Szerkezeti átalakulások a közoktatásban

Author(s): Anikó Fehérvári / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2011

A rendszerváltást követően a központosított oktatásirányítást felváltotta a decentralizált irányítás. Az iskolák döntő többsége helyi fenntartásúvá vált, nemcsak az alapfokú, hanem a középfokú oktatásban, ezen belül a szakképzésben is. Különösen a szakképzésben vált a decentralizáció hatására rendkívül szétaprózódottá a képzés. Sok iskola indított szakképző osztályt, így egy-egy régióban, kistérségben számos párhuzamos képzés indult. Ugyan a helyi önkormányzatok, finanszírozási problémák miatt, sorra kezdték visszaadni a megyei önkormányzatoknak a szakképző intézményeket, viszont ezzel nem szűnt meg a képzés szétaprózódottsága, amiben az intézmények, a tanárok, a szülők érdekérvényesítése is szerepet játszott (gondoljunk csak a főváros szakképző intézményeinek átalakítására, amely során az önkormányzat többször is visszakozni kényszerült a tanárok tüntetése miatt). A központi oktatásirányítás leginkább a finanszírozás révén avatkozott be az iskolaszerkezetbe, arra ösztönözve az iskolákat, hogy együttműködjenek. 2008-tól csak azok a szakképző intézmények jutnak szakképzési támogatáshoz, ahol a létszám meghaladja az 1500 tanulót, ennek hatására 86 Térségi Integrált Szakképző Központba tömö- rültek a szakképző iskolák. Tehát most újra elindult a szakképzésben egy koncentrációs folyamat. Míg a decentralizáció ideológiája az volt, hogy a fogyasztóhoz viszi a képzést, addig a centralizáció eszméje az, hogy minőségi képzést nyújt.

Menedzserek vagy tudományos munkatársak? Az új menedzserizmus hatásai a brit felsőoktatásra

Author(s): Katalin Ámon / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2011

Review of: Rosemary Deem, Sam Hillyard & Mike Reed: “Knowledge, Higher Education, and the New Managerialism: The Changing Management of UK Universities.”; Oxford University Press, 2007, Oxford. 245 p. by: Ámon Kata

Summary - Managerialism in Education

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2011

A veszélyes iskola

Author(s): Géza Sáska / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2008

Géza Sáska (Introduction) says that school aggression can easily be explained by the process of educational expansion. In the expansion/massification process new student groups are accessing the educational organisations with their new (and as yet unacceptable) cultures of ‘school conflict management’. Challenged by these new attitudes in the classroom and the school—teachers with their traditional classroom management feel themselves incapable. Educational policy makers are incapable either. Bounded by political and partisan ideologies they can preach only ‘zero tolerance’ and/or ‘co-education’.

ORTA ZAMAN ORGANİZASYONEL DAVRANIŞLARININ YÖNETSEL FAALİYETLERE ETKİSİ

Author(s): Mustafa Turhan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2018

It has been important to take advantage of these behaviors if they have had any impact on the person or society at all times, to subject them to research and examination, and to take lessons in social life and business life. It is essential to know both feelings and experiences in this regard and to establish a relationship according to it and to work more harmoniously and happily with social environment as business environment. What you should know at the beginning of what you are doing, what you are going to start working with, what you have been doing before, what issues have been taken into account when doing so.Predict positive developments and changes that different knowledge and practices will have on our lives, use them on the way to happiness and success, and ensure that others take part in society as happy successful individuals. Managing and organizing a business and establishing its strategic elements depends on the development of the individual's social environment, on the desire to possess and possess, on talent and experience. The desire to act strategically results in research, investigation and a job. This results in organizational usability and sharing by governments to feed both the material and the spiritual. In strategic governments, organizational behavior is the essence of conformity. Harmony is the balance and harmony in the working place, the family, the group of friends and so on. Equilibrium and harmony are the fact that different knowledge and behaviors do not distort the state of the system or the sides of the experience. Regardless of the conditions, the resultant value of the system should be organized by the happiness and desire of the parties.

Recenzja: Księgi wpisów archidiecezji warszawskiej z lat 1848–1861 jako źródło historyczne

Author(s): Mieczysław Różański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2003

The review of: Ks. Stanisław Banach, Księgi wpisów archidiecezji warszawskiej z lat 1848–1861 jako źródło historyczne, Dalików–Łódź 2002, ss. 126.

Impact of the agent theory on private and public companies based on the analysis of Croatian health care system

Author(s): Martina Sopta,Mihaela Mikić,Matej Botički / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

For years, the Republic of Croatia has been faced with the challenge of sustainability of its health care system due to the inefficiency of public health care institutions. It is generally believed that such development is the cause of health care system structure itself, which provides health care to all citizens. This paper seeks to explore whether public health care institutions can be more effective despite the system structure itself. The basic premise of the paper is that public health care institutions are ineffective because of the agent theory impact. In order to examine that premise, it is necessary to compare public and private health care institutions. The aim of this paper is to find out whether there is a greater impact of the agent theory in public health institutions in regard to different influence of private and public ownership on the management methods. The research methodology refers to the financial analysis of selected private and public health institutions. The examination of the professional qualification of managing directors of these institutions showed that there are no major differences in the share of experts in the field of economics in private and public institutions. Efficiency analysis based on the specific institutions shows that public health institutions are more ineffective than the private ones when it comes to cost management. Based on this, the conclusion is that the agent theory impact is more prevalent in public health care institutions.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ ПОДГОТОВКИ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ КАДРОВ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ (90-Е ГОДЫ XX ВЕКА)

Author(s): Galija Fanilevna Galina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2017

The paper considers the issue of providing qualified medical specialists as one of the key problems of the public healthcare system in post-Soviet Kazakhstan. The main activities for medical staff training in the context of the process of development of the public healthcare system in Kazakhstan after the collapse of the Soviet Union have been analyzed. The potential of medical staff of the country during the transition period has been described. The signs of poor education and qualification of medical specialists, regional and professional imbalances in medicine have been revealed. The obtained data demonstrate the major drawbacks of the staff policy in the field of medical education and healthcare organization as a result of the insufficient funding and the command-administrative Soviet system. The main activities for creating the proper conditions for development of the medical staff training system have been discussed in relation with the processes of integration and development of science, education, and public healthcare under the new socio-economic and political conditions. The factors that hinder the development of the effective medical staff training system have been identified, and its main results have been analyzed. The influence of social, economic, moral and cultural factors on the labor market and medical education has been determined. The main stages and key directions in the development of medical staff training have been revealed taking into account the global trends in public healthcare and medical education. It has been established that state measures in the area of reforms in the public healthcare system and medical education have allowed to gradually develop a staff policy for training of medical specialists since the late 1990s. It has been emphasized that the staff policy as a subject of research of the public healthcare institution during the difficult period of establishment of a market economy following the disintegration of the Soviet state makes it possible to identify the important aspects of the social history of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Съвременни тенденции и подходи в мултинационалните компании: глобализация, лидерство, човешки капитал и управление на таланти в мултикултурна среда

Author(s): Martin Zafirov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

In this article, the subject of research is the impact that globalization has on leadership in multinational companies. The main types of leadership that can be applied in a multinational company are defined with their specifics, benefits and problems - are defined. For this purpose, the model of five determinants (5-D model) by Heerte Hofstede for the measurement and comparison of national cultures and the leadership approach related to talent management is presented. On this basis, own assessments, conclusions and recommendations for enhancing the efficiency of management in a multicultural environment are formulated.

Да продадеш душата си на дявола

Author(s): Boyan Zahariev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 47/2017

The article uses the technology of web-scraping and social network analysisto track the use of keywords from the language of primarily East Europeananti-liberalism – tolerast, liberast, and sorosoid. A corpus of about 500 webpages containing at least one of the key words serves as empirical material for the analysis. The three keywords extracted from the net a large corpus of anti-liberal texts including a mixture of political and geopolitical topics intertwined with xenophobic, homophobic and plainly vulgar jargon. Word frequency and correlation analysis of the whole corpus and the construction of a bi-partite networkwith webpages and words revealed several thematic fields. The main sources of anti-liberal rhetoric using hate speech do not seem to quote or directly borrow from each other. Most of them maintain a multitopic profile and their relation to kindred spirit web pages can only be discovered through web search.

Assessment of the Health Losses Resulted from the Internal Armed Conflict in Ukraine and Public Health Tasks

Author(s): Natalia Ryngach,Olena Korolchuk / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

The article is devoted to the health and lives losses resulted from the armed conflict in Ukraine. It shows the real and potential consequences for the social health and determination of major (priority) activity directions and tasks for public health management, with the aim of their minimisation or prevention.

Sfera Autonomii, Sfera Biurokracji. Relacje Polskich Teatrów Publicznych I Ich Organizatorów W Perspektywie Międzynarodowej

Author(s): Kamila Lewandowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2017

According to many researchers, the cultural policy model based on the arm’s length principle gives public institutions more autonomy than the so-called bureaucratic model. In line with the typology by Hillman-Chartrand and McCaughey (1989), the former is called the “patron model” and implemented in the Anglo-Saxon countries. The latter, dubbed the “architect model,” prevails in continental Europe, including Poland. The aim of this paper is to question the popular belief that the continental model, by definition, has a greater bureaucratic and political influence than the Anglo-Saxon model. For this purpose, the author has analyzed the literature describing the British practice and conducted empirical research in Poland among officials responsible for theaters and directors of public theaters. The results suggest that the difference between the two models in terms of institutional autonomy is not as clear as one could infer from the typology contained in the literature.

Serial Dyrektorzy. Dzieje Prawnego Unormowania Statusu Dyrektora

Author(s): Paweł Płoski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2017

In journalistic publications about cultural policy, there is a prevailing conviction that the system change of 1989 put an end to the prosperity and carefreeness of Polish theaters and made managers of these institutions face many new problems, unknown in the days of communism. In this paper, based on the study of community efforts to strengthen the position of theater managers in relations with authorities, I argue that this view is overly simplistic and idealizes the situation of culture in the communist Poland. The prolonged and complex efforts to determine the rules of theater manager’s work – which took more than fifty years (1958–2011) – are like a television “soap opera.” Hence the paper’s title (loosely) alluding to the Polish TV show Dyrektorzy, popular in 1970s, which portrays managers of the socialist industry, although the paper does not contain as many dramatic turns of events. The analysis of the sources shows the unchanging ills of the Polish theatre life, which moved from socialism to capitalism, from dictatorship to democracy. Theatre managers are still forced to negotiate with authorities.

O Europeizacji Miasta Na Przykładzie Krakowa, Europejskiego Miasta Kultury

Author(s): Joanna Szulborska-Łukaszewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

The paper focuses on the cultural policy of the City of Cracow, including its premises and priorities, in the light of the incentives and support provided by the EU programs. Using Cracow as a case study, I make an attempt to show to what extent the European Community has contributed to the Europeanisation of Polish cities by triggering changes in the perception of the role of culture in the development of regions, including changes in the aesthetics of public space, human capital development (talent support, development of the cultural sector staff, development of civil society), quality of infrastructure, and support for creativity and innovation, including the use of new media and new technologies in culture.

Google jako narzędzie komunikacji marketingowej polskich instytucji kultury w opinii studentów

Author(s): Anna Lusińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

Due to the possibility of transmitting information with high speed and precision and acquiring a wider audience, the marketing communication of contemporary Polish cultural institutions should, to a large extent, take place with the help of online tools. A wide array of such tools dedicated to Polish cultural institutions is offered by Google. Therefore, this article aims to identify and analyse selected Google tools used by Polish cultural institutions for marketing communication and to assess the suitability of such tools.

Funding Sources for Waste Management in Poland in Amended Legislation

Author(s): Dagmara Hajdys,Magdalena Kogut-Jaworska / Language(s): English Issue: 1.1/2018

Poland has long been faced with the problem of municipal waste. Because the waste management system in place did not perform as expected, failing to contribute to the construction of waste-handling facilities, to reduce landfill waste volumes and improve the rates of recovered waste materials, in 2011 the Polish Parliament amended the act on maintaining cleanliness and order in municipalities drawing on the experiences of other European countries. The amendment reformed the municipal waste management system and imposed the responsibility for collecting and managing local waste and for financing relevant projects on municipalities. This article is a review of options for funding waste management in Polish municipalities, including dedicated programmes and the possibilities of financial engineering. The present financial perspective has provided local governments with access to various sources of environmental funding. These are mostly EU-funded grants and loans offered through the National and Voivodeship Funds for Environmental Protection and Water Management, Bank Ochrony Środowiska and Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego. An interesting option is public-private partnerships promoted by the European Commission and Polish government, which can be combined with EU structural funds into so-called hybrid solutions.

Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Polski w regionie Morza Bałtyckiego

Author(s): Michał Będźmirowski,Miłosz Gac / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2.3/2018

Energy security plays an extremely important role in the creation of geopolitical concepts and strategies of contemporary states. The constantly increasing demand for energy determines the foreign policy of many international entities, which aim at ensuring the continuity of supply at both the lowest possible price and the best quality, to enable the productive use of energy while respecting the natural environment. This thesis is confirmed by the Polish strategy of energy security, which focuses on particular activities such as: ensuring a real diversification, development of the transmission and distribution system and conducting an appropriate storing policy. The Baltic Sea region plays a key role in the Polish energy supply system by creating the possibility for diversification of the supply of strategic resources. Additionally, geographical characteristic of this area is also used to create the superpower policy of the Russian Federation, which uses rich deposits of strategic resources as an instrument of political game.

Wykorzystanie elektronicznych procedur w zamówieniach udzielanych przez publiczną służbę zdrowia

Author(s): Jarosław Szymański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3.2/2018

The public procurement system has tools, electronic procedures, enabling the contractor, among others multiple reduction of the price of the offer. The purpose of this article is to submit an electronic auction and electronic bidding as procedures increasing the economic efficiency of the awarded contracts. The article attempts to estimate the degree of use of electronic procedures by the public health service, compared to other contracting entities. Using the available source materials and the tools of mathematical statistics, the share of electronic procedures in contracts awarded in 2016 by the national public health service was estimated. Due to the permanent underfunding of the health service, a research hypothesis has been put forward that the share of electronic procedures in contracts awarded by the public health service is greater than in contracts awarded by other contracting entities, obliged to apply Public Procurement Law.

Partycypacja społeczna w procesie rewitalizacji

Author(s): Izabela RACKA,Beata Wenerska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3.3/2018

Involving the society in decision-making process strengthens the position of citizens and democracy, and the citizens’ active participation in the life of the city can improve the quality of decisions made by local authorities. Public participation should be fully realized. The aim of the article is to diagnose the level of interest of the inhabitants and the city authorities in the public participation, especially in the revitalization process. The study was conducted in the town of Kalisz among different groups of inhabitants. A questionnaire survey has been used as a research method. The regeneration process in Kalisz can be successful provided the inhabitants are involved. The results of survey show that residents want to be able to influence the decisions of the city authorities, but rarely use these opportunities. The most involved in the city decisionmaking processes are city activists. Nearly half of the respondents value the effectiveness of participatory tools in the revitalization process, but these are primarily those who do not take an active part in public and social life, representatives of city authorities and local government officials. Active non-governmental activists and members of the presidential advisory councils were far more skeptical about influencing the decisions of local authorities.

Analiza występowania zagrożeń podczas realizacji usług transportowych na terenie UE

Author(s): Marek Krzywonos / Language(s): Polish Issue: 8.2/2018

The efficient operation of the transport system plays a significant role in the economy of every country. It enables the proper functioning of all its sectors, pointing to the close coupling between the development of transport systems and economic development. Effective transport enables economic growth. Both in Poland and in the countries of the European Union, the most popular branch of transport is road transport. Polish transport companies occupy a significant position on the market of freight transport in the European Union. It is visible in terms of the fleet of vehicles, employment and the number of transports expressed in ton-kilometers. The result of Polish economic development is also not as high as “consuming” of the transport services. Carriers from Poland widely provide their transport services abroad. The questionnaire form was sent to a large number of transport companies, however, only 30 completed surveys were obtained. During the transport operations in the European Union, drivers encountered various threats. The threats related to criminality predominated. Media-related situations related to mass migration, for example, an attempt to force migrants to hide in the truck as well as blockages on the roads also happened to the drivers from the surveyed enterprises.