naknada prilikom podnošenja žalbi. Ove dvije činjenice navode na zaključak da je opravdano uvođenje naknada kod podnošenja žalbi. Međutim, visina naknada kako to predviđa član 3 Nacrta ZIDZJN, premašuje visinu naknada u zemljama u okruženju. Usporedbom ekonomskih prilika u BiH sa ekonomskim prilikama u zemljama u okruženju ne ide u prilog tako visoko određene naknade za ulaganje žalbi u BiH. Ovo nije jedina činjenica koja ukazuje na potrebu da se visine naknada smanje na neke razumne iznose. Ne treba zaboraviti da samo uvođenje naknada za pokretanje žalbi sa sobom nosi i druge kontraverze. Naime, uvođenjem naknada za ulaganje žalbi, pogotovo ako su iznosi naknada visoki, ograničava se broj nezadovoljnih ponuđača u žalbenom postupku koji imaju razloga da smatraju da je u postupku javnih nabavki došlo do kršenja zakonskih odredaba. Ovim se u određenoj mjeri stvara klima koja ne ide u korist kontroli rada ugovornih organa. U krajnjoj liniji, nedostatak adekvatne kontrole može biti katalizator koruptivnog ponašanja. Kada je u pitanju problem efikasnog procesuiranja velikog broja žalbi podnesenih Uredu, može se reći da bi kombinovanjem mjera predloženih u Nacrtu ZIDZJN moglo pridonijeti njegovom rješavanju. Ovdje se prije svega misli na dopunu ZJN tako da se jasno definiše sadržaj žalbe, te da se uvedu naknade prilikom podnošenja žalbi. Ovo pod uslovom da se pitanje sadržaja žalbe uredi adekvatnije, i ako bi se visine naknada smanjile na razumne iznose. Prva mjera bi mogla rezultirati podnošenjem urednijih žalbi, što bi olakšalo rad Ureda, dok bi druga mjera doprinijela kontroli rasta broja žalbi. Ipak bi se ovim mjerama morala dodati i treća mjera, tj. nužno bi bilo da se ojačaju kapaciteti Ureda. Ovo podrazumijeva upošljavanje dodatnih izvršilaca u Uredu u Sarajevu. Novim mjerama bi se olakšao rad Ureda, a rezultat bi bio brže procesuiranje žalbi. Istovremeno bi Ured sačuvao svoju osnovnu funkciju da putem razmatranja podnesenih žalbi, kontroliše da li ugovorni organi postupaju u skladu sa ZJN.

Analiza Nacrta Zakona o Sudovima BiH

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bosnian / Publication Year: 2014

Draft Law on Courts of B&H, created within the framework of the Structured Dialogue with the European Union on judiciary in B&H, is a piece of legislation significantly changing the current structure of the state judiciary in B&H. On the one hand it creates a new State level Court – The Higher Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which may seem as the first step to the creation of a future Supreme Court of B&H, so needed in the fragmented judicial system in B&H. However, upon a closer look at its provisions, the Draft Law deviates to a large extent from the initial idea of simply detaching the Appellate Division of the Court of B&H into a separate court, for reasons of its perceived lack of independence. The Draft Law encroaches considerably upon the competencies, composition, organization and way of functioning of the existing Court of B&H, which was far from the guiding principles expressed at the beginning of the Structured Dialogue in B&H, within which the Draft Law was created. All of this brings into question the purpose of this piece of legislation and the effects it might have on disempowering the State Judiciary in B&H and undermining overall efficiency and independence of State judicial institutions.

ANALIZA PORÓWNAWCZA MODELOWANIA LOGITOWEGO I LINIOWEJ FUNKCJI DYSKRYMINACYJNEJ W OCENIE RYZYKA UPADŁOŚCI SPÓŁEK GIEŁDOWYCH

Author(s): Jolanta Wojnar / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2015

In the paper the effects of logit model and discriminant function in the hazard assessment of the companies listed were compared. The effect of different indicators of financial analysis for the predictive ability of the models was studied. The aim was to find indicators which warn about the threat of bankruptcy in the best way.

ANALIZA PORÓWNAWCZA WSKAŹNIKÓW ŁADU PRZESTRZENNEGO NA POZIOMIE GMINY

Author(s): Anna Zbierska,Adam Zydron,Piotr Szczepanski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 40/2/2015

The spatial order is one of the basic requirements for planners set in the Law on Spatial Planning and Development. In practice, however, there is no adequate indicatory evaluation of this issue at the local level. In an article assesses the possible applications of various indicators, including proposed by Borys (2005), EUROSTAT, Local Government Analysis System (SAS) or IGiPZ PAN. Also proposed its own list of indicators.

Analiza prijedloga povodom presude Sejdić-Finci

Author(s): Adi Džamalija / Language(s): Bosnian / Publication Year: 2012

Parlamentarna skupština Bosne i Hercegovine je osnovala Privremenu zajedničku komisiju oba doma za provođenje presude Evropskog suda za ljudska prava u Strazburu u predmetu Sejdić i Finci protiv BiH, koja se sastoji od 13 članova. Komisija je počela sa radom 13. oktobra 2011. godine.

Analiza strategiczna i kształtowanie strategii przedsiębiorstwa jednoproduktowego na przykładzie Warszawskich Zakładów Mechanicznych „PZL-WZM” w Warszawie SA

Author(s): Jacek Chwalek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 5/2015

An aim of considerations is to present some methodological aspects connected with the use of the strategical analysis for formation of the strategy of the specific enterprise manufacturing one type of the product destined for the procurement market. The Warszawskie Zakłady Mechaniczne ”PZL-WZM” w Warszawie SA, in result of adjustment processes has become a renowned manufacturer of diesel engine fuel injector nozzles operating in the market for spare parts (the so-called automotive aftermarket), being substitutes of original products. In his article, the author showed that with the help of relatively simple methods of analysis and strategical planning, with lack of specific and precise information on the specific, highly specialised product segment of the procurement market, it is possible to work out basic strategical decisions related to the optimal path of development of the one-product enterprise. A crucial strategical problem is stratification of demand for products of different technological generations. The analysis of competitors indicates that the leading imitators of original products must follow the technological leaders, what is the key factor of retention of the competitive position of the brand imitator. The analysis with the help of Ansoff matrix allows indication of the optimal development path and with the help of the BCG matrix – the product strategy issuing from that path. An implication of the adopted strategy is retention of the unique assets and competences as well as jobs. The article is of the methodological and case study nature.

ANALIZA ZGODNOŚCI WNIOSKÓW WYNIKAJĄCYCH Z ZASTOSOWANIA WYBRANYCH FUNKCJI DYSKRYMINACYJNYCH

Author(s): Slawomir Lisek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2016

Prediction of the firm’s collapse is one of the important problems in management process. Important forecasting methods are discrimination’s functions. They should lead to fix similar firms’ ranking or at least to draw similar conclusions in collapse danger subject. Perfrmed investigations informs that Altman model, Hołda model and HCP model lead to draw similar conclusions. To more different conclusions lead Koh and Killough model and Gajdka and Stos model. Most different is Beerman model. Rankings are not similar.

Analysis of Conflicts in the Use of Space in Mining Basin “Kolubara”

Author(s): Marija Živkovic / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2012

Consequence of impact of the surface exploitation on the enviroment is manifested in the form of physical, social, and environmental conflicts. The dominant conflicts of the Kolubara lignite basin space occurs between mining and agriculture, which indicates the importance of the process of rehabilitation and revitalization of contaminated land and its effective bringing to the original purpose. Another significant conflict appears between the existing settlements and mining, infrastructural, water management and other facilities, which are located in areas of mining works, so the solution is in their displacement. As consequence of development of the mining-energyindustrial system there is an adverse impact on the enviroment, which is reflected in the pollution of air, land, groundwater and surface water. Ecological dimension of this conflict presents clear and limiting factor for the mine development, which directly points that the economic development of mining basin “Kolubara” is directed toward the rational exploitation of natural resources (coal, water, land, ect.). In the process of harmonization of these conflicts, it is necessary to take into account that the energy policy acts at the national level, as the public interest, and therefore has priority over all other interests.

Analysis of Economic Aspects in Slovak and Czech Forest Sector in Comparison to European and World Forestry

Author(s): Jaroslav Korecko,Ivana Ondrijová,Alžbeta Suhányiová / Language(s): English / Issue: 37/2015

In this article we would like to search the similarity respectively the diversity of selected economic aspects in the forest sector of Slovakia and the Czech Republic. We have analyzed the structure of ownership in forestry, species composition of forests, timber trade, employment in forestry sectors and other significant indicators. Than we have focused on the situation in forestry within the whole Europe and compared it with the largest roundwood, sawnwood and woodpulp producers in the world. In the analysis we have observed some similarity between countries that we have examined. We have used the cluster analysis to verify this assumption of similarity. Main objective of the article is to explore several indicators of Slovak and Czech forestry and compare them with selected European and world countries, and obtain development trends in forestry sector for the future.

Analysis of Forecasting Methods from the Point of View of Early Warning Concept in Project Management

Author(s): Florin Popescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 15/2017

Early warning system (EWS) based on a reliable forecasting process has become a critical component of the management of large complex industrial projects in the globalized transnational environment. The purpose of this research is to critically analyze the forecasting methods from the point of view of early warning, choosing those useful for the construction of EWS. This research addresses complementary techniques, using Bayesian Networks, which addresses both uncertainties and causality in project planning and execution, with the goal of generating early warning signals for project managers. Even though Bayesian networks have been widely used in a range of decision-support applications, their application as early warning systems for project management is still new.

Analysis of leadership at the national Bank of Romania

Author(s): Valentin Mihai Leoveanu / Language(s): English / Issue: 17/2013

Leadership could be seen as a process to achieve company’s goals through company’s people. In any company and also in banks and central banks, leadership could register notable performance as a result of harmonization between formal and informal organization of the company. Maintaining a dynamic and optimal balance for ensuring the simultaneous attainment of individual aspirations of employees and company objectives should be a goal and a permanent preoccupation of the management team. Nowadays,leadership of the central banks have to face a multitude of issues that concern accountability and credibility of monetary authorities. In this regard, one of the essential characteristics that determine and influence leadership of a central bank was to ensure that the degree of central bank independence from the political authorities of the country concerned. Before and during the international financial crisis, NBR has faced some important and difficult periods, watershed might say, in terms of the proper functioning of his leadership. These include: adopting the strategy of monetary policy based on inflation targeting, the speculative attack on the currency in the period 17 October to 5 November 2008 and the liquidity crisis of Romanian banks with foreign capital.

ANALYSIS OF MICRO LEVEL DISPARITIES IN URBAN FACILITY-UTILITY SERVICES: A STUDY ON BARASAT CITY, WEST BENGAL, INDIA

Author(s): Suman Paul / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2012

The regional disparity is a challenging issue to the urban planners, policy makers, academicians, bureaucrats and technocrats in the developing countries. In India, wide range of socio-economic disparities are commonly evident even in Class-I cities. Such an undesirable phenomena reflects on the spatial variation of quality of life, level of living as well as well-being and welfare of the inhabitants. Moreover, it is against the constitutional law of equity and social justice. The present study is based on the empirical observation focused on ward-wise variation of availability of and accessibility to socioeconomic and utility services in Barasat city of West Bengal. On the basis of ‘Cronbach’s Alpha’ and ‘Principal Component Analysis’, entire set of data have been arranged into six factors of which first three factors have been considered to examine the dimension of socio-economic disparities and level of development in the city.

Analysis of polycentricity of the South-East Region of Romania

Author(s): Sorin Daniel MANOLE,Antonio Valentin TACHE / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Although its content is not clear enough, "polycentricity" has become, since the 1990s, an important concept that was at the core of discussions on territorial and economic development of Europe. This paper includes the presentation of a methodology for estimating the polycentricity degree of regions. Thus, first the functional urban areas must be identified; these are the basic elements in the analysis of polycentricity. Next, the three dimensions of polycentricity are assessed, i.e. size, location and connectivity, based on indicators. By aggregating the size index, location index and connectivity index, the polycentricity index is obtained. Finally, the methodology presented is used to assess the polycentricity of South-East Region of Romania. A comparison of the four indices of the South-East Region with the corresponding indices of ESPON Space shows significant differences favoring either of them.

Analysis of the asymmetric impacts of oil prices on food prices in oil-exporting developing countries

Author(s): Daniel Francois Meyer,Kazeem Abimbola Sanusi,Adewale Hassan / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2018

This study focuses on the effects of oil price changes on food prices in oil-exporting developing countries between 2001 and 2014. These effects in net food-importing and oil-exporting, developing countries have not received adequate attention in literature. The methodology included the application of a non-linear panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The bound testing cointegration analysis of the non-linear panel ARDL specification suggests the presence of co-integration among the variables: food prices, oil price, inflation, and trade openness. The estimated non-linear panel ARDL model indicated the presence of asymmetry in the behavior of food prices solely in the long run. More specifically, in the long run, there is a significant and positive relationship between oil price increases and food prices. Meanwhile, no long-run relation is found between oil price reduction and food prices. Furthermore, the model suggests the absence of asymmetry in the behavior of food prices in the short run, as the relations between both increase and reduction in oil price and food prices are found to be insignificant. The study, therefore, recommends that oil-exporting developing countries should adjust their public policy schemes in such a way as to enable reductions in the oil price to trickle down to food prices. In addition, these countries should ensure the implementation of long-term agricultural policies aimed at insulating their economies from global food crises that may arise due to oil price increases.

Analytical Futurology as a Tool for Strategic Planning in Social War Games

Author(s): Robert Boroch / Language(s): English / Issue: 24/2017

Futurology (also futures studies) is a field of knowledge which has emerged as a result of the interdisciplinary problematisation of specific cognitive issues. The main objective of futurology is the creation of hypothetical scenarios for an alternative future in every aspect of human life, from changes relating to the life of an individual human being to changes within complex social structures, and, ultimately, in e.g. nations. The assumptions of cognitive futurology generally boil down to the maxim „probability and predictability in every aspect of human life”. In other words, the subject of futurological considerations encompasses all products of human activity, both material and abstract. However, here futurology is divided thematically and distinguished in accord with a given specific specialized task, e.g. within the framework of social anthropology (or, broadly understood, cultural studies) as well as of philosophy. Thus, one can point to popular futurology, or the popularization of specific fields of knowledge through science-fiction literature, e.g. The Road (2006) by Cormac McCarthy. In addition to popular futurology, there is also analytical futurology, whose task is to create and analyse alternative futures. The proposed presentation will be devoted to this latter issue as well.

Application of support vector machines on the basis of the first Hungarian bankruptcy model

Author(s): Miklós Virag,Tamás Nyitrai / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2013

In our study we rely on a data mining procedure known as support vector machine (SVM) on the database of the first Hungarian bankruptcy model. The models constructed are then contrasted with the results of earlier bankruptcy models with the use of classification accuracy and the area under the ROC curve. In using the SVM technique, in addition to conventional kernel functions, we also examine the possibilities of applying the ANOVA kernel function and take a detailed look at data preparation tasks recommended in using the SVM method (handling of outliers). The results of the models assembled suggest that a significant improvement of classification accuracy can be achieved on the database of the first Hungarian bankruptcy model when using the SVM method as opposed to neural networks.

Applications of Theories of Compelexity and Chaos to Gold Prices

Author(s): Hikmet Nazan Çaglar / Language(s): English / Issue: 17/2018

Chaos theory is considered as a new subject in understanding non linear system’s dynamic behaviours. Chaos theorem is used in several fields such as mathematics, physics, chemistry as well as in finance and economics sector. Although, there is a enourmous demand for gold, gold prices are volatile because of different reasons. This volatility chould be reduced by chaos theory. Also, the aim is to show whether gold prices data shows any chaotic behavior or not.

Arab Spring Countries Two Years After the Revolution: Economic Aspects, Background, Consequences, Forecasts

Author(s): Adriana Lukaszewicz / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2013