Рецензия на критиката на чистия разум (1781)

Author(s): Johann Georg Hamann / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

In this short review of Immanuel Kant’s First Critique, the author Johann Georg Hamann (a friend, co-worker and even opponent of Kant) offers a synopsis related to the fundamental theses of the transcendental criticism of reason (a new approach in those days) while paying explicit attention to the supposedly common root of origin of the varieties of human knowledge and on some basic architectonic distinctions within Kant’s system as well.

Повишаване качеството на образоватено-възпитателния процес при реализация на проект „Bonding the World with Chemistry”

Author(s): Kalinka Benova,Violeta Konstantinova,Antoaneta Hineva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

Ученето в природонаучното познание и страхът от провал

Author(s): Nikolay Tsankov,Veska Guyviiska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The main problem discussed in this article is related to the reasons as to how and why fear dominates students’ learning process in education institutions. A right approach toward the topic requires first an investigation of the cognitive aspects of fear, especially when we talk about nature and science knowledge and studies. The research reveals and analyses the main concept characteristics of fear, connected to different ways of thinking and understanding the learning process. Some fear barriers of the learning process have been outlined. The empirical defense of the ideas is based on the research ideas of Daniel Kahneman, an Israeli-American psychologist, and his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making in conditions of inexplicitness. The empirical data used for the research includes inquiries into students and teachers’ opinion of fear of learning. It is based on the concept of cognitive niches in thinking, which become barriers to learning. In the field of natural science education this problem deserves special attention.

Интерактивните методи и екологичното образование на учениците в обучението по „Човекът и природата“ в V. и VI. клас

Author(s): Neli Dimitrova,Daniela Dimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The report explores the learning content of the 5th and 6th Grades Man and Nature curricula in order to highlight key environmental issues. The aspect of the psychological and cognitive characteristics of 11- and 12-year-old students is considered. On the basis of the analysis of these two key aspects of the effectiveness of science education, opportunities are offered to use interactive learning methods and to to help teachers in early science education to form of environmental awareness in the pupils.

„Ученическа космическа агенция“ – образователна програма по астрономия и космонавтика

Author(s): V. Radeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

“Student Space Agency” was established and many students were educated in its different forms and programs. This initiative can be considered as successful for the students, as well for the teachers. The activity of this Agency during the years was listed and commented.

Иновации в борбата с туморни образувания – лечение чрез брахитерапия

Author(s): Georgi Varbanov,Radostin Mihaylov,Denitsa Simeonova,Yordanka Dimitrova Eneva,Paraskev Stoyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

This report shows one of the contemporary methods of malignant neoplasms’ treatment – brachytherapy. Solid or liquid radioactive sources are used. Brachytherapy is a type of intercellular radiotherapy in which the source of radioactive energy is placed near the organ or directly in it. The ionizing energy destroys the structure of DNA and thus hinders cell division. During the treatment, specially targeted radiation is delivered to the tumor without any damages to the surrounding tissues and organs. The advantage of brachytherapy, compared to EBRT is that the damaged cells are fewer. In brachytherapy, radioactive materials are implanted in the form of seeds or liquids via feeder. The radioactive seeds consist of a titanium capsule containing a redioactive element 125I or 192Ir and a metal radiographic marker for tracking the capsule. Brachytherapy is used for treatment of cancer of the prostate, vagina, cervix, breast, skin, esophagus, face and neck, gallbladder, etc. In Bulgaria, brachytherapy is practiced in Sofia, Stara Zagora, Shumen and Veliko Tarnovo. In the oncology center in Shumen between 150 and 170 patients are treated with brachytherapy every year which is 1/6 of all patients, being treated in the center.

Дуалното образование – препоръки за България в контекста на моделите в Германия и САЩ

Author(s): Kalin Boyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

Bulgaria’s membership in the European Union places on imperative level the problems of the efficiency of the Bulgarian education system, of the quality and competitiveness of our education. In view of the current crisis in Bulgaria with the provision of highly qualified staff for the economy and the problematic system of vocational education, it is imperative to pay attention to developed countries for useful lessons and practices. From a socially functional point of view, the dual system of education in Germany shows some advantages in resolving the crisis with the lack of staff in Bulgaria and in providing structured work and specific training. In addition, more attention should be paid to the progressive aspects of the US Vocational Education System to help Bulgaria develop a more informed and balanced strategy to improve its professional education.

Оценка на въздействието на Европейския фонд за регионално развитие по отношение на сградната енергийна ефективност в България в програмния период 2007 – 2013 г.

Author(s): Daniel Nigohosyan / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The study examines the significance of the contribution of the 2007 – 2013 Regional Development Operational Program (OPRD), co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), to energy efficiency of buildings. The framework of the analysis is based on a logic model and the methodology also includes a unit cost analysis. The article presents the overall progress on energy efficiency at European and national level and provides conclusions regarding the progress, contribution, and efficiency of energy efficiency measures funded under the program. The overall conclusion of the study is that in spite of the good absorption rate of OPRD 2007 – 2013, the ERDF is not used efficiently; the contribution of the program to the energy efficiency of buildings is not significant; and the design of the program and the specific energy efficiency measures do not include sufficiently specific and justified objectives.

Самостоятелната познавателна дейност на учениците в обучението по „Домашен бит и техника“

Author(s): Elenka Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

This article examines the issue of self-cognitive abilities in students who participate in the “Domestic economics and skills” class. It includes a theory section, which covers concepts such as individual student work and cognitive abilities. In addition, it offers a brief analysis of the elementary grade curriculum in Bulgarian elementary schools and the opportunities for personal cognitive development.

Методически варианти за решаване на познавателни задачи в обучението по „Домашен бит и техника“ в ІV клас

Author(s): Elenka Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The article offers methodological options for studying cognitive tasks in the fourth grade curriculum for “Domestic economics and skills.”  It provides an analysis of the curriculum and offered capabilities, a brief survey of normative documents impacting teaching, an analysis of topics in the syllabus which cover work with paper materials and finally it offers a method for structuring a lesson based on the planned classes.

Ecological Systems Theory: a Valuable Framework for Research on Inclusion and Special Educational Needs /Disabilities

Author(s): Leda Kamenopoulou / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2016

In this article I critically discuss some of the benefits and limitations of using Ecological Systems Theory (EST) in research on Inclusion and Special Educational Needs/Disabilities (SEN/D). In support for this discussion I draw on reflections from a study I conducted on the social inclusion and participation of young people with dual sensory impairment in mainstream schools (author, 2012). The aim was to explore to what extent the young people were socially included in the mainstream environment and to identify any barriers to their participation. I used EST (Bronfenbrenner, 1979) as the theoretical framework for the study and accordingly perceived the mainstream school as a system, components of which continuously interact and influence social inclusion. The aim of this article is to argue that the conceptual framework of EST is a valuable tool for research exploring inclusion in education of learners with SEN/D, because it helps the researcher focus on the crucial interplay between the individual and the context, in which the individual is embedded. Challenges for researchers adopting this framework are also considered.

Към въпроса за система за оценяване на научните изследвания във висши училища и научни институции в България

Author(s): Lilyana Valcheva,Diana Kjurkchieva,Alexander Nikolov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

The article is dedicated to the problems of objective observation and accurate assessment of the research and artistic activity carried out by the universities and scientific organizations in Bulgaria. Based on an analysis of the current system, the basic requirements for achieving a qualitatively new approach based on the following objectives are formulated: the formation of a policy in the field of research, which contributes to the achievement of qualitative and competitive results, according to the National Development Strategy research and European framework programs; socio-economic impact of the results and their benefits; the possibility of creating new generation scientists; development of scientific institutions as equal partners in the European and world scientific space. This article is based on a number of official documents whose list is given in the Appendix. A system of objective and accurate evaluation of the research and artistic activity with a set of indicators and weights for obtaining the estimation, as well as a methodology for its implementation, has been proposed. This system aims to simplify the evaluation procedure and to make it transparent.

Приобщаващо образование – интерпретации и разбирания

Author(s): Siyka Chavdarova-Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2018

Inclusive education is one of the modern tendencies in the contemporary world, European and Bulgarian educational policy and practice. Regardless of the similarities in its definitions, there is a variety of interpretations and understandings. Such variety enriches the conception, but sometimes it makes difficult its realization on the level of the school practice. There are discrepancies also between the levels of the educational policy and academic interpretations. It is not easy to work as a teacher in such dynamic of interpretations and understandings about the inclusive education. Now, this is a big challenge for the teacher training in Bulgaria how to present the inclusive education to the teachers in a methodological and practical way – with the variety of its aspects in a limited time.

Изследователски подход към технологията на интердисциплинарното обучение

Author(s): Rumyana Neminska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2018

The main topic of the article is the problem of the technological structure of interdisciplinary learning in an academic environment. The research approach is considered as the main approach in this technology Interdisciplinary training is considered in two basic, symbiotically related constructs. The first consort examines the research approach in academic teaching and learning – essence, characteristics, application, and benefits. The second construct examines the technological structure of interdisciplinary learning through the multiplication of project-based, problem-oriented learning and academic learning, and case studies. The content structures of the technological levels are considered. The research approach applied to the technology of interdisciplinary learning reveals two parallel possibilities to consider the modeling – simulation relationship in academic teaching. Developing a technological environment for the development of interdisciplinary pedagogical skills and qualities in the students.

Обърната класна стая (Flipped classroom) – същност, развитие и дизайн

Author(s): Stoyanka Georgieva-Lazarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2018

Flipped learning is a form of blended learning. In this model, however, some lessons are presented to the students outside the classroom, utilizing video or other means of delivery. Afterwards, in class, the educational content is available for the students so that they can use it in collaboration with their classmates and evaluate their own progress. Teachers only help, guide and inspire them.

Игра с языком и о языке, или об экологической лингвистике

Author(s): Valerii Anatolievich Efremov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2018

The article is devoted to analyse and deconstruction new-fashioned ecolinguistics as an independent scientific discipline. Giving a brief historical excursus this discipline and not denying the relevance of the ecology of language, the conservation of minority languages, the study of linguistic interactions, the author questions the need to allocate ecolinguistics as a holistic science in the absence of the original objects, goals, methods, and material for analysis. Moreover, ecolinguistics problems can be solved within the framework of the already existing sciences, such as sociolinguistics, communication theory of speech, theory of speech standards.

Transhumanizm czy humanizm? Krytyczne spojrzenie na nową ideologię

Author(s): Marian Falenczyk SAC / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 1/2018

The western world is slowly recognizing the threats resulting from the new ideology called transhumanism that started thirty years ago in the United States. The ideology of transhumanism draws from rapidly converging technologies such as nanotechnology, biotechnology, artificial intelligence, cognitive science and genetic engineering. Transhumanism wants to be a positive response to postmodernism and nihilism sweeping developed countries. It aspires to ignore the natural law and current anthropology. It aims to cover all dimensions of the human being to ensure unlimited earth-life extendibility, happiness and unfathomable pleasure. Transhumanism takes aim to eradicate current civilizations and cultures, rejects history, nationality, family and religion. Instead transhumanism wants to introduce global culture and civilization for a human as a product of biotechnology. Transhumanism reduces the human to a material dimension and intentionally confines him to this dimension. The progress of the new ideology appears difficult to stop and its catastrophic impact on humans and society is difficult to foresee. We must therefore explore the field of philosophy; mostly through returning to the metaphysics of existence by St Thomas Aquinas, through affirmation of biblical anthropology and finally through a comprehensive return to contemplative theology.

Смарт класната стая – мит или реалност

Author(s): Milanka Decheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

The article shows the possibilities that “Smart Classroom” offers to students and teachers in class. The presence of smart technologies in the classroom will help to enhance learning activities as everything will happen faster. Such technology not only contributes to the progress of the learning process, but also engages students to participate in group educational interactive classes. Two lessons in math class for the 9th grade, held in a “smart” classroom, are examined.

Организация на педагогическия експеримент „Жива книга“

Author(s): Radoslava Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

The article describes the organization of the pedagogical experiment „Living Book“. An important role in maximizing the learning of Yavorov‘s love poetry plays the pre-training of the lesson, which includes assigning teams for project work and teacher and student activities.The tabular form the text presents the course of the lesson in which the innovative experiment is applied.

Работните листове като форма за активизиране на самостоятелната работа на учениците в обучението по история в Х клас

Author(s): Donka Andreeva,Svetlin Stoyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

The matter of students’ individual work and the means for its organization have rich history. There are a variety of approaches taken in the researches of pedagogues, psychologists, didactologists аnd methodologists for solving the issue with the place and role of students’ individual work. It is necessary to distinguish individuality as a personality trait from individual work as a means of forming this trait. The nature of individuality as a human trait lies in students’ need and capability to find the answers for problems new to them and to figure out new ways for dealing with them. This character feature is formed in the process itself which might be reproducing or creative.