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Прогноз развития валютного рынка Республики Беларусь

Author(s): Nataliya Unton,Vladimir Gerasenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 36/2018

In the article the author analyzes the dynamics of the currency market of the Republic of Belarus, for which he conducts a correlation analysis of the factors affecting it. The main elements of the currency market and the categories that determine it are considered. In the process of analysis, the author determines the factors that affect the dynamics of the foreign exchange market.Objective: to identify the most significant factors affecting the dynamics of the currency market of the Republic of Belarus, to draw up a forecast of the exchange rate based on the identified relationships.Methodology: the research toolkit is based on the system-target approach using general scientific and formalized methods.Results of work: theoretical bases of the currency market are considered, the forecast of the exchange rate of the Republic of Belarus for 2018 is drawn up.

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Прогнозирование демографического развития России и Дагестана

Author(s): Èlʹdarov Èlʹdar Magomedovich / Language(s): Russian Issue: 8/2011

Methodological approaches and results of demographic forecasting of population development in Russia and its southern region, the Republic of Dagestan, are discussed. According to the conclusions of the forecast, the level of natural growth of the Dagestani population, even with favorable economic trends of the republic's development in the medium and long term, will not be significant. The results of the forecast can be used for scientific substantiation of the main directions of the demographic policy and the strategy of social and economic development of Dagestan.

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Прогнозирование индекса цифровой экономики и общества для Республики Беларусь

Author(s): Vladimir Gerasenko,Vyacheslav Levkovich / Language(s): Russian Issue: 43/2019

Economic and mathematical analysis was carried out and linear and non-linear regression equations were built in this article in order to forecast the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) for Belarus. This will position the country in the most important indicator for assessing the prospects of the digital economy modern development. The subject of the research is organizational, economic and managerial relations in the process of development of the digital economy. The aim of the research is compilation of an economic and mathematical model based on statistical data to calculate the predicted value of the targeted index for the Republic of Belarus. Research methods. During the study the general scientific and formalized research methods were used: analysis and synthesis, systematization and classification, statistical collection of information, SWOT analysis and ABC analysis, correlation and regression, economic and mathematical modeling, and others. Results of work. Based on the polynomial regression equation obtained, a forecast for the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) for Belarus is made. This index is currently not calculated in the Republic of Belarus. The scope of the results. Research organizations, government bodies, educational institutions.

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Прогнозування вартості культурних цінностей у контексті історії математичного прогнозування

Author(s): Vladimir Indutnyy / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2014

Predicting the cost of cultural values should be considered only in the context of mathematical methods of forecasting, as well as the principles and approaches developed throughout the history of mankind. History of mathematical prediction indicates the presence of regular sequence improvements applied from a primitive-lookingmachine calculation inaccessible distances in the ancient world, further development of the apparatus of algebra, probability theory Connection methods with algebra, and opening K.F.Gaussom open-M.Lezhandrom, multivariateregression, opening optimizing forecasting systems based on calculation methods of multivariate regression in the works V.V.Leontev and I.I. Schmalhausen transition to prediction systems with elements of selective selection of the most probable solutions A.G. Ivakhnenko and finally to the prediction systems with elements of adaptive modeling intuitive and cyclic forecasting, attracting elements random migration parameters and other attributes of the evolutionary forecasting. Modern worldview indicates the need for the implementation of the model for all nine traits in the evolutionary process of predictive algorithms. The general trend of the development of mathematical forecasting methods also indicates that the main difference of subjective forecasting methods and experiences in own who man. This difference is broadly, the presence in the subject's subconscious mind and can not be considered interpretation as positive or negative. Thus, the modern mathematical forecasting is clear sound thanks mechanisms calculation, while the results of forecasting undertaken man have subjective symptoms that contains the secret organization of the unconscious. Today, there are many research papers devoted to the topic of predicting the value of cultural property, offered interesting proprietary methods developed regulations establish relevant training programs, conducting scientific and practical conferences and other forums. Post acquired urgency and was wondering how to market participants as cultural monuments and for financiers and museum professionals. Among a variety of proposed methods most interesting are those that are based on the latest achievements of mathematical prediction and those who have new ideas and a new level of humanitarian and development of general reality. In the history of mathematical forecasting of the most revolutionary distinguish the following stages: the allocation of human wildlife due to the emergence and development of the capacity for abstract thought and observation and analysis of causal relationships, the emergence of ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt and Greece arithmetical methods of calculating the unknown and geometric methods of calculation reach distances. Further, the emergence and development of medieval history and, later, the discovery of Blaise Pascal (1623 – 1662), Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665) and Jakob Bernoulli (1654 -1705), who studied the laws of gambling, laid the foundations probability theory and discovered mankind opportunities to work with arbitrary values and systems that develop randomly. There are opportunities to perform such predictions, which is a place for assessing the likelihood of events does not necessarily follow. The next step in the development of mathematical prediction of achievement were K.F.Hausa (1777-1855), which is about 1795-1798 years, exploring the phenomenon of arbitrary algebraic techniques deviation values of two empirical observations and related features, invented a universal way of finding the optimal parameters for linear equations of mathematical approximation of their addiction. Extensive practical use Gauss in many fields of science, mathematics stimulated the improvement of forecasting methods and determined the emergence of modern multivariate regression analysis, the implementation of which had a powerful influence on all further development of science. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries the most successful mathematical prediction was in biology and economics. In 20-ies multivariate analysis formed the basis of modern macroeconomics (V.V.Leontyev, 1905 -1999), a new evolutionary theory in biology (I.I. Schmalhausen 1884-1948), linear prediction and modeling the behavior of complex systems, dynamically developing. The discovery of the theory of information and the rapid development of computer technology, gave birth to the idea of creating an artificial intelligence, the operation of which is also described on the basis of mathematical parametric prediction. It was found that the most perfect machine forecasting has become such a synthesized human computational system that have the ability to develop and self-improvement will evolve and will be the ability to subjective thinking. The work of numerous scholars of the twentieth century give a hope (OH Ivakhnenko 1913-2007) thanks concepts of the modern theory of evolution (V.V.Indutny 1988), in which the prediction is based on computer simulation mechanisms inherent in the evolutionary process: the general direction prediction and the outcome of the interaction of systemic factors (interactivity), expanding the variety and variability of the results, and the cyclical nature of the fluctuation prediction, selection of the most advanced solutions, a hierarchical organization of intermediate and final conclusions; avtodestruktive regulation prediction results (partial liquidation of previous decisions), structural development of predictive models, the ability to heal itself of unwanted states.

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Прогнозування обсягу реалізованої інноваційної продукції із застосуванням екстраполяційних методів та експертних оцінок

Author(s): Zoryna Yurynets,Rostyslav Yurynets / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 23/2014

The subject of the work is to analyze the results of enterprises innovative activity in Ukraine. The aim is to implement a forecasting indicator - volume of innovative products sales in Ukraine and to obtain the results of the forecast. This will contribute to the development of effective innovation strategies, their implementation in practice of the enterprises. Methodology of the work. The article used the adaptive prediction methods and expert opinions. Results. Identified the need to perform time series forecasting through a combination of statistical methods and expert judgment. Especially important is the combination when there are sharp changes in the economy through unforeseen events (crises, changes in the political or economic policy, etc). Using of expert judgment improves the accuracy of the forecast. During the combination of extrapolation estimates and expert projections it is necessary to consider different aspects. For example, the credibility for the estimates are different, the trust may change when changing the value of the bias. The most important thing in the combination is that the credibility of the combined forecast should be at maximum level. First of all, the solution of this problem is associated with the formulation of extreme problems. It should be possible to build an adaptive mechanism, which will give the opportunity to have the combined projected trajectory together with the required property. Analysis of the calculation results shows that the estimation of prognosis depends on the level of trust. If  = 0,85, predictive estimate of transient process quickly get trends, which are provided by the experts, and if = 0,95, extrapolating trend dominates in the combined trajectory. The prognosis estimations depend on the  . Therefore, the special attention should be paid to determining the value of . Scope of the results: the management of enterprises, the formation and implementation of development strategies, the formation of the major directions of the state innovation policy. Conclusions. In the future we can expect the reduction in the amount of innovative products sales. Adaptability combined model allows to effectively implement the procedure for obtaining prognosis estimations for future periods in which the trends change is expected. For the formation of an effective innovation strategies managers need to know the results of the forecast. It will give the opportunity to implement strategies in the practice of enterprises. The results of the forecast will contribute to the creation of effective innovation strategies and their implementation in the activity of enterprises. The forecasting system must be one of the most important places during the creation of measures to implement the strategy.

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Прогнозування розвитку складних техніко-економічних систем мезорівня

Author(s): Volodymyr Volkov,Lidiya Goroshkova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 21/2013

The article proposes multi–factor economical and mathematical model for describing cyclic character of elemental interconnection of complicated technical and economic systems. The article revealed the presence of small economic cycles in the development of complicated systems, such as black metallurgy and housing and utility sector with the duration 2–4 years. Theoretical model of cyclicity is confirmed by the actual statistical data. Aim of article: studying the nature and peculiarities of the small cycles in the development of complicated technical and economic system which provides the possibility to model the economic processes and forecast the main parameters of meso–level system development. Methods of research included economic analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, forecasting and modeling. Results of research: research of economic cyclicity of Ukrainian black metallurgy development in Ukraine 2000 – 2010 is conducted and interrelation of cyclicity of developing black metallurgy and raw components, such as iron–ore and chemical recovery industries, is determined. Besides, interrelation between the cyclic development of these branches and cycles of price index on their products is established. Duration of every cycle makes 2–4, therefore the cycles are small. Research of the cyclicity of changing prices on the housing and utility in general and in connection with the separate components: hot and cold water, electricity, gas supply, heating and rent. Interconnection of cyclicity of changing prices on the housing and utility services is established; cycle duration is 2 years. Cyclic processes were studied in branches with essential differences. Metallurgy is attributed to production, housing and utility sector – to services. Metallurgy market within the researched period was competitive, than monopolistic, within 2008–2009 – oligopolistic, from 2010 – subject to monopolization. Housing and utility sector belongs to natural monopolies. Received positive results on the application of the proposed economical and mathematical model for describing cyclic character of developing complicated technical and economic systems confirm its universal properties.

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Прогнозування та планування дохідної частини бюджету міста

Author(s): Olena Semenenko,Sergey Zelyk,Maksym Bogolib / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 32/2017

The aim of article is development of the theoretical principles and techniques for economic modeling and forecasting of budget revenues territorial community, study of the characteristics and factors affecting the formation of the budget and study OF the effects of the adoption of the most likely scenarios when planning filling the revenue side of the city, based on theory methods hierarchies. The methods, which were used in the study. Applied a systematic approach and methodology of the economic analysis, statistical analysis and economic- mathematical analysis to examine trends in key factors influencing the formation of the city budget. The results of the work. In modern conditions OF the decentralization of power and the reform of local government, IT IS necessary to study the financial mechanism of formation of budgets of cities and territories. So, planning and forecasting of the budget, based on a more flexible and modern methodologies for Economic Research, is important accomplishment for any social and economic system. Conclusions. The introduction of new approaches and methods in the formation of the city budget must be implemented at all stages of formation of budget resources, forecasting and planning revenues, the monitoring of budget revenues, in regulation process of formation, distribution and use of budgetary funds. The quality and accuracy of these processes directly influences the expenditure budget and the possibility of optimal use of finance and carry out development programs territories.

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Прогнозування: сутність і значення для реалізації монетарної політики

Author(s): Nataliia P. Pohorelenko,Olha Hlushchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 47/2021

The authors have demonstrated the importance of anticipating monetary policy implementation. The authors have determined that managing economic entities’ expectations through developing appropriate forecasts enables financial market participants: to evaluate the regulator’s vision of the content of monetary policy aimed at bringing the inflation to an established goal; to make informed investment decisions; and to improve the effectiveness of the key rate’s impact on market interest rates, the cost of financial resources, and the inflation. Forecasts are noted for their erratic nature. The article describes phases of the forecast execution and monetary policy decision-making. The authors have demonstrated the relevance of the assumptions, the quality of the original data, and the expert judgment throughout the forecasting process. Forecasting hubs have been discovered in Ukraine. The article discloses the relationship between the National Bank’s aims and the principles of the National Bank’s monetary policy. The authors have made corresponding recommendations to improve macroeconomic forecasting.

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Прогностичні моделі фінансового регулювання бюджетів територіальних громад

Author(s): Lidiia Horoshkova,Vladimir Volkov,Ievgen Khlobystov,Viktor Kutyk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 42/2019

Actuality of research theme. The problem of development of effective control system by finances of territorial communities acquires in the modern terms of decentralization of the special actuality. Raising of problem. One of basic problems of process of decentralization there is conditioning for providing of financial firmness and all-sufficientness of territorial communities. Analysis of the last researches and publications. The modern aspects of decision of problems of development of territorial communities and local self-government such scientists engage in, as Pavliuk A.P., Oliinyk D.I., Batalov O.A., Datsko O.I., Murkovych L. L., Molodozhen Yu.B.and other [1-4]. The results of own researches of problem are in to [5-11]. Selection of unexplored parts of general issue. In spite of changes to the Budgetary and Tax codes, there are mechanisms that restrain development of the incorporated territorial communities and create the threat of them to financial possibility. One of such mechanisms there is a base and reversible grant. Their influence on the financial state of incorporated territorial communities needs a separate analysis and research. Raising of task, research aim. There is a necessity of analysis of influence of the operating system of interbudgetary mutual relations on the financial state of the incorporated territorial communities. Method or methodology of realization of research. In the process of realization researches drawn on scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analytical grouping) and special (abstracting, economical-mathematical design, etc.) methods of study of the economic phenomena and processes. Exposition of basic material (job performances). In-process the conducted analysis of indexes of efficiency of reform of administrative-territorial device that takes place in Ukraine from 2015. It is shown that during 2014 - 2017 as a result of decentralization is positive tendencies in relation to the improvement of the financial state of the incorporated territorial communities. It is well-proven that the positive results of decentralization of management were attained in 2014 - 2016 and conditioned by active sponsorship of reforms. Negative progress of communities trends in 2017 it maybe to explain that the accumulation of unsolved problems took place during a previous period. It is shown that such support is envisaged during five years - 2020 to and that is why there is a necessity of creation within the limits of incorporated territorial communities of financial mechanisms of their break-even functioning. It is well-proven that the new mechanism of the budgetary smoothing negatively influences on financially solvent communities, restrains their development because of exception of money in the State budget with simultaneous artificial support of financially helpless communities due to a base grant. It offers to define the possible limits of reversible grant in intercommunication with the rates of increase of acuestss on one habitant of incorporated territorial communities. The model of determination of limits of reversible grant offers in intercommunication with the rates of increase of acuestss on one habitant incorporated territorial communities, confirmed by calculations on the basis of official statistical figures. Industry of application of results. The got practical results can be drawn on by incorporated territorial communities in the process of development of politics of receivership and by the charges of budget. Scientific results can be drawn on at teaching of disciplines of economic aspiration. Conclusions. Unefficiency of operating mechanism of the interbudgetary adjusting is well-proven, as he creates terms in order that not putting the certain regions of country efforts, functioned due to base grants. At the same time regions that provide the stable indexes of the economic development appear in a situation, when the further increase of their potential a reversible grant interferes with, as after her help part of facilities is withdrawn from the budget of incorporated territorial communities.

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Промене у биолошким и економским структурама становништва општине Рашка

Author(s): Ivana Penjišević,Milena M. Nikolić,Aleksa Popadić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 9/2012

The importance of studying population structures and their changes is reflected to the possibility of performing qualitative and quantitative analysis of the achieved population development of Raška municipality. Statistical analyzes were performed in two census years (1961 and 2002). This analyzes show that the negative demographic trends are expressed primarily through the constant decline in the rate of population growth and fertility on the one hand and the growth index and the coefficients of aging on the other hand. Such demographic situation in Raška municipality is particularly pronounced in the last decade of the 20th and the first decade of the 21st century. Therefore, it is necessary to stimulate positive demographic trends with appropriate population policy measures, in order to mitigate negative tendencies present in certain population structures of the municipality of Raška.

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Просторно-социјална диференцијација и миграционе одлике запосленог становништва Београда

Author(s): Ivan Ratkaj / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2012

This article explains the genesis, effects of different factors (historical, economic, political- strategic, urban planning ones), and dynamics of spatial-social differentiation of the employed population in Belgrade. Special attention is paid to analysis of recent migration of employees during the period 1991-2002, which corresponds to the initial phase of liberalization of the housing market when financial constraints and subjective preferences of families and households started to act. This analysis represents the basis for scientific forecast of trajectories of socio-residential development of the city. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 176017]

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Просторно-физичке и друштвене карактеристике панчевачког насеља Миса Виногради

Author(s): Gordana Gorunović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

This text is based on direct observations and authentic materials collected within the framework of a broader research program entitled: “The cultural identity of a suburb: living in the “New Misa” community of Pančevo” . The paper, first of all, provides data on the administrative affiliation, regional position, physical boundaries and traffic connections of this residential area to the other parts of town and its surroundings, then, on its urban-planning features, considered in a synchronic-diachronic perspective. This is followed by a survey of the community’s history, that is, of the major stages of colonization and urbanization of its territory, and by an attempt to draw an outline of its contemporary appearance and “ identity” through confronting regional plans made for it by experts with what has come about in practice and social reality. The residential area of “Misa Vinogradi” appertains to the subdistrict “Mladost”. It is located to the north-east of the town center, between the railway line and the road to Vršac. It belongs to the latter-day parts of town, whose emergence, expansion and urbanization were necessitated by the industrial development of Pančevo in the second half of the 20th century. Initially a small settlement in the then scarcely populated rural area, it emerged before the second world war, most probably for the needs of the workers employed at the “Outskirts” railway station. The settlement was founded on non-buildable agricultural land of erstwhile tilled fields, threshing floors, vinyards, and the town race-course. It has developed without a plan, through unauthorized construction, as an illegal homesteading for individual/family residential purposes. The process of its growth started in the post-war period, caused by the local, regional and inter-republic migrations of the population from the territory of Pančevo and its surroundings, from the other parts of Vojvodina, and from the republics of the former Yugoslavia - Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia, and Croatia. The chief reasons for immigration were to get an employment, mainly in the industrial zone o f the town, and to solve the housing problem . The biggest influx of new settlers, accompanied by an upswing in the housing construction, came in the 1990s. The settlement first emerged as a subject of research and planning back in 1968, when this area, with some 2,500 inhabitants, w as still situated beyond the approved residential territory. A decision was passed to urbanize the existing “ shanty town” and to incorporate it into the county town. A right to become buildable, how ever, was granted it as late as 1973, with the enactment of the first detailed urbanization plan for this area. A complete and consistent implementation of this and of the other subsequent plans w as hampered by hard socio-economic circumstances and by the historic developmnets, so that, in reality, the trend of spontaneous, disorganized and illegal construction continued. The major portion of the town planners’ vision offered from the late 1960s through the 1970s and 1980s has remained on paper: removal of the railway track from the territory of the settlement, the gasification, the construction of the residential area auxiliary structures and of a complete traffic infrastructure, T& T network installations, etc. According to the town-planners and other experts, “Misa Vinogradi” was created as a bedroom community, and has largely remained so to this very day. Not with standing all this, as of today, it has a clear-cut “ identity” : a residential organization (mostly detached family houses), a physical-spatial and architectural character, and a reputation of being the “ community of the children and of the young”, “predominantly made up of young married couples and families”. According to the national structure and to the ethnic and regional origin of its dwellers, the settlement is a multi-ethnic mosaic - a situation typical of Vojvodina.

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Просторно-функционални односи и везе насеља у општини Пећинци

Author(s): Aleksandar Krajić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2008

Space-functional proportions and relations, among settlements, is the starting point in planning the development of community, region or state. This work treats the elementary characteristics of space-functional proportions and relations of the settlements in the municipality of Pećinci, in the fact the hierarchy, spacely and historycal characteristics in the settlement net of community Pećinci.

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Просторно-функционални развој Неготина

Author(s): Ljiljana Živković,Slavoljub Jovanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 5/2008

The research results presented in the paper refer to the historical and functional development in the city of Negotin which is, in many ways, specific area in the north-eastern Serbia. The researched area is a complex territorial system according to its position, tectonic, geological and orographic characteristics, historical and geographical continuity and according to its economical, demographic, areal and functional development. All the above mentioned elements, processes and factors are characterised by mutual dependence and compatibility (compactness). Physical and geographical basis in XX century is no longer a limitating factor of the inner structure and functional transformation and diferentiation of Negotin. The effect the basis has on the development of Negotin is double: direct and indirect. The direct effect that the natural elements (configuration, climate, water, biogeographical and pedological features) have on city and village location can be seen in the possibility of their territorial and functional spreading. The indirect effect is realized through influencing population position and economical resources and their evaluation.

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ПРОФИЛАКТИКА НАСИЛИЯ КАК ФАКТОР БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ СЕМЬИ: РОССИЙСКИЙ И КАЗАХСТАНСКИЙ ОПЫТ

Author(s): Tamara Kerimovna Rostovskaya,Talgat Begimovich Kaliev,Natalja Borisovna Zavyalova,Vadim Aleksandrovich Bezverbny / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2018

The article compares the state measures and public initiatives undertaken in Russia and Kazakhstan with the aim of reducing the level of domestic violence against women and involving the public in solving this problem. The authors basing their opinion on the data of sociological surveys of the population concluded that in both countries the statistics does not reflect the extent of this phenomenon; the opinion of the population on this issue is ambiguous, a significant part of society admits violent behavior in the family. The measures of the state impact on the problem have been analyzed. It is established that in both states long-term action programs have been adopted to protect the interests and rights of women. At the same time, the study showed that in the fight against family violence, the potentials of public organizations, the media and other social institutions were not fully utilized. The need to combine efforts of the state and society in strengthening the institution of the family is underlined.

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Процес стратегічного управління діяльністю будівельних підприємств

Author(s): Yuliia Yurchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 31/2016

The subject of the article is theoretical, methodological provisions and practical aspects of the strategicmanagement process of economic activity of construction enterprises. The aim of the article is to determine thetheoretical and methodological provisions and justification of practical recommendations for implementingstrategic management of economic activity of construction enterprises. Theoretical and methodological basis ofthe study included general scientific (dialectical, structural and functional) and special methods of studying theexamined economic phenomena and processes.The article on the basis of the conducted analysis summarizes methodological provisions of implementingthe strategic management process of economic activity of the construction enterprises, including description ofits essence and procedural aspects. Article also discloses characteristic of the construction enterprises strategyand strategic set and the necessity of its development using an integrated system and situational approach. Theauthor's vision of the process of formation and implementation of the construction enterprises strategy with adescription of the content of its main defining stages is represented and as a result the article formulatesmethodical recommendations on the formation and realization of construction enterprise strategy.As a conclusion it is appropriate to consider the strategic management of the construction company as amodern management tool of the construction enterprise, which is based on intellectual capital as a leading assetand the foundation of the enterprise, which orients the activities on the demands of consumers, allows flexiblyrespond and adapt to dynamic changes of the environment and in time implement changes within theenterprise.

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15.00 €

Психология на преднамереното влияние

Author(s): Georgi Karastoyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian

The presented monograph is a result of many years of practical work and research of the author in the sphere of intentional influence in Bulgaria, USA and NATO structures. It would be of interest to psychologists, sociologists, psychological surgeons, PR and image-maker specialist, managers, and anyone who wants to understand the psychological mechanisms of influence - why do we think what we think, why we feel what we feel, why we act the way we do it, and how other people and the media influence us. In fact, the book does not offer ready-made recipes, but an understanding of the process that enables us to protect ourselves from unwanted influences and to be more effective in achieving our goals.

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15.00 €

Разплата. История на Отон. Пратеничество в Константинопол. Разплата. История на Отон. Пратеничество в Константинопол

Author(s): Liudprand Liudprand of Cremona / Language(s): Bulgarian

This modern translation of all the surviving literary compositions ascribed to Liudprand, the bishop of Cremona from 962 to 972, offers unrivaled insight into society and culture in western Europe during the "iron century". Since Liudprand enjoyed the favor of the Saxon Roman emperor Otto the Great, and traveled to Constantinople more than once on official business, his narratives also reveal European attitudes toward the Byzantine Empire and the culture of its refined capital city. No other tenth-century writer had such privileged access to the high spheres of power, or such acerbic wit and willingness to articulate critiques of the doings of powerful people. Liudprand's historical texts (the Antapodosis on European events in the first half of the 900s, and his Historia Ottonison the rise to power of Otto the Great) provide a unique view of the recent past against a genuinely European backdrop, unusual in a time of localized cultural horizons. Liudprand's famous satirical description of his misadventures as Ottonian legate at the Byzantine court in 968 is a vital source of information on Byzantine ritual and diplomatic process, as well as a classic of medieval intercultural encounter. Readers interested in medieval European culture, the history of diplomacy, Italian and German medieval history, and the history of Byzantium will find this collection of translated texts rewarding. A full introduction and extensive notes help readers to place Liudprand's writings in context.

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РЕГИОНАЛНАТА ПОЛИТИКА В УСЛОВИЯТА НА ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИЯ И ПРОМЕНЯЩА СЕ БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Kamen Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: X/2019

This article is devoted entirely to the structuring of regional issues and, above all, to the EU Regional Policy, both from a theoretical and practical point of view. In the discovery of the essence of regional development and the peculiarities of regional policy, postulates of regional and spatial sciences are used. Problems of regional policy formation have been outlined in terms of the use of geographic tools and the development of spatial and territorial. The article draws the relevant conclusions and recommendations for the definition of the object and the tasks of the regional policy and the interaction between the society-nature-space. An analysis of the state of regional policy in Bulgaria is made.

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Регулювання, самоменеджмент та планування вільного часу

Author(s): Nadiya Babenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 34/2015

The article deals with the theoretical-applied aspects of free time and leisure through prism of sociology of free time; defines the basic classification kinds of free time activity; researches the basic kinds of free time regulation (social and selfregulative), the levels of regulation and its perspective direction; investigates selfmanagement of free time and the types of selfregulation; studies the basic kinds budget planning for free time and the causes that influence its rational use; substantiates the basic trend and problems of free time and leisure. Time component of social time, released from industrial and domestic affairs, which covers the area of free activity. Leisure is part of free time, which includes a set of activities designed to meet the physical, spiritual and social needs of people in their free time. Recreational activity is carried out in their free time and in line with specific interests, goals that poses a personality. The amount of free time is now almost similar to the amount of professional work, and in some sociodemographic groups, including young people, and even exceeds it. Structure of free time the established habits and the possibility of it affecting the overall human development, both formed values and skills determine the choice of a way of entertainment. In turn, the spiritual identity formed by the possibilities at a certain stage of development to make their own cultural values and selection, learning them, convert to personal and valuable characteristics. A special place in the sociology of free time and leisure to the problem of classification (grouping) of activities in their free time. Its first implementation is possible, depending on the principle ways to use free time from productive human activities, tasks and functions otherness working and leisure time, the significance and value of various activities for human life and society. In the process of classification classes in his spare time should be considered that the two most important part – Leisure and more "elevated activity" is close to, but not equivalent. Leisure – this time sessions, during which people restore physical, mental and psychic powers spent at work, at home and in the concept of “leisure” is used as a synonym for free time. In particular, this culture is individual consumption (watching TV, reading, listening to music), communication, exercise, spectacular public consumption culture (concerts, performances, shows, sports competitions), exercise, entertainment, sports, passive rest (sleep walking without a purpose, peace) and others. By the time more sublime activities should include time on activities that contribute to the development of as many essential powers of the individual, his improvement, though they may also include a leisure and ushlyahetnyuvaty and enrich it. Compared to leisure time more elevated activity – is mainly creation, manifestation of social activity, increase focus, intensity of spiritual and physical strength, initiative and energy, the development of a single person / In the most general form of free time adjustment process starts with identifying issues and completed the achievement of the expected results. The general direction of the free time given by the social environment, and quality content it ultimately depends on the person. Key, which identifies a person in his spare time, can be of two types: 1) a significant and direct impact society, for example, training on the job, social and political activities, regular classes in technical, artistic collectives, groups, sports clubs; 2) self-education, individual creativity, physical training, communication, etc., which are less exposed to direct or influence the public is not exposed. It should be noted that the general direction of the free time given by the social environment, quality content and it ultimately depends on the person. Key, which identifies a person in his spare time, can be of two types: 1) a significant and direct impact society, for example, training on the job, social and political activities, regular classes in technical, artistic collectives, groups, sports clubs; 2) self-education, individual creativity, physical training, communication, etc., which are less exposed to direct or influence the public is not exposed. The study of trends and problems of leisure activities and more sublime in his spare time, ways to overcome the existing contradictions in this area promotes spiritual needs and interests of the people and thus - the growth of culture, they use their free time, humanization and democratization of the latter. The pace of change in our society, consciousness and lifestyle of people, the rejection of stereotypes in behavior and activities usezahalna reassessment of values require new studies in all areas of life, including in the sphere of research of free time.

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